Foreign Affairs. The Bmifh Packet Queen Charlotte, Capt. Fargie, arrived at New-iotk on Thurjday lajl in 38 daxs jiom Falmouth, Jht brought London papers to the 9th cj January. VIENNA, November 25. r i? no more talk of peace—our X court is re'olved to facrifiep every thing rather than yield to France ; besides the 10 battalio is which are already marching, fur ther orders have been given for 110,000 men. This immense army will require 15,000 l»or£- es for the transport of the ammunition* and provisions, and 30/500 men to conduit the waggons, to follow the magazines, The Hungarian army of 72,000 men are already on their march, and are arrived in the envi« rons of Vienna. Toe Archduke Palatine commands them in pet ion. The Diet of Ra tifoou has now given its coitfent to the triple quota to be furnilhed by toe different States of the Roman Empire. The. Elector of Ba varia has already furnifhed his contingent, which is to rendezvous at Donauwert, and from thence to march straight to Manheim. A courier, which arrived on the 26th of Kovember from England, brought very im portant dispatches relative to the mediation fcettfeen Austria and France, which England has taken upon her fa If. Dec. 15. We have accounts that the Porte It arming against Railia. M E N T Z, pec. 15. General Cultino has declared this city to tie in a state of liege, and has retired to 1 it with 4:3,000 men, who are determined to de fend it to the last. The Pruflians and Hes sians, with the King and the Landgrave at the head of about 70,200 men, are surround ing us close, with a formidable train of ar tillery. Our garrison has made a sortie, in which the i> ruffians 101 l 15 meu aind two can nons. BERLIN, Dec. IJ. Warlike preparations go on Sere with the alacrity, and every arrangement is making for a inoft vigorous campaign, to be entered upon as early next spring as poflible. HANOVER, Dec. 17. The Regency of this Electorate have re ceived orders from his Britannic niajefty, our ele&or, to dispatch for the army which is to be formed in the Empire the contingen cy of this electorate. BRUSSELS, Dec. 15. We have just learned that the day before yesterday an action took place between the French and the Aultrians potted on the Heights of Verviers. The battle was sup ported with great valor on both fides, till the imperialists were obliged to give way, leav ing Rechen and Herve to the French, and retiring to the woods of Aix-la-Ciiapelie.— We expect farther details. PARIS, December 33. NATIONAL CONVENTION. Wednesday, December 26. TRIAL OF LOUIS XVI. It having been decided on Tuesday, in tortfequence of a request from the Command ant General of Paris, that the unfortunate Louis should be brought to the bar the next morning, at 9 o'clock, the fitting of Wednef dav commenced at that hour. Within a few minutes afterwards, the Pre sident said, " I announce to the All'embly that Louis and his defenders are ready to ap pear at the bar. I forbid the members or the ipeftaturs to (hew any signs of censure or ap probation. Louis then appeared at the bar, accompanied Ijy M. M. Lamorignon Mallher bes, Tronchet, de Seze, the Mayor of Paris, and the Commandant of the National Guards. The Pie fide nt said, Louis the Convention has decreed, that you ihould be definitively heard to-day. " My Coanfel will read to you my Louis, defence." M. do Seze then read for some hours the defence, of which the substance is here given, as exactly as we can collect it, though the whole could by no means be contained within the limits of a newspaper. It began thus: " Citizen Reprelentatives of the Nation, the moment is then arrived, in which Louis, accused in the name of the French people, and surrounded by the Counlel which humanity and the law have given him, is about to deli ver his juftificattnfi.' Even the silence with ■which we are surrounded, informs me, that the day of jaltice has succeeded to the day of presumption and pre-judgment. The mif fortunes of Kings have something much more affecting and more sacred than those of other men ; and he who once occupied the nioft brilliant Throne in the univ«rle, ought to ex cite the molt powerful You have called him into the midst of you, and he is Come, with«alnniefs, with dignity, itrong in his innonccnce, fuppoiteciby the teftinionv of a whple life. He has difiovered to you such to be his thoughts, by diicuffmg, without pre paration, without examination,charges which be could n'(t forefee, and offering an extem porary defence. Louis could only tell you of his innocence ; I come to piove it. Would that this circle could increase tffl the whole multitude of citizen',, who have received a dreadful imprelfion againll him, could be con tained in it, that they might form a different opinion. Louis knows that Europe experts, with impatience, the judgment which you shall give; he knows, that posterity will, one day, inveltigate it j but he considers only his Contemporaries. Like liinj «ve torget poste rity, and fee only the present moment." M. de Seze then said, that the question be confiderid in two points of view, aitker with refpert to Louis bcfcie or after his acceptance of the Constitution. The Na tion, he admitted, was tlie Sovereign, and was tree to give itfelf what fonn of govern ment it pleal'ed ; but the Nation itfelf could not exercile its own Sovereignty, and mult, therefore, delegate it. In 1789 the Nation thole a monarcbia! government, and decreed the inviolability of its chief. He then (hew ed that the forfeiture of the throne was the only puniihment to which the King, accord ing to the Constitution, could be fubjeft; and that it was only for the crimes committed af ter this destitution, that he could be tried, like other citizens. . Either the crimes of which Louis was accused, were held crime» by the Constitutional Ast, and of course, if proved, were to be puniihed according to that Ast, or they were not to- be found in it; and were, therefore, not to De Buuiflted at all- H* would, however, adin>t,fur argument's fake, that the crimes were all proved, and all mentioned in the Act. What then was the punilhrilent! The abdication of the Throne. Bui it might be (aid. that the nation had already abolifhcd tlie Throne, so that there was 110 further puniihment ot Lou is; were new laws to be made, applicable on ly to one aan, and formed fincethe accusation itfelf! If, however, Louis was to be deprived of bis inviolability as a King, he inuft then, of course, have the right of being judged like a Citizen, and in that cafe, where were the pre fervatory forms of trial decreed for citizens by the law? Where were tfie Jurors, tfiofe hoflages for the lives and honor of Citizens ? Where was the proportion of fuffrages which the law had so wifely established ? Where that silent ballot which inciolcd within the fame urn, the opinion and conscience of thfe Judge ? 4t I speak to you/' said M. ,de* Seze, 44 with the freedom of a free man ; I search among you for Judges, and I fee only Accusers; you would give judgment upon Louis, and you have accused him ; you would try him, and you have already expressed your will. " As to tbe charge of hav ing wished to dis solve the National .AfTembly* Was it forgot ten that Louis had convoked it P Was it for gotten that during 150 years Princes, more jealous of their authority, had constantly re fufed that convocation ? Was it forgotten,that but for Louis—but for the numerous facri fices tosvhich he had consented, the audienee could not then be fitting to deliberate upon the interests of the State ?" He would not then speak of the Memoir in whichTallien was said to have the care of pro ducing a Counter Revolution intruded in part to him ; but even upon an ordinary tri al, could it be permitted, that papers taken from a citizen, without an inventory and uu fealed, by the invasion of his house, should bfc produced in the evideuce againil him ? In some of these papers mention was made of money which had been expended ; but even if it was denied that this expence was for pur poses of benevolence, could it be forgotten how easily Kings were circumvented and de ceived ? The plan of a letter to La Fayette and Mirabeau was spoken of, but this letter had not been sent; and as to the letter of thanks to Bouille, the Constituent AfTembly itfelf had voted thanks to that officer. But the words werefVill to be uttered which would immediately overthrow the whole series of accusations—they were these : . 4i s[ub to all these circumstances, Louis accepted the Constitution. The Constitution was the padfc of alliance between the People and the King—there was no longer any contention— the past was forgotten. What had been done subsequent to this acceptance was now to be examined. " The Constitution had not ordered the guarantee of the King for the Ministers ; but, on the contrary had commanded the refpon iibility of the Ministers for the King ; and even if the Constitution was forgotten, the King and his Ministers could not be both ac cused for the fame a<fts. Louis had been ac cused of delay ing the execution of the decree relative to Avignon—the Minister Oeleffart had been accuTed of the fame thjng. Louis had been accuted of not communicating in telligence of the Treaty of Pilnitz ; but was not that the province of.the if it hadheen a public in {tea d of a secret tranf aftion ? He had been reproaehed with the troubles of Nimes, Jales, and other places ; but was the King to be answerable for all the troubles of a great Revolution ? The account given by Narboune was laid to the charge of Louis ; but had not the National Afl'cmbly itftlf declared, that Narbonne carried with him the regrets and the confidence of the Na tion ? ahe surrender of Longwy and Verdun weie imputed to him ; but were not the in habitants of these places the guilty persons ? And who had appointed the Cpmmander of Verdun, who chose rather to die than to yield ?—Was it not Louis M. dc Seze pursued his speech with much perspicuity, contending and (hewing, that ei ther Louis had no of the circum ttances with Which he was charged, or that they were not crimtiya! ; or that he could not be held responsible for them ; or that, if ie jfponfible, the punifliment could.not justly, or even lawfully be greater thau the deposition. With refpeft to ftie affair of the 10th of August, he argued, that the King had made no preparation for the defence of his own Pa lace ; that the condi tut ion al magistrates {vera with him, and that one of those read the arti cle of the law wMch authorized the oppofitiQn of force to force ; that when he was invited to the AffemblV, he went there, and that, the battle did not commence till an hour after ward*. It trad been fa id by many deputies in the Convention, that thfcy had aflifted in pro ducing the events of that clay : If then, they had been premeditated, how couid Louis be accused of them ? Louis, who had never given a sanguinary order; who, at Wetmes, chofc ratliqr to return a captive than to expjfc the -310- life of one man ; who, on the 2oth of June, re futed evpry fort of defence, and chose rather toreinairi alone in the midst of his people • — Louis, of whom history would be heard to fay, that during a reign of twenty years he had borne only an example of moderation,jultice He economy ! who h-)d abolished servitude in his domains ; who, when the people wiihed for liberty, gave it to them ? Tliere was liere some murmur ; but the Counsel went through several other articles of the accusatory ast, which it is less materi al to notice here, and admonilhed the Conven tion that history would judge their judgment. At the conclufmn of the speech Louis role and said, " Citizens, the means of my de fence have beenjult exiled to you j I (hall not relume them. In speaking to you, per haps, for the last time, I declare that ijiy con* science reproaches me with nothing. My de fenders have laid only the tiuth. " My heart is torn when I perceive mylelf fufpefted of having wiihed to (hed the blood of the people, and especially of being the au thor of what palled on the loth of Augull. I avow, that the multiplied proofs of my love for the people seem to me fufficient to remove me from this charge,and prove,that I have not feared to expose myfelf that blood might be lived." The President presenting a note to Louis, asked him if he knew the writing ? Louis—No. Prelidert—Do you recollect these live keys? Lonis—l Cannot immediately recollect them : I know I returned some to Thierry when I was at the Convent of the Feuillans, but cannot positively fay that these are the fame. President—Have you nothing else to fay in your defence? Louis—No. Pref>dept-»-You may withdraw, Lou's and his Counsel withdrew, The AfTembly remained silent some mi nutes, when Manuel addrelTed thejn as fol lows,: 4< Citizens, I require Louis's defence to be deposited in the Court as well as his accusation, and that it, as well as every other proceeding, should be printed, distributed in less than 24 hours to the members of the AfTembly, and <ent to the different departments. I move likewise, that we adjourn this business fdr three days." Geniffeux and Thuriot, demanded that the defence of Louis should be signed by him and his Counsel.—Decreed. Dahern—lt is the practice of every tribu nal, after having the defence of the acrufed, to pass immediate judgment. I demand that the nominal appeal shall be immediately tak en on this question : Shall Louis fuffer death, or shall he (Loud applause from the Tribunes.) The President desired silence. It was proposed that Louis ihould be imme diately conduced back to the Temple.—De creed. 1 Ba/Jre. —I demand that judgment should be patted on t,ouis before we adjourn. (Loud clapping from the fralleries.) Lanjuinais.— I rife to oppose the motion of Bazire. The time of cruelty is parted ; fays he, no longer let decrees be forred from us. Is it wished that wc should deliberate without hav ing had lime to consider the defence ? Is it wished that Louis the last should be judged by the conspirators of the famous day of the lOih of August ? (The mountain uttered dreadful cries, and re quired that the Speaker should be sent to the Abbaye prison.) Lanjuinais insisted that the members of the Convention could not be at the fame timeaccu ftrs and ditpenfeis of the law. He demanded the report of the decree, which declares that Louis fhail he judged by the Convention; and that they (hould confine themfelvcs to taking proper precautions till they ihould decree by what tribunal Louis {hould be judged. The tiial was interrupted by a letter from the defenders of Louis XVlth, in which they ob served, that the speech pronounced in favor of the Prince, digested in haste, and filled up in different parts with fcratcbes and alterations, ought not to be considered as the copy of that which Ihould be made public. The Counsel therefoie demanded a fight ol the proofs before it was published, which was accordingly granted. Lecointre demanded an arrest of judgment for three days. Dubem wiihed it to be fettled without ad journing. (Loud applause from the tribunes.) We are judges, and not hangmen, exclaims Kerfaint, give us time to examine. (Hi Acs.) The President put the vote of adjournment.' Loud cries from the inhabitants of the Moun tain, the cut-throats oi the Convention who sur rounded the chair, reproved and threatened the President. The gallei ies joined them. Juhcn reproached the President for having held a conversation with MaHherbes, and he propol'ed that he (hould quit the chair. The President was enabled after some difficulty to explain and juftify himlelf. He offered to give up the chair to Barrere. In ike midifc of this confufion, a deputy ex claimed, we wish the definition of the tyrant of the countiy, hut at the fame time we are not willing jo be surprised. Another exclaimed, that it had been moved in the Parliament of England, whether an ambassador ihould be sent U> influence ihtsectnfolrations of ihc Convention. The Convention, fays Ducos, ought no iftore to attend to the ravings of Buikr* than to the manifeftoa of the Duke of ttiunfwick. At lrngtft Couthon prop"fed a decree, which was adopted almost unanimously, c< That the idifcuflion (Vtould remain open,and that all other bufinels being laid a fide, the Convention should entirely apply thcinfelves to thr affairs of Louis Capet, till (entente {hould be finally parted on him." were proposed, and frefti tu mults enfucd. Pction wished to speak, but he was intenupted by cries. The liberty of {peak ing was however granted hici by a <Jcccee.— "We will n<M have Petio,., opIB j„ , edßoutnot. Th* Bindiiu from thi lW ° h^ d J Cd m< ' mbe » "" '!« let. P«fed them, and ,h« , 10 , b.came P ,, r „|. • P.eWent obtained a,M dcLd Pnia Thi. deputy, ,fte r eomplain.n. that „ utterly imputable f OI h,„ '„, ! 01c " [h ' bune without fubjramg h, m ™?„ the mod 7 ' infilled tliat the decre* * »> ■hr""' ,d The unhappy Louis hi,f CWWn with rot the Redding ,e„, a, he fpokr. H.mfctfS Counsel weir heard very COMMUM or Lotii. came down from the 1 a™!"* S . pad 9; he exprrfTVd some unelKncf, Raid to the manner u, which his c..u„f r | . be conveyed to the Conv< „ii„„. Hethei, ed to the coach, and observed v. " ~Z tiort the detachment of cavaliy of the i" school that had been /ormed since hi. £ ment. When he was tc the carnage, he to a part ,n the convention, v h,ch h d t u °„ upon literature, and particularlv on attthors. One of his attendant, f.id, he did , ike Seneca, a, h„ excetave love of rich,, f rafted too much with hi. pretended philoW anil that he could not be pardoned for hav, dared to oalhate the crimes of Nero in the £ This reflect.on did not appear to affect him Speaking of L.vyLouis said, that he took 1 peafure m composing lo„ R wh,ch« tainly never had been pronounced but in , tt, of Tac'tus.' 8 W " V " y diffett " l f '° h . c w ->' »Ti»fd in the room where I was to wait till he was introduced, he found h counsel retired w,th them into a comer, „ conversed with them in private till he wascallt to appear at the bar, and alter his defence he „ turned into the fame apartment whtre tv, been r< reived t>n arrival. He w« very une»fy J bout frit courrffl t Srze, who wa« in a fate of perfpir«iian_l ou alked if there was no of pmcurir him a change of linen, oblerving thai ieh, fpokcn more than two hoiiri. On his return in the mayoi'a coick, he w 31 calm and serene at if he had hfeo iqa vn coitimori situation. A» he pasted before il place where frrrmerlv Oodrf' the barr»c|ti «/ t l French goard», he remarked wrttr iftom'fhmti tht superb taou/e that it qpw titded oa ib ground, He said in pleasantry to the secretaire Greflit jvho had hi» hat on in the carriage, " the la time you came you had forgot your hat; y c have been careful to-day." The procurator of the comtrtnne findinghiir felf a little indilpofed, the converfatioi tartit on the hofp'rtals of Paris. Louis wade son rcfleflions on the cxpencei of thn/e houses, in on the different plan* which had hern forme concerning them ; he carried hii further, and exprefTed a wifli that there waior in facj) feftion. The secretaire seemed to be concerned for hi fellow-citizens who formed the guard carriage, and who were walking in the mut and having saluted lome of his acquaintance Louis Taid to him* <{ Are those citizens of you ?"—" No, thev are fomc of the membn of the jreneral co ncil of the 10th of Auguf whom I fee with pleasure." The mayor holding his fnuff-box in his hanc we asked him for it, to examine his wife's pit tiire; weobferved that Che *as much hawifomr rhan her pitture. Louis defircd to look at i He took the box, and said that th mayor was a hapov man to poflcfs fomethinj better than the picture. He enquired of wha department was the mavor, and how long h had been married. On his paflage fomecrie were heard Fermr.z Us fenetres. Louis said C'ejl abominable. Chaumet informed hirn that ii was a measure of fafety the general council hac taken. " I thought," said Louis, 44 they Cried vxvela Fayette, which would be folly." There were some cries of a la Guillotine which did not at all difcornpofe him. Louis arrived in his apartment about 3 in tlx afternoon. Pari* is at this time as calm a* the prefenl circuraftances vrlJudifut of. The people ar< more occupied by the decree relative to tty family of the Bourbons than with the fate ol Louis. CONGRESS. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. FRIDAY, February 11. Mr. Heifler, of the committee on enroll" bills, informed the Houle, that the two bill signed yesterday, have been laid before the Pre sident of the United States, for hi> approbatiol and signature. A memorial was read from Arthur St Clair praying an adjustment and fettleirentof an at. count, presented by him to the late Board o! Treafiiry—Refsred toMeff. Fitzfimons, Thatch er and Hindmatr. A memorial from Jolin Rofs was read, pay ing the settlement of an old account —Rcfcrrec to Mess. Gerry, Huger and Tucker. A bill, fixing the time for the next anmii! meeting of Cqngrefs, was twice read, and 01 edto be engrofied for a third reading. A till, concerning bail proccfs and colt! 0 fees, in the Jud.cial Courts of the United StaW was twice read, and committed for Mond J next—lOO copies to be printed in the interim. A memorial of Hugh Hughes was read, tm rcfered to the Secretary of the Treasury. A message from the Prefidcnt, by Mr. Lot, informed the House, that two bills one in ft of Joseph Henderfon, the other m favor _°: 11 mas Wilhart, have received his approbation f ' S A'petition of Hannah Martin wa. wj fraying th* renewal ol a 101 l cettifi' a'e the table.
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