DISCOURSES ON DAVILA Utitimquc regem, fua multitudo coulalutavcrat, EACH party expected its own regent. The ancient usage, and laws often confirmed by the States, called of right to the function, the King of Navarre. But what a reverie ? Whatan appearance r To confide the person of the young King, and the government of the kingdom to a Prince fufpecfled of a conspiracy againlt the llate, detained as a prisoner, and tile accomplice ofa brother condemned to death ! The Cuifej had governed with fupreine autho rity under the late King, and attempted the mod violent meafurcs. By committing to them the fame power, it was easy to follow the fame plan ana execute the fame designs. But they were not of the royal blood: how, commit to them the tutorage ofa young King, contrary to all the laws of the monarchy ? What envy, whatjealou fy, what oppofiiions would they not have to con tend with, from the nobility and the grandees, who would be discontented with their power,and afpireto despoil them of it ? The States had fonietimes confided the regen cy to the mothers of Kings, during their minori ty, and in the present competition of so many interests and contending faiftions, it was not pru dent to place in other hands, the life of the King, and the conservation of the state.—But a woman, a ftr.anger, without partisans, and without sup port, could (he maintain her ground again It two Inch powerful factions, ready to support their pretentions by the force of arms ? The Guises, forefeeing what might easily happen, leagued themselves with the Cardinal de Tournon, the Duke de Nemours, the Mai (hals de Brtjfac and Saint Andre > Sippisrc, governor of Orleans, and many other great Lords, with whose influence they reinforced their party, to defend their lives and preserve their power. The King of Navarre, conceiving happier hopes for the future, united, more strictly than ever, with the Chatillons, the Admiral and Cardinal, the Prince de Ptrcien, Jamac, and many others of their partisans. He secretly armed his friends, and dispatched couri er after courier to the Constable. The two par ties, having thus placed themselves in a posture of defence, the whole court, and the troops di vided themselves among thein, and even the de puties of the States took their party, each one fol lowing his paflions, his interest, or his principles. Never did the neceflity of a third mediating power, or an umpire, appear more plainly than in this cafe. Had there been a conftituticw in France, and had that constitution provided, as it ought to have done, a third party, whose in terest and duty it ihould have been to do jultice to the other two, and every individual of each, there would have been little danger to the peace, liberty or happinefsof the people : for such an intermediate authority, by doing justice to all lides, would have been joined and supported by the honest and virtuous of all fides, and by this means would have controuled both parties by the laws. But in this instance it seemed impoflible to form a third party. Agitation and terror reigned every where. It was dreaded every mo ment that the friends of the King of Navarre,and those of the Guises would come to blows. All their measures and devices tended mutually to destroy each other. Nature itfelf, however, ♦"ithout much aid from any conftitution,produced an effedl. Although this unbridled ardor of rul ing, inflamed as it was by private animosities, hindered not the two parties from rendering pub lickly their obedience to the King, this submissi on had no other principle than a jealousy and mu tual apprehension, that the one party would snatch fromthe other the firlt place in thegovern ment. This motive only, and not any refpedt for a constitution, had made both parties eager to appear to be the firft to do homage to Charles the IXth : and on the day of the death of his brother, he was unaniinoufly recognized as law ful sovereign. This step tended insensibly to re eftablilh order and authority. The Queen-mo ther saw that it would not be fafe to trust the life of her young children, nor the administrati on of the state, to either of the parties, one of which was extremely irritated and embittered, and the other full of aflurance and haughty prc tenfions, both well supported and ready to pro ceed to the last extremities. She desired to con tinue mistress of her children, and of the govern ment of the state : She proposed, to this end, to remain as a mediatrix ; and thought that the two parties, unable to agree among themselves, and neither being unable to triumph over the other, they would both unite in her favor, and aban don to her, by concert, an authority which