frdfarfi §fatjaim is PUBLISHED EVERY FRIDAY MORNING, Bl J K. IHRBORKOYV A JOHN LUTZ On JULIANA ST., •pposiia the Mengil House, BEDFORD, BEDFORD CO., PA. TERMS: $2.00 a year if paid strictly in advance, $2.25 if not paid within three months, $2.50 if not paid within tbe year. RATES OF ADVERTISING. Ooesquare.oneinsertion SI.OO One square, three insertions 1.50 garh additional insertion less than 3 months, 50 3 months. 6 months. 1 year. One square... $ 4.50 $ 6.00 SIO.OO Two squares 6,00 9.00 16.00 Three squares 8.00 12.00 20.00 Half column 18.00 25.00 45.00 One column 30.00 45.00 80.00 Administrators' and Executors' notices, $3.00. Auditors' notices, if under 10 line*, S2.UO; if over 10 lines, $2.50. Sheriffs'? sales, $1.75 per tract. Ta ble work, double the above rates: figure work 25 per cent, additional. Estrays, Cautions and Noti ces to Trespassers, $2.00 for three insertions, if not above ten Hues. Marriage notices, 50 cts.each. payable in advance. Obituaries over five line* in length, and Resolutions of Beneficial Associations, at half advertising rates, payable in advance. Announcements of deaths, gratis. Notices in edi torial column, 15 cents ncr line. N deduc tion to advertisers of latent Medeeines. or Ad vertising Agents. # gjttgitttgjg Cards. ATTORNEYS AT LAW. JOHN PAISKR, '' Attorney it Law, Bedford. Pa.. Will promptly attend to all business entrusted to his care. Particular attention paid to the collection ! Military claims. Office on Julianna st., nearly opposite the .Meagel House.) june 23, '65.1y i B. CESSNA, ,J . ATTORNEY AT LAW, office with John Cessna, on Pitt St.,-opposite the Bedford Hotel. All business entrusted to his care sill receive faithful and prompt attention. Mili tary Claims, Pensions, Ac., speedily collected. Bedford, June 9,1565. I OHN T. KEAtiY, J ATTORNEY AT LAW, Bedfohp, PA., Will promptly attend to all legal business entrust ed to his care. Will give special attention to claims against the Government. Office on Juliana street, formerly occupied by Hon. A. King. iprll:'66-*ly. j, R. DVKBOKROW I.rTZ. r\l' RBORROW A LUTZ, \j ATTO H.VJS V.N A T LA II *, Berford, PA., Will attend promptly to all business intrusted to their care. Collections made on the shortest no tice. They are. also, regularly licensed Claim Agents and will give special attention to the prosecution claims against the Government for Pensions. Bae I'ay, Bounty, Bounty Lands, Ac. .h, on Juliana street, one door South of the '• '(• igel House" and nearly opposite the inifM.tr<tr . April 28. 1865:tf. | i.SPY M. alsip, LJ ATTORNEY AT LAW, Bedford, PA., Will faithfully and promptly attend to ail busi ncs.- entrusted to his care in Bedford and adjoin ing counties. Military claims, Pensions, back pay, Bounty. Ac. speedily collected, office with ' linn A Spang, on Juliana street. 2 doors south nf the Mengcl House. apl 1, 1864.—tf. Mm. A. POINTS, ATTORNEY AT LAW. BEDFORD. PA. Ite-pectfully tenders his profession*! services to the public. Office with J. W. Lingenfelter, Esq., on Juliana street, two doors 8011 th of the "Mengle House.'* Dec. 9, 1564-tf. 171MMULL AND LINGENFELTER, LV ATTORNEYS AT L.AW, BEDFORD, PA. Have formed a partnership in the practice of the Law Office on Juliana Street, two door* South j of the Meugel House, aprl. 1864--tf. fOHN MOWER ,J ATTORNEY AT LA W. BEDFORD, PA. April 1,1864. —tf. DKXTISTS. R. S. G. MIXWICH. JR. DENTISTS, BEDFORD. PA. Office in the Hank Building, Juliana Street. All operations pertaining to Surgical or Me lani.sl Dentistry cart-fully and faithfully per formed aetl warranted. TERMS CASU. janH'6s-ly. I V EN T IST 11Y. 1 J R. N. BOWSER, RESIDENT DF.NTIST, WOOD BERC.Y, I*A.. will spend the second Monday, Tues- ■ day, and Wednesday, of each month at Hopewell, the remaining three days at Bloody Run. attend ing to the duties of his profession. At U other Mines he can he found in his office at Woodhury, tecpiing the last Monday and Tuesday of the ■ ime month, which he will spt-nd in Martinsburg, Blair county. Penna. Persons desiring operations •hooM call early, as time is limited. All opera- , ti"n:- warranted. Aug. 5,1864,-tf. i PHYSICIANS. [ til. B. F. HARRY, I ' Respectfully tenders hi* professional scr ee.- to the citiiens of Bedford and vicinity. See and residence on Pitt Street, in the building rmerlv occupied by Dr. ,T. 11. nofius. April'l, 1864-5-tl. I L. M A 11J'>< >1 K< >, ML P R ') . Having permanently located respectfully tenders his pofcssional services to the citizens f Redlord and vicinity. Office on Juliana street, "Ppositethe Bank, one door north of Hall A Pal mer's office. April 1, 1864—tf. lIOII.IS. BEDFORD HOUSE, AT HOPEWELL, BEDFORD COFNTT. PA., BY HARRY D ROLLING ER. Every attention given to make guests comfortable, who stop at this House. Hopewell, July 29, 1864. \ " 8. HOTEL, L . TFARRIEBURG, PA. CORNER SIXTH AND MARKET STREETS, OPPOSITE BEADING R. R. DEPOT. I). H. HUTCHINSON, Proprietor. jin6:6a. EXCHANGE HOTEL. HI HUNTINGDON, PA., JOHN S. MILLER, Proprietor. April 29th, 1864.—ft. ISANKFKS. v V. HI L-r o. E. .SHANNON F- BKSRDICT DUPP, SHANNON & CO., BANKERS, II BEDFORD, PA. BANK OF DISCOUNT AND DEPOSIT. COLLECTIONS made, for the East, West. North lad South, and the general business of Exchange, 'anwtcd. Notes and Accounts Collected and Uen.ittances promptly made. REAL ESTATE Laight and sold. apr.15,'64-tf. JFWKJLKR. Ac. | \AXI EL BORDER, i / PITT HTKKET, TWO WIORH WEST OF TH BED '"RD HOTEL, BEBFOBD, PA. ATF'HMAKER AND DEALER IN JEWEL RY, SPECTACLES, AC. He keeps on hand a stock of fine Gold and Sil ler Watches, Spectacles of Brilliant Double Refin c' Glasses, also Scotch Pebble Glasses. Gold Clutch Chains, Breast Pins, Finger Rings, best Wlityof Gold Pens. He will supply to order an y thing in his line not on hand, apr. 8, 1864—as. •* I STIC KS OF THK PEACE* f GUN M AJOR, 'J JUSTICE OF THFE PEACE, HOPEWELL, TTDFORD COUHTT. Collections and all business I'trtaining to his office will be attended to prompt '?• Will also attend to the sale or renting of real "tale. Instruments of writing carefully prepa r*4. Also settling up partnership, and other ae. 'ounu. April I, lflh —tf. D! It BORROW A LUTZ, Editors and Proprietors. The following beautiful poem was written for tbe occasion and read by Col. Chari.es G Halpine, at the laying of the corner stone of the Battle Monument at Gettys burg, Jnly 4, 1M65: Ao men beneath some load of grief Or sudden joy will dumbly stand, Finding no words to give relief— Cleat, passion-warm, complete, and brief— To thoughts with which their souls expand: . So here to-day—these trophies uigh— Our lips no fitting words can reach; The hills around, the graves, the sky— The silent poem of the eye Surpasses all the art of speech! To-day, a nation meets to build A nation's trophy to the dead Who, living, formed her sword and shield— The arms she sadly learned to wield When other hope of peace had fled And not alone for those who lie In honored graves before us blent. Shall our proud column, broad and high, Climb upward to the blessing sky, ' But be for all a monument. An emblem of our grief, as well For others as for these, we raise: For these beneath our feet who dwell, And at! who in the good cause fell On ether fields, in other frays. To all the self same love we bear Which here for marbled memory strives; No soldier for a wreath would care Which all true comrades might not share — Brothers in death a* in their lives! On Southern hill-side?, parched and hrown, In tangled swamp, on verdant ridge, Where pines and broadening oaks look down, And jasmine weaves its yellow crown, And trumpet-creepers clothe the hedge: Along the shores of endless sand, Beneath the palms of Southern plain?, Sleep every where, hand locked in hand, The biothers of the gallant hand Who here poured life through throbbing veins. Arounil the closing eyes of all. The saine red glories glare 1 and flew— The hurrying flags, the bugle call, The whistle of the angry ball, The elbow-touch of comiadcs true! Tlie skirmish-fire—a spattering spray: The snarling growl of fire by file, Tlje thickening fury of the fray When opening batteries get in play, And the lines f-rui o'er ninny a utile. The foeinon's yell, our ausw ring cheer. Red flashes through the gathering siunkc, Swift orders, resonant and cicar, Blithe cries from comrades tried and dear, The shell-scream and the s,ilire-stroke:* 1 he rolling fire from left to right. From right to left, we hear it swell: The headlong charge# swift and bright, The thickening tumuit of the tight And bursting thunders of the shell. Now denser, deadlier grow.-, flic -trife And bore we yield, and the:e we gain; The air with hurtling missiles rife, Volley for voiley, life for life — No time to heed the erics of pain! Panting a# up ;he hills we charge, Or down them a# we broken roll, Life never felt so high, so large, And never o'er so wide a marge In trinurpb swept the kindling soul. Ncw raptures waken in the breast Amid this hell of scene and sound; The barking batteries never rest, And broken foot by horsemen pressed, Still stubbornly contest their ground. Fresh waves of battle rolling in To take the place of skutiered waves; Torn lines that grow more bent and thin— A blinding cloud, a maddening din— 'Twa# thus were filled these very graves! * * 9 9 * * Night falls at length with pitying veil— A moonlight silence deep and fresh; These upturned faces, stained and pale, Yaiuly the chill night dews assail — For colder than the dews thuir flesh! And flickering far through brush and wood U searching-parties, torch in band— "fieize if you can some rest and food, At dawn the fight will be renewed. Sleep on your arms!" the hushed command. They talk in whispers as they lie In lines-—these rough and weary men; "Deader but wonuded?"- then a sigb: "No coffee cither!" "tines# we'll try To get those two guns back again." "We've five flags to their one! oho!" "That bridge—'twas hot there as we passed! "The Colonel dead! It can't lie so: Wounded and badly—that I know: But he kept saddle to the last." "Be sure to send it if 1 fail—" "Any tobacco? Bill have you "A brown-haired, blue-eyed, laughing doll—" •'Good night, boys, and God keep yon aili" "What! sound asleep? Guess I'll sleep too." "Yes, just about this hour they pray For Dad—," "Ptop talking! pass tho word !'' And goon as quiet as the clay Which thousands will hut be next day The b/ng-drawu sighs of sleep arc heard. * * 9 Ob, tm-n ! to whtn this sketch, though rtldc, CalLs buck syuic scene of pain and pride; Ob, widow 1 Uugging closo your brood, Ob, wife i with happiness renewed, Since he again is at your side ; This trophy thut to-day wc raise Should '"c a monument for all; And on its side* no niggard phrase Conflne a generous nation'* praise To those who here have chanced to fall. But let us ail to-day oombine Still other monuments to raise: Here for the Dead wo build a Bbrine ; And now to those who, crippled, pine Let us give boje of happier days! Let homes for these sad wrecks of war Through all the land with spec! arise: Tongues cry froin every gaping scar, "Let not our brother s tomb debar The wounded living from your eyes. A noble day, a deed as good. -n A noble scene in whieh 'tis done, The Birthday of our Nationhood: And here again the Nation stood On this same day—its life rcwon ! A bloom of bauuers in the air, A double calm of sky and soul; Triumphal chant aud bugle blare, And green fields, spreading bright and fair, While heaven ward our Hosaunas roll. Hosannas for a land redeemed, 'The bayonet sheathed, the cannon dumb ; Passed, as some horror we have dreamed, The fiery meteors that here streamed, Threatening within our Louie# to come ! Again our banner floats abroad, (ion., the one .-M'n.that on it fell— Ami, bettered by his chastening rod, W tU .-ircaui! g c * uplift to G"d U t say, "lie doath all things well," A IjOCAL AXI) OENHILU. NEWSPAPER, DEVOTED TO POLITICS, EDUCATION, LITERATURE AND MORALS. RELIGION IN POLITICS. Within two or three months we have had about as many Fetters requesting the discon tinuance of the Recorder, on the ground that it had ceased to satisfy the religious wants Of the writers. In all of them the complaint \Va,s that the paper meddled with politics, and did not confine itsclt, as it should, ex clusively to religious themes. In two cases the animus was sufficiently plain. One of the writers spoke of our sacrificing to "the Moloch of abolition','" and the other consid ered our expressions of gratitude to God. on the taking of Richmond, as an unchristian exultation in bloodshed, and in triumph over suffering brethren. The other, in its form at least, was the expression of a desire to meet in a religious paper with only topics pertaininsr to the divine life—with sweet hymns,, passages of scriptural exposition, and practical experience. The two former, while professing to cravo a higher tone of piety in the paper, were written in a spirit which showed that they did need some stronger and more effective religious influ ence to lie exerted upon the character of those who wrote them than had hitherto been done. The latter seemed to be wholly honest and sincere. These communications gave rise to some thoughts and feelings which we proceed to express. The hypocrisy of the former was so gross as to be disgusting. Unchristian to thank God for the capture of Richmond! Joy in the emancipation of a race from _ bondage, a sacrifice to the Moloch of abolition! And this sympathy for slavery and rebellion veil ing itself under the pretence of a higher style cf piety, which could not toleratemun dauc themes in a religious journal, but crav ed that which was more spiritual and expe rimental! llow unmanly! How sneaking! How pitiful! The veil was too thin. The animus shone through as brightly as bur nished copper through thin gauze. If these men had said; "We drop your paper because we sympathize with the rebellion and slave ry, and you do not; we think that the reli gion of Christ sanctions the latter, and that the former is to be vindicated on moral and political grounds"'—there would have been candor and honesty in the proceeding. Hut to read us homilies on the sin of meddling with in connection with such unmis takable indications of what was the real ground of objection to the paper, was as un skilful as it was gross hypocrisy. . It is sufficiently humiliating that we should have had this style of thinking and feeliug in the free .Suites at any time—but that it should linger even now autom.' us is deplor able. That any one can now write about "the Moloch of abolition, and umc sym pathize with or apologize for the spirit in which this rebellion originated, is passing strange. Tliat the old way >f calling vindi cations of slavery religion* and confutations of it politicd —that the old infidel spirit which considers the state not divine, but human, and obedience to it uut a matter of religious obligation, but of expediency and of interest, should have outlived the tre mendous demonstrations of the last four years is indeed wonderful—but it is true. I >r. Sea bury and Bishop Hopkins may write liible vindications of slavery, and that is le gitimate (Ihristiait exposition: but when Br. Goodw in answers it in a book on exegetical grounds, and Phillips Brooks shatter it from the pulpit by the simple everlasting princi ples of the gospei that is politico! \V hen one cants u(>on the horrors of war and the evils of fraternal strife —morning thereby a lam entation because our Southern brethren were not permitted without molestation, to seize the 'Government, and extend slavery over all the land—that is pious reflection, even if if appears in a secular iournal; but if one denounces treason, and thanks God for triumph over it. that is meddling with poli ties. But enough—this mean hypocrisy is not worth the words which we have bestow ed upon it. But there is another sort of feeling on this subject which we think is mistaken, but which is entitled to •■'■+. A pious ami earnest heart, which loWs t..u Swaiofir, and is weary of trio sorrows and commotions of the time, would have all reference to them excluded from the religious journal. It seems to regard onr national affairs, however they may be treated Or contemplated, as es sentially secular topics. They persist in calling them politics, and all writing and preaching about, them, poldtcid. The}' would like to see the Recorder filled with just such matter as it would ho. if there had been no rebellion, no war, no Christian, and no Sanitary Commissions. They would have religion applied only to Church life, and individual Christian life, quite apart from all other life. The thing is impossible. The war has opened new fields, created new duties, thrown Christian life itself into new channels. The true idea of Christian life is that it should throw its influence into all the activities of the time, whatever they may be, and penetrate them all, and turn them all to holy uses. Nothing is secular but that into which men pnt secularity. The State is not secular in itself, and will become so only when the pulpit and the press abandon it wholly to worldly and unholy hands. The expectation that a religious journal, whose hiirh and special function, it is to look at all things that transpire in the world, in a reli giaus light, and to show the duties and re lations to them of Christians and the Church, should ignore the sublime and awful trans actions that are going on in our country, and limit itself "to. sweet devotional poetry" and "precious, experimental and spiritual ex tracts," Is puerile and preposterous. As suredly, while wo hold the editorial per, we j shall wield it with all the vigopthar we pos se.-,-. in vindication of Christian ethics, in their application alike to States and fami i lies, and to individuals. As-uredly no eva sive apologist for slaver}- and rebellion shall stay our band, by raising the cry of ' 'poli tics!' ' or even by the terrifying message— II Stop my paper?" Mojit earnestly do we recognize, and de sire to fulfil the function of ministering to the divine life in our readers' hearts, as the most solemn duty arid the highest privilege of the religious press. But a religious news paper is not a manual of devotion. It is to teach the truth and expose error. It is to be a guide in public opinion in ail matters where practical life involves religious prin ; eiple. II its friends concur with its enemies in the effort to keep it from exercising a moral and religious influence in the field of political life, and succeed in the attempt, then they will change journals into little pe . riodicai book-, which will uot. perhaps, cre i ate dissatisfaction among their patrons —if they shall have any—and will be perfectly satisfactory to all - those advocates of pre scriptive wrongs, who now hate their testi i mony and fear their power.— Episcopal Re- I crd. . ThEKE is a man out west who claims to cure disease by laying oh hands. That is hdthfng marvelou- We hive ourself. says fhe editor of the IbmrorWhig, when vonng hUn cured of moral obliquities bv the laying on of the parental hand—severely. BEDFORD. Pa.. FRIDAY, JULY 14, 1*65. A PIECE OF HISTORY. The Peace Conference at Hanpton Koails. Tbe Augusta (Georgia) Chronicle and Sentinel has published a detailed account of the conference held off Fortress Monroe last January, between President Lincoln and Secretary Seward on one side, and the three rebel commissioners on the it her. There seems good internal and other evidence for believing that this statement was prepared at the instance of Mr. Alexander H. Ste phens, who Is cited as authority by the pa- Eer. An inside view of thp affair, whieh as been constantly misrepresented and en veloped in mystery, th articty is an exceed ingly interesting one. Mr. Stephens says that: — "Mr. Davis stint for him to communicate the information that Mr. Biail desired a con fereace between the authorities of the Uni ted States and the Southern States upon the subject of peace, and his adncr- was asked. He promptly replied that if ley. Blair spoke by authority of President Lincoln, he most earnestly advised the conference, but that, as the terms of peace, if favorable to the South, would awaken anjry debate from the radical men of the North, and a failure to get terms but dishearten tur own people, he recommended, first, that me strictest secre cy lie used; second, that fae parties to the conference be President Lincoln an I Mr. Davis, and that Generals Grant and Lee be the only ones to even kuowfcf the meeting." This advice was disregarded, however, and the committee of three was appointed. Mr. Stephens gives an account of the inter view mainly like that given to foe public by the Union authorities. The following inci dent of the conference has not got into print before:— "Mr. Hunter insisted that the recognition of Davis's power to make a trea;y was the first and indispensable step to peaoe, and re ferring to the correspondence between King Charles the First and his Parliaaent gs a reliable precedent of a constitutional ruler treating with rebels. "Mr. Lincoln's face then wore that inde scribable expression which generall} prece ded his hardest hits, and he remarked: 4 1 pon questions of history I must refer you to Mr. Seward, for he is posted in such things, and I don't propose to be bright. My only distinct recollection of the matter, is, that Charles lost his head.' That settled Mr. Hunter for a while," "During the interview it appears that H untor declared that he had never enter tained any fears for his person or life from so mild a government as tnat of the United States. To which Mr. Lincoln retorted, that he aL hid felt easy as to the rebels, but not always so easy about the lamp-posts around Washington city—a hint that he had already done more favors for the rebels than was exactly popular with the radical men of his own party. "The amendment to the Constat ution abol ishing slavery was discussed. Mr. Lincoln suggested that there was a question as to the right of the insurgent states to return *t once and claim a right to vote upon the amendment, to which the concurrence of two-thirds of the States was required. "He stated that it would be desirable to have the institution of slavery abolished by the consent of the people as soon as possi ble—he hoped within six years- He also stated that Four hundred millions of dollars might be offered as a compensation to the owners, and remarked, 'You would be sur prised were I fo give you the names of those who favor that.' "Mr. Hunter said something about the inhumanity of leaving so many poor old ne groes and young children destitute by en couraging the able-bodied negroes to run away, and asked, what are they— the help less—to do? "Mr. Lincoln said that reminded him of an old friend in Illinois, who had a crop of potatoes and did not want lo dig them. So ne told a neighbor that he would turn in his hogs, and lot them dig them for them selves. But,' said the neighbor, The frost will soon be in the ground, and when the soil is hard frozen, what will they do then?' To whieh the worthy farmer replied. 'Let 'em root!' "Mr. Stephens said he supposed that was the origin of Root, Hog, or Die." and a fair indication of the future of the negroes. "Mr. Stephens came home," says the Chronicle, "with a new cause of sorrow, and those who said he talked of coining home to make war speeches and denounce the terms offered simply lied. Before Mr. Lincoln's death he thought he was doing a favor to him not to include that offer of four hun dred millions in gold for the Southern slaves, in the published report, for it would be used to the injury of Mr. Lincoln by those of his enemies who would talk about taxa tion and the debt. "Mr. Stephens has frequently expressed no apprehensions should the fortunes of war throw him into the hands of Mr. Lincoln, and said he would not get out of the way of a raid were it not for appearances, on ac count of the office he held. He spoke of Mr. Lincoln as an old friend who had gen erally voted with him in Congress, and who had a good heart and fine mind, and was undoubtedly honest. THE CANADA CONSPIRACY. The testimony whieh was first taken in the assassination ease has now been published. It is astounding. It establishes the com plicity of Davis and his Cauada agents in the murder of Mr. Lincoln, and entirelyjustifies the proclamation offering a reward for the apprehension of the chief conspirators. The plot of these wretches was much more ex tousive, however, than the murder of the heads of tbe Government It included burn ing the city of New York, cutting the Cro ton dam, and poisoning the Croton water. These men who, in their ferocious effort to overthrow the Government, were slaying thousands of loyal men in battle, were mean ing also to massacre the wives and children of these men at home. They claimed to be "gentlemen, to be "chivalrous," to ire honorable.'" Gentlemen assassins! Ohival ric poisoners! Honorable incendiaries! It was not enough to starve and freeze their hapless Union captives until they died, or went mad, or sunk into idiocy. They must heap infamy upon infamy. They must teach crimes deeper devilishness. and bar baritv. a more fiendish ferocity. All these things were done in the interest of slaver}'. To maintain slaver}' they rose in arms against the Government. To suVe slavery they starved our brave boys is prison. To revenge slaver}' they murdered Mr. Lin coln, and intended to poison the people of New York. It was slavery that made them first rebels and then assassins. For slavery imhrutes the master more than the slave, and its most repulsive product is the cruelty thinly veneered with courtesy, and called the "high-toned Southern gentility." We hope the readers of these startling disclosures, will notforget that Jacob Thomp son, Jefferson Davis, George N. Sanders, Beverly Tucker, Clement C. Clay* and the rest, who staid securely in Canada, and hir ed other and braver men to execute their villanies. have always professed to "demo crats" and friends of the people! Friends of what people? Of the hardworking people who live by their daily labor? Oh no! Those they meant to poison if" they eould. and in fect with yellow fever. The jreople who buy and sell other people were those of whom they were friends, and to whom thev them selves belonged. Is there a man so blind that he docs not see that the system which was the object of all the interest and efforts of those leaders was destructive of the rights of every poor man in the land? Injustice to any great mass of laboring men anywhere in a country, is in justice to all the laboring men in it. There is no plainer principle in human experience; and yet the party, to whieh these men be longed were constantly telling the poor work ing men at the North that it was for their interest to have the eolord race held as slaves at the South. They can sec now how much it was for their interest. These men took part in all elections, and because they were defeated rebelled. They gave the country the alternative either to be destroyed or to fight. The country chose the honorable course. It defended its life, and these men, by the war into which they forced the coun try. have laid upon it an everlasting sorrow and an enormous debt. Every cent of in creased taxation this country owes to the chiefs of' the rebellion, to the men whose chivalry chooses hunger, cold, poison, infec ted rags, and the murderer's pistol, as weapons of their "honorable'" warfare. And until their spirit —the same old spirit which controlled tnem when they were con spicuous in our politics—is cast out, the peace of this nation will be imperilled.— Sfafen bland Union. FREE DISCUSSION. It was a great mistake that we ever gave up the right of free speech and free discuss ion in the South— but it will be a still great er mistake if'we do not now, at onee resume it. The tyranny over opinion which the slaveholders so long exercised in the South ern States, forced Northern men into a habit ofsaying that in the free States which they were not permitted to say in the South. That is a habit we must get rid of as quickly as possible; and just now is a favorable op portunity to assert the right of free discuss ion in every Southern State. If we want public sentiments in those States to be turned in the right direction, our ablest speakers and writers must address the Southern people— not from a distance, but face to face. The New York paper or Boston sneaker reaches, at the best, only the few at the South who do not need light, but are confirmed lovers of darkness. The Southern masses need enlightenment, and they will not get it in this generation if they are left to themselves, or worse yet. to the planters. The: e should Ire, within ninety days, an able anti-slaver}' and loyal press in every considerable Southern city and centre: and there ought to be immediately f rined an association to send eloquent lecturers through every part of the South, to address masses of the people upon the questions which are of equal importance to them and to us. and to demonstrate to them the wisdom of equal rights, and the folly and mischief of discrim inating arbitrarily against any man on ac count of the color of his face. That is the speediest and the cheapest way to pacify the Southern rwutple, t.v win thfim_tri rijiht whj'k. to set the wheels of the local governments going in the right direction. Let no one say this is impossible; that such speakers would not be safe. President Johnson is a lever of free speech; he has known what it is to have this right denied, and to see false doctrines choked down the throats of people, and the exponents of right crushed down. He will support free discussion everywhere in the Union: and it would be a singular-thing indeed, if a loyal man could not speak as freely in any South ern State as Mr. Jobh Mitchell in New York. If it is necessary to guard a loyal speaker with a military force in the South, this ought lo be done and will be done; for the Southern people must learn — if they do not know it by this time — that every man has a right to sneak, and that the remedy for those who do not like a speaker's senti ments is not to listen to him. But we do not fear that any able loyal speaker will lack an audience in any part of the south. It is asserted by those who oppose negro suffrage, that the Southern whites are op posed to it. Take away this argument, and no one in the North will be so foolish as to offer opposition to the measure. We do not know what is the real opinion of the majority of the Southern whites on the sub ject. We doubt if any one does. We do know many Southern men who are strongly in favor of negro suffrage, and many others who desire to make all men voters yi their States who can read, be they white or black. But we beli ;ve it possible, with proper and -judicious efforts, such as we have spoken of above, to set the majority of the Southern people right upon this important question in a very short time. And in any effort for this purpose, we have this in our favor, that the loyal whites in every Southern State will favor general suffrage, perforce, to save themselves from falling under the con trol of their old and bitter enemies, the rebel leaders. — N. Y. Evening Post. IVAS IT EVER PARALLELED ? The year we are now pushing through, this eighteen hundred and sixty-five, stands out in grand, bold relief from all its prede cessors. a Star of the first magnitude in Time's constellation. It saw the eud of the imperious Slavehol der's Rebellion. It saw the end of American Slavery. Its earliest flowers covered the bier of a nation's murdered Hero. The sun and showers of its young months freshen the green grass over the martyr's grave. Its .Spring time witnessed the grandest funeral pageant tha' ever honored the dead, or graced the living. It saw a nation, Thirty millions strong, droj) scalding tears of sorrow on the tomb of their slaiu Chief. It saw the murderer's dishonored corpse sunk in an unknown place, ere the victim reached his grave. It saw a procession of grief struck mourn ers two thousand miles in length. it saw the Great Dead carried to his home by a Nation, in whose Funeral Train cities were pall-hearers, military chieftains the corpse watchers, high civic functionaries guardians of his Bier, great Imperial States chief mourners, millions of uncovered heads bowed in tearful grief as the mighty cortege wound its solemn inarch under the sun-lignt of day and the torch-light of uight, from the scene of active duty, to the quiet rest of an honest man's grave. It saw millions of a down trodden race lif ted to dignities and responsibilities of hu manity. It saw those millions bowed down, and their heads bent with grief as sorrowing as children feel at a father's grave. It saw Villages clothed in mourning, Towns draped in Death's ensigns, great Cit ies suspend their traffic, the busy marts of commerce hushed with the awe, while the Vo? 38: No. 29 silence of living Death covered with costly bages of woe, and the homes of the poor draped in the more simple and eloquent symbols of a People's sorrow. It heard holy ministers of Christ's Gospel speak words of peace for the murdered Dead, and comforting condolence for the liv ing. It heard the heart prayer of sincere mil hons for the rest of the departed, and that his death might not leave the nation in the utter darkness of desolation. It heard a nation of mourners chant sol emn dirges in accord with organ peals and the thunder of artillery, over the passing body of the nation's martyr. If respectful, manifest* sorrow for the dead, be any proof of civilization, then did Sixty-five witness a greater and more per fect civilization than any other child of Fa- j tlier Time. As the days of Sixty-five rolled into weeks and the weeks wheeled into months, the meredian of the year saw the people of" oth er lands meet in sorrow for the stneken na tion, hoard their grief utterances, saw their Aunointed Rulers bow their beads in awe of I sorrowing sympathy and for once a child of Time saw "A world in tears." Sixty-five saw in the mourned one the in carnation of Freedom-loving, Liberty-prac ticing people, this impersonation of capabil ities and possibilities of Institutions based on the voice of men echoing the voices of God in the recognition of human rights and manly duties, the Emancipator of a Race, and the Guarantor of their Liberties. It sat? in the "deep damnation his taking off the possibilities and capabilities of the barbaric system which the GREAT MARTYR had, with a pen mightier than a conquerer's sword, condemned to utter destruction. It saw the world old conflct between Lib erty and Slavery and in favor of Liberty regulated by Law. of Justice founded on Humanity, of Civilization based on Right Was it ever paralleled? SINCLAIR TOCSLEV. CHECKING PRES PI RATION. Edward Everett, the finished scholar, the accomplished diplomist, the orator, the statesman, the patriot, became overheated in testifying in a court room, on Monday morning, went to Faneuil Hall, which was cold, sat in a draft of air until his turn came to tpeak; "but mv hands and feet were ice, my lungs on fire. In this condition, I had to and spend three hoursin the court room." He died in less than a week from this check ing of the perspiration. It was enough to kill any man. Professor Mitchell, the gallant soldier, and tne most eloquent astronomical lecturer that has ever lived, while in a state of prespira tion in yellow fever, the certain sign of re covery, left his bed: went'into another room became chilled in a moment, and died the same night. If while perspiring, or while something warmer than usual, from exercise or a heat ed room, there is a sudden exposure in still ness, to a still, cold air, or to a raw, damp atmosphere, or to a draft, whether at an open window or door, or street corner, an inevitable result is a violent and instantane ous closing of the pores of the skin by which waste and impure matters, which were mak ing their way out of the system, are compel led to seek an exit through some other chan nel, and break through some weaker part, not the natural one, and harm to that part is the result. The idea is presented by say ing that the cold is settled in that part. To illustrate. A lady was about getting into a small boat to cross the Delaware: but wishing first to get an orange at a fruit stand, she ran up the bank of the river, and on her return to the boat found herself much heated, for it was summer; but there was a little wind on the water, and the clothing soon felt cold to her. The next morning she had a severe cold, which settled on her lungs, and within a year she died of consumption. A stout, strong man workinsr in a garden in May. Feeling a little tired about noon, he sat down in the shade of the house and fell asleep, lie waked up chilly. Inflam mation of the lungs followed, ending, after two years of great suffering, in consumption. On opening his chest, there was such an ex tensive decay that the yellow matter was scooped out by the cupful. Multitudes of women lose health and life every year, in one of two ways: by busying themselves in a warm kitchen until weary, and then throwing themselves on a bed or sofa without covering, and perhaps in a room without fire; or by removing the outer clothing, and perhaps changing the dress for a more common one, as soon as they enter the house after a walk or a shopping. The rule should be invariably to get at once to a warm room and keep on .-ill the cloathing at least tor five or ten minutes, until the for bead is perfectly dry. In all weathers, if you have to walk or ride on any occasion do the riding first MEN FIND THEIR OWN LEVEE. The flattery with which our assembled working classes are apt to be served, un doubtedly contributes to keep many content to make no higher attainments. If they are not received with open arms by the edu cated and refined, they attribute it to their occupation, not to themselves: to the unrea sonable pride and prejudice 01 others, not to their own deficiency. But water is not the only thing that will find its own level. Ge nius, wit, learning, ignorance, coarseness, are each attracted to its like. Two painters wore overheard talking in the room where they were at work. 'Lord!' said one, 'I knowed him well when he was a boy. Used to live with his gran'ther next door to us.— j Poor as .Job's turkey, but ain't seen him j since, till I hoarn hint in hall, t'other night. Don't suppose he would come anigh me now with a ten fout pole. Them kind of folks have short memories, ha! ha! Can't tell who a poor working-man is nohow.' No, no, good friend, but it is not poverty. To say that it is, is only away you have of flattering your self-love! For, if you watch those who frequent your friend's house, you find many a one whq lives in lodgings, with the commonest two-ply carjiets, cane seat chairs, and one warm room; while you have a comfortable house of your own, with very likely tapestry and velvet in your parlor, and register all about. No air, it is not because you are poor, nor because you work, for he is as hard a worker as you, though, perhaps, not so long at it, but because —begging your pardon —you are vulgar, and ignorant; be cause you sit down in your sitting room at home with your coat off, and hat on, and smoke your pipe,—because you plunge your own knife into the butter, and your own fork into the toast, having used both in your eating with equal freedom, because your voice is loud, your tongue swaggering, and your grammar hideous; because, in short, your two paths from the old school house diverged; his led upward, yours did not; and the fault is not hi*, you both chose. He : chose to cultivate his powers, you chose not j to do mi. Call things by their right names. Gail Hamilton. j ■ id mlirminTlM-i iIHI ni- ■ • THE CIJLTIRE OF FISHES. The cultivation of fishes is attracting much attention, and deservedly, in not only this, but in many European countries, as a means of increang the amount of food for the million at a low figure. A few years since nobody thought of breeding fishes, and now nearly the whole world is talking about it The culture of fishes owes its ori gin to a humble but verv intelligent man, .John Remy, eFrench fisherman, an unedu cated man, without aw instructor, adviser or patron, who succeeded by dint of pene tration and perseverance in conducting the problem of raising fishes to an almost com plete solution. M. Milne Edwards, in a re port on this science to the Academy of science, declares that Remy, with his co-la borer, Gehin, has the merit of having "ere ated a new industry in France; Mr. Geof frey St. Hilaire, the great naturalist, did not hesitate to pronounce the humble fisherman of the Vosges, one of the "benefactors of his country." Yet this man, whojhad crea ted a new industry and became one of the benefactors of France, died in a condition bordering on destitution, leaving a widow, four daughters and two sons unprovided for. But be it said to the credit of the French, immediately after his death a sub scription for their relief was opened, and the wants of the family provided for. Some time since attention was directed to this branch of science by a paper from the United States Patent Office, wherein it sug gested that many new varieties of fishes might easily be introduced into the waters of this country, by means oftransferringthe spawn from one locality to another The mullet of the Garonne, and also the sardine might be valuable in the Potomac, or rivers alike to it._ The golden carp, now tolerably abundant in the Hudson, was accidentlv in troduced by the breaking away of a dam. After the opening of comniunicat ion be tween the Hudson and Lake Erie, efjb and other fishes, previously unknown to the wa ters of the Lake, made their appearance there, and at this time exist in abundance. It has been suggested, and the suggestion is worthy of thought and action, that officers of the navy, employed in service upon for eign coasts, might receive instructions from the department to collect varieties of foreign fish. Fishes are among the most bountiful pro visions of Providence for our support; they require no feeding, they multiply spontane ously, they are highly nutritious, and pos sess a variety of flavor. How deep a debt of gratitude do we owe for the nutritious blue fish and bass, and the Yankee for the institution of the cod fish. They are not only transmutable into bone and muscle, but the occupation of catching them is alike profitable, pleasant and healthy. We have an especial regard for the mackerel, also, and never see a pink-steraed schooner on a cruising ground without a thrill cf respect. And what would life be worth without oys ters and clams? And does not the mouth water at the very mention of trout? No one has ever drawn from its native element one of these delicious fish, with "a line as delicate as the finest hair from the tresses of a mountain sylph," can forget the enthusi asm with which he beheld the silver rain falling from the spotted back of his glitter ing victim, as he waved it from the uplifted rod. Talk of the ambrosia of the Olympi an deities—talk of ortolians and perigord pies—why, they are poor and tasteless in comparison to a trout fresh caught in a sil ver stream of the granite hills! Let then every exertion conducive to the cultivation of fishes be made by all means. We cannot have too many varieties in our abounding waters. — N. 1" limes. NATURAL HISTORY-THE COPPER HEAD. This curious animal is a native of North America, and is found in all parts of the Union, as well as in New Jersey, Swanaev and Marlow. Large numbers have also emi grated to Canada where they thrive very well, notwithstanding the contemptin which they are held by the inhabitants. Specimens have been senn in Europe, but they are pro bably carried thither by nobles for curiosities. The copperhead as it now exists is of recent origin, being a hybrid produced by a 'cross' between a Southern rebel and a Northern dough-face, but animals of the same genius have existed in all ages of the world, and Agassiz is said to have discovered petrified remains of one in the formation of tne Sau rian period. From its form and talent of mimicry it has been supposed by some tc belong to the monkey tribe, but this has been zealously opposed by the friends of the latter as being disparaging to the monkey. In form it very much resembles the human species. The male is from five to six feet in height, gen erally of dirt color, and when none have been cut off to avoid the draft, has five toes and five claws at the extremity of each fore paw or ami It is blustering and frothy, but cow ardly. The female is smaller, but vicious and sav age. She generally has rings in her ears, and beard 011 her upper lip. Her bite is poisonous and deadly. We have heard of no instance in which one has been success fully tamed. The copperhead is naturally a clumsy ani mal, but when nearly cornered by an oppo nent, it leaps from position to position with wonderful agility. It is generally a biped, but just before election it becomes a centi pede. It feeds upon offal and the bodies of dead patriots, which accounts for its joy when the Union armies have been defeated and large numbers of soldiers slain. Some attempts have been made to make use of tha copperhead in tbe present war, but though it will travel northward, (towards Canada) no means have been found to induce him southward, which is probably owing to the fear of the negro. But next to the dog, the male copperhead is probably the most intel ligent of the animal creation. He can be taught to chop wood, chew tobaccs, and even vote and hold office. ADVICE TO YOUNG PEOPLE. —Keep good company or none. Never be idle. It your hands cannot be usefully employed attend to the cultivation of your mina. Always speak the truth. Make few promises. Live up to your engagement. Keep your own secrets, if you nave any. When you speak to a person, look him in the face. Good compa ny and good conversation are the very sinews of virtue. Good character is above any thing eke. Your character cannot be essen tially injured, except by your own acts. If any one speaks exil of you, let your life be so that no one will believe him. Drink no kind of intoxicating liquors. Ever live (misfor tunes excepted) within youi income. When you retire to bed, think over what you have been doing during tbe day. Make no haste to be rieh ; if you would prosper. Small and steady gains give competency, with tranquil ity of mind. Never play at any game of chance. Avoid temptation, though you fear you may not withstand it. Earn money before you spend it. Never run into debt unless you see away to get out of it. Do not marry until you are able to support a wife. Never speak evil of any one. Be just, before you are generous. Keep your self innocent, if yon would be happy. Save when you are young, that you may spend when you are old. Read over the above maxims at least once a week. VIRGINIA OPINIONS of BCCHANAN.— The Petersburg Noes, of Monday, says that 'James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, is in a greater degree responsible for the late rebel lion than any man that lives." REV. DR. PALMER, formerly of New Or lenns, and so notorious for his defense of sli i u-' a divine institution, is now en ikiisorjiu t forma colony to emigrate to Biaaii, The country can apare him. aatdbfSliiesr %m — mamm
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers