thy may treat. Thai power.fir, has existed above twelve month*,
and might have been long since applied to ; but I believe it never
will be applied to, Unlets Congref* render tiie application neccf
f4ry. by some such meafurej a are (low. prtjpofed Joy the.refolu
tisns baforc us. 1 believe the wisest and, bell men in England
wish we would compel their King to treat ; for to'him i> enuuft
ed the regulation of the commerce with 1 America. Th« wiieft
ininiftei that nation ever had {Mr.'Pitt) proposed, as Toon at the
preliminary articles of peace were ligned, to put the trade with
America upon the Tame tooting oil which it stood before the war j
but his wife plan was rejected merely because the American States
seemed disposed to be as dependent in their commerce upon Bri
"tain, as when they were her colonies: and a bold experiment has
been made of the truth of Lord Sheffield's aOertion, that Ameri
ca cannot exill without the trade of Britain, and that even Mafla
chufetts woutd return to her toimcr fubje&ion to that country,
rather than be deprived of the carrying trade and filheries. Sir,
fin h affcriionsought toroufe an honell indignation, or at' least a
firm resolution to Ihew that they are groundless. I repeat it again
and again, that it is the wilhof Virginia to do this. I have been
alked why we not make a discrimination between our friends
and enemies ? Sir, I call not the Britiih enemies, they are ene
mies no more ; but I have been told by my countrymen, that so
long as they hold potts within out territories by an armed fbice",
they ought to be viewed as enemic* ; that so long at they restrain
our merchants fiora trading with them, and burn our vessels in
their poits, they cannot deserve the name of friends.
Mr. Bland was nearly of the fame opinion with Mr. Page, and
laid he could fee not the least reason to apprehend any danger of a
commercial warfare. He stated sundry arguments of the oppo-
Jera of the amendment, and read extrafti from thcit fpeechtt,
.Itibtthka proved to be perfeaiy contradi&ory to their present
ipope of reatoning, J|e further quoted fpme historical facts, ref
jieaiiig the conduct of Britain not long since, in regard of making
• difciimiuation between the wines imported from Portugal and
thole imported from France. This was resented by the Portu
• guele, who immediately prohibited the importation of Britiih
cloths, which had such an effefi, that Britain instantly entered
into a commercial treaty, and put Portugal wines on a better
tooting than the French wines, by giving them exclusive privili
ges. I would therefore ast, said Mr. Bland, is the trade of Por-,
tugal, that small country, ol more cbnfequence to Britain than the '
Vide of this continent ? I think not. Neither have I the least
apprchenflon that they will rift the loss of our commerce ; and
Inould they attempt it, w« need sot give ourselves the trouble of
complaining j their ownmerchanu and planters in the Weft-In
i 5 * " hath been experienced. He con
cluded, by obferviog, that the proposed amendment would bold
out the language of this country and of the house, by Ihewine
them what we meant to do at a future day ; and he thought the
time mentioned (ift of January next) a very proper one. If thev
wilh to enter into a commercial treaty, it may be completed be-
Tore that day arrives.
JAMAICA INTELLIGENCE.
T A ntigu» Gazette of the nth April is
Apublifbed several refohitions of thecouncil and
anembly of Jamaica, on the fubjett of the slave
trade.
The firft states that the partial abolition of the
fjave trade would lead to thenecefiity of purcha
sing only prime flares oil the coall, in order to
liavtng the fame work done with fewer hands—
the effert of this would be that the old people
who arc offered for sale in Africa, would not be
bought, and would in that cafe, according to the
cultom of that country be killed.
lid. That the loft of teamen in this business
has been proved on the tefliniony of Admiral
Edwards, to be much more inconsiderable than
has been aflerted—and that the abolition would
be prejudicial to navigation, and many branches
of trade dependent on it-the consumption of
herrings and ilated fifli by the negroes, being im
menie. ' 6
\ ill. States that the number of negroes in Ta
maica as 2j0,000--i40,0000f which are males and
110,000 female^.
. yLV?- ;? is . abfo , lutcl y impoflible to cultivate
the Weft-India islands, so as to produce any com
modities that would enrich the mother country
by white labourers Fatal experience demon
lti ares the fallacy of such an expectation. In the
year l 749, the legislature of this island palled a
law holding out great encouragement for the in
iroduetion of white families into this colony
which proved ineffetfual; very few families hav
ing come in consequence thereof, and, ofthofe
that came, not a vestige is left. The French mi-
y > in I 763, attempted to fettle a colony by
means of white labourers at Cayenne, onthecoait
of America : Twelve thousand miserable people
Avere the vic'hms of this impolitic ffcheme. If sur
er mltances are wanting to prove, that Euro
peans cannot withstand the climate when exposed
to the fun and the rains, recourse may be \ad to
the accounts ofthe siege of Carthagena ; the ex
pedition to Cumberland-Harbour j the fiecre of
the Havannah ; the returns of the) regiments that
came out under the command of General Garth
mi 779 and in 1780 ; and the expedition to Fort
it. Juan, on the Spanish Main.
X. That 'It is the opinion of the joint
Committee, that the charges which have been
brought ap-ainit the Planters of this island, ofim- ,
proper and inhumane treatment of our Slaves may
be Jully refuted anddifproved ; firftby an appeal I
to our laws, and secondly, by the evidence of re
fpeftable men who have resided amoag us, and
have been witnefles to our manners. Whatever
may be said of our ancient colonial Slave laws
the aifls which Lave been palled, within the last
rcn years, are written in characters ofjufKce
r.ieicy and liberality. Concerning the general
1 eatment ofour Slaves, we referto the evidence
already personally given to the Lords of the Coun
cil, by the Right Hon. Lord Rodney, Sir Peter
! arker.Admiral Barrington, Sir Joshua Rowley
Admiral Hotham, Vice-Admiral Edwards and
Sir George Young : and to the further evidence
that may be produced from genlemen ofcharadler
in f ngb.nd who have resided many years in this
island, and are intimately acquainted with our con
duift and manners. We conceive that the testi
mony of such persons is unanswerable and con
clufive ;and Ihall therefore only remark, that it
is notorious our Slaves in general are not only
treated withkindnels and humanity, but they art
alio protected by law from immoderate challife
ment or cruel treatment, and enjoy more easy,
comfortable, and happy lives, than multitudes of
the labourers in Great-Britain.
XII. That, It is the opinion of this joint
Committee, that the present value of property in
this illand maybe fairly and reasonably eliminated
as follows viz. 250,000 Negroes, at 501. Iterling
per head, is 12,500,000!. The patenreed lands,
with their erections, and the personal property
appertaining thereunto, at double the value oft he
Negroes, (being the belt general rule of valuati
on) amount to 25,000,000!. and the article of
houses In the towns, the coasting and trading
veflels, &c. may be estimated at one million and
an half at the least ; it appearing by the Report of
the Committee of the Lords of the Privy-Coun
cil, that the houses in Kingston andSpanilh-Town
are alone worth 1,428,52 il. Iterling. The total,
is thirty-nine millions of pounds llerling ; the
whole profits and produce of which capital, as al
so of the various branches of commerce to which
it gives rife, center in ($1 eat-Britain, and add to
the national wealth,-while the navigation necefla
ry to all its branches ellabli/hes alhength which
wealth can neither purchafenor balance.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
MAXIMS FOR REPRESENTATIVES.
O man can be fafely entrufled with the im
/ portant concerns of a country, who is de
ficient in knowledge, principle, or industry
who is extremely avaricious, or under the con
troul of ambition. He must be firm, laborious,
but not obllinate, nor jealous, nor too much con
cerned about his own honor. He mull express
many ideas in few words, as long speeches, (even
when excellent) generally difplcafe some of the
hearers. lie mull be undisguised, open, candid,
an I attentive to his opponents—always manifeft
ing a disposition to accommodate. Never aim to
carry a point by any means which the most im
partial minds will not approve—and never tri
umph in luccefs. Study to avoid hurting the
feelings ofhisopponents— while he brines Itronir
arguments againlt his opinions, clothed in foft
and relpe<ftful language No appearance of
c-K«»;wfliouldftain his political charader—man
kind allociate the ideas of cunning and roguery
together—and whenever a measure is effected by
mere cunning, its opponents will ever after view
its advocates as dishonest men—it ought therefore
to be constantly impressed upon hisfnind that fi
nefle, ci ast and cunning,are iniferable expedients
and commonly ifl ue in defeat and loss of charac
ter. Moderate abilities, if exerted only in the
ftra.t line of truth and honor, with a (ingle eye
to the public good, will sav e the nation, andren
der the plain honell Statesman the delight and
glory ot his country But theartful and defign
mg, however learned, are ahvavs ftc, *u l
and detested. Altho this hath been the
cunning men mail times, yet all time, r„ J
may expect to be cur/I with such characters
HARTFORD, June 7.
On Saturday the 09th of May last.died at Brook
a i r Cr ' \ n the 73d y par of his aec that
Jt>"Jy celebrated Hero, Patriot anrl Pi, i ' 1
pill, ISRAKL PUTNAM, EfJ Mafor r " r ?*
and mod refpecftablecollecftion of t l>» • u '? r S eft
ever known there on the lik ' r ,nh »b'"nts
well ad.pred *
ftah Whitney, the procession moved to tl- R J °"
nig ground in the following order • y '
Company of Grenadiers.
of the Town with reversed Arms
Music.
T . ~ r Company of Artillery.
The Masons, , n the Badges of theirorder.
The CORPSE.
Mourners.
The Clergy.
1 lie Church of Brooklyn.
Military Officers.
Inhabitants.
. When ll ' e l'roceifion had arrived at tbo 1
3
ter performing their accnftn,? i and af
and p™n g „„„ c Y„j e fSVlo t,em
character of the deceased tl.pp, g -J" m ° n the
ced and fired three platoons advan
ed by a discharge of Artillery' "^' was f,,«eed
condutfted with' that order md 7 W Was
lo, eMd refpca of S d b fSs,S''
486
CONGRESS.
house of representatives
WEDNESDAY, JUNE o.
THE hill providing for the fettlemcut of accounts
United States and individual States, having '
and amended by sundry additions, was recommitted ■ITff' l, I
committer. u 4 »clcct -
Mr. Parker moved the following Refutation, viz That i
two lioiilcs adjourn lo clof; the pfefent felTioi'i the P Iv"' 1 ' '
fie Senate, and the Speaker of the House of Repr'efent atiw 'l'"' " f 1
their refpeflive Houses to meet, and hold ilicir next IV(f, )oum
cityol Philadelphia. Un a 'the i
The introduction of this motion occasioned some cone-, r •
about order. It was alked if it had been laid on the tahl, 7' ''
hnufe nad been in poffefliou of it agreeable to the rulr. e I
Ho Ife ? The Speaker observed that th'e gentlemen r'
h.j intention to bring forward fucli amotion vefterdiv. k ,
he had not observed it on the table. Hr said he would i.°i i"
rules, and leave the house to determine, whether the mot»„ ,w
circumitanced is m order, or not. us
Mr. Gerry thought the motion was not in order
Mr. Vining contended that it was; and enlarged on the fnV-A
Mr. livermore appealed to the chair for a decilion.
The Speaker declined giving his opinion, and observed .t,
circumftaoced as he was, he fuDpofed, by leave of the bn.'.f.T
might be excused ; Humbert cried out by all means.
Mr. White observed that a« it would be attended with, rrv
uicious oniequences for the tv*o Houses to dil grt* T ;
p!« e ofth ir mectiug.he woulu piopofc tint there fliouldhe /,'
ier nee with the Senate. J co,i-
Mr. L»wnn i observed thit he had alwaysaim-d to aP
national principles ; agreeable to this idea he thought that 11
manent refidencc of Cor„rcfs (hould be the fubj ft of coafider ■' * "
in preference to the temporary residence. ' ' L
Mr. lack fun, after observing that on the idea of accommoda
his conftilucuts, by havtngthe feat .if government nearer th : "
nl the Union, he had before voted in favour of adj u-mr i> t
1 idelphia, said as the fubjeft had now attained a d as '?"
and he f.iw no probability of (he refutation', being c hi
S.nate, in ord-r to prevent the delay of public buliucfs ofth.' cr cii
ell importance, he (hould vote against biinging the temporary „
lidcnc? forward again.
Mr. Vming observed, that with refpeft to the permanent rrfi.
dence, it was uot in his opiuion the proper time to bring throurf
tion forward : It would require p. rh.ips so years to brine it in a
dcci.,o".__ H e enlarged on this fubjea, and said ihe motion
would not be in order ; and if it was, there is no Wpefl „f j„
the'mcTr mthC Sc ' !atf,,as the y havc ilrcjd y decideda S :. n ft
1,11 !»• trmpoiaiv icfidiiirc he was anxiouflv so!-.
citous to have determined, as he conceived the public mmd was
much agitated -the House is agitated by it, and the bufintfs before
them is einbarrafled for want of this dccifion.
The fpeakcr finally determined that it was not in order to take
u'rh u?'°" 3t ' hc ?', CfCI !! " mc :" w " therefore ordered that
it (hould lie on the table till to-inorrow.
Mr Sherman of the committee appointed lor the purpose it
'ddttional rules to be observed in condoLg k.
lineis between the two houfei,
Mr Gerry gave nouce that he (hould to-morrow bring forward
a resolution to fix the permanent refidencc of Congress somewhere
on the taftern banks of the Delaware
l.ftd.tTf mitteeof ,ht r l,o ! C ° nthc bi)l f ° r repealing, after the
nt & c DCXt f " hcrcto(urc lilld o" diKilled fpi.
Mr Goodhue moved.to strike out the twelfth fefiion which pto
vides for an cxcifeon fpintsdiflilled in the United States Thiimo
lon occasioned considerable debate-The excise wa, oppoM,as in.
dci TV* W those funds of the pamr.nU, States on
pend fur paying the interest of their State dcbi., which would be
a mod glaring ast of injuftiee, unlef. those debts aie alTuroed by
foLli,".' .L tat " : ° ' ob j eaedta ,he principle of excise. al
.'r' '• C tl,ot,< * u was however negatived by a majority of **
n ing in the affirmative, and 28 in the negative; the com
mute proceeded to the 26th fcftion of this bill before they role.
Thursday, june io.
St of Scerctaiy of the Treasury on the petition of
Stephen Moore, was read and refered to a frleO committee.
ohi, wL't" prC,t "! cd •* P«'t'on from the tanneis of Pliiladel
pnia, was read.
m ° Vcd J lhat ' h <= House should take upfor consider..
eref [ "J 1 '' df yesterday by Mr. Parker, to remove Coo
grels from New-York to Philadelphia.
sacks >n S rn J nf W ' Boudinot, Lawranee, Gerry,
motion' it' '' 0 wor 'h> Ames, and Livermore, opposed the
Pace aiid"Wh , a ' P? by MefTrs. Hartley, Vining, Parker,
un the r' C much debateon the qiteftion for taking
up the proposition, it wa, deeded by calling the yea. and nays.
nK ' Ba , ldwln . Brown, Cadwallader, Carroll, Clytner,
flier Ler M l F'tzfiinons, Gale, Oilman, Griffin, Hartley, Hei
ker' Sro'tt s ' ° n ' ' ws > Moore, P. Muhlenberg, Page Par-
Sunipter (Maryland) Steele, Stone,
oumpter, Vining, White, Williamfon, Wynkoop. «.
\I (T a NOM
Fodcr r/ mc$ > " nfon, Bloodworth, Boudinot, Burke, Floyd,
lacklo'n law' '°° Grout, Hath'orn, Huger, Huntington,
laer ScW Wlll ? l | ® l " rd i Livermore, Parti idoe, Van Renlel
k'es W hatehe "r f W ,' Ck ' Sherman ' S y lvcftci > Smith [ S C J Stur '
The 7 rumb "»- T"cker. Wadfworthl 20. J
was made that th'"? ,he House for a decision— a notion
the whole 1 »| C l!" 0 ,^ c committed to a comfnitieeof
ry, (hould'at the f" .P'°P ofltlon moved yesterday by Mr. Ger
ftruilions thni tl Jmc " me "fetred to the commitiee, with in.
.lu- P^Z7£Z' g TLZ a,0 ° rclative t0 4 pla "
bate rikt ° COnriderablS df "
vided—axe\+r?* mis^e motion the house di
vor of the mi . nocs Speaker declared himfelf in fa»
vas thea div,dcd ' ani
tived c,n S at length pat for commitment, it was nega
d)es 20^—noes 33.
MeflYs a AYES.
Goodhue - n« ull 0 "' Bo , udmot ' Rulke - Floyd, Foster, Gerry
n"d, Li.crmnr,' n Hu S e, '» Huntington, Lawrance, Leo
wick, Shcrmin s l "n" 0 ?' Va " Rcn^al,acr . Schurcman, Scdg-
Thatcher, T.umbu'irTuckerWaStf 1
Me/TV* An, NOES.
Carroll rivr Brown, Blood worth, Cad -valladcr,
(in, Hart lev h'ja• Contee, FiuGmons, Gale, Gilman, Grif-
Muhlcnbrra p C ac on » Lce » Madison, Mathews, Moore,
Sumpier vlnin/'wu- r * Scott » Senc >'> Sinnickfon, Steele, Stone,
A motional Wh,tC » WiHi.mfen, Wynkoop. 33.
' vided Ayes 3 \r ma< * e or an adjournment—The House di
ftruckou'o°f d ,h° rt f ! hc " movcd - ,h « Philadelphia (hould be
AtoW d , ' a " d Balt,morc infc«ed
to adjourn ati/uni T mot ' on > anotllei motion was made
lar eo'thtfe '"PP°"ed by arguments and observations fimi
occafion. Thnfe i'l! ? formcr P a P" ; but grearly enlarged on thi«
dcncc or in vor of determining on the temporary refi
' • jOarnniciu to Philadelphia, urged its greater ccn-