the opposition ofrheir competitors would hinderthem from obtaining for '.hemfelves. We fee in this instance that the tripple balance, is so established by providence in the constitution of nature, that 01 dei, without it, can never be brought out of anarchy confufion. The laws therefore ihould eftablifli this equilibrium, as the dicftateof j nature aud the ordinance of providence. J { To bt coitinucd.) I No. XXIII EDUCATION. Extract from the Charge of the Hon. Chief Justice Pickering, to the Grand Jwy, at the opening of the Supreme Judicial Court, at Dover, Sept. 14. THE reason given by So lo n for not providing a law against parricides, might be ailigned for not compelling a free ai>d enlightened peo ple to keep lchooh, namely, that he thought it iinpoflible any could be guilty of Co unnatural a barbarity. One would conceive it equally unne ceflary to make a law requiring a parent to love his children; for the fame affecftion, duly regu lated, would prompt hjm to provide for their inftrudtion ; this is a duty every parent owes to his offspring—every citizen to his country —and every man to his God. If a child fliould be brought up without a common education, it is more than probable he must drudge through life, become a servant to all—the dupe and sport ofthe crafty and designing." Though knowledge alone, may better the head more than the heart, yet, without it, the lieart'cannot be good. An early and good education is the molt probable mean to preserve a child from the devious paths of vice, and lead him in those of re&itude— " Train up a child in the way he fliould go, and when he is old he will not depart from it." Having glanced at the natural and moral con sequences of this cruel negletft, let us for a mo ment advert to the political. If knowledge and learning, generally difftifed through a commu nity, be eflential to the preservation of a free go vernment, then the want of these, must inevi tably prove its deftriiiftion. Where ignorance prevails, tyranny triumphs; for the truth of which we have the concurrent testimony of an cient and modern history, confirmed by our own observation. Can we then neglecft the education of the rising generation, the hope of our land, when their and our all, so greatly depends up on it ? Let us rouse from our fupinenefs, and emulate each other in promoting the means, and cherishing the interest of literature ! Did Ame rica everneed men of learning and knowledge more than at the present juncture ! Or will the period shortly arrive, when she will no longer want such characters to fill the various depart ments in the national or state government ? MORAL SENTIMENTS. VIRTUE is not the JoU qualification, but is a primary qualifi cation for a good ruler. It is necellary in regard to the pre sent adnitnillration of government : and it is no less neceirary in regard to the virtue and happiness of the rising generation. If we aid and encourage the promotion of a vicious citizen, what ever talcnu he may pofTcfs, we are guilty of a kind of tieafon a gainst the State, by committing it into hands, in which it cannot fafely be trusted ; and we hasten corruption and ruin on those who are to succeed us, by putting a kind of fanftion on vice and holding up honor as its motive. As long is a free people bestow honor with discretion, their government will be upholden in righteousness, they will be faft-and happy under it, and their chil dren will receive it pure from their hands. But if their elections should become corrupt, and their appointments should be made without regard to virtuous merit, they may fee their freedom ho vering to depart : she breathes only in a puie atmosphere : a con taminated air soon expels her. A corrupt and degenerate people are unworthy of her smiles ; and they will not long enjoy them IF I were to advise a young mm how he might rife to hon or, one of my firft lcflTons would be, cultivate a modest oimnionof yourself. There is not a more despicable charac ter than an arrogant conceited youth. If you aflTume airs of felt importance, you may be aflured of univerlal contempt. If in all companies you engrofsthe conversation, obtrude your own opin ion on those who are wiser than you, and treat their's with neg lect; if you make yourfelf the fubjeft of your discourse, and re peat, with felf-applaufe, what you have laid on I'uch an occasion, how solidly you once confuted such a man, and how wittilv you answered another, you uiay be pleafcd with the display as your talents ; but you will pass with others only for an impertinent coxcomb. I have heard it remarked of Doaor Franklin, that in conversation he foldom appeared confident of his Own opinion, or directly contradi&ed the opinion of any in the company. He fuggeftcd his sentiments by way of enquiry ; and while he was capable ot inftrufting, seemed to fuppofc all better informed than htmlelf. He communicated his thoughts without apparent de sign. He seemed to aim at his own inlormation. (American Mercury.) The late Dr. James Malone's Recife for a cold, which be mo/I jtrenuoujly recommended. ' 1 a ' ar S e . ,ea " cu P full of linseed, two penny worth of ± It ck liquorice, and a quarter of a pound of fun raisins Put these into two quarts of foft water, and let it simmer over a flow fire till u is reduced to one ; then add to it a quarter of a pound ot brown fugar-eandy powder, a table fpoonful of old rum, and a table Ipoon full of the best white wine vinegar or lemon juice Note. The rum and vinegar are best to be added only to the quantity you are going immediately to take ; for, if it is put into the whole, it is apt in a little time to grow flat. Drink half a pint at going to bed, and take a little when the cough is troublcfome. This recipe generally cures the word of colds in two or three days, and if taken in time may be said to be almost an infallible remedy. It is a moil sovereign and balfamlc cordial for the jungs, without the opening qualities which endanger frelh colds ingoingout. It has been known to cure colds that have been al molf lcttled in consumptions in less than three weeks. CHARLESTON, (S. C.) Oft. ;8. G'f CAUTION TO MARINERS. THE CommiiUoners of Pilotage for the port of Charleston fS C.)give not.ee, that a Wind Mi/I has lately been crested on the the point o : Upt-Roman, which, at a distance, has the appearance of a Light-Houle, and may have the effect to deceive ftraneers an proachmg thecoaft, In falling in with the IV,ndMill, you muO not come into less than seven fathoms water.-bringing it to bear nrf ri l' VOU a re a hre.ftofthe point of Cap e . Roman Ihoal, and and Ciiarlefton Ligln-lloufe then bears S. W. by W diftauct 12 league*. * 632 LONDON. PHILADELPHIA, Oft, 30. Exit ast of a letter from James Stimpfon, Esq. R ujjian Consul, at Gibral tar, Augujl 30, 1790. " By thisopportunity, I have thought well to forward a dii patch for the President of the United States, committed to mv care, and which I request you to forward. I trail it convsys a« alTurance of peace towards you with the new Emperor of Moroc co. Spain is the only nation wilh whom he has hitherto (hewn any disposition to quarrel. He has demanded Ceuta, which has been refufed him, and he is making preparations for bcfieging the garrison ; an undertaking I am fatisfied he is by no means equal to. An Amballador from Spain has been lying in Tangier iiay these 16 days, with a very great present for the Emperor, but will not land until he (hall agree to give up all prctcnlions to Ceuta, which he has not yet done. " The Portuguese squadron continues to be flationed here du ring the summer months, for the purpose of preventing the Al gerines from palling to the Westward, which we have reason to believe they do effeflually. I continue firmlv of opinion that you have but very little chancc of malting peace with Algiers, during the present Dey's life. His death may, according to the courle of nature be daily c<pe&ed. Inclosed I fend you a lift of the 14 furvivir.g Americans at Algiers, on the gth la'ft month, fix I find died ot the plague in '87 and '88. 1 have taken the liber ty of writing The Prefidcnt some particulars nil the fubjeft." " Prisoners names: Ship Dolphin, Cupt. O'Brien, Andrew Mont gomery, Jacob Jenavier, William Patterfon, Philip Sloap, Peleg Lor 'ig, John Robertfon, James Hall : Schooner Mary, Capt. Stevens, Alexander Forfytk, JamesCarhart, George Smith, John Gregory, and James Hermeti." TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Sept. 28, 1 790. NOTICE is hereby given, that proposals will be received atthe Office ot the Secretary of the Treasury, until the 31ft day of December next inclufive,for the building of a LIGHT HOUSE, nearly of the di mentions proposed by the late Commiflioners of Virginia and Maryland, upon the lot of land on Cape Henry, in the County ot Princess Ann, and State of Virginia, lately ceded for that purpose to the United States. It is desired, that the proposals may leave the election, whether the building above the foundation ftiall be of brick or ftojie, and as the cost and charges of those ma terials vary, it is expc&ed, that a correfpondinj difference will be made in the terms offered. Ihe foundation of the Light-House is to be of stone, and funk to the depth of thirteen feet below the water table, over the top of which the pavement is to be laid. The diameter thereof is to b« twenty seven /eel fix inches, with a vacancy of about nine feet in the centre. 1 he diameter ofthe base is to be twenty fix feet, at which place the thickness of the walls is to be fix feet. The height fro:n the bottom of the water table to the top of the stone work is to be fc venty two teet,where the diameter is to befixtcen feet fix inches,and the thickness of the walls three feet. The form is to be an o&agon, havtng three windows in the east, and four in the weft. If it be built of brick, it is to be faced with the glassy. kind, if of stone, it is to be faced with hewn or hammer-dreHcd stone. On the top of the stone work is to be a floor of joifls, bedded therein, planked over and covered with copper, extending about twofccteiglit inches beyond the wall, thereby forming an eve, w htch is to be finifhed with a cornicc, the whole having a descent fiom the centre fufficient to throw off the water. The lanthorn is to be supported J>y eight posts of wrought Iro» of three inches square and twenty feet in length, ten feet of which are to be wrought into the (lone wall on the inner part at each cornei The diameter of it is to be ten feet, leaving a platform on the oufide thereof of aboul fix feet in width. All the work above tjsisto be of iron and copper. The janthotn is to be ten feet high, having a semicircular roof of five feet more, with iron raft ers covered with copper. The whole space between the posts sup porting the lanthorn, is to be occupied by the sashes, which are to be made of iron, each fafli is to have twenty-eight panes of glass, twelve by fourteen inches. One of the sashes on the south welt fide is to be hung with hinges for a door to go out upon the platt >rm, from the outer part of which to the roof of the lanthorn is to be a frame of iron covered with a net work of strong brafe wire, to preserve the glass from injuries by hail and flights of birds in the night. 5 The rafters of the lanthorn are to be well fattened to an iron hoop, over which is a copper funnel, through which the smoke may pais into a large copper ventilator in the form of a man's head, capable of containing one hundred gallons. This head is to u C ? VlO be turned by a la r?e vane on the spire above it, p l. J venting the smoke may always be to the leeward. Ight dormant ventilators of fix inchcs diameter are to be fixed in the roof of the lanthorn. A close stove is to be provided and fixed in the lanthorn, which n, u° be £ urn,lhed Wlth lamps, each capable of containing fix quarts, hung in two tiers over each other transversely. There are to be fix flights of stairs to ascend to the lanthorn, the entrance to m covcrcd with copper. The building is of Hghtning 1 ™ tW ° condua °"' to secure ■' from the effects i»A« ln,e u OU u fe is t0 be built for lhe deeper, twenty feet square, with lXnfta^er haframCkitChC " ! thCWho!ct ° A vault for the storage and fafe keeping of the oil is to be built len e r n a ,:? n l Cn,ent u d^ anCe ' ,welve ' eet widc ' a " d 'wentV whfch'a (hed i f a " covered Wlth earth "r sand, over ftrnn bebu,l: > and lt,st ° be furnithed with eight hundfcd C^l| C C 'f SW ! lth C ° VerS ' cach ca P ablc °f containing tlo door g ons of 011 - The entrance isto be secured by a strong bc«peaed Urit L forthef,i,hful contra* wiU r»c expected. Payments on account will be made at crooer ft fr' ? S diffe lhe b l anC , C ,r" be completion r or, it a luitable difference should be made in the terms ca(H wiM be advanced for the purcliafe of materials and provifiom. II Treasury Department, Sept. 20, 179®. Tis hereby made known, that the following arrangement hae sss ssSses s;;:z *•«- partments, Indents of Interest, and Bi lso g f Old EmT be receivable indifcriminatelv at the w j T W '" miflioners of all the States Th* r. . and by 'he Coir, ted this arrangement for the e fuu ' ,lon . of th « Checks hasdicta impoliiions by forged or counterfeit CCUnt y °' th = public agamft have been adopted from tl, f P a P cr > an d which theslaideta of the bufinefsCerich t t^ t r ? me -r.° n - r,dcr - Mion '° r ' he cxecutl °" applications from £ Hoi le "o' a « d dir P if the Treafurv and of tl , P n Certificates ol the Rcgifter of Army Accounts, and' of ComrrtfT and f C " m " lim " ncr °f menis above mentioned -1 a ■ goners of the five DepaTt fury - and if J C made ln the firll infla nce at the Trca fica.es, and CcfLSlTb,' L ° a " ° ffi « Ce ment ot Accounts in the refnefi' s 1 10ne ", ° r ' he ad j u(U ner to the CommifTioncrs oH ' VC ' es ' are like man were i(T uc d Trans'-.,,. cStatcs m wh ich they the Proprietors of «: !S VCc r" °* CC
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