thy may treat. Thai power.fir, has existed above twelve month*, and might have been long since applied to ; but I believe it never will be applied to, Unlets Congref* render tiie application neccf f4ry. by some such meafurej a are (low. prtjpofed Joy the.refolu tisns baforc us. 1 believe the wisest and, bell men in England wish we would compel their King to treat ; for to'him i> enuuft ed the regulation of the commerce with 1 America. Th« wiieft ininiftei that nation ever had {Mr.'Pitt) proposed, as Toon at the preliminary articles of peace were ligned, to put the trade with America upon the Tame tooting oil which it stood before the war j but his wife plan was rejected merely because the American States seemed disposed to be as dependent in their commerce upon Bri "tain, as when they were her colonies: and a bold experiment has been made of the truth of Lord Sheffield's aOertion, that Ameri ca cannot exill without the trade of Britain, and that even Mafla chufetts woutd return to her toimcr fubje&ion to that country, rather than be deprived of the carrying trade and filheries. Sir, fin h affcriionsought toroufe an honell indignation, or at' least a firm resolution to Ihew that they are groundless. I repeat it again and again, that it is the wilhof Virginia to do this. I have been alked why we not make a discrimination between our friends and enemies ? Sir, I call not the Britiih enemies, they are ene mies no more ; but I have been told by my countrymen, that so long as they hold potts within out territories by an armed fbice", they ought to be viewed as enemic* ; that so long at they restrain our merchants fiora trading with them, and burn our vessels in their poits, they cannot deserve the name of friends. Mr. Bland was nearly of the fame opinion with Mr. Page, and laid he could fee not the least reason to apprehend any danger of a commercial warfare. He stated sundry arguments of the oppo- Jera of the amendment, and read extrafti from thcit fpeechtt, .Itibtthka proved to be perfeaiy contradi&ory to their present ipope of reatoning, J|e further quoted fpme historical facts, ref jieaiiig the conduct of Britain not long since, in regard of making • difciimiuation between the wines imported from Portugal and thole imported from France. This was resented by the Portu • guele, who immediately prohibited the importation of Britiih cloths, which had such an effefi, that Britain instantly entered into a commercial treaty, and put Portugal wines on a better tooting than the French wines, by giving them exclusive privili ges. I would therefore ast, said Mr. Bland, is the trade of Por-, tugal, that small country, ol more cbnfequence to Britain than the ' Vide of this continent ? I think not. Neither have I the least apprchenflon that they will rift the loss of our commerce ; and Inould they attempt it, w« need sot give ourselves the trouble of complaining j their ownmerchanu and planters in the Weft-In i 5 * " hath been experienced. He con cluded, by obferviog, that the proposed amendment would bold out the language of this country and of the house, by Ihewine them what we meant to do at a future day ; and he thought the time mentioned (ift of January next) a very proper one. If thev wilh to enter into a commercial treaty, it may be completed be- Tore that day arrives. JAMAICA INTELLIGENCE. T A ntigu» Gazette of the nth April is Apublifbed several refohitions of thecouncil and anembly of Jamaica, on the fubjett of the slave trade. The firft states that the partial abolition of the fjave trade would lead to thenecefiity of purcha sing only prime flares oil the coall, in order to liavtng the fame work done with fewer hands— the effert of this would be that the old people who arc offered for sale in Africa, would not be bought, and would in that cafe, according to the cultom of that country be killed. lid. That the loft of teamen in this business has been proved on the tefliniony of Admiral Edwards, to be much more inconsiderable than has been aflerted—and that the abolition would be prejudicial to navigation, and many branches of trade dependent on it-the consumption of herrings and ilated fifli by the negroes, being im menie. ' 6 \ ill. States that the number of negroes in Ta maica as 2j0,000--i40,0000f which are males and 110,000 female^. . yLV?- ;? is . abfo , lutcl y impoflible to cultivate the Weft-India islands, so as to produce any com modities that would enrich the mother country by white labourers Fatal experience demon lti ares the fallacy of such an expectation. In the year l 749, the legislature of this island palled a law holding out great encouragement for the in iroduetion of white families into this colony which proved ineffetfual; very few families hav ing come in consequence thereof, and, ofthofe that came, not a vestige is left. The French mi- y > in I 763, attempted to fettle a colony by means of white labourers at Cayenne, onthecoait of America : Twelve thousand miserable people Avere the vic'hms of this impolitic ffcheme. If sur er mltances are wanting to prove, that Euro peans cannot withstand the climate when exposed to the fun and the rains, recourse may be \ad to the accounts ofthe siege of Carthagena ; the ex pedition to Cumberland-Harbour j the fiecre of the Havannah ; the returns of the) regiments that came out under the command of General Garth mi 779 and in 1780 ; and the expedition to Fort it. Juan, on the Spanish Main. X. That 'It is the opinion of the joint Committee, that the charges which have been brought ap-ainit the Planters of this island, ofim- , proper and inhumane treatment of our Slaves may be Jully refuted anddifproved ; firftby an appeal I to our laws, and secondly, by the evidence of re fpeftable men who have resided amoag us, and have been witnefles to our manners. Whatever may be said of our ancient colonial Slave laws the aifls which Lave been palled, within the last rcn years, are written in characters ofjufKce r.ieicy and liberality. Concerning the general 1 eatment ofour Slaves, we referto the evidence already personally given to the Lords of the Coun cil, by the Right Hon. Lord Rodney, Sir Peter ! arker.Admiral Barrington, Sir Joshua Rowley Admiral Hotham, Vice-Admiral Edwards and Sir George Young : and to the further evidence that may be produced from genlemen ofcharadler in f ngb.nd who have resided many years in this island, and are intimately acquainted with our con duift and manners. We conceive that the testi mony of such persons is unanswerable and con clufive ;and Ihall therefore only remark, that it is notorious our Slaves in general are not only treated withkindnels and humanity, but they art alio protected by law from immoderate challife ment or cruel treatment, and enjoy more easy, comfortable, and happy lives, than multitudes of the labourers in Great-Britain. XII. That, It is the opinion of this joint Committee, that the present value of property in this illand maybe fairly and reasonably eliminated as follows viz. 250,000 Negroes, at 501. Iterling per head, is 12,500,000!. The patenreed lands, with their erections, and the personal property appertaining thereunto, at double the value oft he Negroes, (being the belt general rule of valuati on) amount to 25,000,000!. and the article of houses In the towns, the coasting and trading veflels, &c. may be estimated at one million and an half at the least ; it appearing by the Report of the Committee of the Lords of the Privy-Coun cil, that the houses in Kingston andSpanilh-Town are alone worth 1,428,52 il. Iterling. The total, is thirty-nine millions of pounds llerling ; the whole profits and produce of which capital, as al so of the various branches of commerce to which it gives rife, center in ($1 eat-Britain, and add to the national wealth,-while the navigation necefla ry to all its branches ellabli/hes alhength which wealth can neither purchafenor balance. FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. MAXIMS FOR REPRESENTATIVES. O man can be fafely entrufled with the im / portant concerns of a country, who is de ficient in knowledge, principle, or industry who is extremely avaricious, or under the con troul of ambition. He must be firm, laborious, but not obllinate, nor jealous, nor too much con cerned about his own honor. He mull express many ideas in few words, as long speeches, (even when excellent) generally difplcafe some of the hearers. lie mull be undisguised, open, candid, an I attentive to his opponents—always manifeft ing a disposition to accommodate. Never aim to carry a point by any means which the most im partial minds will not approve—and never tri umph in luccefs. Study to avoid hurting the feelings ofhisopponents— while he brines Itronir arguments againlt his opinions, clothed in foft and relpe<ftful language No appearance of c-K«»;wfliouldftain his political charader—man kind allociate the ideas of cunning and roguery together—and whenever a measure is effected by mere cunning, its opponents will ever after view its advocates as dishonest men—it ought therefore to be constantly impressed upon hisfnind that fi nefle, ci ast and cunning,are iniferable expedients and commonly ifl ue in defeat and loss of charac ter. Moderate abilities, if exerted only in the ftra.t line of truth and honor, with a (ingle eye to the public good, will sav e the nation, andren der the plain honell Statesman the delight and glory ot his country But theartful and defign mg, however learned, are ahvavs ftc, *u l and detested. Altho this hath been the cunning men mail times, yet all time, r„ J may expect to be cur/I with such characters HARTFORD, June 7. On Saturday the 09th of May last.died at Brook a i r Cr ' \ n the 73d y par of his aec that Jt>"Jy celebrated Hero, Patriot anrl Pi, i ' 1 pill, ISRAKL PUTNAM, EfJ Mafor r " r ?* and mod refpecftablecollecftion of t l>» • u '? r S eft ever known there on the lik ' r ,nh »b'"nts well ad.pred * ftah Whitney, the procession moved to tl- R J °" nig ground in the following order • y ' Company of Grenadiers. of the Town with reversed Arms Music. T . ~ r Company of Artillery. The Masons, , n the Badges of theirorder. The CORPSE. Mourners. The Clergy. 1 lie Church of Brooklyn. Military Officers. Inhabitants. . When ll ' e l'roceifion had arrived at tbo 1 3 ter performing their accnftn,? i and af and p™n g „„„ c Y„j e fSVlo t,em character of the deceased tl.pp, g -J" m ° n the ced and fired three platoons advan ed by a discharge of Artillery' "^' was f,,«eed condutfted with' that order md 7 W Was lo, eMd refpca of S d b fSs,S'' 486 CONGRESS. house of representatives WEDNESDAY, JUNE o. THE hill providing for the fettlemcut of accounts United States and individual States, having ' and amended by sundry additions, was recommitted ■ITff' l, I committer. u 4 »clcct - Mr. Parker moved the following Refutation, viz That i two lioiilcs adjourn lo clof; the pfefent felTioi'i the P Iv"' 1 ' ' fie Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Repr'efent atiw 'l'"' " f 1 their refpeflive Houses to meet, and hold ilicir next IV(f, )oum cityol Philadelphia. Un a 'the i The introduction of this motion occasioned some cone-, r • about order. It was alked if it had been laid on the tahl, 7' '' hnufe nad been in poffefliou of it agreeable to the rulr. e I Ho Ife ? The Speaker observed that th'e gentlemen r' h.j intention to bring forward fucli amotion vefterdiv. k , he had not observed it on the table. Hr said he would i.°i i" rules, and leave the house to determine, whether the mot»„ ,w circumitanced is m order, or not. us Mr. Gerry thought the motion was not in order Mr. Vining contended that it was; and enlarged on the fnV-A Mr. livermore appealed to the chair for a decilion. The Speaker declined giving his opinion, and observed .t, circumftaoced as he was, he fuDpofed, by leave of the bn.'.f.T might be excused ; Humbert cried out by all means. Mr. White observed that a« it would be attended with, rrv uicious oniequences for the tv*o Houses to dil grt* T ; p!« e ofth ir mectiug.he woulu piopofc tint there fliouldhe /,' ier nee with the Senate. J co,i- Mr. L»wnn i observed thit he had alwaysaim-d to aP national principles ; agreeable to this idea he thought that 11 manent refidencc of Cor„rcfs (hould be the fubj ft of coafider ■' * " in preference to the temporary residence. ' ' L Mr. lack fun, after observing that on the idea of accommoda his conftilucuts, by havtngthe feat .if government nearer th : " nl the Union, he had before voted in favour of adj u-mr i> t 1 idelphia, said as the fubjeft had now attained a d as '?" and he f.iw no probability of (he refutation', being c hi S.nate, in ord-r to prevent the delay of public buliucfs ofth.' cr cii ell importance, he (hould vote against biinging the temporary „ lidcnc? forward again. Mr. Vming observed, that with refpeft to the permanent rrfi. dence, it was uot in his opiuion the proper time to bring throurf tion forward : It would require p. rh.ips so years to brine it in a dcci.,o".__ H e enlarged on this fubjea, and said ihe motion would not be in order ; and if it was, there is no Wpefl „f j„ the'mcTr mthC Sc ' !atf,,as the y havc ilrcjd y decideda S :. n ft 1,11 !»• trmpoiaiv icfidiiirc he was anxiouflv so!-. citous to have determined, as he conceived the public mmd was much agitated -the House is agitated by it, and the bufintfs before them is einbarrafled for want of this dccifion. The fpeakcr finally determined that it was not in order to take u'rh u?'°" 3t ' hc ?', CfCI !! " mc :" w " therefore ordered that it (hould lie on the table till to-inorrow. Mr Sherman of the committee appointed lor the purpose it 'ddttional rules to be observed in condoLg k. lineis between the two houfei, Mr Gerry gave nouce that he (hould to-morrow bring forward a resolution to fix the permanent refidencc of Congress somewhere on the taftern banks of the Delaware l.ftd.tTf mitteeof ,ht r l,o ! C ° nthc bi)l f ° r repealing, after the nt & c DCXt f " hcrcto(urc lilld o" diKilled fpi. Mr Goodhue moved.to strike out the twelfth fefiion which pto vides for an cxcifeon fpintsdiflilled in the United States Thiimo lon occasioned considerable debate-The excise wa, oppoM,as in. dci TV* W those funds of the pamr.nU, States on pend fur paying the interest of their State dcbi., which would be a mod glaring ast of injuftiee, unlef. those debts aie alTuroed by foLli,".' .L tat " : ° ' ob j eaedta ,he principle of excise. al .'r' '• C tl,ot,< * u was however negatived by a majority of ** n ing in the affirmative, and 28 in the negative; the com mute proceeded to the 26th fcftion of this bill before they role. Thursday, june io. St of Scerctaiy of the Treasury on the petition of Stephen Moore, was read and refered to a frleO committee. ohi, wL't" prC,t "! cd •* P«'t'on from the tanneis of Pliiladel pnia, was read. m ° Vcd J lhat ' h <= House should take upfor consider.. eref [ "J 1 '' df yesterday by Mr. Parker, to remove Coo grels from New-York to Philadelphia. sacks >n S rn J nf W ' Boudinot, Lawranee, Gerry, motion' it' '' 0 wor 'h> Ames, and Livermore, opposed the Pace aiid"Wh , a ' P? by MefTrs. Hartley, Vining, Parker, un the r' C much debateon the qiteftion for taking up the proposition, it wa, deeded by calling the yea. and nays. nK ' Ba , ldwln . Brown, Cadwallader, Carroll, Clytner, flier Ler M l F'tzfiinons, Gale, Oilman, Griffin, Hartley, Hei ker' Sro'tt s ' ° n ' ' ws > Moore, P. Muhlenberg, Page Par- Sunipter (Maryland) Steele, Stone, oumpter, Vining, White, Williamfon, Wynkoop. «. \I (T a NOM Fodcr r/ mc$ > " nfon, Bloodworth, Boudinot, Burke, Floyd, lacklo'n law' '°° Grout, Hath'orn, Huger, Huntington, laer ScW Wlll ? l | ® l " rd i Livermore, Parti idoe, Van Renlel k'es W hatehe "r f W ,' Ck ' Sherman ' S y lvcftci > Smith [ S C J Stur ' The 7 rumb "»- T"cker. Wadfworthl 20. J was made that th'"? ,he House for a decision— a notion the whole 1 »| C l!" 0 ,^ c committed to a comfnitieeof ry, (hould'at the f" .P'°P ofltlon moved yesterday by Mr. Ger ftruilions thni tl Jmc " me "fetred to the commitiee, with in. .lu- P^Z7£Z' g TLZ a,0 ° rclative t0 4 pla " bate rikt ° COnriderablS df " vided—axe\+r?* mis^e motion the house di vor of the mi . nocs Speaker declared himfelf in fa» vas thea div,dcd ' ani tived c,n S at length pat for commitment, it was nega d)es 20^—noes 33. MeflYs a AYES. Goodhue - n« ull 0 "' Bo , udmot ' Rulke - Floyd, Foster, Gerry n"d, Li.crmnr,' n Hu S e, '» Huntington, Lawrance, Leo wick, Shcrmin s l "n" 0 ?' Va " Rcn^al,acr . Schurcman, Scdg- Thatcher, T.umbu'irTuckerWaStf 1 Me/TV* An, NOES. Carroll rivr Brown, Blood worth, Cad -valladcr, (in, Hart lev h'ja• Contee, FiuGmons, Gale, Gilman, Grif- Muhlcnbrra p C ac on » Lce » Madison, Mathews, Moore, Sumpier vlnin/'wu- r * Scott » Senc >'> Sinnickfon, Steele, Stone, A motional Wh,tC » WiHi.mfen, Wynkoop. 33. ' vided Ayes 3 \r ma< * e or an adjournment—The House di ftruckou'o°f d ,h° rt f ! hc " movcd - ,h « Philadelphia (hould be AtoW d , ' a " d Balt,morc infc«ed to adjourn ati/uni T mot ' on > anotllei motion was made lar eo'thtfe '"PP°"ed by arguments and observations fimi occafion. Thnfe i'l! ? formcr P a P" ; but grearly enlarged on thi« dcncc or in vor of determining on the temporary refi ' • jOarnniciu to Philadelphia, urged its greater ccn-
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