' l | ' i•' "i.'t ' 1 "> 1- . +■ f■"f ". ■ ,■ n '.mi iV ', .- i|t v .1,,.!. .. ■ 1.,---*.-*-1 —i, * i'r m.i '" f 1 1■ | " ■*. |m ji ilwi'i A NAIIQMAL I'Al'kß, I J 11) Wt, f>M ,VN[) SATI>RJ>A; ; 'Si B Y JOHS.FF.MifO, .No. 6o; pfj ll ADJ?I>HI A [No. 42, of Vol. IV.] MAX DAW- Al»'£HTm.R. (R'M <' CuliiMii fro** ' OaciU ofth: s-pa£ di >:nii>tion of the clei kt'oip <>t foreign 1 u,)a« Mr. frenewt i. thu ncxt circv.niftiPice.' irt the political conduct of Mr. |_■ rfer'on, vl'ich («n •• •> '.-ncc t» . • American. U|Mn tWi point the t'uH force oi hi', .renius appeal to 'me bwu ciillocK-J, hi pifli'oiu roused, a»J In; imagination to diipUved an unu'gal degree oi brilha.icy, Tlv apooi ltraent of thft'geiitlci»an to tl.at station hashed deemed an ast of ftich euonni! , that, like tin original !in of our liHt parents itVtirdu never be sxpiatwl. Deductions too, equally ftraive and wonderful, have been 4r»\*rf. from it." The i-njmutwa of a m.-v bi-ea.-h of duty in'tYii reflect wn a char;-? too mild »r.d leni ent for th/fJlwed enormity of the critic. The hii-iible rpte«|etk O.lice, with any deri-mto:it fomc,ftr'thc " public welfare, it has been i.e lied oil, even a! a proof of his lioftifity to the gw«nment itie'f. Happdy however the tri bunal to whom the appeal has been made, will be neither so fanciful nor indignant. Thole malign and unfriendly palfiorv, which prpy on the itfindof the writer, are entirely personal, and may be traced to personal motives. Bilt it Is not my dofire at prefttft, in purfuir of thsf'e doughty combatants, to make incurfioils into the epamy's ..territory, fopign cojiqueft i: OOt'.the object of tl-i? ciw... fh •e ul .lator; of f icnift of the im'perja.l cajife, wlie ttrir't'fiey dif/nd ftby qiielWoirAle feeuilstioli,i; of moreopin an<explicit»v6w:iri<ffft<fir fait i, may for a time relt in repoft. A ipore humble piyp9ie, a aiere doineftic defence of the per. faai tig'lts, tile vindicntiow of .the weilrearn ed fain: of a vlrfaous citizen, cgjipft ye'rit and'mafic\oaWTanJ«;r«, is tile fob' object of the prefenf undertaking. Th® propriety of ever? act, In p i tbl: c a? as private life, m'ifl.be feanned by forae Icnov/iv and fixed principles. \i it l£atuh the left of tbet>t".e aepiit w.il,', i.. proportion to.jts relaj tive importance, merit well of his country and on 'the cqnfraty/i'f by thi'sVAeafare it mould) lie foam' 3efcftivcJ v he xvlinri the dfcjfee ' en titled toirepriiisilfion. Tlie'c«ire in general so plain and »byio(j-., and especially io tel»tion to thf duties,th2,fej(ei;aldpj>artnients of our go vernment, (hat wheq any ast pfa public ser vant fiiM be if facts are like wife submitted, the unfophifticat'ed common sense of every citizen ,mav immediately' drVange it in tiie scale to sv'iic'liti belongs.' The dtfp?nf£siop to office, t}vo' among the Ijkewife among lljqmoft lim ple of public-duties'. One iolftary principle go verijs.jyery : " That the man appointed to an itsce fliirfVi ifrcproachabte' lit point ot qioraiity jan.l in other. refpafts wfH qualified to djiibarge its dutiei.with credit to . huu%lT andi advantage"to Ms country.*' T'.ie piyfl ordma ry capacity ikay comprehend tlji principle, and know what Ihouid be done. Talents oi the more elevated kind are only requisite to eligible, tbnfe truftpesof this,portion of clio public con fidence, in the range, of faculties, tp diftineuilh betwee i nien, acd to . feleft those bell tuifed'for 'the fthtioris to Ihallbe dediaed. To appl", in 'li irt, the moit cspeiii ent means far tlie attiiinment of given ends. If appointments, drain the highffft to the lowest gfade, f' 13 t?H/)f; enquiry fciy this cri terion, tbofe,who confer tjienj c.on teut ed : tliey have notning to apprebttia | om.th4 reproach of their own conftienbes, or the ceu fure oi'the public. T i lit 1 wsth,propriety the hn?ible station in but,few qualifications appear, to be (Pecflfary, pnd tliefe to ,be cojTjpriied in,tl3e fpl jlpwuid particulars • " that "he be a ci,tizen of lornef pne of theTe States, and acquainted with foreign lktigtiages;" That he fhbulcl be a citir •zen ( and i'f not a nitivS, a resident for a term •of fufficiesnt duration, to .ailiire a superior at- to fhis, over every jother try, f;?ms awglutely. ; for be longs totlie department of State, in which ait fairs with fbreign nations are tFanfafted, pas* thro«gh<Ms hands : aftd t»at he (hotfd poC- a knowledge of foreign languages, mull: bfe pqupjly so ; sot Qtherwifti he would receive (i f Catu/lu<, jvhom I cotiftJer a% tjie American, fays A in cjfetf, that the publication by Mr. John Adams, up'- on thefubjetlvf goifernm nt, has been written Ji) ob~ fcurely, that no person could tell whether he was an a'i vJthte Jfir hereditary .eiders or not ;of cour J:, tha,t U would bear either cjnflruFlion. '/ had concluded, Jrom the pej ufal (pace gave that voluminous and pon derous work that the. equivocation, intended, had beein covered with so thirt a veii\ that no per Jon mould mif taie his sentiments on that point. Indeed J have al ways, nnderjloody it mas ocknaml edged, by his more in- UmAe friends, that its merit confifled in the candor ivith which he ful'poiUd, at the r[fk oj his po pularity, that kind of government. It is with reluc tance I mention this gentleman ; I Jhould not knvt done , H hai his friend nts brought hint farm Qui. coreper.ktbn \\ Using aate ift- ' | No. 111. Limited, however, as the fca'f.. ess rvetcU>D qualification may yet candor admit that i: is difficult, to them - onirefi- in /anje.gerfqii 1 t')>r j.t iq which (.aunot bi fcentr'overtfd, .tiat ::rc' bat i 'caii'!, fft' anyranli'dr iifclimftantes Vis Ti?c* polTv'J": a»*stteiHtvif ot'ifoietjn Itinr . Arteaar*dJ»ei!e«ce, tfawi, tir l!: 3 fir j rerjuiiite Itiftlk d:mM<ifi»-tlnf re.' qiijr«4,H r c6<;'fPfy i" tl»e latter., _ ■ ■ Anoti.' i; of weiol.t. muttftiil contribute (if redoes of i'< [ feflinrf, to kTiiucK nii^WriftMc.*>T p ite fc'»ihf jjerfatiftir.nf 2j:nd»liafs per 110 rel'pcftable charaftep from a-/ft#;yrt.-Btotsf to abandoii.a lucrative ,or tiie cofii' Toi taltfe ease of private.' \Sih. ' '$6r Wn'it - 'ifT- ef^P'etaUy"iwtoii «foifice*i9 perioii tU utu y| wt&c «if/ in .wbiifc'thc RofcyeOs- M®T, chance to.Betide, (owhoe prdin.uy fu'iiifteiu it would not yield a ai('. In fhui.t it mti'tbe fhanifclr, that there c'aii be .1 1 rhoic in tli'. ;!;!;>-« I 'm' '■■ ■' a '< o!t n ■ illbuM Its -ec ',1 -milt hr 1 .r ; >-r t' .- oti.vt 4 .< ■ i-,ch..e ■o ;a ilcd Dv _ For this I havei been Mr "reneau preGnted t: e followir, { well ante -nti cited claim* 1 . A native .of (ire of the midda States, he had been liberally educated at Pr'nfce ton. To an accurate' knowledge and lVfiiiei :\fj in t >c En;»ii4h language, he tiad ■ adde-l ; ".uiilar acquiteipsn,t of ttje French; the-nfttiei vithwhoin we lia;ve tlie . nioft . intimate con lexiqn, and whose language lias become, in ; ;tedt meafurfe tliroitjhdu't Europe', 'trie jpiie'ra medium of political Aegn&atio'v. "That tkr'onr.l ife hts moral? v. ere without • blcinilb, nhd lii ondu,& iivtho.coifcfe of the tevoiuti«»,-tHisiii! .arioofly occupied, that of a i»ii(id whig 4"tU epublit ! Perhaps his.fufferings; having beei aken a priiojxvr •" the late wnr, Md eoiifinet .bra conial arable time in i.he (hip jeife.;.:, that Voted rccep'taclc for m fortunate 'Ame 1 icat aptiv'e*;' ir.fty '*tivi excited (time additiona Vmpatbv in his favor. Much, l.mverfr, I have iiidei'tiood, were lis pretentions and wl;etV'. ■iie.v were '.}t tuiic-i: 11 tojiave 'econuneiHUt nn\ to an higher ilatipn, tlie jmbjic iljiie.' To what trait 111 h.-; character, wtt.it- eWWI n hi? <]Ualilicati on«, does Ore Ariierican ofcjer" ? l'o hi ", oc cupati '11 ?— '.ad it to, to oca upat'.ou. generally, or to this in particular ? 'J'he low ;ate» or gride of competifutiou, it has been al ■ea^y'ihewn! precluded the hope ot obtaining nan out ofbuffyei'. A)id to'that of the pre!; ri particular, what vi-|].fonrded objection car >e oppolcd ; I; it lei's honorable, lets beneficia. :o mankind than ail other? : and does the Ante •ican cetne forward to traduce and lcUftt.it ir ;he estimation of the public ' .Vain and unvur :hy effort ! "jrv/hi'it its fe'vltct fiull be re-, aembered in raifisit man from a low and de rradid-iliM of b.irbarifin to the high i> it pro Ve • iient of .lis talents, in tlie perfeftjoii of the art ": md Icienees, which form? the p;vu<! boalt ot i]od«rn t iutes every attempt of this kind mull ie reprobated. Vhether'fie had'already letup a pre!a otwai ibont to do It For the American may have it rither wv.) it being the fupplcniental aid it; "uppatt of hi? funit--, tt> enable l.ini to under -ake the duties of this clerkftiip, wherein doc; :he difference consist"? 'If in the fprmer init.ancs t would l ave been proper, wh'y'lefs. lb in the atter > t'n!ef?'it can b: ihevi n, that the e.Torl a. eftalilidi a press, (bould" in all cases be dif- or difcotirajed wherr attempted by. ? nan ps his character —a whig and republican : s7otild it hot be ftard on men of merit in hi; ine, and highly detrimental to the public, il ;he door of preferment! flionld -be (hut again!! :iiem, and the friendly countenance of the mod -electable aad virtuous of their cou.itrymcn. nhibited ? The conduct e/fthe press itTelf, is, m ever} •efacet, a diltin« thing, and for which Rtr [eitci-lbn can be 110 way accountable. -Like the irol'effions of law,or medicine, .the emolument lelong to the proprietor; and fir his Kjenc) herein,, he alone it answerable. If an tmpar ial vehicle of u'eful information, it will be tef lefted; aii3 if other it will fad; but i: his, the Secretary can be no further intereSCd. bail anv other republican. This, and ever, itber press, in a tree country, is or ihould b. men to him and others to publilh their fenti r.ems in. To "ay'that this'was more to,.wouk mpute to it. what .others wo6ld deny, as re iroachful to them. It would, in fact, derogate "rom the merit of the very impart ia : , and re! lettable channel, through which 1 now lurnii. hefe comme ita Tiiat he has, howevei, in i; :Unce availed himfelf of it, in the conununt ■ation of his sentiments to the public, has ngi leeri shewn, and is disproved, io lar a; he knew ,nv thing ab i-at it, by the oath ot the Printer. The abjection on the point of inHuencc, it tne haraeters in question were capable of it, ap pears to ine so light and contemptible, in rela ion to this appointment, as fcarcelv to rneiit ,nv farther n oice. For the difchargc ot cq- * J have under#ood he was recommended by feverM of his fellow-collegiates :—men ojhigk refutation, and | who wet e interejled in his wejare. WEDN £S iA c', O(fOii £if 2". J, [7V) j . 165 . - •• - ' . abfi.lutely necettary, and well defined, the i p#tant Yonftde'rationis. TUeVticcif. ofev«ry ! 'tested by law, and a faJSry apuqjaijl j oovernment —its capacity to com bine the exe ;.. V.. If the pecfop appointed performs tuition ot" public Ilren4ft with the preferyaron < f s what other claim can the principal have perfimal right anA'yrivatc fiscurit*, qualities on him . Is he not entitled, in focli event, as which <lefine the prrt«4io» of a .Government wII to tile approbation of the head of the niuft always naturally depend on the energy of pirtment, as to the legal cnmpe«fation ? I)e- the executive department. This energy, again .Jed, indeed, would tie condition of a free- must materially depend'on the union and. rrtu ntoll to -the acceptance of an office of this tuai'defofeijce', v.'b'.tfh fublift between the me.li i". d, was enjoined, not only the performance ben of that department,, and tha conformity j J ; :t > P<A»C duties, but likevilea low lijbfer- of their conduct with the views qf the executive vihjice, in thofc domestic tbricerhs, t*> th 6 will chief cf a iiiperior upon which his welfare, hftppinef: Difference of opinion lietween men engaged st 1 tame depended. Diofe circuinftancefr. in any putluit, i? a natural appendage y ich Characterize an influence of this kind, of human nature. Wlien only exerted in <he dif. tr a different afpetsl. It ca/i fxilt only in chdrgc'nf a dutv, withdellcacy andtemper,among tb >iti cases, where thpre is no intervening.ofticd, liberal and sensible men, it can create uo ani »" ftatrte ground, on which the Indepeudarrt mofity-j but wlien it produces.officious interfe -1 i (id rnav reft ileotire ;--in those cases wherb rences, dictated by no callof duty when it Vo t' employment itfelf is occasional, "and the lunteers a display of itfelf in a quarter, where I« tb. be employed,, -and the companlatioii there i» norefponfibility, to the obftruAion and it • the fervicc, difc.retionary. ,If fucji a call- emUlrraHment of one who is charged with an |.V r. exijt, 'tis not my. wiih to make the agpli- immediate and direst responsibility—it meftne ; ion for the fake of public decorum, <jf ceiTarily beget ill humour and discord between jo r.raon decency, I could have Wilhed there the parties. ! 1 been 110 foundation for the aliufion. Applied to the members of the executive ad l"Jv negocihtion, by which, this Worthy tha- mipiftration of any government, if mull necef | rter is Rated to.Wave beeri brought into this farfly"tend to'(Tctafiori,'morL' or less, diftraifted I ' uoaltorn defcriUad with great chnnc?ls, tofollcr factions ih t'te community, , pomp and loleinhity. f" r whole and pra&ically to weaken the government. pWtc aild private- virtues—for wbofe talents Moreover the Jiettds ®f.the several executive and-vary eniinet>tfervVc«<! to h?s country, and departments are jultly to be vie wad as amjilia parti'cularly for whose difiaterefted and repub- ries to the executive chief. Oppofitioii to any liefn patriotism, the good people ps thrfe Statejs mca'lure of his, by "either of thof'e heads of de l»ve lon« mo(l exalted efteeiri. partincnte.exdc'ptm the lhapebf frank,firm,ahd has been rppreientod the ; and 'independent advice to himfelf,is evidently con for the" purpose rtf subverting/the £ovet«nmeitt trary to the relations which •subsist between the he contributed to eilentiallj'to eftablifij. .parties. 'And,it cannot we]l be controverted Can the public Eiirid, Whefi thefc "fle.i-derous <jj(- that a meaftir'e hecomesjjts, so as to involve the : j>U'ati(Oiis'are palfed in review, witbhold from duty'of acqiiielcence on the part of the ifcem thtir author, the contempt aud kbhorrepc4, bert of his aclminiftratiar, as well by its haviii"' Mfliich jiye.defer'ycdly. his due ? ' received Ms ! fahfHorf irt tbe foumof a law, asby hi; approbation. In the theory of our government, the chief magistrate is.himJclt rcfponfible tor the exercise of every power ve'f.ed in lilni by tTie conftltu tion. Ofte of the pov.'crs entrusted to him, is that of objecting to bills which have palled the two lioofes of Congpefs. This fu[>pofes the du ty of objecting, when he is of opinion, that the object of any bill is either unctvfiitutiontl or pcr nicious. The approbation of a bill implies, that '~ J ' lot think it either t'-.e one o'r the other. Wr The reader is requcftcd to make the following correction in'Mi'. firft Let ter r£n line eighth, fnfle'ad bf u revenue from" rt,e d u se cu r ten ce to, }i FOR THE GAZti riL'OF THE L'XJTED STATES- jefferjim, deyo ttfei*i'Bol' kin<ilcs' at eWnt'foriii ii-L.w.,. ■ii.ii'ltll) iy rfucedwaltai" ftort'T"! <W ofit ™, to the ineafurcftiqt'! the EOvcrnmer.t.i-'Tiiaa cordinr t» rhfiiu, t'ufi.&iUHjiWt JitcH P?. V>'" tu ' in him,tiot anjy,.to,ha/3 railed t&ns', v/ith his Colleagues, lj ♦he cdtltfir offliflf ■A D «dVt» #ppSfttkm jWy hdfcPbfce considered and eoMJtsri .!>* tha: legtfla-»tlttyw} t', such tWtkeiXL p»ope: tl and Sncii&>&■!& 'ftlSems. Blanks " *&n» I Hious v mAej)eni}'eVlfci6t"chari'sfer. , ; »MYpnld strange inyfrflufi 6f, ttii ideas of decorum, propriety and WflHt 4 ,* VM«« $har*3wAMs a W*>ln party,, tkti mihingj theme of TjKoijiipm pf.what '?. ti'pl^a; ftVation of.a cab?ljinrf/eIC-fuffi(:ieutiand^fr^c H?6rv would afford it. j. .... In ordered '(MeWtfat tlifc epithets ttiifapfjfe<*,<i scour: a.finrf Slid «rt id'us- -ita«pcnaeti«c <J« guided by. 4 fenfc <*<&<?*' would di£t»ffj tp a (W W M has Htfcp re»^Fed : »ic>feflWC^la'"ly/ 1 qnifit'', bv'tiiS forhval difcuflion of thj #om Wv&ppeawWt?e te ! r ps smtefenoeaf t pailv loth in*. I. . > It '<»« ■ Tia teprobatud, wtio VaAaccgptod ao office in tfc^ p'/rtmferft, ffibuia tetieWtothrow the W*, j: his fch'drtcSefiAto tfi< "(tale, to Aippori a me| fk-e, hi Rt« Mfainct he aijipftitci, fctid li hhJifltifA W oppvfcd*—Or -XMI ,«ie' tnefflkfeW i the'Wimftrati?n ; fi»ould Witogstner acid/ and licret combinaim x into xvhofe vicafo es.tflc ptojW c\e'of iie tktfScJKaut'd in no iajkiff* ?'>•.,■••StS u | t ki vtfy HtbnVlA' meftiii) bitwftri aiding q a measure ; between LnthidifcSfffgi ps an officialtltiev, " r vql«9teerin& amoppdlitiOi to it in the'itoargtpf P° ***«*«!«• writ's Sito a ctofe and fecrej witl the' bthe'r aiemWs of* an dnc aeing tbe aftlve ifeadtf yf Mi ofprfititio' t6'it uieafores>' " •' The trus lvne of proprjety appeals to me t( be the following ":—A member o.i'„tbf tration, in one departmenf, oughl; only, to *f. tfcofe- flArfrtrei oTah6tfte>i vAWi where he disapproves, if csrfled oDdn »«' ialty. 6e ' Biftppr«n»no». Mitt avow,bis, opposition f bat ®ut of «i ttntifc ine he oaght not. to interfere, "> /""$ *» M[&*>*' fttobintiriuc: a pnUff.tkt gdwrjjlrfw- t^' n ■lie itiesiftire in;qH«ftidn has become a, law oftK and, efpeciatlSr With i tfireft T4n«idri ot the :hief is peculiarly his duty toac juiefte. A, contrary tdntluift. i» irtcohfift««t .vith his. relations ** an officer of. the go*er|- nent, and with a due refpeft, ai fufh r for tßc lecifions of the legijiaiure, and of the head ct He tfxecutivW ! depa#trffent.' TfC 1»» e " ere .„V in«2ted, ij dra-vn from obvious v«i7 ir *" ' [Wfiole-No.. fdr tiih opinion- The mer.kire becomes hie by adoption- Nor.conM he cleftpe a portion of the blame, which thouid finally attach itfelf to a bad pieafpre, to which he had given his confetit. I 'am prepared for funic declamation against the principles which have been laid down. Seme platvfible floui'iflVes have already been indulged. And it is' ta tie expected, that the pnbiic ear will be frill .further availed with the common place that so teadily pre It ot themselves, and are so de'jcteroufly retailed bv the trifiick ers fn pbpjilar prejudice. But it need never be feared 1 to fabrnif A> fofid truth to the deliberate and final opinion of an enlightened and fobec p e opjfi. n , What! (it will probably be qQffiy) is a m,an to faCriiice his- confidence and his judgment to an'bffiie'? Is he to be a dumb fyeflator of mea <u#e4NVhictthe deems lubverfiie of the intterefcs of hi* fellow-citl7ensl Is he to prift pone to the .tYivolous.rules ©f a fajfe eoniphr.- fance, or the ar-bitrary.diftates ot a tyrannical decorum, the higher duty, which lie owes to she Cofmnunity? I 'aftfwer, No ! he is to Jo none c-f ttjefe tliinj's. If'neci ;ii"t coalesce with thofc, with -.rVini he is atioci.itcd, a- - : as the rules ct uincial decorum,prop*iety & obligation may re quire,without abandoning what he conceives to be the true interest of the community, lut him frlace hirtifelf in a situation in which, he will ex perisr cc no collision of"oppofitc dutie*. Let h;m not cling to the honor or emolument of an rrii,ce whichever it may be that attracts him,and ccn tent himfelf with dele; ding the injured right* t,f the people by obfeure or indirect means. Let him renounce a situation which is a clog upcu his patriot!!!!! ; tell the people that he could no longer continue in it without forfeiting bi» dfcty n them, and that lie had chitted it to be more „t liberty to afford them his left services. Such is the course which would be indicated bv a firm and virtuous independence ot charac ter. Such the courle that would be puri'ued by i man attentive to unite the sense of delicacy ivith the tense of dots—in earneftahout the j>er nicious tendency of public measures, and more folic tous to act the disinterested friend ol the people, than the intereftcd ambitirus and in triouiog head of a party- ion rr.E gazliTlTTTZ'l vxiilv statu. WlllLthefcv'n propitious pours us Mrflingsdown, jfon» lerenc, sr.«J si-its without a howh; While Nature with a rich piolufion yMds, -\»d loads with grain thf.icl.lv i i.pcu'd fields; While Commerce Wafts us with her fwrllinp; l»il, • ott,'< rl.oiecft prodiifts r.n cach fav'rirg gale ; /.'hot I- w> p.otcft what indlillrv acquires, \r.d rcafon only limiu our dr-fiies; ;vhil (Mrrpnzc has t- .indlefj scope to ra*»< e » .<• rrfv') '<>»»» ,i!JI Ulr,; ma > dl ""i r! r« fnmr there arc. vrhofc fnu'nwnh cnv?'blirti, v : ,'i tf.:» fee »»<! darkntls turn. -jr* f ' A. »» . i- . „
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers