Deworwaic atcha. -— TR Bellefonte, Pa., August 21, 1931. | Your He alth THE FIRST CONCERN, | i ANFANT PARALYSIS TAKES VARIOUS FORMS The following article on infantile paralysis was prepared for the New York American by the Medical In- formation Bureau of the New York Academy of Medicine. It represents | the consensus of opinion of experts ‘who have devoted many years to the study of the disease. Poliomyelitis, or infantile paral- | ysis, is a disease appearing in sev- aral forms. There is a mild form, which is called abortive. In this form the cases do not lead to paralysis. There are several other forms which vary in their intensity and in the suddenness of onset. A discus- sion of these different forms will prove of little profit to the lay per- son. On the other hand, of the early symptoms may help in the early recognition of the disease. A child previously in good, if not perfect health, when attacked by the poliomyelitis virus, first presents the common symptoms of an acute in- fectious disease of childhood. Fever is practically always present. The child is restless, has diarrhea and ‘vomiting. The tonsils and the lin- ‘Ing of the mouth are markedly red- ‘dened and inflamed. The parents should not take it | upon themselves to make a diag. nosis of the disease, but when a child | heretofore well shows evidence of illness, medical help should be called | for. Diagnosis, being the business | of the physician, should be left to “him. | There is no specific treatment avail- | able today for infantile paralysis, if by specific treatment we have in mind something akin to diphtheria “anti-toxin. Nor has medical science as yet evolved any preventive treat- ment against infantile paral such, for gxhmple, as we today for the pre on of small Hor the prevention of diphtheria. On the other hand, the physician is not entirely helpless. Though still in the experimental stage, we do have human immune serum as well | a cataloging | 1 ve or as a horse serum for poliomyelitis. | ‘The full effectiveness of either of | as yet been | these agents has not fully demonstrated, a num- these sera experimentally and clinic- ally are favorably impressed with their effectiveness. One attack of poliomyelitis con- fers complete immunity, both “humans and in paralysis has a neutralizing effect upon the virus causing the disease. Treatment also must be left to ‘the expert. Where, unfortunately, paralysis has “Set in, much can be done to mini- ‘mize its extent by proper palliative ‘treatment. During the period of recovery, there is practically always a tendency for the paralysis to les- ‘sen. The degree of recovery varies, of course, but with time practically all cases tend to improve. Orthopedic care will help to pre- vent deformity and to lighten the handicaps under which the victims of infantile paralysis are obliged to live. CEREALS—ENERGY FOODS Dr. Morris Fishbein The cereals are primarily energy foods. They provide a high caloric intake, but need to be supplemented by milk and by other foods in order to serve the needs of the living or- | ganism. The cereals constitute the main portions of the diet of most of the people in the world. They are usually digestible, although certain heavy breads, such as pumpernickel, are digested with difficulty. Rice is one of the cereals which constitute a a tremendous portion of the diets of human beings. A cer- tain disease known as beriberi is due to the fact that the rice has been polished. Polishing rice re- moves the vitamin B. There are various forms of nervous and diges- tive disorders which are associated with an absence of vitamin B from the diet. Most of the cereals are rich in ‘carbohydrates. For example, three tablespoonfuls of farina, weighing ‘about 27 grams, will contain three grams of protein, one-half gram fat and 21 grams of carbohydrates. Grapenuts, puffed wheat, puffed rice, shredded wheat and wheatena all have about the same composition. Three tablespoonfuls of any of these cereals will provide 100 cal- ories to the y, a very small amount of phosphorus, little if any "wheat products, some calcium. All of them will provide vitamins A. and B, except that the polished “rice products contain relatively little if any of these vitamins. Thus, the ‘cereals are energy producers and weight builders, as are all fqods rich in carbohydrates. The diet of the growing child should be relatively rich in cereals for the same reason. The development of the prepared breakfast foods has done much to ‘add variety to the cereal diet. By means flavor and tapility may be supplemented inc “It must be remembered also that ‘the cereals are usually supplemented with milk, cream and sugar and that Thess Serve to add to their food ue. The proteins of the cereal foods ' has the | Frank Lockhart as RIGHTS OF MOTORISTS ON RIGHT OF ROAD. ——— i “Right of way” is defined by the | Pennsylvania Code as “the privilege of the immediate use of the high- way." | Although it is known hat two motor vehicles cannot occupy same space at the same time, without ser- lous consequences to both, motorists | continue