\ 4 PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 41, BROAD-STREET, NEAR THE EXCHANGE, NEW-YORK [No. 36, cf Vol.. ll.j EUR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. DISCOURSES ON DAViLA. No. XVII (CON C LUOID.) Ses mains, autour du tione, avec A>nfufion, Scmaient la jalousie, et !a division. THE Admiral Gafpard de Coligni, had two different governments ; that of the Isle of France, and that of Picardie ; but as the laws of the kingdom, permitted not tll< pofleflion of more titan one dignity, or i.ne < o cverr»mcr r a' y T - it m ihu iutc King had destined that of Picardie, to the Prince de Con de, to appease his resentment and foften his complaints. The Prince earnestly desired this favor, to which, in deed, he hadjuft |>retenfions. His father, and the King of Navarre had successively held it ; and the Admiral had resigned it, in considerati on of ihe Prince. But the death of Henry lid. happening near the fame time, had hindered the effect of this arrangement, which had already been made public. Francis the I Id. had no re gard to it. At the solicitation of the Guises, and by a manifeft injustice to the Prince, he granted this place to Charles de Code, Marechal de Brif fac, a captain of high reputation and great valor ; but who having been promoted by the favor of the Princes of Lorrain, was clolely attached to them and served them with zeal. Nor was there more attention paid to Francis of Montmoroncie, the eldest son of the Constable. He had married Diana, natural daughter of Henry lid. In con sideration of this marriage, he had been promis ed, the office of grand inalter of the King's house hold, a place which had been long held by his father. From the firft days of the reign of Fran cis 11 d. the Duke of Guise, took it for hi in fe If, that he might add this new eclat to his other dignities, as well as deprive of it, an house which he wished to depress. Thus the Duke and the Cardinal, embraced with ardor, every occasion of mortifying their rivals, and aggrandizing them selves. The Oueen mother, who forefaw that this unlimited ambition and this violent liatied, mull have lata I e iirct.3, delired that they ihoukl a«ft with more moderation, management and dex terity ; but (lie dared not, in the beginning, op pose herfelf to the wills, nor traverse the deiigns of tliofe, whole influence was the pricipal lupport of her authority. At tliis time the Bourbons, excluded from all parts of the government, banished from court, and without hopes of carrying their complaints to the foot of the throne, beginning to reflccl upon the (ituation of their affairs, and the con dud: of their enemies, who, not content with their present grandeur, labored by all forts of means to perpetuate it, resolved, to remain no longer inactive fpeftators of their own misfor tunes, but to prevent the ruin that threatened them. To this purpose a convention was called, and we (hall soon fee what kind of convention it was. Anthony King of Navarre, after having left in Beam his foia, yet an infant, under the condudt of the Queen his wife, as in an asylum, at a diitance from that conflagration, which they fkw ready to be lighted up, in France, repaired to Vendome, with the Prince of Conde, already returned from hisembafly ; the Admiral, Dande lot, and the Cardinal of Chatillon his brothers, Charles Coinpte de la Rochefoucault, Francis Vidame de Chartres, Antony Prince of Portien, all relations or common friends, aflembled also, with leveral other noblemen attached for many years to the lioufes of Montmorencie aud Bour bon. The Constable, who, altlio to all appear ance wholly engaged in the delights of private life, secretly set in motion all the springs of this enterprize, had sent to this aflembly at Ardres, Jiis ancient and confidential Secretary, with in- ItrulHons concerning the affairs to be there agi tated. They took into consideration the part which it vvasneceflary to a<ft in the present con junction of affairs. All agreed in the fame end, but opinions as usual, were divided concerning the means. All equally felt the atrocious affronts committed a gain ft the Princes of the blood, from whom the Guifej had not only taken the firfl. places in the government, but the small number of dignities which had remained to them. They law evidently that the design was nothing less, than to oppress these Princes and their par tizans. All perceived the necessity of preventing so preffinga danger, without waiting for the last extremity. But they were not equally agreed concerning the measures proper to ward it off. SATURDAY, AUGUST, 14, 1790, PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTIONS ON THE LATE REVOLUTION IN FRANCE, AND THE CONDU v r OF THE DISSENTERS IN ENGLAND; IN A LETTE* TO THE REV. DR. PRIESTLEY. BY J. COU RT E N A V QUO, QUO SfELE Llfl (faHi /'• "fr J CONTINUED FROM OUR LAST. I SHALL now proceed in. demAftrating, that the Chriltian religion is to all intenrs and pur poses aboliflied in Ki ance—-and that the Nation al Allembly have covertly and infidioully intro duced a fyftein of atheism in its Head. The Se nate of democrats have commenced their impious Scheme by abolishing tythes—a provision appro priated and lantftified, jure divino, for the comfor table Support of the clergy, by Heathens, Jews, and Christians. They have sacrilegiously pre sumed to seize on the ancient revenue of the church, under the impious pretext of public good —of encouraging agriculture, by easing the pea sants of an unequal and oppressive ecclesiastical ■corvfi —and of providing a better and more Sui table maintenance for the secular and parochial priefts, who alone perform the refpe<ftive duties of their fundliom Thus have the National Af (embjy reduced atheism into afyftem, by seizing on the lands of the clergy, with an avowed de sign ofeither pledging them as afecurity for the national debt, or felling them to Turks, Jews and Infidels, for the difchargeof it Bertdes, ifbifh ops, arch-birtiops, abbes, and the superior and dig nified ranks of the hierarchy, are deprived of riches, immunities, power, and grandeur, how can they shew their contempt of them ? Youin vidioufly snatch from these S:neca' t, tliefe Chris tian rtoics, the sublime merit of optional virtue, by compelling them to pradlice temperance and moderation, not from choice, but necessity. A limilar sacrilegious attempt to abolifli tythes in Ireland, is a melancholy proof of the turbu lent and innovating spirit of the present times. The deprefled state of the clergj too evidently appears by the style of their writings. Their arguments are singly founded on the impolicy and injustice of depriving them of a provision, sanc tioned by antiquity, and solemnly entailed on them by the laws of the land. They have given up the vantage ground on which they stood, ftript themselves, of the celestial armour, the pa noply divine,with which they were clad, and have rashly ventured into the field naked and unarmed. They have succeeded accordingly. Ifthe cler gy once weakly admit the profane interference of parliament ; if they once admit, that this pro vision may be modified, and even by the fame authority ; if the contert is merely to reft on the fallacious deductions of hum an reason, it would indeed be difficult for the church to maintain Even thefpeciousftate ment of the celebrated author of the -wealth of na ttors has little weight with me ; for'grantingthat tythes are often a fifth, and even a fourth, instead of a tenth ; though they are a check to industry, &c. still the more enequal and more bppreffive this sacred burthen may be, the more meritori ous it is in those who fubmir. to it from a confci entiousjmotive, without murmuring and repining. A leading member of the Irilh House of Com mons (Mr. Grattan) has expatiated in his uiual stile of energetic, but delusive eloquence, on the great advantage which the church would derive from an a<ft of Commutation.—Law-suits, tftck erings and aniruoimes, be affected, would c£afe at once ; and the mild spirit of peace and Christi an charity, would mutually endear the paflorand his flock to each other. The clergy, no doubt, are perfectly sensible of this ; and only perlift in claiming tythes, as being their exclusive proper ty by divine institution ; and thinking that by ac cepting any commutation, however beneficial, they would betray the cause of God and religion. And now, Sir, permit me to address you, in the most serious jnanner, on the most serious fubjetft. What can the inadnefs of democracy alledge a gainst episcopacy ? Were not bishops instituted by the apostles themselves, to enlighten and go vern the primitive church ? Though they soon displayed an exterior pomp and splendour in their vestments, and in the celebration of divine worfliip ; though they a (Turned imperial grandeur, inhabited palaoes. ascended their thrones, though 557 , ESQ. M. r. JITIJ ?——Hon ) ' -i they cenfurcd, controled, and excommunicated emperors ; yet they only submitted to this pageau try, and reluctantly exetcifed this temporal pow er, merely to impress the congregation of the faithful with a holy awe and veneration for the majesty of the church; well knowing that found morality and the social duties could left securely on no other basis. Dr. Monflicim's mifrcprefen tation on this very interelting point, is deferyed' ly treated with contempt.—That bold andinfidi ous writer, under the specious pretext of candour and moderation, ini'pires his readers Vritli an a verfon to all ecclefiaflical power, and with in dignation against the clergy, for having invaria bly fomented religious co'ntroverfy on my fieri - ous unintelligible tenets ; for encouraging per fccution, and promoting the misery of mankind in this world, by infufing into their minds a spi rit of hatred, malice, and nncharitablenefs ; which at lalt became the theological cliaratteri ftic of every variousdif-ordant feet of Cliriftiani ty. But if this ecclesiastical liiftorian had been candid, [even allowing the fact,] he should have fairly acknowledged that the unrelenting viru lence and imbittered rancour of persecution are the molt infallible criterions of true belief, and the belt proof of a fervent and lincere zeal for religion. As each feet stigmatized its antagonist by the odious denomination of heretic, —Arians 1 and Athanafians, mutually actuated by thepurell motives of brotherly love and affection, inflicted a momentary and transient punilhinent on the bodies of each other, either by the sword or the ltake ; left by continuing too long in their re fpeitive fchifniatic opinions, they might forfeit all hope of salvation. Thus the lame actions, erroneously considered on mere abftrait notions of philanthropy, may well appear unjust, cruel, and barbarous ; but their very eflence is changed when viewed through this just theological medium; for the genuine and benelicient spirit of orthodoxy cori fecrates the apparent inhumanity of the aitiori, by fanctifying the motive. /7*o be continued.) FRANCE. NATIONAL ASSEMBLY. Sittings of May 26. THE incendiary protestations of those who style themselves Catholics of Nifines, and the declarations of those difaffedicd to the Aflembly, become more and more despicable. The city of Louis-le-Saulnier seems itill to lay fonie stress on these writings, in declaring all those traitors to their country who dare to sign them. Clcrj/tont terrand, who had subscribed five mil lions to buy National domains, has by an Address read this morning, offered to double the value of its former donation. M. Tour dn Pin made some complaints, ift. Against the Municipality of Haguenau, which, kept in the prison a huflar, for whose liberty this minister fays he had given orders. This bu siness was lent to the committee of reports. 2d. Against the Municipality of Lyons, which has written to him, that they think at present there is some danger in putting into motion the troops of the line, in consequence of which they refufe to let the detachment of the Royal Guienne set off. The intention of the Minister of the war department was to fill their place by a detach ment of the Penthievre dragoons. The Allem bly made no decree on this grievance. M. Bailly riling, exposed the disorders which foi these three days past have troubled the ca pital. A number of foreign vagabonds swarm ac the bar : the people incline to the most cruel ex ecutions. On Monday two men accused of theft were hung without any form of law. Yesterday another who was accused, had the fatal cord al leady faftened, when M. de la Fayette came up and laved his life : and when one of these mad men, who stirred up the multitude, cried out, that the unhappy wretch ought to be retaken, the illustrious commander himfelf immediately seized the disturber and conducted him to the Chatelet. A new species of courage, and a fub liine homage paid to the laws ! The debate on the order of the day, relative to the Eclefiaftical plan, was about to be opened but it was interrupted by the entrance of m! Neckar, who read a discourse on the prefenc of the Finances. The tone of that Minis ter was changed—He no longer presented thole gloomy and defpcrate pictures, which, fiace the [Wholf. No. 140.] May 29.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers