c THE CARRIAGES OF LONDON. rrlvatc Vehicles and their Changes . AN ESTABLISHMENT NOW AND IN TIIK 'GOOD OLD TI1UES BT OSE Of CHARLES DICKENS' BEST FRIENDS. "Tho disappearance of ptetailB Jind leather kreecbes from the House of Commons, 'tho rise and fall cl the Stanhope gig and cabriolet, the decline of chariot, the extinction of the vis is, and the introduction of the Brougham." This was the answer of a desperate civil service candidate to the question, "What were tho mo-t remarkable social changes which followed the 1 Reform Bill Vs According to the tradition of the Foreien Office clerks, the freshness and troth of tho reply saved tho modern Phteton from the fatal "plough." - There cun be no doubt that anion 01 the many rcmuikuble social changes within the recollection of our middle-ape 1 men, none has been more decisive than that in the character cl our pleasure carriages. Macadam wa8 tha first great revolutionist in Long acre. He made it possible to dispense Willi the beioic inevitable four horses on country rouds; aua by the smooth easy sur face with which he replaced the jolting pavo mem, and the miles of mud, which, a huudrcd years u"o, buried Arthur Voung's pig on a high way up to its haIcp, struck a lutal blow at tho state couch wilh six horses, am its guard of active running lootmen. The railrond lolloped, nipped the staec-coach. just as it reached perfec tion, destroyed tho prolessors of four-in-hand, and flually reduced to the value of old wood and iron those luxurious posting chariots without which, before tho days of the lion horse, uo country gentleman's coach-house was complete. Although still quite a young man, as com pared with premiers and lord chancellor, my earliest recollections as hu unbrceched boy, whose greatest joy wus to sit on a horse in tho stall, while a groom, the nurse's sweetheart, limed through his work sro back to the pahny , days of posting, and failing-packets between v Dover ana Calais. It wus in those days of keen observation, of rapid eye-and-ear education, that I accompunied my parents en a journey by post, which extended from the extreme north ot England to the sout h of France. Posting was in those days the iuthpensable mode of couvey juice for a sick man, wno could by any sacrifice aflord the exorbitaut cost. Some scenes of this long lourney are as Indelibly impressed on rov memory ao my first pantomime. The formidable stale with which we were re ceived at the inns where we stopped for the night, by the laudlord, the iaudlady, and their attendant suite the fierce battles next morning on the question whether or not the road requited a pair ot leaders battles in which my lather, a country parson travelling on a legacy which included his first and last car litige, was invariably deleated the sensation ol awe and admiration which filled my in lant mind, when, on a high road, near a great race-course, our humble chariot and pair were drawn off the pavement into the mud, while there passed along the lord-lieutenant in nniiorm, in his state coach drawn by six horses, and preceded by outriders, who, as well aa the postillion, Dore each on his lelt arm a badge magnificently embroidered, as bi? as a dinner-plate, while aa lor the coachman and his wig, his degenerate representative may "till be seen at Lord Mayors' shows. These eftect8 were not exceeded by the procession ot Bluebeard or the feats of Harlequin. Not less acnte is my remembrance of the disgust with which, a clean little boy, I was compelled to sit next the ragged dirty driver of the hack cabrio let in Paris. Paris of oil lamp?, and gutters in mid-street, reeking with tilth and crowded with loot passengers, whom our grimy driver seemed to chase with wild cries. It was on this journey that, near an English manulacturing town, we called with a letter of introduction on oneof the new great men of the place, at his stucco-paiuted mock Italian villa, staring at the highway. Our host, a little man. in satin knee-breeches, with a white powdered head, ruddy cheeks, and amazing black eyebrows, received us with boisterous hospitality, as the oearers of a letter from his friend Dick Some body. After a profuse mid-day meal, in which he did more than justice to the wine which hi9 invalid guest declined, he proceeded to show the glories ot his establishment. A fish pond alive with gold and silver fish, the first 1 had ever seen; painted wooden temples dedicated to divers divinities; lountains which spouted trom leaden statues on turnine a tap; and other cheup clsss cal arrangements in favor at that pro architectural period ; finally we were con ducted to tho stables and coach-house, where six horses and two carriages were not the least part of the state ot the fortunate owner. Then nothing less would serve the excited little man than that the servants should put on their liveries, harness four of tue horses to a bright yellow chariot, resplendent with silver, and parade the whole equipage be fore us. Even this was not enough; an equally brilliant curricle was produced, and, takiLg the Ttins, he drove bare-headed round the grounds. 1 do not now remember what impression this performance produced on my pareuts, but to my childish eyes it was as magnificent as unythiug I had heard of in fairy tales. It may be pre sumed tbat there are at this day persons as anxious to display their newly acquired wealth, as the little man lust described; but fashion has so chanced, that no one unqualified tor lledluiu would think of maintaining a reputation on a ehanot and four horses, li would rather bo in plate, a picture-gallery, a cellar of choice wiue, wonderful pheasant covers, or some lavish girt to a litei ary institution, or church. The curricle with iis silver bar flourished in its most expensive shape, with two grooms attendant, in the time ot George the Kegeut. Thoiiulo boot w hich in later days carried the grooms was an economical compromise; four horDCS and two servants to carry two persons in a carriage only fit lor day-work, wa surely the neiirht ot extravagance. It was necessary, too, that the horses should be matched to the greatest nicety in size and step, as well as color, and match horses are always an addi tional expense. The most celebrated curricle of the last cen tury was built of copper, in the shape of a sea shell, and was driven by that caricature of dan dies, ltomeo Coates. The last curricle about town was Count d'Orsay's, and although the shape of the body of the carriage was inelegant, thepfiectof that kind o( be-plated luxury was very striking when the horses were perlect, and , the hnrncss gorgeous anr1 well varnished. The Four-horse Coach Club was in great force forty j ears ago, when the highest pro fessors of the art or four-in-hand were to be found by day and niglit on eveiy high road in the kingdom. The coaches of the club of the re giments in which the art still survives are perhaps as complete specimens of mere mechanic art as ever. Among the carriages which have alto gether disappeared since the Reform bill, is the vis-a-vis, essentially a court carriage, requiring a pair of horses, a coachman, and a lootman; it must have been the worx ot an inventor seeking the smallest result at the largest expense, as it had no apparent advantage over a chariot, and was less useful. The chariot still retains its place among those who always have at least one footman to spare among a decreasing number of dowagers and a few physicians; but such is the etleot of change of fashion, that a second-hand one is almost unsalable; tweuty pound will buy what cost two hundred and fifty pounds; whereas fifty - years ago do carriage was in such demand as the chariot; and in its lowest stages it was to be found on hack stands and at li very stibles, in the place td the modern fly. THE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH. PHILADELPHIA, WEDNESDAY, The mail phapton of the last generation of the pr-rftilioad sge has been reduced in size and weit'ht, and (in the majority of instances) by the abolition of the perch, transformed into the Stanhope phaefon. It is likely to continue popu lar with tho large number who enloy driving, and can atlord to drive, a pair of horses. Th old mall phaeton, some specimens of whleh'niay still be seen driven by country bankers and masters ot hounds, required a pair of full-sized expensive horseii to draw it well, instead of thnsma 11 blood, horses which best snlt a Stanhope. pUaeton; bifw it was, ot its kind, a luxurious carriage, by its strength and wcie.ht defying the Jolts of the worst roiulB, and overpowering tho impudence of tho dtunken drivers of market-carts. Nothing less than collision with a four-wheeled wacon could shake it, while tlm driver, high above his horses, held them in complete command,- and roliea serenciy aiong, overlooking garden wsits, and looking down on all ordinary vehicles. In the days when roadside Inns reeularlv expected and received a succession of guests, there was no- thiug piciisanter than a tour of visits to hos pitable friends, in a well-appointed mail phaeton, with an ngreeuble companion at your side, and a clever handy groom behind. The big hood was A partial protection to the great-coated many, cupcd inmates, and fhcbliizini? lamps and rattling pole chains made even a dark ana foggy nlcht not altogether disngreeable, from the comforting sensation thot it anything you could not see did run aga'nstyou, it whs not your solid carriage that would get the worst of it. 'the fashionable two wheeled half-covered town enrriuge of Ketorm Bill davs was the cnhrini.. Palace-yard was lull of them on tho evenings of great ueiuttes. iNow, you may count on your ringers the number that aro worth lookiug at in the Park, or at the doors of the best clubs. The ISroupnam killed the cabriolet, superseding it entirely as the one carriage ot tho bachelor, and leaving it only tor a tew, to whom a carriage, moreor less, is of noconseqnoncc. In another twenty years the cabriolet will have followed its predecessor, tho curricle, to the limbo of marino stores. The cabriolet, when perfectly appointed, was a very stalely bachelor's day carfiage.costing a larne sum o( money to build, requiring a very expensive horse, with a change if used at night as well as day, unfit for country expeditions, and not complete without a perfectly useless boy jolting unmercifully behind, and too small lor anything but ornanieLt. The age of Tom and Jerry bucks drove fast trotters ni gigs, or dashed along in tandems tandems which are nearly abandoned by under graduates, and almost c'ondned to headstrong shop-keepers on Sundays, and the long journeys ol young JSorfolk farmers on market-days. The Brougham, invented in 18,'W, gave a fatal blow to the cabriolet, by affording the maximum of appearance and convenience at the cnit nt'nnn horse and one servant. It is rather surprising that the noble lord who gave the idea and his name to this invaluable im provement in town carriages has never made it the subject of a paragraph in oneof those won derful discourses on everything in general and nothing in particular, addressed tq social science meetings. For the social results of the Brougham have been immense harmonizing fomilies.hrinfr. ing husband and wite together, accommodating children, making beauties look more beautiful, cutting oil' the necessity of a lootmun, and, not least, reforming street conveyances, which tra velled through a learlul Interregnum of danger and discomfort, between the decline of the hack ncy coach ot our childhood and the rise of the four-wheeler of our first whiskers. The secret his tory of the orlain. rise, and trinmnh of thn Brougham has never been written, and perhaps never will be. vet it is worth the attention ot those industrious biographers who devote their wuoie energies to tne researches into the private lives of iockevs. blaekleirs. and boxprs. reenrrf their tastes in meats and puddings, their tri umphs, their recondite jokes, and exhaust classi cal quotations frum Mr. Maunder's manuals on their adventurous lives and premature deaths. The germ of the Brougham is to be found in certain street vehicles drawn by one horse in use in Birmingham and Liverpool forty years ago, under the name ot one-horse cars. 8o recently us ioa a gentleman's covered carriage on lour wheels drawn by one horse was entlrel v nnknown to the genteel, not to say the fashionable, world; lor in that year the most complete and scientific book on pleasure carriages was published by Mr. Adams, then a coachbtulder, since a dis tinguished mechanical engineer, and he gives iiu mm, ui me coiLiug carnage leiorm. Mr. Adams made an early display of his in genuity by building a carriage now only re membered in connection with the great Duke of Wellington, who drove one to the last, tho Kquirotal. which. In theory, combined the ad vantage of a two-wheeled and a four-wheeled carriage, the forepart and wheels being con nected with the bind body by a hinc or loint, so that no matter how the horses turned, the driver always had them square before him; a great advantage. It was also, ot the cost of something under five hundred pond, convertible info a series of vehicles. complete, it was a landau, holding tour Inside, besides the servants' hind dickey; disunited, it formed at will a Hianhope gig, a cabriolet, or a curricle. In spite of the example of the Iron Duke, and the eloquent explanations ot the in ventor, tho public, either not curing for such a combination, or not caring to pay the price, never took to the Equirotal. The uroughani, on the other hand, advanced from the hist, and eventually spread over the whole civilized woild. To obtain lightness, the perch and the 0 springs were abolished, at the cost of a ccrtuin bun.ing noise still to be found in the work ot interior builders. There are Broughams with C Bprings. but these are luxuries, and a departure from the original prin ciple. urouguaujB were Duut at lirst lor two only, then were extended to four seats; single and double Broughams were soon adopted by the fairest of the fair, because it was dis covered that tho plate-glass windows presented charmiuE portraits, huug. as thev should be. exactly on me line, while aseent and descent pre sented none of the difficulties of the old-fashioned chariot. It was lound that the finest cabriolet horse looked twice as well in a Brougham, and, with the weight oil his back and legs, lated twice as long: besides, if it were necessary to make a long Journey, instead of a succession of flashes, through street or park, theu, by exchanging the sixteen hands stepper lor a pair of lignt blood horses, the Brouguain still became the most agi veable convejauce, a long as the beauties ot nature were not tho object of the journey, lutiiu early dus ot Broughams, attempts were made to reproduce the chariot, with hammer- cicin ano Knuc-uoara ior tne calves, but these were mi.-tukes. The greatest mistake of all is burning a Brougham behind two gigantic norses. A single horse, it well shaped ior harness, should not be uuder fifteen hauds three inches higii sixteen hands one inch is better. B"Uiirkab.'e colors, even duns, Bkew balds, and v liitu stockings, if with good knee action, aie ix-THiisHib'e; but when a pair are harnessed, about ti.'irea hands one inch is the n.oat haiioouioas height; and blood galloways, even viaa K-i, looii very well If tho Brougham be LuiU for lh?m. A single-horse Broughsm is essiuualiy a town carriage; taken into the couutry, it is apt to degenerate into a cruelty carriage. Tho International Exhibition of 1851 left an indelible scratch to use the phruse of ono of our greatest engineers on the history of carnage-budding, e-pveiully in the largo class of cheaper vehicles, which good rwads, suburban villus, railroad suitions, and the repeal of the penal taxei on tho ownors of more than oue carriage, had creutod. The great builders, the aristocracy of tho trade, were there. The lour-in-hand drag, fitted with Ice-palls and a dozen luxurious contrivances, of which the previous generation never dreamed was there. There was the capacious coach, of' dignity and state, m which the high sheriff of a county meets tho judges on circuit, or the tuany-daughtered duchess attends tae drawing-loom or lue royal ball. There wa the stately uud elegant barouche; and t fere was a mob of pha tous, dog-carts, two . and four wheeled, Whitecbapels, Coburgs, and pony car riages of every conceivable variety ot shape aDd name. Jt was in 1861 that the celebrated clothes basket took up its position as a low prioe, not very clean rural resource. South ampton and Derby became famous; and out of a cottage doji-cart arose, In Nottingham, that team-driven carriage manufactory which now vies wilh the best names in London for solidity and taste. Tho rise of the four-wheeled pony phaeton which has since branched olf into many varie ties of shape atrd price dates lrora the fallen days of 'Jcorgo the Fourth, wheu he entered into voluuury exile at too cottage near Virginia Water. Tho king's pony phaeton was ono of the rare instances of good taste patronized , by the aathor ot wLito kid breeches, stucco palaces, and uniforms In which fighting was impossible and dancing difficult. The Chancellor of the Exchequer who reducod the tax on low-wheeled carriages was the real author of the swarms of pony phaetons that branched off and vulgarized, as tho French say; the George the Fourth model. The niueteea guinea dog-cart that never carried dogs, and the thlrfy-lnch wheel pony phaeton, were bred in the same year by the same budget. As a special boon to the agricultural public In a chronic state of discontent, the exemption from taxation, which had previously been con fined to thespringlessshandrvdun, was extended to any two-wheeled carriage built for loss than twenty pounds, provided the owner's name appeared in letters of a certain length and un defined breadth, or the cart or gig. This bouuty created a large crop of dog-cart at fabulously low prices, euibclllthrd with letters which pre sented the nearest approach to length without breadth. The exemption has long been repealed, but it lusted long enough to make tho "cart" an institution, without which no gentleman's estab lishment was complete. It raised a number ot in genious ad vcuturousw heel wrights into buildersof carts, who by degrees, when all one-horse sprlnged vehicles were put on the same footing, advauoed to better things, broke through the costly tradi tions of Long-acre, and displayed great inge nuity In varying form and the shape of vehicles, on two and four wheels, for town and country use. These found a place and new customers li the Crystal Pulace Exhibition and at agricultu ral shows. Among the novelties is tho wagonette, he loved ot nursery maids and children; it is excel lent for the ludies with sandwich-baskets and fla-ks at cover-side, where roads run handy; uselul tor a country race courso; not bad at a pir-nic; indispensable where much luggage goes to a station. The wagonette, which one, or two, or four horses may be harnessed to, which may have a table in the centre, and a long boot beneath, and may be as coquettish as a Stan hope phaeton, must not be lorgotten. Tho wag gonette is an improvement on the French char-a-banc and the old English break, or perhaps it is an outside car, Anglilied, made solid on lour wheels, and turned outside in. The waggonette is essentially a sociable carriage, comprehen sive and conversational, buc uncomlortable for stout middle age. . Latpst of all Is the sociable, a light, cheap, and elegant edition of the family coach. Before the rise and fall of the cabriolet, and before the dog-cart, wilh its convenient recep tacle for luggage, had made its wav from tandem-driving universities into private families, the gig, under various names, as Stanhope, Whisky, Dennet, Tiibury, was both a iashion able and a domctic conveyance, as may be learned from the caricatures of the first half of this century. The Stanhope form the best has survived the changes of fashion. The commercial traveller's gig is almost a thing ot the past. Where these ambassadors still use wheels, they now generally go on four, not trusting their necks ond parcels to the safety ot a horse's fore-legs. Public hired eflrriacus. at. nnv rn.fr in T.nnrlnn have closely followed the changes iu private ve hicles. As long as chariots arid family couches were in common use, the dreadful iingiing hack ney-coach and pair claimed its place upon the Biauu. ine introduction ot tne private cabriolet led first to that dangerous rapid high-wheeled cab, wilh its outside perch for the driver, im mortalized by Seymour in the illustration of ad- ventures with which our readers are familiar. The cab that conveyed Mr. Pickwick to Charing Cross is the ancestor of the most luxurious of hired swift carriages, tho Hansom, imported from Naples. Tne private Brougham soon found its way into the streets as a tour wheeled cab, and with its one horse killed oft the pair-horse coaches. While the Brougham is a purely isrmsn invention, the omnibus is a foreign importation. For somn tnvulorinna reason, the best omnibuses are to be found in Glasgow; the best Hansoms, in Bir mingham. Leamington forty years ago rejoiced In coquettish little open phaetons, drawn by one horse, and ridden by boys in neat postilion costume, but. since the advent of railroads, these have given way to the universal cab. Can any ono explain why Ireland, with a damp climate, adheres to that eccentric eonvovane the outside car, while Cornwall, with a like weeping sky, has lor an unknown period trflVf'llprf fSl morlrAt In O ftniUHifl navt (i 1 1 uri In genteel family circles a Coburg. and has per- juruicu BiuKu-uoacn Dusiness in a Doxeu-up jolt ing one-horsed omnibus tor ages? it is, nowever, due to Ireland to admit that the IaunLincr-enr nrnhnlilv first tuimht na tlm capabilities of a single horse, when harnessed to a ngui venicie. ... A carnage Is like a piano as an article of manuiacture. You cannot tind out whether it is worth its price until you have used it ior some time. Paint and varnish hide many defects, and only an expert can Judge the value of metal-work. Before Macadam's time, a nobleman's coach required to be as strong as oneof Picklord's vans. It was often, on journeys to or from the manor-house, drawn out of sloughs and quag- muer. At present, tue ooiect successfully pur sued by our best manufacturers is to produce the minimum of lightness with the maximum of strength. The beet mechanical arrangements nave been studied; loreign woods have, the duty being repealed, largely replaced native produce; ar-d the toughest and most expensive iron and steel have superseded the cheaper produce of (Staffordshire. The coachmaker's wood loft contains oak, ash, and elm, from trees which have lain a year attr lolllug, and which, alter being cut into planks ot various thicknesses, must remain unused as many years as they are inches thick. A certain class of carnage-builders use green wood of any quality, ielving on paint to cover all defects, not expecting or caring to see any customor twice. There are some advertising fabricators of diminutive Broughams who are especially to bo avoided. Besides European woods, there is also a large demand tor mahogany and lance-wood from the Gull ot Mexico, Quebec pine, birch and ash from Canana, tulip-wood and hickory from the United States. These, for the most part, are cut ready for use by steam suws befoie going into the hands of the coach builder. The first step lor the construction of, say a Brougham, is to make a chain di awing on a brick wall, of the same size. On this design depends the style of the carriage. Some builders are huppy or unhappy in designing novelties; others have a traditional design, a certain char acteristic outline, lrom which they will on na consideration depart. Tho next step is to make patterns of the various parts. In nrst-closs fac tories, each skilled workman has been appren ticed to. and follows only one branch of, the trade. The leading workme n lc wood ore body makers, carriage-builders, wheelers, and joiners all Highly skilled artisans, as may be ludged from the lact that a chest ol their tools is worth as much as thirty pounds. The framework is sawn out of English oak. The pieces, when cut by tho band-saws, are worked up, rabbeted, and grooved to receive the panels, and thus a skeleton is raised ready lor tho smith and fitter, who, taking mild steel or homogeneous iron, lorgohirid fit a stiff plate along the Inside cart-bottom iramewcrk, following the various curves, and bolted on so as to form a sort ft backbone to the carriage, which takes tha place of the perch universally the founda tion of lour-wtoeled carrluges before the general adoption of iron and steel. The frame is then covered with thin panels of mahogany, blocked, canvaned. and the whole rounded off. After a few coats of priming, the upper part is covered with the skin of aa ox, puiled over wet. This tightens itself In drying, and makes the whole construction as taut as a drum-head, the Joints Impervious to rain, and reflected by the extremes ot heat or cold. Meanwhile the "carriage-maker," the technical name ol the artisan who makes the underworks, arranges the par to which the springs and axles are bolted, so that tho body may hang square and turn evenly with the horsey, 'on tho fore-carriage. The coachsmith and spring maker have also been at work arranging the spring, the length and strength ot which must he nicely calculated to the weight estimated to be ean-ied. The ends of tnese springs are filled with india-rubber, to make the carriage run lightly and softly. The best modern wheels are on the American plan ot two segments, instead ot several short curves. These, thanks to Mr. Bessemer, are bound with steel tyres, and when bushed and fitted with Colllugc's excellent wrougbt-lron axle-boxes, are ready to run a thousand miles. In the shafts of lour-whccled carriages the greatest modern Improvement Is the substitution of wrought-iron hollow tubes for wood. The iron shuits are much stronger, and cannot, under any circumstances, injure the horse by splintering. They can also, without loss of strength, be made to assume the most graceful curves. Tho carriage call it a Brougham all the minor metal-work being fitted, is now ready to be turned over to the painters and trimmers. The wood-work Intended to be varnished is "primed," then "filled up" with a coarse me tallic substance, and theu . rubbed down with pumice-Btonc and water, to oblain tho beautiful enamelled surface which forms the foundation for the color and varnishes of the resplendent panels. On this foundation in a first-class Brougham, a builder who cares tor his reputa tion will lay twenty-four coats of paint and varnish, and flat down each; therefore the opera tion cannot be hurried, ami time is an element in produciug a well-made, well-finished carnage, which no expense can supersede. Herald painter puts in the owner's crest or monogram before the last coat of varnish is laid on. Improvements in glass manufacture have made plnte-glass carriage windows universal, and circular-fronted Broughams possible: while l imps are much Indebted to patent candle-makers for their convenience and bnliiRney. When finished, alihouch the bedt workmanship and the best materials of every kind have been employed, and the greatest pains taken In every detail, unless the manufacturer have the gift of style and taste, the work may be a failure. A good carriage should combino the elements of strength, lightlies', ease, and gracefulness, har monious forms and colors, und should roll smoothly and silently along. To be sure, taste is a matter of fashion. The gilt chariot of the City Sheriff was the height ol fashion iu the days of the great Lord Chesterfield. In the present day, "severe elegance" achieves the greatest success. The earriagclready for travelling Is incomplete without a horso or harness, and a coachman; but the.-e require and deserve another chapter. WATCHES AND JEWELRY. r ' HATCHES, JEW F.I.RT k Klf.TFIl WAKK, VWATCHE3 and JEWELRY E3PAIRED. JSChostnnt St.,PMlt Owtng to the decline ot Gold, has made a treat re duction in price of his large and we'l assorted stock of Diamonds, Watches, Jewelry, Silverware, Etc. Tbe public are respectfully Invited to call and examine enrstock before purchasing enewbere. 4 2 A full assortment of above goods constantly on band at mode) ate prices the Musical Uoxci playlno lrom 2 to 10 beautiful Airs. FAER & BROTHER, Importers. No. 824CUEiNUr STKKET, llllemtbrp . Below Fourth. O OUR PATRONS AND TUE PUBLIC. We are e tiering cur stock of WATVnES, JEWELRY, AND SILVERWARE, AT A DISCOUNT, Fully equivalent to tbe heavy decline in Gold. CLARK & DIDDLE, 8 22frp Ko. 712 CHE8NTJT Street RICH JEWELRY JOHN BRENNAN, DIAMONDS, FINE WATCIIES, JEWELRY Etc. Etc. Etc. 8 20J Ho. 18 S. EIGHTH SI ltET, PhUada. II ENRY HARPER, No. 6520 ARCH STREET Mannlaoturer and Dealer m Watch.es, fine Jewelry, Silver-l'lated Ware, 8 30 Solitl Silver-ware. rJ7IE OLDEST A2sTD LARGEST SADDLE AND HARNESS MANUFACTURING ESTABLISHMENT IN THE COUNTRY. LACEY, MEEKER & CO., No. 1216 CHE SN TIT STREET, OFFER OF T11E1B OWS MAKUFACTUKE j Bl'CGT RABKEBS, from H S0 to S150 110I1T VABOUCI1E do BO 00 to UO HEAVY do do 75 10 to 60S EXFBE88, BBA88 MOTJNTID 1M&KE8S 2TM to 90 WAGON AKD bELF-AI JCSTIi.0 lAtlO to 30 BTAGE AND TEAM do WOO to 60 LA Pit b' SADDLE, do 12 00 to ISO (JESTS' do do 8110 10 75 Bridles, Uonntlnga, Blta, Bosetts. Bone Covert BlUfibea, Combe, foapi. Blacking, Ladle' and Oenta Travelling and Tourist Bagi and Back. Lunch itaaketa. Iiiesilng and Bblrt Caiea. Trnnka and Valise. I8 6mrp EJo. lglti CHKBNUT ST. jT QUEEN ' S N E W 8 S T A N D, IS. W. corner 6EVEMTI1 and CHEBNDT Strceta, i ALL TH daily and weekly fapkrh. , uaoazin. I M Hi.KIODICAL8,:w., Way be obtained at current ratea. . Ill MONUMENTS AND GRAVESTONES. ONT band, starve assortment of Oraveatonea, of varl liu, Umluni nimle of tlie flues t Italian and AiuerlufcO llarbie at tkt Uaruie Works of M ro A. fiTEIMf KTZ, intutbito BIStiEAveBBe.beluw Eleventh atreet. WATCHES, JEWELRY, dec. j MUSICAL BOXES. APRIL 11, 18GG. CARPETINGS, &0 (JARrETINGS ! CARrETINGS ! AT RETAIL. McCALLMS, CREASE & SLOAN, No. 519 CHESNtT Street, OPTOB1TI ISrJIPEKDKWCB BALL, Beg leave to inform the pnbllo that they have now open thefr SPRING STOCK OP C j. R' PETINGS, NEW AKD CIIOICE DESIGNS 09 Foreign and Domestic Manufacture, Which they oiler at prices corresponding with THE DECLINE IN COLD. FRENCH AND ENGLISH AXMINS TER. ENGLISH ROYAL WILTON. VELVETS, ALL WIDTHS. SUPERIOR ENGLISH BRUSSKLS. TAPESTRY ENGLISH BR USSELS. ROYAL WILTON, VELVET, BRUSSELS. AND TAPESTRY CARPET. We offer the above in all widths, with berdors for II alls and fetalis. Alo Imperial Three-Ply Carpet Extra Superfine Ingrain. JUS! RECEIVED, WHITE, BED, CHECKED, AND FANCY Canton Mattings, OV ALL WIDTHS. McCallums, Crease & Sloan, No. 510 CIIESNUT Street, OPrOSlTE 1KDEPEJS DEUCE 11 ALL. 1324 lmrp "QLEN ECHO MILLS,' GERMAN TOWN, PA. HcCALLlMS, CKEASE & SLOAN, HanafactnrerH, Importer), and Wbole ale Dealers In CARPETINGS, OIL CLOTHS, MATTINGS, Etc. WAREHOUSE, No. 609 CHESNUT STREET, OPPOSITE TEE STATS HO USB, Philadelphia. RETAIL DEPARTMENT, 8 6 8rarp No. BIO CHESNUT STREET. (JARPETINGSl LEEDOM & SHAW A re dow opening a full assortment ot Foreign and Domestic Carpets. Three goods will be told at the LOWEST CASH riilCES, to coirespond with the FALL OF GOLD. No. 910 AltCII Street, 8 28 1m ABOVE SISTH QARTETINQS. A LARGE STOCK Oif PHILADELPHIA MANUFACTURE In stole and constantly receiving, AT VERY LOW PRICES. QEOKOE W. lill.L, 21thstn3m fro. 120 Korth THIRD ritreet. INSURANCE COMPANIES. QIRARD FIRE AND MARINE INSURANCE COMPANY. OFFICE, 115 W ALK TJT BTEELT, PHILADELPHIA. CAFllAL rAll) IK, IU CASH, 2(l,IC0. ' Tfcla cfrxipary continues to write on Fxrt Jiitii ottlf Its capital, with a aood mrplu. It Ra-tlj invested. 701 Leslies ty fire bav tein pron rtly paid, and more than $500,000 Disbursed on tbls account within tbe rast few years. For tbe present tbe cff.ee of tbis company win remain at No. 415 WALNUT STREET, ut within a few months will remove to Its OWN BUILDING N. E.C OKMER 6ETETH AM) CHE8NTJT 8TEEET8. Iben aa now, we tball be happy to insure our patrons at such rates as are consistent with salcty. K1BECTOES THOMAS IHAVKN, a LFRl I) N. GILLETT, T Os. A( KI1.1A11, JOlJlk SLlfLlE. JObN W t LGIIOBN, hi LA 8 YElLK.Kh.Jn.. I 1IARI.K8 I. DUl'OST, UHMY F. K1CUNKY. JOtM U KXA.VP, M.l). irnjn" i it.ntH, rresiaont. IFHFDH GIIXHT V 1 rfHitent and Treasurer. JUBfS B ALVOLI). BecreurT. 1 19 $ TJ I 11 K INSURANCE. J? TUE 110MK INURAN('K OMl'AKV OF 11111 AIM LrniA, Ko. ISO 8. FOUIUH Htrect. Cbaiter Peipctuul. Authorised Canlial, 500.006. l-id-up Capital, tli 0, wo Into res agatusi loss ur datnaire by kibe on buildings, either permanently or for a L1M ITtL) piiriou. Alo,on Ml V.CU A MilBE generally aud Household Furniture, city or couutry. DIUEC'TOF i. James Brown, Charles A . Dur. William D.Lewis. Wll iam I. Bui ock, W l Ham N. hucdles, 'I nomas K I Tiber. Jr.. Lemuel ( oHiu, J Uill horn Junes, John Woodnlde, William O. LonKStreth, J. S. HutchliDitMi. junn v- Jailor, ( 11A. A. DUY.Vioe-l'resiae't Thomas Kkilbow, Becrmaiy. uj EvENLE6TADrpar REVENUE "STAIIPS, KKVEMJE STA11PS, Of all descriptions, Ol all desct In Hons, . A Always on band, Always oa band. ATFLOBFNCW pr.WIXO MACHINE ( O.'B Ofc'r lPH AT IXOliKM'E eEWISO U ACUlMK CO. '8 OFF1CX No. 630 HKS NUT ritreet, lie. M CU1MUT Bireet One door below Heventb street One ooor below Berenth street. The most liberal dlieount allowed. 3 be at oat liberal discount allowed. INSURANCE COMPANIES TiELAWAKE MUTUAL SAFETY INSURANTS LNCOKFORATFP BT HlK LFOIBLATVRB 1'KSNl-YLVAKTA. 1K39. OFFICE 8. E. tORMR 1I1IRD AND WAUTTt 81HK.KI H, I llILADhLI" HI A. 1IAH1XX Ubl;&AUE ON VFH8LL8,) cargo, J To all parts of the w IBH1UHT. j ISLAND IVPURANCE9 On Goods by River, canal, Lake, and Land Carriage tt all nans of the Vnlon. . . F1BK 1KSI-RASC&8 On Verrbandlse aeuerallv. t On Btorts, Dwelling Houses, etc assets or THF. compact . . November 1. ltWl. 1W Wo t nlted Gutes per cent loan, 71....",0M-M SC0.0OO . " vl MO per eent. lou ' UW Treasury Notes . IOSITs M 100.000 Btate ot i ennsylyania Five Per Cent. "''ov Loan aa b 64,000 State el Pennsylvania blx Per Cent. Loan u tyy. 125 COO Cltr of Philadelphia mi Per Cent. Loan iis n m 20,000 Pennsylvania Railroad First Mort- gate Bin Percent, Bonds , jo ann-oa 211,000 Pennsylvania Railroad fecond Mort- aane fix 1'er Cent. Honri 23.7S0-M 25 0CO W esteVn rnnavlvania Kal road Mort "? e Pu Per nt- Bonds , 23,73 15,000 i.O Kharea HlocH Germantown Oas CcmpanT. principal and Interest guaranteed by the City ol Phila delphia lj m il . 7,150 148 fhre Stock PcnnsvivaUa RU- ' . ro"d company a ggn-a 5,000 1C0 Share Htock North Pennsylvania a Railroad Company 1.230-00 .000 Deposit wilh l ulled States V) oTern- W,(00 State of 'lennrssee Five Per Cent, Loan ig gQA Qf 170 700 Loans on fcnnd and' Mortgage! flist liens on City Property t 170.700-O l,(3(j,eM Tar. Market valne $M6.5fi0O0 RealFstatfl SW.iOOOO Hills recvlvablo lor In u.ancn made. 111,011 JT Halance due at A gencle. Premiums ou M .rlne Policies, Accrued lut rent, and othei debts due the Com pany.. 40.511'U Scrip and Wtoch of sundry Insurance and other Companies, 133. F.sti mated value..... 2,9I0'0 Csh In Ranks iM.MS Cash In Drawer 678-48 . 56,8M S7 1.2o3,6JO-lH Thomas C. B ti IIKKCTOIW. onn j. JJavli, J dmund A. Ponder, Theophl.turaulCing Johu R.Penroae, James Traqunir, Henry C. Dailett, Jr James C. Hand William a Ludwlg. Jotepb II. Seal, Weorge C. Lelper, Hugh Craig. Robert lfnrrnn namuei e. stokes. J. V. Penlsun. Henry Moan, William (. llonlton. Kdward Darlington, H. Junes Brook. Fdwaril I .iniim.f1. Jacob P.Jones, James B. McFarland, Joshua P. Eyre, Spencer Mrllvaln, a, it. demote, I'tttnourg, A. B. Merger, pittaburg, . JebnD Taylor, 1 1 . i . m organ, i-itiaourg i " ' "Al, rresioent, ITekbt LTrBrPK.ie'ctar;.0 18' V, TIJOIIA 1529-CIIARTER TERPETUAIi FRANKLIN FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY OF PHILADELPHIA. Assets on January 1, 180G, 82,500,85100. Capital fem.iiM...r...: LBSETTLED CLAIMS, 11,467 53. INCOME FOB 18$ 319 000. LOSSES PAID SINCE 18SO OVER 85,000,000. Perpetnal and Tern porary Policies on Liberal Terms. v ..T,CV" B":er, , m ward C. Dale. Samuel (irant, Alfred Filler .l.Tiei,HiCbuaa' Francis W. Lewis, M. D. j laaacea, Peter AlcCa 1. irT.Q7nAF,L?,S U-OKfcR. President tar w xi.AS1' 1 ALK. Vice-President McALLlrilLR, Secretary protein. 2 3U23I ORTII AMERICAN TRANSIT INSURANCE COMPANY, No. 133 South FOURTH Streot, ; P11ILADKLPH1A. ., Annual Policies Issued against General Accidents of all descriptions at exceedingly low ratej. i Insurance effected tor one year, la any sum from (10 to 10 000, at a premium of only one-naif per cent, f securing tbe lull amount Insured in caao ot diiaib, and a compensation each week equal to the whole pre- . mlum p'uld. , Short time Tickets for 1, 2, 1.6.7, or 10 days, or 1. 3, or ( months, at 10 cents a dav, Insuring In the sum oi'3l)00 or giving 16 per week It disables to be had at tae General Otiioe, No. 133 8. FOURTH stroet, rhliaJel-" phla, or at the varloua Railroad Ticket offices. Be sure' to purchase the tickets of the North American Transit Insurance Company. For circulars and farther information apply at -tha -General Office, or of any of the authoilz-d Agents of the. Company. LEWIS L. Iincpr, President JAMKrt M. ON HAD, ireaaurer. DKNRY C. BKUWN. .Secretary. J John c. bclliti, solicitor 1 IKl.UiOll-t. i - i h upt;ia,t0v?im.,,'1,v,,,"la BsUread Company. M. Baird. ofM. Baldwin it Co. , Samuel ('. Halun-r a hier ol Cnmmeroial Bank Richard Wood. o. HUM Market Htioet . . James il. Conrad, No. o.';i Maikei street J. K. Kintisiey. ont'm-ntal lli tl ' H.O LeiM iirlrn, Sos ai and .3 Dock stroet 'J. hun.uei Work o1 Work. McCouch A Co. t.tori-e llai-tln, o. 32 I'btsnui street 11 35, 'I1 U E l' It O V I D NT. -' LIVE AAD TRUST COUP AS Y, ; OF PHlLADKa-PfllA. ' ; ' Incorporated ly the Mute of ionnsrlvania, Third""1 , Wonth Via. U64. I8CRt8 LIVES, ALLO.V IS- ' TKK18T ON DEroSlTd. aud UltANTS ANN 01- WJ T1K8. CAPlfAI-. 8lS(l,t)00. DiabcroRS Samuel R Shipley, Richard f'adburv, ' Jeremiah Hacker. Henry Hu'iies Joshua 11. Morris, ' . i'u lirown, Richard Wood, Wl liatn C, LouKBireth, " CJiarlcs F oitin. ' HilUr L R. blll-'LEir, Presiilent. Bowiamd Pakiit. Actuary 7 234 OltlCE. Ao 111 S. FOURTH STREET. - - LIEE INSURANCE H'()LWVlJLY.-TIIr3 FKKKSYLVAMA FIRE IXSURASt 15 COM PAN Y- Incorporated 1828 Char er Perpetual No. WALNCT Mreet, opioslc Indopendence -iiuure. This Ccmpany. tavorahly knows to the eonuunnltr forever mrtv year, continue to Iniure aiiainai loss or douiaye by tire ou Fuhlio or Private liulunngi. eliber pemiauentir or ior a limited time, A so on fc urnli ure, i-tocks of Goods snd Meichandue geneiully, ou liberal terms. Their Cspltal, together with a Inrge Surplus Fund, Is , Invented In tbe most careful manner, which eumiies them to oiler to tbe Insured au undoubted security In tl i esse ot loss. Danlfl Smith Jr., DIRECTORS John Derereux, Alexander Uenoon, Isanc llalehurst, ' noma smito, Heniv LewU. J. Ulilinubam Fell. 1 uo ma jiouin. uaniei tiauoocs. jr DANlt.l. HUIiH, Ja., President JB'jliiaii O. CnoWELL, secretary. 1 30$ 33IKFNIX INSUEANCE COJn'ANr'OP PUI LADILPBIA. IStORPOR tEIJ 1804 CHARiF.R PSRPETTJAL. No 224 W ALNtT street, oppo!te tbe Excbantte. lnddlilonto M 4 RIN It aud IN LA SD 1N8UKANCB tbl Company Insure from lo or dawate liy FlRri, on liberal erms on bullillnit-, nieirbaatltie. inrulture. ete., lor limited period, and ptra.unei.ily m buildings, by deposit ol pimluiu 'Ihe Compauv ba keen In ao'lve operation for mora than BIX I Y'EARS, duHng which a 1 losces bae been, pioiapxiy adjutted and paid. John L Hodce. Lawrene Lawls, Jr David Lewis, lleujaiii'n Ht loir, Tboiua H Powers, A. K McHenrr, Kdmosd Cutrtlilon, 1). B. Uabeney, John 1. Lewi, WIIHni 8. (iraut. Robert W Lnilng, D. Cla' k W barton, nauiaei n itvex. JOBS R. WD: HKIil tL Prel(1nt. Lout c Noma 0AKOU Wrxcox, bscretarr. t itS,
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