si Bellefonte, Pa., November 5, 1915. The Calaveras Skull. Of interest in connection with ter tiary gold bearing river gravels oi California is the story of the Calaveras skull. For a time this skull attracted much attention not only from the peo- ple in California, but from scientific men the world over. It was reported to have been found in 1866 near the town of Angels, Calaveras county, at a depth of 130 feet. in tertiary grav- els underlying tertiary lava. The find- ing of a human skull embedded in such deposits was for a time believed to indicate that man had been in exist- ence in North America longer than had been supposed. Strange to say. the skull is of a higher type than skulls which, although known to antedate his- toric times, are known also to be much younger than the tertiary. Although Professor J. D. Whitney, then state geologist. accepted the skull as a bit of genuine scientific evidence, it is gen- erally believed by students of the an tiquity of man that the Calaveras skull while undoubtedly old. probably did not come from the auriferous gravels at all.—Argonaut. A Grim Cathedral. Once the capital of the kingdom of Portugal, Coimbra possesses a number of interesting monuments. Its cathe- dral dates from the early period whe: it upon the west, Toledo in the cente: and Saragossa to the east were the Christian outposts against the infidel. Its color, a deep golden brown, is like that of an old warrior tanned by the wars. Squarely seated upon its plat form, its walls pierced only by narrow windows that resemble loopholes, its roofs and parapets embattled, it recalls the day when praying and fighting went hand in hand, and its rough hewn stones sheathe it as in a bronze cuirass chased with the delicate tracer) of its south door added at a later epoch. Its interior, too, is severely plain. though adorned with the only fine rere dos that I saw in Portugal, and with side chapels that contain a notable ar ray of old blue tiles.—Ernest Peixottc in Scribner's. Hiding Behind Smoke. The accuracy of modern naval gun nery is sc marvelous that the only hope for a ship to escape being sunk when within range of the guns is to hide itself. That is easier said than done, however, and there is only one way in which it can be done, and that is by means of a “smoke screen.” It is hard for one ship to hide herself behind her own smoke unless the wind is favorable, but for a number of ships to put a huge fog ef black smoke be- tween them and their pursuers is com- paratively easy. The smoke is caused by oil fuel, and it can be turned off or on at will by supplying more or less air to the furnaces. It is so dense and black that it is quite impossible to seo more than a few yards through it.— Pearson’s Magazine. Hawking In the Old Days. Falconry, or hawking, was a favorite sport with the nobility and gentry of Europe down to the first half of the seventeenth century. Hawks were trained to mount and pursue game and bring it to their masters and mistresses, coming and going to the call of the latter with marvelous docility. The hawks were tricked out with gay hoods and held until ordered to pursue the quarry, or game, by leathern straps fastened with rings of leather about each leg just above the talons, and with silken cords called “jesses” to each of these leathern straps, or *‘be- wets,” was attached a small bell. In the flight of hawks it was often so arranged that the bells made “a con- sort of sweet sounds.” Still Has Friends. Two retired tradesmen residing in- the country were discussing matters generally, when one asked: “How is your son doing in the city?” “Oh, he doesn’t say much about his business.” was the reply, “but he writes me that he’s got a lot of friends!” “That’s very encouraging,” remarked the other, “for it shows that he hasn’t had to borrow money yet!’—Pearson’s Weekly. A Much Needed Rest. “Does your boy take kindly to farm life now that he has finished college?” “Oh, yes!" replied Farmer Cobbles. “He says that after the strenuous four years he’s been through it's a pleasure to loaf around home and watch the hired men at work.” —Birmingham Age- Herald. Silver. The handle of a silver spoon gets hot more quickly than that of a pewter spoon. when thrust inte a cup of hot coffee. In fact, this is an easy and quick way of detecting imitation silver. Silver itself has been found to be the best conductor of heat known. His Ambition. “How would you feel if the end of the world came tomorrow?” “I'd be glad ef it. I always wanted to. be present at a great historical event.””—Detroit Saturday Night. Happiness. Mankind is always happier for hav- {ng been happy. So that if you make men happy now you make them happy twenty years hence by the memory of it.—Sydney Smith. Rice. Rice will absorb three times its meas. ure of water and a larger quantity; of milk er stock. : then gives a signal, and the crab does one look and fell in a fit.” —Judge. Qur First Canal. The tirst canal opened in the United States for the transportation of pas- sengers and merchandise was the Mid- dlesex canal, from Boston to Lowell, in 1804. Colonel L. Baldwin, the bngi- neer, removed the first turf Sept. 10, 1794. The canal was (uirty feet wide and four feet deep. had twenty locks. peven aqueducts and fifty bridges. The route was from the Merrimac river, near what is now Middlesex village. through the Billerica and Concord riv- ers to the Shawsheen river, through | Wilmington and Woburn to the Mystic river and through Medford to Charles- | town. Until 183; the canal flourished, but: with the building of the Lowell and Boston and the Lowell and Nashua | railroads about twe-thirds of the busi- ness of the canal was diverted to the | railroads, and the canal never paid aft- erward. It was built for $130,000, but in 1859 the supreme court of Massa- chusetts issued a decree declaring the franchise forfeited through disuse. The ruins of the locks and aqueducts are still to be seen along the route. Crab Locomotives. The cueerest locomotives are the types used in mining and called “crabs.” Gliding into the black gal- leries of coal mines and halting at a crevice in the wall from which issues the distant ring of pick and shovel, the crab lets out a flexible tentacle (a steel cable) ror perhaps 200 or 300 feet. drawing it back presently with a car of coal in tow. Feeling into the holes. first on one side, then on the other, it moves along and never fails to secure its prey. Finally, with a dozen or more cars in its wake, it proceeds to the shaft or outlet and delivers its booty to the crusher. These crabs operate by trolley con: ductors. They run through the main passages of the mine. Each crab is furnished with an electrically operat- ed drum, on which are carried 200 or 300 feet of steel cable. This is hauled into the side passages or drifts by a man who couples the end to a loaded car, the rest.—George Frederick Stratton in St. Nicholas. Tubular Chimes. Tubes instead of bells for chimes came into use in England half a cen- tury ago for three reasons—they have a mellower, more musical tone; they take up much less space than bells, and they weigh much less. The sub- ject of tubular chimes has all the in- terest that pertains to bells generally. In making a bell the most expert founder cannot predetermine with ex- actitude the tone of the bell. General- ly bells and tubes have to undergo nice modifications after they are finished. and it is much easier to alter the tube delicately to get just the pitch and tone quality sought.than to modify the bell. Tubular chimes used in tower clocks. organs and elsewhere are fundamen- tally identical with the dangling gold tubes upon which the gifted vaudeville performer plays “Home, Sweet Home." —New York Sun. Solar Heat. M. A. Veronnet has attempted to cai- culate the time the sun’s activity could be maintained by (1) chemical action, (2) intra-atomic energy (radium) and (3) the work of gravitational contraction. For the first he gets 2,000 years, for the second only 170 years, while for the third he finds that gravitational con- traction, according to the well known theory of Helmholtz, would account for several millions of years of solar heat, as demanded by the geological record. The fall of meteorites into the sun could account, at most, for only the four hundredth part of the sun’s heat. He Knew All About It. “Your shoestring’s untied, ma’am,” cried the little boy to the stout woman who was moving majestically up the street. *“I’ll tie it for you.” The stout lady smilingly thanked him and drew back her skirt in acceptance of his offer. The small boy drew the string tight and smiled back at her. “You see,” he explained, “I know ail about it. My mother’s fat too.”—La- dies’ Home Journal. Incomplete Expositions. “Some of those old Roman triumphs must have been magnificent exhibi- tions.” “Yes,” replied the Philadelphia citi zen. ‘‘But none of them could be quite complete. Circumstances, you know. didn’t permit them to borrow our Lib erty bell.””—Washington Star. The True Intent. Irate Patient (after the agony)— What de you mean by proclaiming on your sign, “Teeth extracted without pain?” Suave Dentist—Exactly whai I say. 1 assure you the operation doesn’t distress me at all. One dollar, please.—Richmond Times-Dispatch. What Happened. “What is the cause of the rumpus over there?” “A promising young playwright held the mirror up to Nature. Nature took An Old Punishment. David Leyes, a Scotchman, for strik- ing his father was sentenced in 1754 to appear ‘“bairheddit and bairfuttit” iu church with an apologetic placard at- tached to his cranium. Own Up. A man should never be ashamed to own he has been in the wrong, which is but saying, in other words, that he 48 wiser today than he was yesterday. —Pope. ~ Good reasons must, of course, give ‘place to better.—Shakespeare. How the Velocity of Cannon Balls and Bullets Is Measured. i How fast does a bullet travel? The highest velocity ever given to a cannon ! ball is 1.626 feet per second. This is! equal to a mile in little more than three seconds, or nearly twenty miles a minute. A rifle bullet does not travel so fast as a cannon ball, the average rate be- ing 1,275 feet per second. This mat- ter of speed is tested in a very inter- esting way. A long wooden shed is used, in which a distance of exactly 100 feet has been carefully marked off. At each end of this space is a stand something like a target with a large circular opening where the bullseye should be. Across each opening is stretched a small elec- tric wire, connected with a delicate instrument in another room. The rifle from which the firing is done is so aimed that the bullet which fites from it cuts both wires. Obvious- ly the difference in time between the cutting of the two wires ‘marks the speed of the bullet through that 100 feet. When the first wire is cut an electric current is broken and a rod falls, mov- ing a pointer on a slide in its descent. The breaking of the second wire acts in the sume manner on another set of rods, slides and pointers. The difference in the marks made by the pointers on tae slides makes it pos- sible to estimate the difference in their time of falling. and from these calcu- lations accurate figures as to speed are obtained.—London Answers. SEEKING HAPPINESS. Little Things That Make Living a Joy Are Not Always Appreciated. We are told that happiness comes by pieces and that it is these small bits linked together thit make our lives worth while. Some vf us are not con- tent to take our happiness by degrees or at intervals. We want it all the time in big pieces, und if we cannot have it that way we think that we are deprived of our natural rights and look upon ourselves as injured beings. It is a rather singular expression of buman nature how happiness affects the individual. With some of us it makes us friendlier toward others and anxious that they should experience Ake joys; with others it makes us too satisfie? with ourselves to think very much of our neighbors. Perhaps those of us who know what the joy of living means have experi- enced both of these attitudes at dif- ferent periods of our lives and are in position, therefore. to appreciate a varying viewpoint, but even so it is only after we lose something of that joy of living and have found out for ourselves thirt there are shadows which no amount of sunlight can disperse that we can readily appreciate the blessing of whatever happiness may find its way into our lives. The little things that count so much in our intercourse with each other are not always regarded as highly as they should be. and for this reason we pass by much that would give us joy if we only knew how and where to find it.— Charleston News anc Courier. Gardens In the Ice. A giacier when it dislodges itself and sails away over the Arctic ocean never travels alone. In fhe wake of every large one floats a line of similar com- panions. The Eskimos call this phe- nomenon “the duck and ducklings.” and any one who has watched the progress of the wild duck followed by her brood will appreciate the aptitude of the name. Strange as it may seem, plants grow and blossom upon these great ice mountains. When a glacier is at rest moss attaches itself to it, protecting the ice beneath, just as sawdust does. After a time the moss decays and ferms a soil, in which the seeds of buttercups and dandelions, brought by the wind, take root and flourish. Professional Pawners. In many of the mean streets of Lon. don there are professional pawners— women, well known to the pawnbro- kers, who for small payments take clothes and household goods to pawn for their neighbors. It is stated that the function of the professional pawn er is twofold. The woman who pawns througn a recognized intermedisry gets a larger loan than she would if she did the basiness herself. For tha pawn. broker the professionsl pawner guar- antees the good faith of the owner and will he able to exercise pressure in case of default.—Londo® Express. Medical. Here’s Proof A BELLEFONTE CITIZEN TELLS OF HER EXPERIENCE. You have a right to doubt state- ments of people living far away but can you doubt Bellefonte endorse- ment? Read it: Mrs. C. Young, Potter St., Belle- fonte, says: “For more than a year, I suffered from a dull ache in the small of my beack. If I bent over, I could hardly get up again. I never felt able to do any housework and felt languid all the time. I was troubled a lot by dizzy spells and the kidney secretions were unnatural. Doan’s Kidney Pills had helped so many people that I got a hox at Green's Pharmacy Co. The first box cured me. It has been three years now since I have had any trouble from my back or kidneys.” Price 50c, at all dealers. Don’t simply ask for a kidney remedy— get Doan’s Kidney Pills—the same that Mrs. Young had. Foster- Milburn Co., Props., Bessie 1 NE '~ SPEED OF PROJECTILES. HAS ITS PECULIAR QUALITIES Guncotton, Powerful Explosive, Will Simply Burn Rapidly When It Is Unconfined. If someone should place a wad of guncotton on the palm of your hand and threaten to touch it off with a | lighted match, you would be fright- ened. Yet you need not be. Though . guncotton is one of the most powerful | of ordinary explosives, it would not hurt you. i When dry guncotton is exposed to the air it does not explode when ig- nited, but burns with great rapidity. i So rapidly does the burning take place ! that if a loose wad of the material be held in the hand and touched with fire, there is a sudden flash, and an in- stant later not a trace of smoke or a mark on the hand remains to indicate what has taken place. Guncotton does not detonate unless it is confined, as in the barrel of a gun. When dry, however, guncotton can be made to explode with great vio- lence by being struck sharply between two hard surfaces. Detonation, as such an explosion is called, 1s quite a different phenomenon from burning. It seems to consist in the instantaneous disintegration of the molecules of the exploding substance. It is as though all the bricks in a great building were in a fraction of a second to be scat- tered about Greater New York. One Meaning of the Hyphen, A spirited defense of the hyphen is made by the Kuryer Polski of Milwau- kee, a Polish newspaper which has stood loyally by the president. Com- menting upon the admonition of Judge Morris to an Austrian taking out nat- uralization papers to remember that he was “just a plain American,” the editor observes that Lafayette, Kosci- usko, Pulaski and De Kalb were not “Just plain Americans;” “they were considered either hyphenated Ameri. cans or not Americans at all.” This is a point of view too often over looked; if the hyphen has been em- phasized it has often been for the sake of emphasizing Americanism. A citizen who is called by others a Pole or Bohemian or Italian is on the patri- otic side when he insists on adding “American” to what others call him. Nor is it just to scold about hyphens until all citizens, whatever their origin, are called simply Americans. There is not a bit of harm in the hyphen, so long as it is clearly un- derstood that it does not separate, but unites.—Springfield Republican. Message on a Man's Scalp. We hear much about secret writing, but have not yet heard of anything to beat the simple cunning of one His- tiaeus, a Greek, at the Persian court in the fifth century, B. C., who wanted to send a private message to a friend at Miletus. He took a slave with bad eyes, and, under pretense of curing him shaved his head. The message was then written on his scalp, unknown even to him, the hair allowed to grow again, and the slave sent off to Miletus with a letter which all could read, saying how well he had been cured. And the friend, with whom the plan had been ar- ranged, only needed shaving materials to uncover the secret message.~Lon- don Chronicle. Hood’s Sarsaparilla. Rheumatism Goes If Hood’s Is Used The genuine old reliable Hood's Sarsa- parilla corrects the acid condition of the blood and builds up the whole system. It drives out rheumatism because it cleans- es the blood. It has been successfully used for forty years in many thousands of cases the world over. There is no better remedy for skin and blood diseases, for loss of appetite, rheum- atism, stomach and kidney troubles, general debility and all ills arising from impure, impoverished, devitalized blood. It is unnecessary to suffer. Start treat- ment at once. Get a bottle of Hood's Sarsaparilla from your nearest druggist. You will be pleased with the results. 60-42 ——— TS—— JEWELRY, mmsemr— ake Your Watchword the Hamilton—be- cause Hamilton means accuracy, precision, faithful performance of duty day in and day out —as well as beauty. F. P. BLAIR & SON. Jewelers and Opticians, BELLEFONTE, 59-4-tf PENNA ally injurious to crops. “ ———— RRR, Good Done by Birds. Attorneys-at-Law. The department of agriculture in- RI forms us that out of 50 species of KLINE WOODRING—Attorney-at-Law, hawks and owls, only four are actu- S onte, Ya, Practices in all courts, 0 observer oom er’s Exchange. 51-1-1y. tells us that he has seen with his own B. SPANGLER.-Attorney-at-Law. Practices eyes an owl of his acquaintance swal- in all the Courts. Consultation in E; low nine field mice, one after another, TIL Office in Crider's § hange. until the tail of the last remained in evidence. However, in a few hours, this meal having been digested with no apparent effort, the owl was ready tended to promotly. S. TAYLOR—Atto: and Co Law. Office in Temple Conpoclior at fonte, Pa. All kinds of legal business ; for four more mice. The old hawk and his wife will consume a round dozen of mice each during a single day, and in two months’ time their to promptly. Consultation WETZEL—Attorney and Counsellor at Law H. J Office No. 11, Crider's Exchange, floor. o i All kinds of legal business a in English or German : 394 youthful brood will devour a similar quantity. It has been stated that a colony of hawks will kill 10,000 ro- dents in three months’ time. We all know what damage mice perpetrate in our grain fields. The farmer may well spare a chicken or two from his henyard in payment for service ren- dered him by these birds of prey.— Lifs. EE ————————— Medical. VITAL FORCE. Disease germs are on every hand, They are in the very air we breathe, A system “run down” is a prey for them. One must have vital force to withstand them. Vital force depends All professional business will tention. ces—No. 5 East High street. Ww in all the courts. mii” and German. on . Office south of court M. KEICHLINE—ALtto -at-Law. J ] rney w. Practices English receive prompt at: Pty KENNEDY Bellefonte, legal business POHNSTON—Attorney-at-law a. Prompt attention given entrusted to his care. Offi 57-4. G. RUNKLE.—Attorney-at-Law. Consul. tation in Brglish and German. in Crider’s Exchange, Bellefonte. Physicians. S. GLENN, M. D., Physician and S State College, Centre county, Pa. at his residence. Dentists. i on digestion—on whether or not food nourishes—on the quality of blood coursing through the body. Union City, Pa.—“I was all run | down and had to get a medicine to ; build me up. I had little appetite and | lacked strength. I was tired out all | the time. My husband brought home a bottle of ‘Golden Medical Discovery’ and it did me so much good we bought | six bottles. I built up fast on it, my | strength and appetite came back and ' I became fatter. It did me lots of good painless R. J. E. WARD, D. D. S., office next d D eh A. room, Hi street, Bellefonthn extracts f ing teeth, i Superin r Crown and Bridge work. Prices R. H. W. TATE, Sur, Denti D the Bush Arcade Belltonte, Fa. ice in Toate ot electric aj fiances 2 . Has had experience. perior quality and prices reasonable. | Pero 465-81v Plumbing, and I have always been glad I took it.” —Mges. M. E. Knapp, 7 Concord St. Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discov- ery strengthens the ‘weak stomach; gives good digestion; enlivens the sluggish liver; feeds the starved nerves. Again full health and strength return. A general upbuilding enables the heart to pump like an engine run- ning in oil. The vital force is once more established to full power. Year in and year out for nearly fifty years this great health-restoring rem- edy has been spreading throughout the entire world—because of its ability to make the sick well and the weak strong. Don’t despair of “being your old self again.” Give this vegetable remedy a trial—To-day—Now. You will soon feel “like mew again.” Sold in liquid or tablet form by Druggists or trial box for 50c by mail. Write Dr. Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y. The most valuable book for both men and women is Doctor Pierce’s Common Sense Medical Adviser. A splendid 1008-page volume, with engravings and colored plates. A copy will be sent to anyone sending three dimes or thirty Good Health ~ Good Plumbing GO TOGETHER. When you have dripping steam pipes, leaky water-fixtures, foul sewerage, or escaping as, you can’t have good Health. The air you reathe is poisonous; your system becomes poisoned and invalidism is sure to come. SANITARY PLUMBING It’s the only kind you ought to have. Wedon’t trustthis work to boys. Our workmen are Skilled Mechanics, no better anywhere. Our is the kind we do. Material and Fixtures are the Best Not a cheap or inferior article in our entire establishment. And with good work and the finest material, our Prices are Lower Diegks, Chops, Roasts, Oysters on the SELTZER SYPHONS, ETC., for pic-nics, families and the public gener- ally all of which are manufactured out of the purest syrups and properly carbonated. C. MOERSCHBACHER, 50-32-1y. High St., Bellefonte, Pa. cents in stamps, to pay the cost of | than many who give you poor, unsanitary wrapping and mailing only, to Doctor Fors and thie lowss: grade of finishings. For Pierce, Buffalo, N, Y, ms —_— Archibald Allison, Restaurant. Opposite Bush House : Bellefonte, Pa. ESTAURANT. oh tauieeionte now has a First-Class Res- : Little Hotel Wilmot. Meals are Served at All Hours The Little Hotel Wilmot shell or in any style desired, Sand- Wiches, Sou , and anything catable, can IN PENN SQUARE e had in a few minutes any time. In ad- One minute from the Penna Ry. Station dition I have a complete plant prepared to : furnish Soft Drinks in bottles such sa PHILADELPHIA POPS, We have quite a few customers from Belle SODAS, fame, We can Jfke care of Sse Foe, ey’ e us, good room for $1. ou SARSAPARILLA, bring your wife, $2. Hot and cold Hi bo water in every room The Ryerson W. Jennings Co. 59-46 Insurance. Best Book Work ’ Coal and Wood. A. G. Morris, Jr. DEALER IN HIGH GRADE ANTHRACITE, BITUMINOUS AND CANNEL COAL Wood, Grain, Hay, Straw and Sand. T he referred Accident Insurance and : wate Job Printing THE $5,000 TRAVEL POLICY BENEFITS: : Done Here. $5000 death by accident, 5,000 loss of both hands, ,000 loss of one hand and one foot, ,000 loss of either hand, ,000 loss of either foot, 630 loss of one eve 25 per week, total disability, Pe ee 22 wot) Noo 10 per week, partial disability, (limit 26 weeks) PREMIUM §12 PER YEAR, pavable quarterly if desired. Larger or smaller amounts in proportion Any person, male or female, engaged in a referred occupation, inc] nang house, eeping, over eighteen years of age of moral and physical condition may insure under this policy. Fire Insurance { invite your attention to my Fire Insur ance Agency, the strongest and Most Ex’ tensive Line of Solid Companies represent ed by any agency in Central Pennsylvania H. E. FENLON, 50-21. Agent, Bellefonte, Pa Fine Job Printing. BOTH 'PHONES. FINE JOB PRINTING 0—A SPECIALTY—o0 AT THE WATCHMAN OFFICE. le of work, from the There is no — * to the finest cheapest * Yard Opposite P. R. R. BOOK WORK, Depot. satis- Po that we ca not do inthe most 58-23-1y pares A of work, Call on or comm this office’
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers