2 '
THE COLUMBIAN. BLOOVldftURO. Pa
ill
How Trninboy's histincl
Developed t!;c Inventor.
ins sTAia in uv-n
try Kwrj ll.lng ii.nl Aiij Ihir.jj vn
II.' Mulln Ills Indomitiiblc Ac
'hit nnil Continual "Monkeying
,1i'oiii:d" Mas Keen of liualcirnlilo
in lit to All .Vanklnd.
(' -there cr vast possibilities In
'. unit? word. If Thomas AHn Kd
n r.ud become n humorist, In-Mead
i.i Invt'iitor, what a difference It
v k,1 liavu Hindi, to tin world.
fortunately lor the world (he In
quiring spirit of the 1 iy gained the
sceti.lency over his ;,ocor.o Inclina
tions. Uu was forever asking his
father the reason for thin and that,
and when, in very desperation and
tliinkltiK frankness the better policy,
the unhappy parent would answer "I
don't krow," the boy would red lire
klm to Htlll further depths of dis
traction by instantly demanding,
"Why don't you know ?"
At the age ol 14 he was candy
butcher, iiuwrfpupor eultor and elec
trical experimenter, all on board a
train; by the tiai - he was 18 ho had
become a "tramp" telegraph opera
tor with a notable record lor speed:
t tho a of 22 he was a full-fledged
lnventoi. seillnrf his stock-! lckcr for
$4(1,000 w iilclt sum hi; carried
anoiit with hi in for two days, afraid
to entrust It to a bank.
Many stories are told of his lri-
VV VV-.
THOMAS A. EDISON,
-omltable activity. While he was
develop'ng tho autoniatlo telegraph,
he needed a solution which would
give a chemically prepared paper
upon which characters coald be re
corded at a speed greater than 200
words f minute. He ate at his desk
and ttlept In his chair, until lie bad
found the formula. Ultimately he
succeeded in recording 3,100 words
minute.
The electric light, wiilch followed
bis telephone experiments, afforded
an even more striking Illustration of
this persistency In hunting for the
thing. In this case It was a filament
that would hold out to burn like the
proverbial candle. He tried silicon
and boron and a host of other ma
terials. Finally he got some ordi
nary cotton thread and carbonized
it. When It lit up ho and his, as
sistants watched It breathlessly for
more than forty hours would It
last? It lasted and they saw that
carbon was what they were after
What kind of carbon was the next
question. Trying various things,
they at last carbonized a strip of
bamboo from a Japanese fan and
found they were on the right track.
Even then Kdison sent a schoolmas
ter to Sumatra and another fellow
up the Amazon, while William H.
Moore, one of hla associates, went to
Japan to get what was wanted. The
earch for a suitable filament for the
lertrlc lamp cost somewhere about
$100,000.
The human touch which character
ised every achievement of the "Wiz
ard." whom Imaginative Journalists
pictured as dwelling In a cave of
marvels more wonderful than any
;;:hemlst's retreat, Is shown In the
story of the first phonograph. The
model had Just been completed, and
Carmen, tho foreman of Edison's
Machine shop, unable to believe what
he haj been told, bet Edison a box
of cigars that the thing wouldn't
work. The Inventor good-huHiored-ly
accepted the wager, and with a
mile slowly turned the handle of
the machine, speaking Into the re
. caiver the first verre of "Mary
had a little Iamb." Then the cylin
der was turned back, and "faint but
distinct, came back the words of that
Juvenile classic faithfully repeated
1? Edison's familiar tones."
The klnetoscope, the magnetic ore
separator, the method of turning rock
and limestone into cement, the build
ing of solid concrete houses by
moulds, all these inventions have
interesting stories connected with
them. Edison has been by far the
most prollflo Inventor and patentee
f any time, having filed more than
1.200 applications in America alone.
There are typewrite, electric pen,
vocal engines, addressing machines,
methods of preserving fruit, cast
iron manufacture, wire-drawing,
electrical locomotives, making plate
alum, compressed air apparatus and
many other things """" t&em.
f
I. .... it
. v .... v
VAN A MA'S MUST MACADAM.
rhroiiKh llfTort of CniiiU Offlrlnla
There Arc Now Two Miles.
Across the Isthmus of Panama no
road wide enough for a cart ha.i ex
isted In many a year, nijs C. Mor
ton Dnmo In Good Uonds. Pathways
through the tropic Jungle, trails
broad tnoiigh to penult the passage
of horso and rldtr, have sencd the
purposes of thons who had to go to
pluces there which were not along
the railroad or the rivers.
The first step toward tho construct
ion of a good roa.l here was that of
the Canal Zone officials. They have
thrown open a public highway from
Culel itt to Empire City, a distance
of two mlep.
Itefore this was opened to traffic:
! no way of going from one of these
. places to the other was open, except
i a tuero path beside the railroad; and
j that wad by no means easy.
Much trnfllc has gone ocr this
road since H was opened to the pub
lic. Some one has written that "this
road Is abnlute!y uselivs, except for
pleasure riders," This is untrue. The
road is a necessity. Among other
uses, It affords tho only way by
which meat may be brought from the
slaughter-house, whkh Is beside the
road. It will servo many other uses
necessary to expeditious business
here.
I'ccOiiig Ct:!l r.eans to I log
Tho hos will make a pound of
gain on less food than almost any
livestock and he Is a grent utilizer of
farm waste; nevertheless, t;o man
should attempt to raise hogs as a
business even In a small way
without adequate pasture. Experi
ments from Mississippi to Michigan
are noted. In pasturing and feeding,
Including the use of alfalfa, rape
clover, cowpeas, cullbeans. cornmeal
etc. in connection with cull-bean
feeding, It Is suggested that salt is
an appetizer and renders the rod
more palatable and It also possesses
laxative qualities. For pcu feeding.
It Is stated that It Is best to have
the water content of the ration below
the daily requirement and then let
the animal have access to water at
will, or supply it regularly. For, if
the food la exceedingly sloppy, the
pig Is compelled to consume unnat
urally large quantities of the ration,
in order to satisfy lils bodily needs.
This distends the stomach, unbalan
ces the whole digestive system, and
makes a paunchy, 111 formed animal,
which at slaughtering time yields a
very low per cent, of profitable car
cass. Corner Post Set in Concrete-
Dig the hole for the corner post
about 6 Inches larger thai, the post
and put a few bricks In the bottom.
Set the post in the center and fill In
the Intervening space with cement.
CORNER POST SET IN CONCRETB
rounding it up well at the top. Let
the post stand for a week befori
stretching wire. Such a post will be
found to last longer and be more solid
Lettuce During Winter.
It Is but little trouble to have
lettuce on any farm during the en
tire winter. I bow the Beed thinly In
the open ground early In the fall and
when severe weather comes on trans
plant into cold frames, covering when
very cold with glass, cloth or boards.
The board frame should be banked
up with earth and during real cold
weather It Is well to give an addi
tional covering of straw mats or
rough fodder. Those never having
tried to grow lettuce In this way
will be agreeably surprised to learn
how little time and trouble It re
quires to give the family abundant
supply of this wholesome relish. It
is a much hardier plant than most
people suppose. Indiana Farmer.
Vuluo of Breeds.
The value of breeds is ' greater
than Is known to some. Formerly it
was considered necessary to keep a
steer until 4 or years old before
ending to market, but with the use
of Improved breeds steers can now
be marketed at 2 or 8 years of age,
and will be heavier than those of
twice that age that are not well
bred. Good breeds save time and
feed, increase the weight, and lead
to higher prices.
Guard Against Field Mice.
Field mice do not attack old treea
If they can get the bark of young
treea, but they sometimes do much
damage to orchards. Wrap the tree
with tar paper, extending the paper
evdral inches Into the ground. Thla
method pot only prevents the depre
datlona of mice, but also serves to
proteot against the borers. The pap
er need not extend over a foot above
ground.
1
MANY QCEEH NKWSPArKlW.
Journal for Which the Subscrip
tion Price is Right Ducks a Year.
In Switzerland there Is a newspa
per especially for engaged couples.
Agents all over the country collect
particulars concerning young people
who have become engnged to be mar
ried, and their names addresses and
particulars of their social position
appear In the weekly Joarral.
Every girl who Is thus mentioned
receives the paper for one year free,
says the London Tlt-Hita. the sub
scribers to It being chiefly trades
people who send advertisements of
their broils to thos.e whose names
ere w published.
Rheumatism being such a univer
sal omplalnt It is hardly to bo won
wonlered at that there exists a pa
per entirely for the benolt of the
rheumatic sufferers.
Thla Is published In Germany, and
In It rheumatic patients discuss their
iiympt'inis nnd tell of anything that
has p'oved a relief to their pains,
while medical men contribute arti
cles to It on the different phases,
symptoms and specie- of rheumatism
and the progress which tho cure of
rheumnti.' ui Is steadily making. Need
less to say, most rheumatic patients
make u point of seeing this strange
print.
There wuu staying In London re
cently the editor of the only Illus
trated paper In the whole of the
Caucasus, who, therefore. Is In the
happy position of having no compe
titor. Ho Is said to have made ar
rangements for the publishing of a
world's mtniature postcard newspa
per, the print of which will be bo
small that the reader will bo sup
plied with a magnifying glass In or
der to master the contents.
Greenland possesses one month
ly Journal called the Kalorikmlt. It
consists of a single sheet of three
columns and Is published at God
thaab, on the west coast of Green
land. Three months, subscription
to the paper takes the peculiar form
of two ducks. A sable Bkln will pay
for tho paper for a whole year.
America is the land of eccentric
names for newspapers. Imagine
yourself asking at the bookstall for
the Crowbar or the Missing Link, or
the Tar-heel, or the Buzz Saw, or
the Arakansas Thomas Cat. These
are actually the titles of newspaper
In the Stntes. Yet even these are
hardly the worst, for among the list
of papers In Alabama are tho Hot
Llast, Spot Cash and Wire Grass Sitt
ings. The people (of California are
more or less proud of the Po mo
Tropic, the Buzz, and the Ojar, while
Colorado has the Rattler.
Cows Horn Is Useful.
Scientifically cow's born is a com
bination of phosphate of lime, gela
tin and albumen, and, like all na
ture's products, the ingredients are
in the right proportions to make the
article useful to nan, as well as to
the animal that bears it.
The lime makes the horn hard, but
there is Just enough lime to make it
hard without making it brittle, and
there Is Just enough gelatin to make
the horn easy to cut and shape.
The core of the. horn Is bone and
to get that out the horn Is soaked
In water for several woeks. When
the core is taken out It is ground up
and made into crucibles which are
used for melting gold and silver In.
The outer end of the horn Is hard
and solid and that is used for mak
ing knife handles and other things.
The hollow part of the horn is soak
ed for half an hour or so in boiling
water, when it becomes soft and may
easily be split with a knife.
It is then spread out flat and put
between iron plates. There is a
time when these horn plates are
made very thin by hard pressure,
and used In windows and lanterns as
we now use glass. They may be
made quite translucent.
When horn Is heated it may be
molded into almost any desired form.
That Is the way knife handles, but
tons and other articles are made.
Chicago News.
Sins Against Our Eyes.
The first effense against the eyes
Is reading with a poor light. This
requires the miliary muscle to do ex
tra work to sharpen sight. It ap
plies to dim light, twilight, sitting ,
tro far from the light.
Tho second offense Is one of .jos- I
turo stooping or lying down con-
gests the eye, besides requiring un- I
natural work of the eye muscles.
Rending on trains Is our third of
tetice, the motion causing such fre
quent changes of focus and position
as to tax the muscles of accommoda
tion as well as the muscles of fixa
tion. Reading without needed glasses or
with badly fitted ones la the last.
Eyestrain Is certainly a factor in
producing disease of every part of
the eye. Old age la the time of
retribution for those who have sinned
ugainst their eyes. From Health.
A Fence of 2,030 Miles.
After five years' work Australia'!
great trans-continental rabbit proof
fence has been completed. Its length
Is 2,036 miles, and the cost of erec
tion has been nearly 250,000. It
Is furnished at interval! of five mllea
with systems of trays, in which hun
dreds of rabbits are captured and de
stroyed daily. Inside the barrier
their appears as yet no traoe of ttoelr
presence. London Tit-Bits.
Why does It always seem to rata
harder on a Sunday . Just before
church time than on a Saturday Juat
before the matinee time!
Poetry Worth Reading.
I'nder Voiron.
Pehold tho rose the peerless one,
Sits laughing In the June day sunt
Her kisses wide around she
throws;
!r'0 sweet nnd gracious her estate,
All hearts on her with worship wait
Put hark! A murmur upward
grows;
"It takes the wave of summer air,
It gathers Increase everywhere.
And to the dim horizon flows;
"We grass -we wild (lowers of th
plain.
We lowly are, that thou mayst reign
We are that thou mayst be The
Rose!"
Nn.v, while tills legionary sound
The leafy commonwealth flowed
round
An I'nder Voire, In kindred tons,
Was borne from out Life's garden
I-'ror.i hearts unnumbered it arose;
From spirit unto spirit blown.
;''::! Imperious It canv.
1' il in;; the Great In deed and fail'";
"Wo win no trophies, mount in
throne;
Pet foil your gifts, yo;ir v?lor bright;
W. are the Tlark; ye are the Light-
We are that ye may shlno til:iio!"
C.a
sum
of Song whoe'er tho'i
art
Tho Tiuler Voice boats on thy heait.
Crying: "No truth that thou mayst
brlnjj
livl-.uly to our wal'lng ears,
(Whether It be full joy or tears)
To us cuii come an alb n thins
Py our humanity Impelled
Thy thought to utterance la swelled,
As draws the river from Its spring:
We, though an unregarded thron;:,
Are still thy fostering sourco of
song
And we are muto that thou msyst
EDITH M. THOMAS.'
The Poet's Pleasantry.
i
You man of shreds and patches,
needle, thread.
Won't you, please, come another
t'.ay ?
Those dunning visits drive me off
my head;
Reflect did you e'or know a poet
pay?
Why bother me, you butcher, grocer
why?
Tho age of miracles is long since
o'er.
Can dollars from an empty pocket
fly?
How many times I've told you that
before.
Plorfan pebbles will not yield you
blood '
The Muse's mint Is drained to its
extent,
And what I earn I spend on dally
food,
For even bards must have some
nutriment.
You've other customers more prompt
than I;
I'm sure they'd pay it you made
request;
On them I think you might as well
rely
And let a hardworked poet have
a rest.
Yet some good faith I'd really like
to show
By writing each of you a tripping
rhyme,
Which may why, what's your hurry
must you go?
Good-by! I'll see you, p'r'aps,
some other time!
LA TOUCHE HANCOCK.
Hong of the Winds.
The winds they come like hounds
of the night,
And they will not let me be;
Whirling the leaves in their wayward
flight,
Sweeping the bill and lea.
What of their song when the bran
ches sway,
Ere the night shades lift to the dusk
of day;
A ship Is lost and a heart in vain
Walts and hopes at the window pane,
There by a cold, gray sea.
The winds those trailing clogs of
of the night,
Hark, hark to their whispering!
They moan of a soul that has taken
flight,
And never a hope they bring.
The lights of the night gleam cold,
so cold,
Over the hills and the upland wold
And yonder a night bird, lonely,
grieves
For you out there 'neath the sod
and leaves
And thus do the night winds sing!
Milwaukee Sentinel
A False Promise.
(When the web Is on the grass
No rain can come to pass.
Old saying.)
'I'll put my umbrella by,
My rubbers fling away;
Though somewhat dubious Is the sky,
It cannot rain to-day."
She wore her very daintiest gown,
Her filmy hat was white;
Within an hour the floods came
down
Alack, the piteous sight!
