———————————————————————— Se mee Beworali iatds Bellefonte, Pa., August 21, 1925. Great Painters Used Eggs to Mix Colors Many pictures which pass as oll paintings were not done With oil at all, according to the directors of the Foss Art museum at Harvard. As early as the Twelfth centvry eggs were used for mixing paint in Italy and for hundreds of years painters all over Europe did their work with pig: ments so made. The white of the eggs replaced vegetable gums as 2 binding me- dium for many of the pigments; often the white and yolk were mixed with water and fig juice, forming a tem- pera, from which fine colors were ground and laid on white plaster-cov- ered surfaces. In the perfection of the art the yolk alone was used, and the quality of that article wag closely examined. A manuscript from the Fifteenth cen- tury, directs that “for the faces of young people you shall use the yolk of the egg of a city hen, as it is light- er and less red in color than the yolk of the egg of a country hen.” The rivalry between city and coun- try hens in the Fifteenth century in Italy is sald to have been intense. During the intervening centuries this has fallen off greatly, owing to inter- marriage, and the joint descendants of those early families now unite en- thusiastically in welcoming American tourists to the scenes of their ances- tors’ triumphs, The white of an egg was used for gilding to hold the gold-leaf on pan- els and frames. The yolk and white were often mixed with colors for put- ting the finishing touches on fresco paintings. Mixture of egg, oil and varnish were used in glass painting; the women of the Renaissance favored the use of egg in the decoration of their dresses, and painting with egg adorned the finest furniture. It is said that in Russia the use of eggs persisted long after the introduc- tion of oil, as it was considered more appropriate to the representation of the Trinity than a man-made product. The art of egg painting reached its perfection in Italy in the Fifteenth century, and, having reached it, van- ished. Nothing in the history of art is more striking than the fall of tem- pera painting, which, having spent 300 to 400 years in achieving completion, died of its own perfection. Excellent Idea Is Umbrella “Exchange’ Brussels appears to be the only city which has a well-organized umbrella- borrowing bureau. The annual sub- scription is low, but if every umbrella- user were to join such a society, its income would be enormous. The idea Is rather similar to that in force at the British museum, Na- tional gallery and other public insti- tutions, where you are required to de- posit your “gamp” before being al- lowed to go round the galleries. You get a ticket of metal, or a bone disk, which will redeem your umbrella at any time; only, in the case of the um- brella exchange, the umbrella is not your own, but the property of the so- clety. Each member, on paying his sub- geription, receives a token, usually ot metal stamped with an index number, which he carries in his pocket instead of an umbrella in his hand. When caught by the rain, all he has to do is to go to one of the society’s agen- cles, which are tobacco shops, restaur- ants and big stores, and hand over the token, to be immediately provided with an umbrella. When the rain ceases the borrower deposits his umbrella in the next agency he happens to pass, and In exchange receives another counter. Bird Census Takers In all civilized countries where game is being protected there are trained men employed in taking the census of the various birds and other protected wild game. In the United States and Canada the preserve war- dens ‘do the work with the aid of com- petent helpers. The task Is a patience- trying one. In Europe the count is actual, just as when a human census is taken, but in the United States it is largely by estimate. In this way re- lable figures are obtained, as for in- stance the statement that in Peru may be found 4,000,000 llamas. Confess—But What? He was consulting his lawyer, more in a personal than in a professional way. “I don’t know what to do, John,” he said. “My wife has received an anonymous letter exposing some things I was mixed up Ingbefore we were married.” The lafryer spoke from much experience. “Bill,” he sald, “there's ondy one thing to do—con- fess.” ¢That would be all right, John,” sald the worried husband, “if ghe would let me take a look at the letter or tell me what's In it. As it is I don’t know what to confess.” - Right to Salute Bride Kissing the bride appears to have been an old Scottish custom, according te which “the ‘person who "presided ower the marriage ceremony uniformly claimed it as his inalienable privilege to have a smack at the lips of the bride immediately after the perform ance ef his official duties,” for it wat cannily belleved that