-'ill day of October, and similar to tlie models which /hall be sent to the different ports. Com mercial veflels (hall likewise lioilt, without delay, the fjid Flag Jn the ports of France : His Ma jesty having fixed on the ill day of Ap>il nexr, as thetime when ihe said commercial veflels may without inconvenience hoifl at sea and in foreign ports the new National Flag, provided the fo reign maritime powers fiiall then have been in formed of the change in the Flag, and have triven information in theirrefpetftive ports to the commandants of their Jhips of war andpiiva teers —His Majesty ordains that computing from the said time, (id day of April next) there flial! not be borne onboard of any French commercial veflels, either-in port, or at sea, any other than the National Flag according to the difpofitloiis announced in the 2d Art. of the law of the 31H day of October, hereby prohibiting the use of every other Flag, and of all thole particularly designated under the names of City Flags, Port Flags, Flags of the late Provinces, and others which may have been used ; and in cafe any com mercial veflel now at sea and not informed of the arrangement made by this Proclamation, jhould not enter into the Pons of the kingdom till after the epoch of the lit day of April next above fixed on, they shall not lie permitted to go out of the said ports, or again to put to sea, till after having hoilted the new National Flag. His Majelfy commands and orders the Com mandants of Ports, Arsenals, Commanders of Squadrons, Ships and other Veflels of War, Go vernors of Colonies, Intendants and Ordonna teurs of Marine, and of the Colonies, and all others to whom it fliail appertain, to govern themselves agreeable to this Proclamation, and to aid in the execution of it. DONE ar Paris the 31ft Day of O(Sober, 1790 (Signed) LOUIS. And lower down, MONTMORIN Newrern, April 9. ON Monday last, the Diftnft Courts of the United States, for the No r th-Carolina Diftrift, was held at the Corn t-Houfc in this town, before the Hon. Judge Sitgreaves. We have been favored with a copy of the CHARGE delivered to the Grand Jury, on this occasion. It is as follows : Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, YOU are now lmpannelled as an inquelt for the United States, for the North-Carolina diftritt. undei the authority of a Constitu tion, which has received the alTent of all America. To forbear to speak of this government on this occasion, (altho it may not be necefiary to the bufirtefs for which you are now af fcmbled) might argue an infenfibihty towards it, which no citi zen should ever feel. It was a happiness refcrved for the people of America, after hav ing fuccefsfully aflerted their claim to independence, to be per mitted calmly and deliberately, in the mild season of peace, un awed by external force—undifturbed by internal commotion 1 , to upon a system of government, which fliould bear the test of the most jealous examination, and be fan&ioned by general ap probation. What may not be presaged from a constitution thus framed ? In which local prejudices are made to yield to the primary object, thtfafety and happiness of the whole, by which a people inhabiting a vast extent of territory, under the influence of different climates «nd habits, have blended their interests in a perpetual union, pre fentingto the world a nation commanding admiration and refpedl. It would be pleafmg to contrast the present, with the former government ; to point out the energy and (lability of the one ; to ftiew the impotence and instability of the other. But this would be an unnecessary digreflion. It will fuffice to observe, that among the many advantages we had anticipated from the change, a few month's experience has already evinced, a rapid establishment of public and private credit, and an encreafed circulation of solid coin. Bythefeour commerce is already reviving; agriculture nnift soon fee''the effect. Under * government thus made by a people for themselves, ad ministered by their own citizens, and alterable at their pleasure ; in which the rights of mankind arc fully recognized and refped fd ; tie citizen as a member of a nation, forming a conspicuous fi gun-- in the grand society of the human race, while he laments the dfbafed situation of millions of his species, must be elevated with hs dignity and importance, and be readily induced to revere and lupport it. As members of such a nation, you are now called upon to per form a duty of great trust and importance. O.i grand juries depend i». a great meafnre the observance of the lows; through them the guilty is to be punished the laws to be refpe&ed. As the duty is similar to that -which you have often rendered to the state, the frequent performance of it, and the oath you have taken will cause a more particular direction unnecessary. The criminal jurifdi&ion of this Court extends to all crimes and •ffences against the United States committed within this diftrift, or upon the high feiis, by any person now -within the Diftrift, where no other punishment than whipping not exceeding thirty ftripej, a fine not exceeding one hundred dollars, or a term of im prisonment not exceeding fix months is to be inflicted. All such it is your duty to enquire into, and present, as well as ali breaches of the laws of impost, navigation or trade of the United States, which fubjeft the offender to indi£lment and punishment in this court. And it may not be improper here to observe, that how ever prevalent might be the opinion, when America was part of 'he British empire, that the evasion of the payment of the duties was riot dishonorable or unjust, vet such an idea, at this day must be generally execrated ; and it should be remembered that he who is guilty of a fraud on the revenue, commits a species of rob bery, by which every citizen is injured. It will be also your duty to present the misbehaviour of the offi •ericfthe revenue, if such should come to your knowledge. '1 he pofiil ulit'/ of negligence and corruption in th: subordinate officers wiJ! render the vigilance of the public eye proper. The gentleman who now acts as <\ £torne y f° r United States will preparenny business that mav be offered for your confidera 'ion, and the Court will be ready to afford you any efliitance or ad dict that may be neccfTary. ihc Hon. JOHN SITGREAVES, Esquire, Diftria Judge of the United States. May it pi cafe your lienor, .THE Grand Jury of the United States for North Carolina dif cheerfully embrace this in'erefliug occaiion to thank your %>npr for th« Charge delivered thenj ydterday, and feci a pica- hire in cspreffing to you their jpprobation of the Cotlftitution, under which this Court is- now fitting. Ihe organization of the government of the United States and the adininiflration of it realize the hopes we had formed of the benefits and advantages to he derived from it. Imprefled asl we are with the tnoll favorable opinion of it, and the adminiftration,convinced that the happiness and fafety oV the people of America, mull depend on an efficient government, which can aflert the dignity of the nation, and secure the liberty of its citizens, we lhall with great cheeifulncfs give every facility to the execution of its measures. The Grand Jury are fully convinced of the propriety of your Honor's observations, relative to the drift execution of the reve nue laws, and lliall always consider that man, as an enemy to his country, and not worthy of being a citizen of a free state, who can deliberately defraud the public oF any part of its revenue. We should doviolenceto our feelings, if we did not express to you the pleasure we enjoy, in beholding the distribution of justice placed in the hands of a man, lor whom we have the greatcft re gard and affe&ion. Frederick Harnett, Foreman. W. Shepard. F. Lowthiop, W. Good, E. Bell, W. Dennis, jun. W. Blount, N. A.' 14ray, W. Randal, J. Blount, A. Harvey, S. Willis, J. Cook, W. Lawrance, fc. Tinker, W. Henry, J. Small wood, E. Alexander. Jitry-tloom, Apjit 5. William Slade, Silas White Arnett and Benjamin Woods,Efq'is. were admitted to practice in this Court as Attornies and Counl fellors at Law, and qualified accordingly. The number of fouls in the diftrift of Newbern, as enumerated by the Deputy-Marshal, is 5603^, From the (Bojlon) Co-lumbi an Cen rin el SOUTHERN WHALE FISHERY An obliging correfpot dent lias furnifhed the Editor with the following accurate account of the product of the English South Whale Fishery — From which some judgment may be formed, of the importance of the object which has lately oc casioned the armaments and conventions between Great-Britain and Spain—and which niuft arrest the attention of the enterpiiziiig merchants of the United States. PRODUCT ill 1790. Ships. * whale oil. \fperm. do. %whaltbonc. seal /kins. 47 3420 tons. 809 tons. 2522 cwt. 85461. average value —llerling. *16/. per ton. per ton. J7/. per cwt. \ About 2s. 6d. per /kin. Philadelphia, May 4 The following Jlatcmcnt of the trarjaflions of the general governmcrt, relative to the Indian Tribes, is the result of the mofl diligent enquiry zve have been able to make into the'fubjeft. We doubt not it willproie satis factory, as it contains fads y arid such general information as the public have a right to recetve; it will alfofur nijh the means of forming jufl ideas of the present pojlure of Indian Affairs. THE measures adopted bv the general government, relative to the Indian tribes within the limits of the United States, are re plete with moderation, justice and humanity. Philolophers, ani the intelligent part of the human race, approve the wisdom of such conduct, while itsoppofei* will wonfift. entirely of people of a dif ferent description. Infteadof anoppreflive system, having for its object, the extir pation of a race of men more finned against, than finning, it ap pears to be the design of the general government, to impart to the Indians, who were the original lords of the foil, all the bleflings of life, of which their situation will admit, and to lead them, by degrees, to a more fettled and civilized mode, of existence. Waving the consideration of civilizing the Indians, which by many is deemed impra&icable, the policy of obfeiving a liberal and humane condu& towards them cannot be well denied. It may be fafely affirmed, that the expence of and attaching all the neighbouring Indians to the interests of the Uni ted States, for a period of fifty years would not be so great, as the expences of one campaign against either the Creeks, or the Choc taws. At the commencement of the present constitution, the affairs upon the south western frontiers, presented a gloomy afpetl. The State of Georgia had been involved, for a number of years, in feriou? hostilities with the Creek nation of Indians In this contest, the State of Georgia had been greatly diftrefled, its fron tier inhabitants compelled to abandon their plantations, and guards were mounted, even in the city of Savan»ah ufclf, to pre vent a surprise. Congress early took this fubjeft into confederation, and voted the sum of twenty thousand dollars, for the pnrpofe of defraying the expences of negociations, or treaties, with the Indian tribes. Three CommifTioners weie accordingly appointed lor the pui pofe of holding a treaty with the Creek nation, in Sept. 1789, who were about to aflemble at that time by virtue of a previous ar rangement made under the dire&ions of the old Congress, Altho these CommifTioners were charatters of high reputation, and repaired to the place appointed in due season, yet they failed of effecting a treaty at that time, owing to caufcs which are here unneceflary to be detailed. But, altho no permanent treaty -was concluded, an informal truce was agreed to until the spring ot the year 1790. The issue of this business placed the United States iri a new and critical situation : Before, it seemed a contest arising out of dis putes between Georgia and the Creeks, relative to local boundar ies. Bu% the United States having interposed, they became inter ested therein, and responsible for ail consequences. The'treaty had been broken off iatber abruptly, on the part of the Creeks, and under circumstances which indicated aversion to an intimate connexion with the United States. Had the Creeks committed hostilities, either before or after the expiration of the truce, it would have been difficult to have found the colour of an exenfe, for the United States not entering into an immediate war with that nation. While on the one hand such a war, in which neither honor nor profit could be obtained, was to be avoided ifpoflible, so on the other the United States were bound to protest all their citizens from violence. In order therefore to prevent the former, and to establish the latter, meafurcs, honorable to the government, were devised, and executed with great ability, to induce the chiefs of the Creeks, to repair to the refidcnce of the general government, as the only means by which they could avoid ihe juin impending over their nation, The treaty with the Creeks at New-York, on the 71b of August 1790, was the consequence of the visit of the Chiefs. This treaty has been reprobated by land-jobbeis, iutcreftcd individuals, and feme of the inhabitants ot Georgia. But, the eolightened citizens of Amcrica, highly approve of the treaty, as the ground work of attaching the C r eeks. and the whole bod) of fouihcrn U'dian.-, to the m.cr«ffts of the United S-.atcs, up 7 on principles cntitlrd to ihe approbat'njn oi the dilintcrefted pars of maukind. 1 The supreme executive of the United States, has also taken measures to secure the Choctaws and Chickefaws, in their attach ment to the United States, hv alluring them of the lull perform ance.of the treaties of Hopewell. And, a ireaiv is to be held by Governor Blount,of the territo ry of the United Stales foutb of the Ohio, during the , present year with the Ciierokecs. Indeed there is the faired profpef}, of not onlv making a per manent peace with all the southern nations of Indians, but of at taching them in fuel/ a manner to the interests of the United Slates, as to command their aitivc Cervices, if necessary. The Yazous company, so called, who have purchased of the State of Georgia, the pre-emption, to almost the entire lands of the ChoQaws, Chickefaws, and part of the Cherokees, are dwind ling away, and the boasted plans of Mr. O'Fallon and his afioci ates, are tar from being realized. The general government will never be so loft to femiments of justice and virtue as to fufter a number of land-jobbers to dispossess the Indians of their country exifling laws and treaties, and thereby to plunge the Uni ted States in a war with those powerful tribes, who are otherwise zealously disposed to be our firm and intimate friends. The warriors of the Creek Nation of Indians, are eftimatea at 6000—theChoftaws at 5000—theChickafawsat 1300, and theChe rokees at 2500, amounting in all to nearly 13,000 warriors The friendfhip of such powerful tribes, even upon principles of policy, is well worth cultivating. The value of their friendfhip is to be eflimated by the expence of their enmity, independent of the disgrace attendant upon the injufticeof attempting to de prive them of their lands, against the faith of the United States stipulated by lolemn treaties. It were devoutly to be wished, that in turning our eyes to the regions north-weft of the Ohio, that the fame piofpe&s of peace appeared. The general government took early measures for this purpose Treaties had been formed, under the old government, with the fix nations, the Wyandots, and Delawares, and some of the more western Indians—but, the Wabafh Indians always declined to attend at the negociations of those treaties, notwithstanding they were invited thereto. 0 In order, if poflible, to bring those deluded people to a jufl sense of their situation. the President of the United States, dire&rd. that they should be invited a-new, to treat of peace, and that the consequences of their refufal, and persisting in hostilities should be fully placed before them—and at the fame tim<», the people of K(ntuckywere prohibited from making any further mcurfions into the Indian country. This invitation was executed early in the last year, to all the tribes inhabiting the river Wabafh,' from Post Vincenncs, up to the Miami village. The invitation was not only refufed by the Indians, but their hostilities were renewed with greater violence than ever. 1 he campaign therefore of the last year was a measure of ne cefTity—The Indians had been invading our frontiers, and had killed many hundred innocent men, women and children. It became just and highly proper, 10 manifeft the power of the United States over these blood-thirsty tribes. That the expedi tion did not entirely succeed, is to be much regretted, but it is unnecefiary in this place to investigate the caufcs of its failure. Notwithstanding the provocations of these Indians, it is said measures have been taken to open their eyes to their true situation, and if poflible, to induce them to peace, without the necefiity of ana&ive campaign against them ; but, if the measures taken for this purpose should be in vain, the meekness ofchriftianity, will juftify the government, in taking effe&ual measures to prevent the murder of its peaceable citizens. And the arrangements made, and which are in train of execu tion, will in all probability be entirely adequate to the full con vittion of the hostile Indians, that they have abundantly more to hope, from the mercy, than to expert fiom the weaknels of the United States. _ It was to have been expetfted that some par ticular circumttantial accounts would have been received from India.by ihe Canton ; the papers however now bro't from that country bear too great a resemblance to thole published in En gland to enable us to ascertain faifts with any precilion. It appears that Tippoo has gained a very considerable victory, in the outset of .the* war ; Col. Floyd's detachment being in a great measure cut to pieces, loft its artftery and aban doned its cncainpnient and baggage which fell into the hands of the enemy.—Notwithft»nding this the English prediifi success to their army from every particular enterprize on foot—and a mortal raging sickness having got into Tippo's army—his entire deftru&ionis to followof course! Famine—the concomitant of war in India, h expected to add to the evils of the wretched in habitants of that ill-fated country. The rapid fubfeription to the loan 111 Holland on account of (he United Stales, is a molt une quivocal evidence of the rising credit of this country. How much then are the people of America in debted to those diltinguifhed characters, through whose influence such favourable impreflions have been made on the minds of the wary Holland ers—The administration in whose hands the go vernmental concerns of the country are now hap pily placed, is entitled to great applause—but the foundation of our refpecftability in the eyes of that people, was laid in the unparalleled, pa triotic and fuccefsful negociations of the Vice- President of this confederated republic. Monday last the Vice-President of the United States, his Lady and family," left this city 011 a tour to the Eastward. We hear that his Excel lency proposes to pass the summer at his feat in. Braintree, near Boston. Monday, pursuant to a vote of adjournment, palled at the general meeting of the Cincinnati the last year, a number of the Delegates from several States afleinbled in this city. The Presi dent and Vice-President being absent, the Hon. Gen. Knox was chosen President, pro. tevipire. |5C7* Securities as in our ia]t, This day is publijiied, for the Proprietors, By WILLIAM YOUNG, Bookseller, No. 52, Second-Street, the cor nerpj Chef nut-Street > The Universal Asylum, For APRIL, 1791
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