Dh, all the Jewelled webs were out
By trusting elfins spun;
and shall the little people doubt
The fealty of the sun?
ADA FOSTER MURRAY,
Tho Kiiul You Have Always
111 tlSO lor OVCr UU JCnrs,
m
- ami nas occn iihiuo iiiuht iii jirr-fJfrf-f-d1-
sonal supervision ulnco its Infancy.
'X S&ACUAi Allmv nn onn to deceive vnu in lliln.
ii r ..'..!., i...stniitia
JX.ll Vtlllllll'l ICIVf.) ,.,.v."--" - " -
i:xerinicnt4 that trillo wiili nnd cudnnjror tho health of
Infants and ChUdrcn-13xiericnco against Hxncilmcnt.
What is CASTOR I A
Castoria Is n harmless substiluto for Castor Oil, Pare
goric, Drops nnd Soothlnpr Syrups. It is Pleasant. It
contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Narcotic,
Mibstancc. Its n;?o is its guarantee. It destroys Worms
nnd allays Feverishness. It cures Dlnrrluca and "Wind
Colic. It relieves Teething Troubles, cures Constipation
and Flatulency. It assimilates tho Food, regulates tho
Stomach and itowcls, giving healthy and natural sleep.
Tho Children's Panacea Tho Mother's Friend.
GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS
7
Bears the
The KM You to Always Bought
In Use For Over 30 Years.
TMI OCNT.U eOMMN. t MUIMMV TK' (T, NKW VOHN CITV.
VAT l'OU SCALDING IIOfiH.
Its Simplicity of CoiisIiihIIdii lire
coiiiiik'HiIh It For 1'm'.
A very gooil vnt for ht-utliiK water
or scalding hogs run b made In
the following iiuinucr: Take two
2x12 planks and cut them so th-y
are 6 feet on one edse and f IVft
t Inches on the otlu'r fuf Tlics
VAT KOIt HOGS.
form the sides of the vat. For the
ends take two pieces of 2x12 each
plunk 3 feet long. About three in
ches from 'nch end of the two sides
cut n groove across 2 Inch wide and
inches deep for the end of the
Bides to lit. Hole should be bored
at. top and bottom for half Inch bolts
acro.a the ends to hold the sides
In position.
Tho bottom of the vat Is made of
sheet Iron nalied to the bottom nnd
on to the vat. The vat should be
long fasten at top and. also, should
be wide enough to come around both
ends and enough to come up the
sides for two or three Inches. Three
Iruoa 1 "i inches thick and one Inch
wide ara passed under the tank and
used to support tho bottom. They
are shown ut A. A. A. These should
ccmo up at leant four Inches at the
Bide.
A trench 8 feet long, 20 inches
wide, la inches deep, should be dug
and the vat placed over it. The
trench should he dug so that the
wind has, a straight draft under the
vat. I-'lll tho vat two-thirds full of
water. The scraping bench should
be set nsainst the Hide of the vat.
Light chains each about 8 feet
long are used to lower and raise the
hog Into the water. These chains
should be fantened at the edge of the
scraping bench and should bo placed
about 2 feet 6 Inches apart. liy
placing these chains ubove the vat
the hof can be lowered Into the
water and when scalded can h
readily removed. Prairie Fanner.
(.rowing I'.acon Hons.
Clover pasture greatly reduces the
cost or feed, and stimulates a greater
growth and vigor In the PK8 than
It possible to secure In confinement.
The pigs should for profit
come In early spring and disposed
of in November. At seven months
they can be made to weigh between
180 and 200 pounds. Only breeding
stock should be kept through the
winter.
A bacon breed should bo kent In
preference to a lard breed for tho
reason that In the absence of corn a
first class lard hog cannot be pro
duced, while the feed that pro-luces
the choicest bacon can be grown lu
abundance barley, . peas. clover,
roots etc.
The large Improved YorliFl:!ro
are kept on the experiment farm.
""hey are much more prolific t':an
the lard breeds and take better to
pasture.
In Canada this breed predomin
ates and the bacon pork exported
from that country Is noted for Its
high qualityIdaho Experiment
Station.
Bought, and wlficlt lins been
IU uvmu mo riK "Hi iiru ot
. .1 .1 , .
nml .Tnst-ns-iroo(l" nro linf:
Signature of
Lincoln!
;!ev'v Vliiii.
Lincoln's mind was orderly, tho.
gh his methods were not. He ne
glected details because his thought,
which was "as direct as flight," pass
ed Instantly to tho vital spot, and all
else seemed unimportant. "If I ran
free this case from technicalities and
get It properly swung to the Jury
I'll win It," he used to say; an I this
was his mental attitude toward all
legal questions. He had no training
in technicalities as long as the firm
of Stuart & Lincoln lasted, and It ti
doubtful If any teaching would have
qualified him for attorney work or
made him a master of detail. Vrt
as an office lawyer, such as rules tti
destinies of our modern corporate
Interests, he probably would haa
been Invaluable. His mind compre
hended large subjects without the
slightest effort. Once concentrit.-d
on an Issue ho passed directiy to
he point, disregarded the thous.mJ
and one contingencies, all tho ni-.iJ.
niic pros and cons nnd reduce J the
problem to its simplest possible form.
Century Ma&az'na
The Watchword of Women.
Modesty is woninn'H watchword.
Whatever threatens her delicate teiise
of modesty, frightens her. For this rea
son many a woman permits diseases of
tliedelica e womanly organs to become,
aggravated because 'she cannot bring
herself to submit to the ordeal of un
plettMUiit questioning, oflensive exam
inations, nnd obnoxious local treat
ments, which some l.hysichms li nil
necessary. Doubtless tliousuuils ol the
women who have taken advai (age of
Dr. l'ierce's oiler of free consiiltat ioll
by letter, have been led to do so bv the
escape thus otter d from u treatment
repugnant to modesty. Any sick wom
an may write to Dr. Pierce, Hullalo,
N. Y in perfect confidence; all letters
being treated as strictly private and sa
credly confidential, nnd nil answers
being sent in plain envelopes with no
advertising or other priming upon
them. Dr l-'ierce's Favorite Prescrip
tion has been long hailed us a "ixl
send to women." It makes weak wom
en strong nnd sick women well. 'Fa
vorite Prescription" contains no al
cohol. All its ingredients printed on
every lioitle wrapper.
Honowell 'lijones wluit I would
call u fair-weather friend." Wigwag
''Ah, he has sense enough not tol;nl
you his umbrella, eli V"
-
Am, tiik goo 1 1 (iUAi.rni'.s of Kl.v'
Cream Balm, solid, are fuiinil in Lliiil
Cream Halm, which is intended lor use
in atomizers. Tlmt it is n wonderful
remedy for Nasal (,'utanli is proved by
an ever-inereasiiig mass of testimony,
it does not dry out nor rasp the tender
tlir-passages. It altatvs the iiilluinina
tion and L'oes Htiaight to the root ol'tlie
disease. Obstinule obi eases have yield
ed in a few weeks. All druggists 7'j i
Including spraying tube, or mailed by
Kly Bros., o(j Warren Street, '-'
i ork.
-
Rellingstone Nomoss Me old teach
er us:er tell me dut a foo an' Ids mon
ey was soon parted." Tat terdon Torn
"Gee! I wish I could be foolish
about ten cents' worth list ut dis min
ute." '
i . sinewy kj-
1 Elu'fiPrMmnolm !&&. '.s.s
-j w vi uuill UUIIII
it quickly absorbed.
Givei Kbliol ut Once.
It clonuses, soothes.
i Baal uud protects
the diseased mem.
brune resulting from
Catnrrn and drives
sway a Cold in the
Head quickly. ltu.
fttfirna 1 1 1 a c
nouses Ol I Iff-f I I
i taste ami Hmw.ii v..n . m ... .
gists or by mail. In iilUij form, 'i
, Jy Brothers, 50 Warren Btrcst, Ne