to assert rights they may or may not possess. The amended Vehicle Code sets certain rules of procedure which, if followed, should greatly reduce the number of casual- ties ascribed to violation of the “right of way.” The rule that “the car on the right right of way” when two au. tomobiles approach an intersection at the same time remains unchanged in general application to operation of motor vehicles. There are, how- ever, certain exceptions that should be thoroughly understood by every driver. i The exceptions are: 1. Any vehicle traveling at un- lawful speed forfeits the right of way. 2. Any vehicle approaching an in- tersection from any direction must yield the right of way to a vehicle turning left within the intersection, provided the driver of the turning vehicle has given the proper signal to all vehicles approaching on the highway: 3. The driver of a vehicle entering upon a highway from a private road or drive shall yield the right of way to all vehicles approaching the high- way: 4. Drivers shall yield the right to police and fire department vehicles and ambulances’ when such vehicles are operated upon official business. 5. Vehicles entering a “through “highway” or “stop” intersection shall yield the right of way to all vehicles approaching in either direc- tion on such “through” highway. 6. Pedestrians within a cross walk in a business or residential district have the right of way over all ve- hicles, except when traffic is regu- lated by police officers or traffic sig- S 7. Vehicular traffic must yield the right of way to pedestrians within the cross walk when the signal changes. 8. Pedestrians shall yield the right | of way to motor vehicles when cross- | ing a highway at any point other than a cross walk. | WILL GLEASON OR FRAME WIN ON LABOR DAY? Just who will be the tenth auto | race driver to win the Altoona Speed- | way auto races, will be decided the afternoon of Labor day, Monday, September 7, on the only board track in America where championship | speed events are held under Ameri- can Automobile Association sanction. | There have been 15 championship | races at Altoona since the track | first opened in the fall of 1923 and | | | | ber of physicians who have studied Cade Jigar Sea the first race. the late Jimmy | races in 1924 only to |five days after he won won three times, | Murphy won both | the second meet death, | of his victories, on the Syracuse mile | | two-time victor, well as Billy Arnold, who took both victories in |dirt track; Peter De Paolo was a | Hearne, Bob McDonough and Dave | Lewis were solo victors as was Lou Moore, who won the recent July 4 race. Moore was operated on for appendicitis July 16 and it would only be by a miracle that he could be driving on Labor day. De Paolo won in June, 1925, and 1927; McDonough in Septem- ber, 1925; Lewis in June 1926; Lock- hart in the Labor day races of 1926 ‘and 1927; Meyer in the lone Augus! ‘race, run in 1928 and both the June and August races of 1929. With Arnold convalescing from his Indianapolis Speedway accident Moore an unknown quantity because of his recent operation no pres- | ent indication from him that he will 'be in the running Labor day, early dope points to Jimmy Gleason, sec- ‘ond place winner July 4 or Fred | Frame, second |dianapolis, as favorites to cop the (Second 1931 race at the Altoona | speedway. | June, | ———————— NEW PLAN PROPOSED FOR ASSESSING FARMS, | To improve the rural tax situation (two methods for getting more uni. | form assessments have been est- ed, says Dr. F. P, Weaver, head of | the department of agricultural eco- Somied at the Pennsylvania State ege. Since selling values must be deter. from time to time on the of such sales as occur, it is important that some individual be responsible for accumulating data on all sales that occur in the county, 80 that these data may be used as a basis for determi assessments all over the county in the triennial assessment period. Tax authorities throughout the United States are practically unanimous that this could be done best by a county assessor would apply the | WO a eé same measuri stick of ne all over the = In the other method the local as- Sessor is retained, but his work is subject to review by a local com- mittee of school directors and road Supervisors working in cooperation with the county commissioners. This local committee, being acquainted with property in point out inequalities in assess- ments and have these corrected be- fore the commissioners, school boards, and road supervisors accept them as a hasis for levying taxes. are not sufficient to serve alone as body builders’ for most people, and are best supplemented wi proteins from meat and milk products. The muscle meats do not provide much more in the way of die ties than do the cereals supplemented with calcium sodium and with the various vitamins. | | place winner at In. of assessors, who | | | | | | i i i i { i | cilitating barter, he would tender the Foohition Money Salt Merchant of Morocco, Whose Sait 1s Also Used for Mcney. (Prepared by the National! Geographie Soclety, Washington, D. C.) THIOPIA (Abyssinia), which has hitherto got along without a money of its own, is taking steps toward establishing a currency and coinage system on a gold basis, Most of the citizens are now using for thelr purchases bars of salt, rifle cart- ridges, and even empty bottles and tin cans. The money necessary in in- ternational dealings has been fur nished in limited supply by Maria Theresa Thalers, introduced a number of years ago from Austria, and by a small amount of paper money issued by a branch of the National Bank of Egypt established In Addis Ababa, cap- Ital of Ethiopia. This bank is to be purchased by the Ethiopian govern- ment as a first step in its program to Set up a currency and coinage system. When Ethiopia issues her first bank notes and certificates, these bits of inked paper will represent the latest link in the very long chain of the evo- lution of money. In earliest times man traded or bartered one product or arti 'e for another. But the need for a common denominator of value hecame apparent even with the first glimmerings of civilization. The skins of animals served In this way when man was stil! a hunter, while shells hecame the first money of tribes living near the sea. When man settled down and became an agriculturist or a herdsman, grain and cattle came Into use as his measures of values. The ox was “big money,” the sheep “small change.” There were certain disadvantages in using live stock as money. For one thing, it might walk away In the night; for another, it consumed much provender. There were difficulties about very small change for the pur- chase of such edibles as kettles of fish and messes of pottage. The human geography of the Near East, which had been pastoral, about this time got an Industrial urge. A way had been found of extracting a metal from the earth of the island of Cyprus, handily set In the eastern Mediterranean. The Romans later twisted the name of this sland in such a way that the modern word *copper” was derived from it. How Copper Became Money. Copper pots began to appeal, and, like cattle, were universally prized. Merchants would exchange whatever they had In their stalls for copper pots, and the demand for them was more nearly universal than for any other object. The copper pot was, *herefore, money. Then Into this region came one im- bued with an idea of Importance. In- stead of presenting pots for use in fa- copper of which they were made. He would offer it in a convenient form, made up into a strip which he called obolus. No definite idea of its size survives, but it was sald that six made a handful. The obolus marked a great advance toward the use of coin. The scene shifted to the west. Italy, 4s it awoke from barbarism, adopted a unit of copper as a measure of value, It called the unit as, a Roman pound of 12 unciae, or ounces, and ft came Into general use. Copper served the purpose of money because of its Intrinsic value. The as had the value of a pound of cop- per. Human nature being the same then as now, it soon came to pass that people made the as In a weight a little less than a pound and profited to the extent of the metal thus saved, They learned to mix certain quantities of baser and cheaper metals with the cop- per and thelr currency deteriorated. Thus a step toward the develop- ent of actual money was forced on the nations. Governing powers found it necessary to step Into the breach, to test metals used as money, to put thelr stamps guaranteeing quality and welght upon them, and by this avenue copper coins arrived. As the centuries passed In the Medi- (erranean area, copper became plenti- ful and its purchasing power de creased. Rome was getting much of the earth Jf Cyprus. Thus it developed that an uverage householder of ancient Rome, guing to market to buy for a feast day, would need to pack a donkey to bear the weight of the copper for his shop- ping. The metal came to be too bulky In proportion to its value. Yet it held its place until another metal appeared that better served money purposes That metal was silver. The map ot the civilized world was expanding Spain had begun to produce, Civilization moved westward and Charlemagne established an empire of the French in the Eighth century on a sllver standard. He formally de creed that the pound of silver should he the basle measure of value, and a continent accepted his edict. So it happens that in France today the | word argent means “money,” althougt its literal significance Is “silver.” Money of England. Money history began to be written In another geographical area. The | "THE Cheapest THING WE BUY AT *379 A MONTH” MY husband and I often remark on the great amount of electric service we receive for the small amount it costs us. We feel absolutely certain that electricity is the very cheapest thing around our home. For, in addition to plenty of good light . . . we have the use of an electric refrigerator, washer, sweeper and our electric iron. Yet our bill comes to only about $8.79 in an average month. That's for 48 invaluable kilowatt hours!