the happiness of every bride lay involved in the pastoral kigs—Doris Blake in Baltimore Sun. — Td” "HAE Plants That Protect Coasts From the Sea In the struggle to defend our coasts from sea encroachments, seaside au- thorities have no better allies than the hardy tamarisk and shrubby sea blite. These useful plants are as effective in protecting the lonely stretches of our slrores as stout sea walls and far-flung groynes, says a writer in London Tit- Bits. Take, for example, Shoreham, on the Sussex coast. This town was seriously affected by the incoming tides until it was found that the loose shingle that fringes the sea could be bound into a resisting mass by the ex- tensive planting of tamarisk, a hardy little plant whose only réal enemy is severe frost. On the Norfolk coast the same method is adopted, but there the shift- ing shingle is bound with shrubby sea blite, which grows waist high and cov- ers large areas of the coast. The more this plant is ill-treated the stouter it flourishes. Occasionally a violent storm will result in the shrubs being com- pletely embedded in fresh shingle thrown up by the waves. This, in reality, Is an advantage, as the plant puts forth new shoots that bind the fresh stones, still further strengthen- ing the land rampart. “Sports” a Century Ago Not of Highest Order Public entertainments in London a hundred or more years ago were more of a sporting than of a dramatic or musical type. In the Observer of a date of 1825 appeared a full report of a dog fight, at the Westminster pit, at which “fifty personages of rank” were among the spectators, and whereat also his grace, the king's rat catchgr, entered the arena with a cage contain- ing ninety rats thatya dog named Billy killed seriatim in seven minutes and thirty seconds. Another article recorded that Mr. Wombwell, the proprietor of a lion named Nero, had built a den, ten feet high and fifty-seven feet in circumfer- ence, in which a contest a outrance between his pet and six dogs was to take place in June. Still another chronicled the melancholy fact that “John Smith, who was matched to eat a pair of men’s shoes in fifteen min- utes at the Half-Moon tap, Leadenhall market, has broke down in training, having been seized with indigestion.” Spot That Made History The bridge over the River Adda at Lodi, Italy, is famous as the scene of a terrible contest between the French under Bonaparte and the Austrians under Beaulieu, May 10, 1796. The Austrians were strongly intrenched on the opposite bank of the Adda and their formidable artillery swept the bridge, but Bonaparte, charging at the head of his grénadiews, bayoneted the cannoneers at their guns and drove the defeated Austrians into the mountains of the Tyrol. As a result of this vic- tory, Milan capitulated to Bonaparte a few days later. This battle is frequent- ly spoken of as the “Terrible Passage of the Bridge of Lodl” It was Bona- parte’s first important victory over the Austrians, and, as he afterward de- clared, kindled the first spark of his ambition.—Kansas City Star. The Fly Flew An art critic, speaking of the virtues of this painting and the faults of that one, finally came to a picture in the gallery and said: “Now, you see in this picture the artist has not learned his trade—it lacks technique and un- derstanding. His trees seem to have no form; they do not stand up; the grass has no roots. His clouds look like bits of paper stuck on the canvas. And here you see he has resorted to a trick to catch the public eye and has attempted to paint a fly. Now, I would not object to the fly, had he been able to draw better and make it look like a fly. This fly looks like a lump of mud and has not the character of a fiy.”: At this point the fly, having tired of the critic's rambling, took wing and flew away. Nature of Pinchbeck This is the name of an alloy of copper and zine and was so called from its inventor, a London watch- maker who died in 1732, Pinchbeck made cheap jewelry from this alloy which had the appearance and luster of gold, although the counterfeit could easily be detected by its weight be- fag less than that of gold and its want of resonance. The most common pinchbeck consists of about 10 or 15 per cent of zinc and the remainder copper—although tin is sometimes also added. The word “pinchbeck” is fre- quently applied to anything which is counterfeit or spurious. For instance, Anthony Trollope says: “Where in these pinch beck days can we hope to find the old agricultural virtue in all its purity.”—Exchange. There Were Others The young man hesitatingly entered her father’s presence. With a prelimi- pary clearing of the throat and a nerv- ous twitch of his fingers, he said: “I have come to ask you if I may marry your daughter, Gertrude.” “You may,” sald the father, prompt- ly, as he passed the cigars. “And now that you're in the family, may I take you into my confidence?” “Why—er—" exclaimed the happy man. “Well, my boy,” sald his future fa- ther-infaw, “I just want to say that @8 you pass around among your friends I wish you'd get#some of them ex- cited ‘about Margaret, Dorothy, Bella and Nancy. And put a couple of cigars in yonz pocket.” Great Artist Reached Helping Hand to Many When a man becomes so eminent that he is in a class quite by himself legend springs up all around him and everything that he says is quoted and handed about, Edwin H. Blashfield writes in the North American Review. It is noteworthy indeed that among all the stories not one has ever been to John Singer Sargent’'s disadvan- tage. Modest he was and generous to his fellows, delicately considerate and magnanimous. When Carroll Beckwith, one of the mest intimate friends of his youth, died, his widow told me that John, as she always called Sargent, retouched for her many of Carroll's studies to put them in more finished and sale- able condition, and when Abbey's hand wag arrested in the midst of his decorative work for the Pennsylvania | capitol at Harrisburg Sargent hurri- edly made a long journey to superin- tend the completion of some of the panels, superintending, nota bene, with a careful avoidance of person- ally touching a brush to the canvas. Wise he was, too, as to theory, and valiant as to principle; In the days of reactionaries he was a progressive and when the race for notoriety at any price began he was a conserva- tive. In one of his letters to me he declares that, as for himself, as he grows old he is “becoming rather wroud of being called pompier.” Must Risk Life to Look From Mountain Do you know that the weather is manufactured on a huge rock on Look- out mountain, Chattanooga, Tenn., and not at Medicine Hat or Washington as we have always supposed? The weath- er rock is a giant slab of peculiar shape projecting from the mountain top far over the green valley 2,900 feet below. It is necessary to crawl out on hands and knees to look over the edge, but the view is well worth the peril. Farms, villages, white high- ways, wooded hills and winding rivers are so far below the adventurous spec- tator that the country looks like a flat map done in emerald and silver, much as it does from an airplane. It takes fron nerves and a clear and steady brain to peer over the dizzy verge, even lying flat on one’s stomach—a simple slip means certain death, as there is not so much as a blade of grass to hold on by, only the smooth gray rock and loose pebbles, which roll at a touch and give one the sickening sen sation of sliding toward the edge. Stranger Guessed Well A captious traveler in northern Ar- kansas stopped by a fence to criticize a near cornfield, which met his disap- proval. “Mighty small corn you have there!” he Shouted to the man who | was “superintending the growth” froo a shady corner. “Yes,” said the Arkansan, the small kind.” “Looks mighty yellow to me for this time of year.” “Yes. Planted the yellow kind.” “Well,” said the traveler, severely, “] can’t understand your method of farming. You won’t get over half a crop there.” “No,” said the Arkansan, cheerfully. “You are shore a good guesser, stran- ger. Half a crop exactly, that’s mine, I planted this on shares.”—Kansar City Star. “Plante” On Their Behalf The minister in a little church that used natural gas for illumination an- nounced his text in solemn tones— “Yea, the light of the wicked shall be put out!” Immediately the church was plunged In total darkness, due to a failure ir the supply. “Brethren,” said the minister, with scarcely a moment's pause, “in view of the sudden and startling fulfillment of this prophecy, we will spend a few minutes in silent prayer for the gar ~ompany.” Plain Gold Ring The wedding ring of plain gold, which is a survival of Saxon times, has outlived several attempts at change of fashion. For instance, at the marriage Ox Queen Mary of England to Philip of Spain the English statesmen debated the question of the ring and wished to have it jeweled, but Mary herself intervened by declaring that she would not have it set with gems, for she chose to be wedded with a plain hoop of gold like other maidens.—Detroit Free Press. Easily Explained Bluebelle is a lovely girl. People like her. She has a way with her, & way that invites confidences. But gometimes one of ker confiding friends has to take her to task mildly.’ “Bluebelle,” said one of these, “I don’t know who gave that secret away. When I told it to you the other eve- ning I made it between you, me and the gate post.” “Well, you remember it was a strange gate post,” responded Bluebelle gravely. Billets Doux There .is a peculiar and subtle ans quite indefinable pleasure that comes to a man when the woman he loves first writes to him. Soever cust, s0- ever banal the letter, there is no mat- ter. It is something from her to him; something altogether private and se- cret; something she has set down for him to redd; something not to be shared with a sordid world.—From “The Rasp,” by Phillips Macdonald, FEDERAL RESERVE HELPS FARMERS How Its Aid to England’s Re- turn to a Gold Standard Bene- fits American Agriculture. By M. A. TRAYLOR Second Vice President Americar Bankers Association. There has been no more important event for the American farmer and ‘stock man since the Armistice than the recent return of Great Britain to a gold standard. It seems a long dis- tance from the Mon- tana farm to the gold vaults of the Bank of England, but the price the farmer gets for his wheat and cattle de- pends not a little op that gold. The farmer sells his wheat to the elevator man and yet the real buyer, in many cases, is an Englishman, a Frenchman, a German, or an Italian. About one-third of the wheat crop is usually sold abroad and this part is a large factor in fixing the price of the entire crop. Between the farmer and the foreign buyer there are many steps. In recent years the most im- portant step has been that at which the foreign buyer has to pay the American exporter, for the interna- tional mechanism of payment has been badly out of order because Europe was off the gold standard. It was just as though an English buyer drove up to your farm house, bar- gained for your wheat and drew up the contract. But when you discussed payment, he said: “I'm sorry I haven’t any good United States money to pay you with; I'll have to pay you in my English paper money, which isn’t worth its face value in gold. I don’t know what it may be worth nex’ week, but that is your risk.” A Deadly Foe of Trade How many would be willing to sign contracts on this basis? Yet that is the way most of the world’s trade has had to be carried on since the Armis- tice. In practically all countries ex- cept the United States the currencies have had no fixed value in gold, but have changed in value from day to day. Whenever one country sold any- thing to another country, somebody had to take the risk of loss because thie valie of the money might change before payment was made. Such un- certainty of payment is a deadly foe of trade. and people were afraid to do any larger international business thar they had to. Exports of food stuffs from the Unit- ed States fell from two and a half billion dollars in 1919 to eight hundred millions in 1923, and the difficulties of European buyers in making satisfae- tory payment for American farm prod- ucts was one of the large factors in the drop in the prices of farm prod- ncts. But now the recent action of Great Britain in declaring that it will again redeem its paper money in gold means that British buyers of American products can pay for them with money which is accepted the world over at its face value in gold. With the return of Great Britain to the gold standard, 2 majority of the countries of Europe have paper currencies equal to golé How Reserve Banks Helped American bankers have assisted in the British return to the gold standard by giving a $100,000,000 credit to the British government. But more impor- tant than this was the action of the Federal Reserve Banks in granting the Bank of England material co-opera- tion. They placed $200,000,000 gold at the disposal of the Bank of England for two years, to be used by it, if nec- essary, in maintaining the gold stand- ard. The readiness of the Reserve Banks thus to co-operate was an im- portant influence in the willingness of ‘the British to take this all important step. This action of the Reserve Banks was a most constructive step in aid of American farmers and producers who will benefit greatly by the re- moval of this element of uncertainty from their export transactions. If all the sins of omission and commission charged againts the Federal Reserve System by banker, business man, live stock man or political blatherskite in ithe last five years were true, and prac- tically none of them are, the service rendered commerce and industry by ithe System in connection with the res- itoration of the gold standard in so large a part of the world would far outweigh any mistakes that those in icharge of the System may have made. No banker, business man or farmer should permit any self serving declar- ation by favor seeking demagogue to swerve him from a determination to see that the System is maintained for ‘the future welfare of the country. Fundamentally conditions are very sound and we are doing a very large volume of business, no little part of which is due to the equalizing and stabilizing effect exercised by the Fed- eral Reserve System on the credits of the country. Throughout all the stress iof the last five years there have been no times of either stringency or ple- ‘thora of bank credit. Rates have run along on a rather level keel and in my judgment have had much to do ‘with the stable volume of business which sve have enjoyed, and which is quite contrary to the old experience of ‘the aftermath of panics. With a credit structure such as only the Federal Reserve System can guarantee, I feel we need have no apprehension but on ‘the contrary sound optimism for the future. M. A. Traylor sm wn rt Smt bm cot sr ——— mnt ERATE SC ———— Knew His Rights. One afternoon the business men of the town engaged in a baseball game, divided into two teams, the fats and the leans, and except for an experienc- ed captain at the head of each team all were rank strangers to the game. After an unbroken record of strike- outs one perspiring fat batsman by accident managed to knock to the fence the first ball delivered that time at bat. He stood patiently gazing at the flight, the cheers of the crowd ringing in his ears. “Run! Run! Run!” yelled the cap- tain, dashing to him and trying un- successfully to shove the heavyweight down the base line. “Not much!” snapped the resentful hitter, “I’ve got two more swats com- ing to me!” MEDICAL. Nerves All Unstrung? Bellefonte Folks Should Find the Cause and Correct It. Are you all worn out? Feel tired, nervous, half-sick? Do you have a constant backache; sharp twinges of pain, too, with dizzy spells and annoy- ing urinary disorders? Then there’s cause for worry and more cause to give your weakened kidneys prompt help. Use Doan’s Pills—a stmulant diuretic to the kidneys. Bellefonte folks recommend Doan’s for just such troubles. Mrs. H. W. Raymond, Reynolds Ave., Bellefonte, says: “My kidneys were weak and I had a dull aching and soreness across my back. I could hardly sweep. I tired easily and had nervous headaches. My kidneys acted too often and annoyed me. I used Doan’s Pills from Runkle’s drug store and was relieved of the backache. My kidneys were in good order, too.” Price 60c, at all dealers. Don’t simply ask for a kidney remedy—get Doan’s Pills—the same that Mrs. Raymond had. Foster-Milburn Co., Mfrs., Buffalo, N. Y. 70-33 Culled Poultry Flock. Many farmers have gone through their poultry flocks during the sum- mer months, picked out the culls and sent them to market. Much to their surprise the remaining birds laid more eggs than did the whole flock before it was culled. This is because the good hens had a better chance at the mash hoppers and more room in the laying house, say poultry specialists at The Pennsylvania State College, who advise constant culling during the summer. This piggie’s right I want to say See him wearing his big 0. K. —Young Mother Hubbard Twice inspected are the hams and other meats we sell—once by Uncle Sam and once by our expert buy- er. You're protected in quality and price. Delivery promises kept means keep- ing customers. Beezer’s Meat Market ON THE DIAMOND 34-34-1y Bellefonte, Pa. in the morning. Leave Buffalo—_ 9:00 P. M. Ea Arrive Cleveland *Steamer “CI Automobile Rate—$7.50. Send for free sectional puzzle chart of the Great Ship “SEEANDBEE” and 32-page booklet. “ The Cleveland & Buffalo Transit Co. | Cleveland, Ohio Co Fare, $5.50 i Your Rail Ticket is on the Boats tful night on Lake Erie Makes a pleasant break in your journey. A good bed in a clean, cool stateroom, a long sound sleep and an appetizing breakfast Steamers “SEEANDBEE”~“CITY OF Daily May 1st to November 15th : . stern *7:00 A. MA Sanda Time UFFALO?” arrives 7:30 A. M. Connections for Cedar Point, Put-in-Bay, Toledo, Detroi Ask your ticket agent or tourist agency on tickets Yi C& 3 ay Wer Points: ERIE”-“CITY OF BUFFALG” Leave Cleveland—9:00 P. M. Arrive Buffalo —*7:00 A. M. The Great Ship SEEANDBEE” — Length, 500 feet, - Breadth; 98 feet 6 inches, Lyon & Co. Lyon & Co. oDBCialSrnnemunat fGUS| In Every Department, E==A visit to our store will mean money-saving for you. We have slashed prices again. All Summer Ready-to-Wear and Piece Goods must go to make room for our New Fall Arrivals. Silk and Light Wool Dresses at $10.75; Voile and English Broadcloth $2 up; Spring and Fall Coats—a good range of colors and sizes—at $8.00. . included in thi le— All Summer Dress Materials crepes. vores, English Broadcloths and Gingham. For the School Kiddies we have Gingham Dresses as low as 08 cents; Wash Suits and Crepes g8 cents. JT) One Special Lot of Children’s Socks—3 pairs for $1.00, all sizes and colors; 3; lengths. —1 table of Shoes The Biggest Bargain Ever Offered .,. 1 .aics aa chit. dren—just the thing for the kiddies for school wear—$1 up. New Fall Arrivals Canton Crepes, Crepe de Chine, the New Flannels 54 in. wide, in all the latest shades— Pansy, Pencil Blue, Jade, Tan, Brown, Russian Green, Cuckoo, Burgundy. Lyon & Co. « Lyon & Co.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers