demociary, but iodine toW«»'d» the latter. Pure democracy and ablo lute defpotiltn are the two primi tive colour!, the (hades of which prevail more or left in every kind of government. THE Sovereignty is in the People. This, doubileis, is true ; but it is in an implied manner, that is to lay, that the people never (hall exercile it but to appoint their representa tives, and in a monarchy, that the king (hall always be the firft n'agiO traie—Thus, although it be in taei true, that every thing comes from the earth, it is (till neceflTary tofub due it by labor and culture, as we fubiedl the people by the authority and by the laws. The sovereignty is in tl<e people as fruit is in the fields, in an abftraA manner. It is neceflary tha: the fruit palles by the tree which produces it, and the pub lic authority by-the sceptre which excrcifes it. Ctolutnb• dentinet. Foreign Intelligence. STOCKHOLM, March ij. THE Empress of Rullia is said to have required of our court,llo further intercourse, diredi or indi reCt, with France. The E)uke Regent has given or ders to equip a fleet of twelve ships of the line and four frigates, to serve as a convoy 10 the merchant men during the present war.—His Royal Highness is determined to observe the ftrirteft neutrality ; but these peaceable sentiments are not quite agreeeble to the Ruffian court. The Abbe de Verninac is expect ed here as Ambassador from the French National Convention. A few days ago Count Horn, Pie iident of the College of War, died s here, in the 73d year of his age. LONDON, March go. Abridgement oj the State of Politics for this we-ek. It is an observation of Lord Ba con's, that " the best things of na ture, when corrupted, become the worft—Corruptio optimi fit peffi ma." There is not a more noble or more animating passion that fires the human breast than the love of liberty. But even this paffion,when it bursts the barriers,of rea(on, and lays-profit ate every other consider ation, degenerates into a torrent of licentiousness, bold and irrefiftable iu proportion to the vigour of that ere<ft sentiment of which it is an unfortunate perverhon, which sweeps before it the gradual and leifnrely monuments of humanity, refinement, and political and civil government,and reftoresand threat ens the reign of anarchy, common ly followed by that of despotic pow er. The truth of Lord Verulam's position with refpe<ft to things mo ral and political, is fatally verified by the present disastrous state of France. A moderate and not nnreafonable share of fcbe rty was offered to the French nation by the late excellent King : & greater was aflumed, with out opposition on the part of the monarch, by the firft National As sembly, without due confidei ation of all the mutual dependencies of the French monarchy, and how strong a head and hand it required to keep togeiher so vast and so com plicated a fabric. The political in fignificance of the king, unluppnrt ed as he was by an intermediatory power between the throne and the generhl afl'embly,. was quickly fol lowed by tumult and not a little bloodshed. The lecond National Afl'embly alfumcd more liberjy, and blood began to flow a-pace. This democracy, according to a very just though nire difciintinarion, was soon changed into aLaocracy. The mob of Paris gave law to the Aflem bly and the ination. Horrors and maflacres were multiplied, and are £1511 increafcd. Infurretftions begin to appear at Bourdeaux, Lyons, and other places in France, inoppofition to the sudden and ill-digested go vernment of the ufurpprs. Civil war is kindled in the interior, while the world, combined in arms, prefl es on the frontiersof France. The miseries of that unhappy kingdom verge fad to the extremity of poli tical distress, that knows no conso lation save only this, that it cannot be lasting ; and contemplates the alternative of quick recovery or speedy diflolution. But the ills of this dilmal date of affairs are not confined to one coun try or one age—Liberty is wound ed by her votaries ran mad—the cause of justice and freedom is hurt by the injustice of those who only afiume her name, and whose moral conduit,unreftaained hpf iioralprin ciple, coincides exatfjy with brutal appetite and physical necedity. From ■rat LONDON GAZETTE, Awn. 9. HAGUE, April 3. INTELLIGENCE has been received from Gen. Clairfayt, dated at Tour nay the 2d instant, advising that General Dumourier had that morning sent to him as prisoners, M. Bournooville, M. Ca mus, and other Commissioners Who had been authorifcd by the National Conven tion to apprehend him, and conduct him to their bar ; and chat, in a letter which he at the fam* time wrote to Gen, Clair fayt, he declared his intention to _march the next morning with his army for Parrs. April 6. The re-surrender of Breda, has com pleated the rapid deliverance of Holland from the threatened tyranny of French fraternity. How far the events of this (hort war may have fuVdued the spirit of democracy, cannofc.at prefeot be ascertained. Parties still tnn high, and both fides speculate at this moment pret ty freely on the confequeaces which may flow from the punishment, or mercy that may be administered to the Dutch revolt ers now taken in arms. The Prmcefs of Orange, through the whole of the prcfent conflict, has judiciously declined appear ing too forward in the military councils. Lord Auckland, as British minister, has conciliated the general refpeft of the con federate powers, by the wife and decided measures he proposed, and which he has had the address to carry rapidly into ef fe£,maugre the wonted system of Dutch deliberation ! Gen. Boetzlaar and .his lovely daughters have been received at court with every possible mark of esteem. The Saxe Gotha regiment, the principal gallant defenders of Williamftadt, have marched into this garrison on royal duty. DUMOURIER'4 flight. BRUSSELS, April 2. Letter from his Excellency General Clair- fayt, to MonsieUr Comte Statemberg, Imperial Minister at the Hague, dated Tout nay, March 31. " I lose not a moment in communicat ing to your Excellency what Dumourier has just written to me, when he sent to our camp eight or nine prisoners, this morning; four of whom, with General Bournonville, he fays, were specially commiflioned by the National Conventiort to arrest and conduct him a prisoner to their bar ; and, on any resistance on the part of Dumourier, to have him afiaflin ated on the road. " But," adds the wri ter, " I have been before-hand with them, in securing those commifiioners and their deputies as my piifoneis." These he has sent under a itrong escort to the Prince de Cobouig, after Tiaving put leals to all their papers, &c. " M. Dumouricr transmitted n.e at the fame time a lift of the prisoners, and con cludes by faying, " that he was that in itant about to move with the ttufty pait of his army, in order to destroy those who may further oppose themselves to the pub lic good of Fiance, and to give to that diftrafted kingdom permanent peace and tranquillity. " 1 have the honor to be, !cc. &c. COLbGNE, April 2. We are, this instant informed, that Cuftine having marched from Mentz, on the lft inft. to retake Copenheim, the two wings of the Prussian' army cut off his retreat, and he was entirely fuiround ed with all his army, and it was supposed he could not escape. Every thing is ready for the bombard' ment of Mentz and Caflel, and if the gar. rifons do not surrender they will be entire ly destroyed. BERGEN-OP-ZOOM, April 4. Intelligence has been received from the Prince de Saxe Cobourg's head quarters at Mons, that an armistice had been a 414 irreed upon between his fcrere li.gUeCi and general Dumourier, the latter hav.ng previoufiy conferred to evacuate the Aul trian Netherlands and Dutch Brabant That general Dumourier set out on the 2d inft. on his mareh to Paris—That his serene highness had put his troops into close cantonments, keeping them in im mediate readiness to aci— That the king of Prussia had crofled the Rhine at Bu chera, attacked the French at Bingen, Creutzenach and Altheim, took general Neuwinger, 50 officers, 200 non-com rniffioned officers and privates, 15 cannon and a military chest, and had formed the blockade of Mayence ; —That general Wurmfer, with a Prussian corps, was im mediately to pass the Rhine at Manheim, and ad on the left of the king—That Worms and Oppenheim were evacuated, and that the enemy bad retreated from tbofe places towards Landau. These o perations happened between the 27th of March and the lit of April. |>ARIS, April 3. At length you are ir. possession of the proceedings of the convention since the time that all communication ha* been ftopt between the two countries. I like wise fend you some account of the pro ceedings of - the Jacobin Club, and the Commune, which at this crisis are of con siderable importance. The clubs, yoa will fee, now exercise both the legislative and executive functions of government, and while they didate to the deliberations of the Convention, iflue their mandates with all the imperioufnefs of conflicted authority. These I accompany with some little details, which will moie clearly (hew you the state of facts, and the spi rit which prevails in this capital. By some, Dumourier is accused a« a traitor, and as having acted all along with views hostile to his country. By others, his conduct is juftified upon the ground of necessity, and reprefemed as the only resource which his present situation allow ed. He has been publicly threatened with assassination. In th; club of Cor deliers, it wasrefolved on the 26th March that he and the other commanders of the army (hould be brought to Paris in order to be tried ; "and if," ct ied some of 1 hose present, " they escape the tribunal, they (hall not escape us." In consequence of an order of the com mittee of fuperintendance, all the papers of Roland have been sealed up. He is accused of being concerned in the confe deracy with Dumourier. Oiders of arrest are iffutd against Mef dames Sillery, Egalite, Lady Fitzgerald j against Valence, Egalite the younger, Montjoye, and others, who are officers under the command of Dumourier. " CLAIRFAYT." Danton, the other day, used in the con vention, a iimile certainly by no means inapplicable to the present Itate of the French Legislation. " A great Revo lution, said he, is like a met3l which boil* in a furnace ; the statue of Liberty is not yet founded ; if you do not know how to manage the furnace, the metal will boil over and burn you." The Commissioners of public fafety have announced to the convention the discovery ac Chatuilly, of the most valu able effe&s of the Prince of Conde.— They have already sent to Paris 2208 marks of gold and lilver. They itate too that they have found there a vast number of letters, among which were some from the late King, the Queen, Madame Eli zabeth, Neckar, Calonne, Dubarry, &c. and the secret motives of the expences of the Red Book, and various articles rela tive to the Revolution. As it wasfup pofed that much more remained to be dis covered, two commissioners were ordered by the convention to proceed to Chantil ly. Having rcached the place of their detlination, they wrote that they had dif covercd various secret openings in the walls of the palace, in which were new made mulkets and ammunition, papers, and two boxes of jewels. They demand ed powers to feaich the houses and papers of variovs persons fufpe&ed of concealing efFe£tsof the late Prince of Conde. New commissioners and new powers were sent to them, with particular inltrudtions to prefeive the Cabinet of Natural Hiltory. 1 lie confufion which reigns here can more easily be conceived than described. We seem to have returned to a Hate of complete and political chaos. All is tu mult and disorder. In this situation, force alone can decide, and difcntangle the jarring elements. Those however, whofoiefce a fyeedy conclutkm to the prefe.it (lalft of diltra&ion, will p' :>i be miltaken. That order will fpnng ti a confufion, and fume regular form of g.». vernment facceed to the present anarchv, is indeed to be hoped, but not speedily to be looked for. In proportion to the violence with which diltra&ion now ragei must be the time it willrequire to subside. Before the government can be regenera ted, and the numerous crimes committed at the different periods of the Rerolutioa done away, it must be purified by much blood. Even fiippofe the war Ihould be brought to a more speedy cOncluGon than is at present probable, it will be difficult to determine in what mode things can be fettled. There is such a collilion of pat (ions, prejudices and interests that it mult be leng before any fettled order ofthing» can take place. What means indeed will be found to reconcile the wilhes and adjult the claims of the different paities, it is impoflible to forefee. We now touch on a new sera of a re solution which has been continually va rying it« form, and giving life to frefti changes; a revolution which has iftonilh ed ordinary observers, by the novelty, magnitude, and rapid fuccclSon of events; which has filled with horror the friends of humanity, by the crimes which it has produced, and the evils with which it threatens hnmanity : and which has open ed a new field of curiosity and fpeculati. on to the Philosopher, while it baffles e very effort of teafoning and conje&ure. SITTING of the JACOBINS. March 29. Robefpieire, inveighed bitterly against a decree pafled on the morning fitting 3. gainst those who might inltigate to mur der and pillage. He requested that that part of the convention, which did not wish for the public good, migkt be un mailced, and that they Ihould be deprived of the power of doing hurt. " Let, said he, the faithful departments be in vited to proceed againlt those who are unfaithful, in order to crulh them. Strike at length ; (It ike all traitors, and iefpe& only the national representatives." March 31. Marat.—" The dangers which threa ten our country ate at their height, and the moment has arrived when the courage of Republicans ought to be displayed-—• The treacheries of oui* generals are no longer a mystery.' My predictions are accomplished. But we have opened our • eyes too late. A messenger ha 6 been dis patched to Dumourier, and I will warrant that by this time he has emigrated. Bour nonville has set out to seize all the papers which may tend to convi& himfelf, and perhaps to try to march againit Paris with Dumourier. Danton in a speech of some length, recapitulated his former services, in hav ing prevented the miniltry, of which he was a member, from leaving Palis in Sep tember last. He knew Dumourier to be unprincipled and ambitious ; but he knew his military talents, and wished to give his country the benefit of them. But Dumourier conceived the proje£t of con quering the Netherlands and Holland, ft making himfelf their Prote&or. All his a&ions were infe£led by this idea ; and if he did not annihilate the Prussians in the camp of La Lane, it was because he wished to reserve himfelf an asylum in cafe of defeat, in the dates of Frederick Wil liam. His retreat from Belgium was ra ther the faulc of his inferior officers than his own. Miranda was a fool or a trai tor. When Dumourier returned from Holland to Belgiunl he was quite dejec ted. The failure of hjs visionary projedU reduced him almolt to a (late of insanity. He retained nothing of a Republican but his military ardour, and fought every 2 leagues. " But, continued the speaker, let us leave this raving general, and think only of saving the Republic. France is far from having lolt her force. Under Louis XIV. (he combated all Europe, with resources far inferior. But where are those resources ? It is for the Jacobins to find them. It is not enough to have levied an army of 300,000 men ; we mud raise a central army to defend Paris, and succour all the r<;tt. Let the Jacobins call upon all good citizens, and feleft those who are the mod capable to defend their country, and we (hall soon have a formidable-army. The factious talk of dissolving the convention ; I cannot bear the idea of diftolutiun. Let those who have (hewn themselves too pulillanimous to join their names to tV'fe wliofe glory will defcendto posterity, withdraw from it. Let us engage the people to speak»
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