CONGRESS. HOUSE OK REPRESENTATIVES TUESDAY, Feb. 8. The BANK BILL under confdsration. MR. VINING APOLOGIZED for rifmg to offer his sentiments on tliis fubje<ft, which had been already so ably difcufled ; but considering the nature of the objections as arising from conltituiional princi ples, it had acquired an importance which would juftify his troubling the lioufe with foineremarks. He began by noticing the leading argument of Mr. Madison, refpecfling the sense of the conti nental convention, on the power proposed to be exercised by Congrels in this bill. He Ihewed that the opinion of the gentleman, in this in flance, was, if not Angular, different from that of his cotemporaries ; at lealt a similar objection bad not been started by those gentlemen of the Senate, who had been members of the conven tion ; but granting that the opinion of the gen tleman from Virginia, had been the full sense of the members of convention, their opinion at that day, he observed is not a fufficient authority for Congi ess at the prefcnt time to construe the con llitution by. Mr. Viniiig, in explaining the powers proposed by the bill to be given to the corporation of the bank, adverted to the particular power of " mak ing rules and regulations not contrary to law." He (hewed that this terra law, means the common law—and alluding to the enquiry of Mr. Madi son, what law was intended by this clause ? who, in answering his own queition. had said, that if the laws of the United States-were intended, the power contemplated was dangerous and unconjlitutional f as those laws were very few in number, Mr. Vining observed, that the reftri<ftion con tended for by the gentleman as the result of his ebjeiftion, would annihilate the most essential rights and privileges of the citizens of the Uni ted States. He then observed a corporation is nothing more than conftitutinga body with pow ers to eftedi certain objects in a combined capa city which an individual may do in his indivi dual capacity—agreeable to the usage and cus toms of common law. Adverting to the atfl by which the United States became a free and independent nation, he said, from that declaration, solemnly recognized at home and abroad, they derive all the powers appertainingto a nation thus circnmftanced. and consequently the power under consideration. He traced the origin of corporations to the time of Moraa-the firft of which was for agricultural purposes, they weie afterwards extended to other objects—and from that day to this, said he, all civilized and independent nations have been in the practice of creating them, and what do they amount to but this, enabling a number of per sons in a combined capacity to do that to a more certain effedt that an individual may do but fubjetil to the controul of common laiu, in all its regulations and transactions. On the do&rine of conftru&ion as applied to the constitution ; he observed, that on some oc casions the constitution is like the sensitive plant ■which (brinks from the smallest touch ; on others, it is like the sturdy oak which braves the force of thunder. He referred to the a»ft containing the power of removability—in which the utmolt latitude of construing the constitution was con tended for and adopted ; and, faidhe, the fund ing system cannot be defended on any other prin ciple than than of implication. He then enquired, of what right does this in corporation deprive a lingle citizen ? And can an act poliibly meet the disapprobation ofafingle person which does not infringe his rights, and which puts money into his pocket ? I think not. He insisted that the power of Congress alone was equal to establishing a bank competent to creating a currency which shall pervade all parts of the union ; the paper of the State banks cannot cir culate beyond the bounds of the particular States. From the reftritftions to the government con tended for by the oppofers of the bill, he simi lized tha constitution to a horse finely propor tioned in every refpecft to the eye, and elegantly caparizoned, but deficient in one, and the molt efletrtial requisite, that of ability to carry the owner to his journey's end ; he had rather, he said, mount the old confederation, and dragon in the old way, than be amused with the appear ance of a government so eflentially defective. N EW-HA V EN, March 30. Extrad of a letter front the Rev. Mr. Holm;s of Georgia, dated March 3d, to the publijher of this paper. *' We have no news ofimportance, else I would have communicated it with pleasure to the prin ter of the New-Haven Gazette —W eare in a (late of perfect tranquility in regard to our Cree neighbours; even your friend , who antici pated so much danger, is under no apprehen fionfrom this quarter. Several Indians have le peatedly been down of late to trade with our merchants, without insult or injury on either fide. Our winter has been very levere for this climate ; in one instance we had a snow which lasted for three hours, and though it die not whiten the ground