—Mrs. F. A. (a West Penn customer). In addition, Mrs. F. A. could enjoy all of the advantages of electric cooking by using about 130 more kilowatt hours. Since she is already using 48 kilowatt hours, the added kilowatt hours would cost her $3.55. This total of 178 kilowatt hours, at 97.34, in 1923 would have cost her $14.68. It is our policy not only to decrease the cost of current step step with increased consumption, but also to reduee the rate whenever it is possible. English began to talk of the “pound” | In designating a money unit. This ir the silver pound of Charlemagne. Originally 240 pennies were made from the pound of silver, and although the pound (sterling) has become a ineasure of value and not of weight, the relation to the old value standard continues—240 pence to the pouns | (sterling). The English word “shilling” has a geographical origin that is quite differ- ent. It was first used by the blonde barbarians of the North. These war- riors and their opponents were given | to wearing rings and arm bands made of silver or gold. rings of the slain were highly prized by the victors, and were gathered and | properly distributed by an official who had charge of this division of spalls, He was known as the ring-breaker and was actually the first treasury officia’ of these northern tribes. The rings were so made that they broke up Into bits of a somewhat uni- form size. One fragment was called a “schillingas.” In the North it was an early form of money, and from It came the shilling, so dear to the Eny lish heart today. The world was short of actual mon. ey from Caesar to Columbus. was little progress during that long stretch and there appears to be some soundness In the theory that the ab- sence of a circulating medium of suffi- cient quantity to make development possible was, in part, the reason for the stagnation. Yet, despite its scar- city, money events were taking place about the map of Europe and seem. In retrospect, to have been in prepars tion for the coming of better days. Origin of the Dollar. Toward the end of the time of short age there appeared in the Interior of medieval Europe an Individual who was to write a chapter of money his tory that has come down strangely In- to modern times, and to give a new na- tion of the West a currency unit that was to have a profound effect. This man made the first dollar in all the world, and gave it a name—which, though the etymology Is not apparent at a glance, becomes upon examination the lineal ancestor of the word “do lar.” The count of Schlick, for such was his title, dwelt in St. Joachimsthal (Joachim’s Dale), a mining region of Bohemia. The patron saint of the community was St. Joachim, Here the count of Schlick, in 151, appropriated a silver mine, As his re- tainers took out the precious metal, the master laid his finger to his tem- ple and considered the purpose to Which he should put it. He must have & man of perception, for he seemed to realize that he dwelt in n money-hungry world, and that his sil- ver would serve best if made Into coin. At any rate, he devised a new one all his own. On Its face a a reproduction of St. Joachim, and it was named after that personage and the community which gave it birth— Joachimsthaler. It was the first dol- lar, Now note the evolution of the wora “dollar” from this, its polysyllable an- cestor. When the Joachimsthaler found its way into medieval Germany It was warmly welcomed. A practi cal people, however, soon tired of the length of its name, and by a Judteclous dropping of syllables ft became the “thaler.” The word in that form stil! survives In Germany, When the thaler passed into th. Netherlands its pronunciation was somewhat changed. Ther it was called the “daler.” Then It crossed to Eng- land, where, by use of the broad "ye daler became “dollar.” Under this modified name and geographically transplanted, the Joachimsthaler of the count of Schiick has grown and prospered. After battles the | There | WEST PENN POWER COMPANY | | Teacher: “If there were | Mrs. Jones and the baby, how many | were thre?” Johnny: ““There were two and one to carry. blican t, subject to Mr. Jones, | pu ticke blast i the Repu De held September 15 1881 Blinks—“Times have ed.” Jinks—“T'll say. It used to be when a man was run down he took a tonic, now he takes an ambu- lance.” | = | —————————— ——————————— —If you see it in the Watchman you will know it's true. i We | I hereby announce If a cand! | Pullip | for the nomination for | | County, subject to the decisi | | en _ rotors ot. the jrimary | ? ' SINIE H. HOY | ! | We are auth to that | | John AM. Boob, “of Millpeia ounce a for nomination for | Centre ty on the | subject to the | the party as | to be » September 15, 1931. ! —— aw Ed . FO . 4 Cy Eg w : JUSTICE OF THE PEACE. We are authorized to announce of Keichline, of Bellefc a candidate for the 4 g Rs i 55 | | i i d it kf g R | oA 5 ad = a bee I i ; i } p 3 ny a g 5 8 a a i Bs bring your Hugh M. Quigley Temple Gourt, Bellefonte, Pa. ALL FORMS OF Dependable Insurance
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers