si
Bellefonte, Pa., November 5, 1915.
The Calaveras Skull.
Of interest in connection with ter
tiary gold bearing river gravels oi
California is the story of the Calaveras
skull. For a time this skull attracted
much attention not only from the peo-
ple in California, but from scientific
men the world over. It was reported
to have been found in 1866 near the
town of Angels, Calaveras county, at
a depth of 130 feet. in tertiary grav-
els underlying tertiary lava. The find-
ing of a human skull embedded in such
deposits was for a time believed to
indicate that man had been in exist-
ence in North America longer than had
been supposed. Strange to say. the
skull is of a higher type than skulls
which, although known to antedate his-
toric times, are known also to be much
younger than the tertiary. Although
Professor J. D. Whitney, then state
geologist. accepted the skull as a bit
of genuine scientific evidence, it is gen-
erally believed by students of the an
tiquity of man that the Calaveras skull
while undoubtedly old. probably did
not come from the auriferous gravels
at all.—Argonaut.
A Grim Cathedral.
Once the capital of the kingdom of
Portugal, Coimbra possesses a number
of interesting monuments. Its cathe-
dral dates from the early period whe:
it upon the west, Toledo in the cente:
and Saragossa to the east were the
Christian outposts against the infidel.
Its color, a deep golden brown, is like
that of an old warrior tanned by the
wars. Squarely seated upon its plat
form, its walls pierced only by narrow
windows that resemble loopholes, its
roofs and parapets embattled, it recalls
the day when praying and fighting
went hand in hand, and its rough
hewn stones sheathe it as in a bronze
cuirass chased with the delicate tracer)
of its south door added at a later epoch.
Its interior, too, is severely plain.
though adorned with the only fine rere
dos that I saw in Portugal, and with
side chapels that contain a notable ar
ray of old blue tiles.—Ernest Peixottc
in Scribner's.
Hiding Behind Smoke.
The accuracy of modern naval gun
nery is sc marvelous that the only
hope for a ship to escape being sunk
when within range of the guns is to
hide itself. That is easier said than
done, however, and there is only one
way in which it can be done, and that
is by means of a “smoke screen.” It
is hard for one ship to hide herself
behind her own smoke unless the wind
is favorable, but for a number of ships
to put a huge fog ef black smoke be-
tween them and their pursuers is com-
paratively easy. The smoke is caused
by oil fuel, and it can be turned off
or on at will by supplying more or less
air to the furnaces. It is so dense and
black that it is quite impossible to seo
more than a few yards through it.—
Pearson’s Magazine.
Hawking In the Old Days.
Falconry, or hawking, was a favorite
sport with the nobility and gentry of
Europe down to the first half of the
seventeenth century. Hawks were
trained to mount and pursue game and
bring it to their masters and mistresses,
coming and going to the call of the
latter with marvelous docility. The
hawks were tricked out with gay hoods
and held until ordered to pursue the
quarry, or game, by leathern straps
fastened with rings of leather about
each leg just above the talons, and
with silken cords called “jesses” to
each of these leathern straps, or *‘be-
wets,” was attached a small bell. In
the flight of hawks it was often so
arranged that the bells made “a con-
sort of sweet sounds.”
Still Has Friends.
Two retired tradesmen residing in-
the country were discussing matters
generally, when one asked:
“How is your son doing in the city?”
“Oh, he doesn’t say much about his
business.” was the reply, “but he
writes me that he’s got a lot of
friends!”
“That’s very encouraging,” remarked
the other, “for it shows that he hasn’t
had to borrow money yet!’—Pearson’s
Weekly.
A Much Needed Rest.
“Does your boy take kindly to farm
life now that he has finished college?”
“Oh, yes!" replied Farmer Cobbles.
“He says that after the strenuous four
years he’s been through it's a pleasure
to loaf around home and watch the
hired men at work.” —Birmingham Age-
Herald.
Silver.
The handle of a silver spoon gets hot
more quickly than that of a pewter
spoon. when thrust inte a cup of hot
coffee. In fact, this is an easy and
quick way of detecting imitation silver.
Silver itself has been found to be the
best conductor of heat known.
His Ambition.
“How would you feel if the end of
the world came tomorrow?”
“I'd be glad ef it. I always wanted
to. be present at a great historical
event.””—Detroit Saturday Night.
Happiness.
Mankind is always happier for hav-
{ng been happy. So that if you make
men happy now you make them happy
twenty years hence by the memory of
it.—Sydney Smith.
Rice.
Rice will absorb three times its meas.
ure of water and a larger quantity; of
milk er stock. :
then gives a signal, and the crab does
one look and fell in a fit.” —Judge.
Qur First Canal.
The tirst canal opened in the United
States for the transportation of pas-
sengers and merchandise was the Mid-
dlesex canal, from Boston to Lowell, in
1804. Colonel L. Baldwin, the bngi-
neer, removed the first turf Sept. 10,
1794. The canal was (uirty feet wide
and four feet deep. had twenty locks.
peven aqueducts and fifty bridges. The
route was from the Merrimac river,
near what is now Middlesex village.
through the Billerica and Concord riv-
ers to the Shawsheen river, through |
Wilmington and Woburn to the Mystic
river and through Medford to Charles- |
town.
Until 183; the canal flourished, but:
with the building of the Lowell and
Boston and the Lowell and Nashua |
railroads about twe-thirds of the busi-
ness of the canal was diverted to the |
railroads, and the canal never paid aft-
erward. It was built for $130,000, but
in 1859 the supreme court of Massa-
chusetts issued a decree declaring the
franchise forfeited through disuse. The
ruins of the locks and aqueducts are
still to be seen along the route.
Crab Locomotives.
The cueerest locomotives are the
types used in mining and called
“crabs.” Gliding into the black gal-
leries of coal mines and halting at a
crevice in the wall from which issues
the distant ring of pick and shovel,
the crab lets out a flexible tentacle (a
steel cable) ror perhaps 200 or 300 feet.
drawing it back presently with a car
of coal in tow. Feeling into the holes.
first on one side, then on the other, it
moves along and never fails to secure
its prey. Finally, with a dozen or
more cars in its wake, it proceeds to
the shaft or outlet and delivers its
booty to the crusher.
These crabs operate by trolley con:
ductors. They run through the main
passages of the mine. Each crab is
furnished with an electrically operat-
ed drum, on which are carried 200 or 300
feet of steel cable. This is hauled into
the side passages or drifts by a man
who couples the end to a loaded car,
the rest.—George Frederick Stratton
in St. Nicholas.
Tubular Chimes.
Tubes instead of bells for chimes
came into use in England half a cen-
tury ago for three reasons—they have
a mellower, more musical tone; they
take up much less space than bells,
and they weigh much less. The sub-
ject of tubular chimes has all the in-
terest that pertains to bells generally.
In making a bell the most expert
founder cannot predetermine with ex-
actitude the tone of the bell. General-
ly bells and tubes have to undergo nice
modifications after they are finished.
and it is much easier to alter the tube
delicately to get just the pitch and tone
quality sought.than to modify the bell.
Tubular chimes used in tower clocks.
organs and elsewhere are fundamen-
tally identical with the dangling gold
tubes upon which the gifted vaudeville
performer plays “Home, Sweet Home."
—New York Sun.
Solar Heat.
M. A. Veronnet has attempted to cai-
culate the time the sun’s activity could
be maintained by (1) chemical action,
(2) intra-atomic energy (radium) and (3)
the work of gravitational contraction.
For the first he gets 2,000 years, for the
second only 170 years, while for the
third he finds that gravitational con-
traction, according to the well known
theory of Helmholtz, would account for
several millions of years of solar heat,
as demanded by the geological record.
The fall of meteorites into the sun
could account, at most, for only the
four hundredth part of the sun’s heat.
He Knew All About It.
“Your shoestring’s untied, ma’am,”
cried the little boy to the stout woman
who was moving majestically up the
street. *“I’ll tie it for you.”
The stout lady smilingly thanked him
and drew back her skirt in acceptance
of his offer. The small boy drew the
string tight and smiled back at her.
“You see,” he explained, “I know ail
about it. My mother’s fat too.”—La-
dies’ Home Journal.
Incomplete Expositions.
“Some of those old Roman triumphs
must have been magnificent exhibi-
tions.”
“Yes,” replied the Philadelphia citi
zen. ‘‘But none of them could be quite
complete. Circumstances, you know.
didn’t permit them to borrow our Lib
erty bell.””—Washington Star.
The True Intent.
Irate Patient (after the agony)—
What de you mean by proclaiming on
your sign, “Teeth extracted without
pain?” Suave Dentist—Exactly whai
I say. 1 assure you the operation
doesn’t distress me at all. One dollar,
please.—Richmond Times-Dispatch.
What Happened.
“What is the cause of the rumpus
over there?”
“A promising young playwright held
the mirror up to Nature. Nature took
An Old Punishment.
David Leyes, a Scotchman, for strik-
ing his father was sentenced in 1754 to
appear ‘“bairheddit and bairfuttit” iu
church with an apologetic placard at-
tached to his cranium.
Own Up.
A man should never be ashamed to
own he has been in the wrong, which
is but saying, in other words, that he
48 wiser today than he was yesterday.
—Pope.
~ Good reasons must, of course, give
‘place to better.—Shakespeare.
How the Velocity of Cannon Balls and
Bullets Is Measured. i
How fast does a bullet travel? The
highest velocity ever given to a cannon !
ball is 1.626 feet per second. This is!
equal to a mile in little more than
three seconds, or nearly twenty miles
a minute.
A rifle bullet does not travel so fast
as a cannon ball, the average rate be-
ing 1,275 feet per second. This mat-
ter of speed is tested in a very inter-
esting way.
A long wooden shed is used, in which
a distance of exactly 100 feet has been
carefully marked off. At each end of
this space is a stand something like a
target with a large circular opening
where the bullseye should be. Across
each opening is stretched a small elec-
tric wire, connected with a delicate
instrument in another room.
The rifle from which the firing is
done is so aimed that the bullet which
fites from it cuts both wires. Obvious-
ly the difference in time between the
cutting of the two wires ‘marks the
speed of the bullet through that 100
feet.
When the first wire is cut an electric
current is broken and a rod falls, mov-
ing a pointer on a slide in its descent.
The breaking of the second wire acts
in the sume manner on another set of
rods, slides and pointers.
The difference in the marks made by
the pointers on tae slides makes it pos-
sible to estimate the difference in their
time of falling. and from these calcu-
lations accurate figures as to speed are
obtained.—London Answers.
SEEKING HAPPINESS.
Little Things That Make Living a Joy
Are Not Always Appreciated.
We are told that happiness comes by
pieces and that it is these small bits
linked together thit make our lives
worth while. Some vf us are not con-
tent to take our happiness by degrees
or at intervals. We want it all the
time in big pieces, und if we cannot
have it that way we think that we are
deprived of our natural rights and look
upon ourselves as injured beings.
It is a rather singular expression of
buman nature how happiness affects
the individual. With some of us it
makes us friendlier toward others and
anxious that they should experience
Ake joys; with others it makes us too
satisfie? with ourselves to think very
much of our neighbors.
Perhaps those of us who know what
the joy of living means have experi-
enced both of these attitudes at dif-
ferent periods of our lives and are in
position, therefore. to appreciate a
varying viewpoint, but even so it is
only after we lose something of that
joy of living and have found out for
ourselves thirt there are shadows which
no amount of sunlight can disperse
that we can readily appreciate the
blessing of whatever happiness may
find its way into our lives.
The little things that count so much
in our intercourse with each other are
not always regarded as highly as they
should be. and for this reason we pass
by much that would give us joy if we
only knew how and where to find it.—
Charleston News anc Courier.
Gardens In the Ice.
A giacier when it dislodges itself and
sails away over the Arctic ocean never
travels alone. In fhe wake of every
large one floats a line of similar com-
panions. The Eskimos call this phe-
nomenon “the duck and ducklings.”
and any one who has watched the
progress of the wild duck followed by
her brood will appreciate the aptitude
of the name. Strange as it may seem,
plants grow and blossom upon these
great ice mountains. When a glacier
is at rest moss attaches itself to it,
protecting the ice beneath, just as
sawdust does. After a time the moss
decays and ferms a soil, in which the
seeds of buttercups and dandelions,
brought by the wind, take root and
flourish.
Professional Pawners.
In many of the mean streets of Lon.
don there are professional pawners—
women, well known to the pawnbro-
kers, who for small payments take
clothes and household goods to pawn
for their neighbors. It is stated that
the function of the professional pawn
er is twofold. The woman who pawns
througn a recognized intermedisry gets
a larger loan than she would if she did
the basiness herself. For tha pawn.
broker the professionsl pawner guar-
antees the good faith of the owner and
will he able to exercise pressure in
case of default.—Londo® Express.
Medical.
Here’s Proof
A BELLEFONTE CITIZEN TELLS OF
HER EXPERIENCE.
You have a right to doubt state-
ments of people living far away but
can you doubt Bellefonte endorse-
ment?
Read it:
Mrs. C. Young, Potter St., Belle-
fonte, says: “For more than a year,
I suffered from a dull ache in the
small of my beack. If I bent over, I
could hardly get up again. I never
felt able to do any housework and
felt languid all the time. I was
troubled a lot by dizzy spells and the
kidney secretions were unnatural.
Doan’s Kidney Pills had helped so
many people that I got a hox at
Green's Pharmacy Co. The first box
cured me. It has been three years
now since I have had any trouble
from my back or kidneys.”
Price 50c, at all dealers. Don’t
simply ask for a kidney remedy—
get Doan’s Kidney Pills—the same
that Mrs. Young had. Foster-
Milburn Co., Props., Bessie 1 NE
'~ SPEED OF PROJECTILES. HAS ITS PECULIAR QUALITIES
Guncotton, Powerful Explosive, Will
Simply Burn Rapidly When It
Is Unconfined.
If someone should place a wad of
guncotton on the palm of your hand
and threaten to touch it off with a
| lighted match, you would be fright-
ened. Yet you need not be. Though
. guncotton is one of the most powerful
| of ordinary explosives, it would not
hurt you.
i When dry guncotton is exposed to
the air it does not explode when ig-
nited, but burns with great rapidity.
i So rapidly does the burning take place
! that if a loose wad of the material be
held in the hand and touched with
fire, there is a sudden flash, and an in-
stant later not a trace of smoke or a
mark on the hand remains to indicate
what has taken place. Guncotton does
not detonate unless it is confined, as
in the barrel of a gun.
When dry, however, guncotton can
be made to explode with great vio-
lence by being struck sharply between
two hard surfaces. Detonation, as
such an explosion is called, 1s quite a
different phenomenon from burning. It
seems to consist in the instantaneous
disintegration of the molecules of the
exploding substance. It is as though
all the bricks in a great building were
in a fraction of a second to be scat-
tered about Greater New York.
One Meaning of the Hyphen,
A spirited defense of the hyphen is
made by the Kuryer Polski of Milwau-
kee, a Polish newspaper which has
stood loyally by the president. Com-
menting upon the admonition of Judge
Morris to an Austrian taking out nat-
uralization papers to remember that
he was “just a plain American,” the
editor observes that Lafayette, Kosci-
usko, Pulaski and De Kalb were not
“Just plain Americans;” “they were
considered either hyphenated Ameri.
cans or not Americans at all.” This
is a point of view too often over
looked; if the hyphen has been em-
phasized it has often been for the
sake of emphasizing Americanism. A
citizen who is called by others a Pole
or Bohemian or Italian is on the patri-
otic side when he insists on adding
“American” to what others call him.
Nor is it just to scold about hyphens
until all citizens, whatever their
origin, are called simply Americans.
There is not a bit of harm in the
hyphen, so long as it is clearly un-
derstood that it does not separate, but
unites.—Springfield Republican.
Message on a Man's Scalp.
We hear much about secret writing,
but have not yet heard of anything to
beat the simple cunning of one His-
tiaeus, a Greek, at the Persian court in
the fifth century, B. C., who wanted to
send a private message to a friend at
Miletus. He took a slave with bad
eyes, and, under pretense of curing
him shaved his head.
The message was then written on
his scalp, unknown even to him, the
hair allowed to grow again, and the
slave sent off to Miletus with a letter
which all could read, saying how well
he had been cured. And the friend,
with whom the plan had been ar-
ranged, only needed shaving materials
to uncover the secret message.~Lon-
don Chronicle.
Hood’s Sarsaparilla.
Rheumatism Goes
If Hood’s Is Used
The genuine old reliable Hood's Sarsa-
parilla corrects the acid condition of the
blood and builds up the whole system. It
drives out rheumatism because it cleans-
es the blood.
It has been successfully used for forty
years in many thousands of cases the
world over.
There is no better remedy for skin and
blood diseases, for loss of appetite, rheum-
atism, stomach and kidney troubles,
general debility and all ills arising from
impure, impoverished, devitalized blood.
It is unnecessary to suffer. Start treat-
ment at once. Get a bottle of Hood's
Sarsaparilla from your nearest druggist.
You will be pleased with the results.
60-42
——— TS——
JEWELRY,
mmsemr—
ake Your
Watchword
the Hamilton—be-
cause Hamilton
means accuracy,
precision, faithful
performance of
duty day in and
day out —as well
as beauty.
F. P. BLAIR & SON.
Jewelers and Opticians,
BELLEFONTE, 59-4-tf PENNA
ally injurious to crops.
“ ———— RRR,
Good Done by Birds. Attorneys-at-Law.
The department of agriculture in- RI
forms us that out of 50 species of KLINE WOODRING—Attorney-at-Law,
hawks and owls, only four are actu- S onte, Ya, Practices in all courts,
0 observer oom er’s Exchange. 51-1-1y.
tells us that he has seen with his own B. SPANGLER.-Attorney-at-Law. Practices
eyes an owl of his acquaintance swal- in all the Courts. Consultation in E;
low nine field mice, one after another, TIL Office in Crider's § hange.
until the tail of the last remained in
evidence. However, in a few hours,
this meal having been digested with
no apparent effort, the owl was ready
tended to promotly.
S. TAYLOR—Atto: and Co
Law. Office in Temple Conpoclior at
fonte, Pa. All kinds of legal business
; for four more mice. The old hawk
and his wife will consume a round
dozen of mice each during a single
day, and in two months’ time their
to promptly. Consultation
WETZEL—Attorney and Counsellor at Law
H.
J Office No. 11, Crider's Exchange,
floor. o i
All kinds of legal business a
in English or German
: 394
youthful brood will devour a similar
quantity. It has been stated that a
colony of hawks will kill 10,000 ro-
dents in three months’ time. We all
know what damage mice perpetrate
in our grain fields. The farmer may
well spare a chicken or two from his
henyard in payment for service ren-
dered him by these birds of prey.—
Lifs.
EE —————————
Medical.
VITAL FORCE.
Disease germs are on every hand,
They are in the very air we breathe,
A system “run down” is a prey for
them. One must have vital force to
withstand them. Vital force depends
All professional business will
tention.
ces—No. 5 East High street.
Ww
in all the courts.
mii”
and German. on
. Office south of court
M. KEICHLINE—ALtto -at-Law.
J ] rney w. Practices
English
receive prompt at:
Pty
KENNEDY
Bellefonte,
legal business
POHNSTON—Attorney-at-law
a. Prompt attention given
entrusted to his care. Offi
57-4.
G. RUNKLE.—Attorney-at-Law. Consul.
tation in Brglish and German.
in Crider’s Exchange, Bellefonte.
Physicians.
S. GLENN, M. D., Physician and S
State College, Centre county, Pa.
at his residence.
Dentists.
i on digestion—on whether or not food
nourishes—on the quality of blood
coursing through the body.
Union City, Pa.—“I was all run
| down and had to get a medicine to
; build me up. I had little appetite and
| lacked strength. I was tired out all
| the time. My husband brought home
a bottle of ‘Golden Medical Discovery’
and it did me so much good we bought
| six bottles. I built up fast on it, my
| strength and appetite came back and
' I became fatter. It did me lots of good
painless
R. J. E. WARD, D. D. S., office next d
D eh A. room, Hi street, Bellefonthn
extracts
f
ing teeth, i Superin r Crown and Bridge work. Prices
R. H. W. TATE, Sur, Denti
D the Bush Arcade Belltonte, Fa. ice in
Toate ot electric aj fiances 2 . Has had
experience. perior quality
and prices reasonable. | Pero 465-81v
Plumbing,
and I have always been glad I took it.”
—Mges. M. E. Knapp, 7 Concord St.
Dr. Pierce’s Golden Medical Discov-
ery strengthens the ‘weak stomach;
gives good digestion; enlivens the
sluggish liver; feeds the starved
nerves. Again full health and strength
return. A general upbuilding enables
the heart to pump like an engine run-
ning in oil. The vital force is once
more established to full power.
Year in and year out for nearly fifty
years this great health-restoring rem-
edy has been spreading throughout the
entire world—because of its ability to
make the sick well and the weak
strong. Don’t despair of “being your
old self again.” Give this vegetable
remedy a trial—To-day—Now. You will
soon feel “like mew again.” Sold in
liquid or tablet form by Druggists or
trial box for 50c by mail. Write Dr.
Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y.
The most valuable book for both men
and women is Doctor Pierce’s Common
Sense Medical Adviser. A splendid
1008-page volume, with engravings and
colored plates. A copy will be sent to
anyone sending three dimes or thirty
Good Health
~ Good Plumbing
GO TOGETHER.
When you have dripping steam pipes, leaky
water-fixtures, foul sewerage, or escaping
as, you can’t have good Health. The air you
reathe is poisonous; your system becomes
poisoned and invalidism is sure to come.
SANITARY PLUMBING
It’s the only kind you
ought to have. Wedon’t trustthis work to
boys. Our workmen are Skilled Mechanics,
no better anywhere. Our
is the kind we do.
Material and
Fixtures are the Best
Not a cheap or inferior article in our entire
establishment. And with good work and the
finest material, our
Prices are Lower
Diegks, Chops, Roasts, Oysters on the
SELTZER SYPHONS, ETC.,
for pic-nics, families and the public gener-
ally all of which are manufactured out of
the purest syrups and properly carbonated.
C. MOERSCHBACHER,
50-32-1y. High St., Bellefonte, Pa.
cents in stamps, to pay the cost of | than many who give you poor, unsanitary
wrapping and mailing only, to Doctor Fors and thie lowss: grade of finishings. For
Pierce, Buffalo, N, Y,
ms —_— Archibald Allison,
Restaurant.
Opposite Bush House : Bellefonte, Pa.
ESTAURANT. oh
tauieeionte now has a First-Class Res- : Little Hotel Wilmot.
Meals are Served at All Hours
The Little Hotel Wilmot
shell or in any style desired, Sand-
Wiches, Sou , and anything catable, can IN PENN SQUARE
e had in a few minutes any time. In ad- One minute from the Penna Ry. Station
dition I have a complete plant prepared to :
furnish Soft Drinks in bottles such sa PHILADELPHIA
POPS, We have quite a few customers from Belle
SODAS, fame, We can Jfke care of Sse Foe,
ey’ e us, good room for $1. ou
SARSAPARILLA, bring your wife, $2. Hot and cold Hi bo
water in every room
The Ryerson W. Jennings Co.
59-46
Insurance.
Best
Book Work
’ Coal and Wood.
A. G. Morris, Jr.
DEALER IN HIGH GRADE
ANTHRACITE, BITUMINOUS
AND CANNEL
COAL
Wood, Grain, Hay, Straw
and Sand.
T he referred
Accident
Insurance
and : wate
Job Printing THE $5,000 TRAVEL POLICY
BENEFITS: :
Done Here. $5000 death by accident,
5,000 loss of both hands,
,000 loss of one hand and one foot,
,000 loss of either hand,
,000 loss of either foot,
630 loss of one eve
25 per week, total disability,
Pe ee 22 wot)
Noo
10 per week, partial disability,
(limit 26 weeks)
PREMIUM §12 PER YEAR,
pavable quarterly if desired.
Larger or smaller amounts in proportion
Any person, male or female, engaged in a
referred occupation, inc] nang house,
eeping, over eighteen years of age of
moral and physical condition may
insure under this policy.
Fire Insurance
{ invite your attention to my Fire Insur
ance Agency, the strongest and Most Ex’
tensive Line of Solid Companies represent
ed by any agency in Central Pennsylvania
H. E. FENLON,
50-21. Agent, Bellefonte, Pa
Fine Job Printing.
BOTH 'PHONES.
FINE JOB PRINTING
0—A SPECIALTY—o0
AT THE
WATCHMAN OFFICE.
le of work, from the
There is no
— * to the finest
cheapest *
Yard Opposite P. R. R. BOOK WORK,
Depot. satis-
Po that we ca not do inthe most
58-23-1y pares A of work, Call on or
comm this office’