here, in many places in the vicinity, the snow was two or three inches deep, which was conlidered very extraordinary. The mercury, however, by Farcnhcit's thermome ter has never fallen below 17° above o : In Con necticut, I am informed, it has fallen ij° be low o—What a surprizing difference in our cli mates ! Our spring has been very temperate ; vegetation comes on rapidly ; we have peas very forward in our gardens, and our peach trees are in full bloom." FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. To ELLA. NO {kill I boast, no forccful art, To (hake the nerves of Ella's heart; Save such as from the Thrufti's throat, Is ufticr'd in her feeble note, When fitting on the hawthorn bufti, She whistles to her fellow Thrush. But Ella, dost thou think to find, Hid in my lines, the artful,flattering mind ? Far from the tow'ring city was I rear'd, Where pois'nousflattery ever vig'ror.s grows ; In earliest youth my Parents I rever'd, To what their virtue taught, my spirit bows : Here have I liv'd and heard sweet Nature's voice, Where Brandywine rolls on with rushy-noise ; The stream from many murm'ring rills supplied, Along a curving channel pours his tide; 'Ere long the flood its mazy windings leaves, And fwift from clift to clift down da(h the waves ; Now sweeping round beneath a lofty hill, With rapid force it whirls full many a mill. Below, the smoother current, spreading wide, Full freighted Barks along its bosom glide ; Above, the trees their verdant branches spread, And o'er the tinkling stream throw their deep (hade ; Here oftentrane'd—l've slowly ftepp'd along, And heard the Robin's solitary song; Touch'd by his thought-exciting note, I cast my tear-wet eyes around, Beheld the richly flower'd ground, Whilst borne on zephyrs airy wing, The spirits of the bluftiing Beauties float ; And overfwelling hill, and delving dale, Their sweetest odours fling, Upon the bosom of the flowing gale ; Then fading, fink in earth, And when the Spring returns again come into birth. But Man, when ibme few hasty hours have flown, Drops in the yawning grave, Nor lives again on Life's e'er changing wave ; Where throbs of anguish tear the feeling breast, And from the heavy lid steal nature's healing reft ; Bur, " pleafmg, dreadful thought!" mounts into worlds When the rofv-color'd morn ! [unknown. Came lightly tripping o'er the hills, Dancing on the dimpling rills, And lucid pearls pour'd from her dewey horn : Here have I heard the warbling Lark awake The voice of Echo, (leeping in the brake, Ana as the heaven-taught bird pour'd out his loul, The lift'ning Fairy half his music stole, And blew the thrilling founds fiom grove to grove, Till nature feem'd to breathe but harmony and love. The foft-eycd Turtle breath'd her plaintive note, Soul-tend'ring notes ! which on clcar asther float, And oft prophetic, tell the tardy swain, To shield his harvefl from the coming rain. When the creative God of Day, His flaming Car drove down the Western sea, And sober Evening's twilight grey, Borne on the wings of Time had pafs'd away. Along the curling wave in radiance bright, The fair Moon shot her silver fhaftsof light, And all was silent as the cave of Death, Where shadowy beings walk, Who ne'er presume to talk, Nor ruffle silence with a founding breath : There have I flood, and wrapt in Thought sublime! Mark'd the quick flight of light'ning-footed Time ! Or gaz'd with rapture on the worlds on high, Till my full foul would breathe th' extatic sigh, And the big pearl flart from my glifl'ning eye. While late I prefs'd my downy bed, And sleep her poppies bound around my head , A heav'nly Phrenzy seized on my foul, And fwift as lightnings dart from pole to pole, A hofl of Beauties rufh'd upon my fight, By Fancy, clad in changeful robes of light! I saw again the verdant grove Its wild, luxuriaut foliage move, And heard the plumy Songsters shout their love. I heard again the dashing wave, Its wild and rocky borders lave. I saw thy Spirit, like the Bird of Jove ! On never-failing v\ ings, mount to the Iky ; With eyes of light'ning pierce the realms above, And hail the God of Music, thron'd on high. Charm'd with thy air, he gave a heav'nly Harp, And bade thee pour the music sweetly sharp ; Then sweep the golden firings, And rouse the deeper tones—and form the awful Pause, That opes the sacred springs Of joy sublime, and wafts the spirit up to Nature's Caufc ! Then wake the swelling founds to roll In burfling floods of harmony upon the panting foul. He> o'er thy toi m a sky-dipt mantle threw, Where silver flars glow'd on th' etherial blue ; And bade thee to old Earth descend, and take Thy Lyre, and from the firings the sleeping Music wake. I saw thee in the shady Grove alight, Whose woven branches caught the blaze of light; 1 hy rosy finger* careless swept the Lyre, And drew the music-breathing Spirit from each wire. Lur'd by the founds of thy sweet Strings, The fcather'd Warblers diopp'd their wings, 818 And liftcn'd to thy melting tone, Still more enchanting than their own ! Borne on the undulating breeze, Thy heaven-taught Notes my Spirit seize, And waft it to ihc iky : Now sweetly fofi they lingVmg die ; Now in awful solemn found, Float on the Air around ; The deep majcftic base most sweetly clear, Now burftsupon my car ; And where the rushing Waters roar, " It winds in wild'ring echoes down the dalhing Ihore.'' The thrill of rapture darting through my breail, Mv nerves with heav'nly anguish ihook, And I awoke ! But found no jitlion broke upon my reft ; For how the truths unfold, In thy nervous Song is told. What e're I heard, or saw, and as I read, "my foul, mv El la, " Seraph, opes the Skits." [lancy rife," Delaware, April 10, 1791. NEW-LONDON, April 1. Ext raft of a letter from a foreign correspondent, tt the editors oj this paper, dated Jan. 21, 1791. " TT is with great pleasure I learn that the in- X habitants of your country have grown more industrious and temperate, and have left off the excessive u(e of Rum. It is also highly pleafino to observe the number of ufeful inventions of se veral kinds—the rapid progress making fc in ma nufactures, and the perfection to which some of them are brought ; particularly maple sugar, coal mines, lead and copper; and the Boilon fail duck ; and ,the cotton and silk manufactures, See. The water machines for spinning 3or 4000 threads of cotton, flax, and long wool (of which I perceive there are models in Philadelphia) will doubtless soon be conflruCted, and begin to work. These will enable them to make a rapid jirogrefs indeed, and I apprehend nothing will promote the general interefl of the country, and the in terell: of the farmers, more than such a progress in manufactures.:—Wonderful is the coincidence of events 111 favor of your country.—This ma chine, I think, was invented by Arkwright, a bout the beginning of the late war, and hath since been broughc to great perfection.—This hath led to the invention of the other machines for spinning flax and long wool. This happen ing at a time, fixed in the decrees of heaven, when a great i>ation which had been dependent, and not allowed to ereCt manufactures, without discouraging and embarrafling circuin fiances, was freed from the galling yoke, seems to point out a particular providence ; as if directed chiefly for the benefit of a country which had but a few hands to spare from the culture of the land, that it might be able, with those few hands, to fuppl* itfelf with neceflary and decent cloathing, and be no longer dependent either in name or in faß. —Yon have a moil brilliant prospeCt before you. " Amazing is the progress England has made in the manufacture of cotton since the invention of the machine above mentioned. So great a quantity of cotton cloth is made there, and it is now so cheap, and so commonly worn by rich and poor, that it hath nearly annihilated the use of lilk. Some of the articles are brought to such perfection, that the English East-India company exports a great quantity of them, even to China; and if the Chinese do not make thenifelves tnaf ters of this invention, this trade will become a great object in so populous a country. From all this you may plainly perceive what it will be pos sible for your countrymen to do in time, and what they ought to do without delay.—The ma nufactures of England are the principal fourc t of her great wealth and (trength, and the chief ba lls of her navigation. Experience I think has furnilhed fufficient evidence to prove that you will never grow rich merely by agriculture, na vigation and commerce. It is weak to suppose the farming business cannot be overdone.—lt is certainly overdone when the produce of the land and labour of the farmer far exceed the demand ofevery foreign and doineftic market ; and when, through its abundance, he is unable to procure a living pries for it. You ought not to depend, so much as you have done, on foreign tnarktU. What is it that renders land in Europe so valuable to its proprietor beyond any thing of the kind in America ? It is the number of the inaniifafturiiig towns in the neighborhood of every farmer, to which he can carry his produce, and where lie is sure to receive such a price, as will enable him to pay his rent, and yet maintain his family.— This certain market and good price, alfogWe ef fectual encouragement to the high cultivation ol land which prevails in some countries, but es pecially in England. Your land will never be so valuable as land of equal goodness is there, until you can find markets as certain and as good as their's. But this you mull never expeA un til the number of your manufacturers bears a! just a proportion to the number of your farmer». (To be continued.J LONDON, In confequenceof the premiums offered by the Hon. Board of Trustees, at Edinburgh, twopw ces of cotton were completely bleached in n ve hours ; one piece of linen in forty hours half, and another in forty-eight hours and a hal, January a 6
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers