YOLIISE 59. NEW SERIES. THE BEDFORD GAZETTE ts PUBLISHED EVERY' FRIDAY MORNING EV ME VERS & BENFORD, At the following terms, to wit: S!.si> per annum, CASH, in advance. $2.00 it " if paid within the year. $2.50 " " if not paid within the year. KT'Xo subscription taken for less than six months. K7°*No paper discontinued until all arrearages are paid, tfnless at (he option of the publishers. It has been decided by the United States Courts, that the stoppage of a newspaper without the payment of ar rearages, is prima facie evidence ol fraud and is a criminal offence. CyThe courts have decided that persons are ac countable for the subscription price of newspapers, if they take them from the post office, whether they subscribe for them, or not. FET R¥. THE BROOK. BY DR. J. lIAYXES. A sweet little brook from a shady nook, Came forth with a merry song, And clapp'd its pale hands to the flow'r-clad lands As it gently crept along. It was pure and bright as the diamond's light, That sparkles beneath the sea, And as free from care as the wavelets there, That roll in immensity ! 'Twas sprightly and young, and healthy and strong And laughed tLe gay hours away ; And danced by each hill at the music's trill, And kissed the bright flow'rs all day! And onward it ran, 'neath the rainbow's span, Painting itself with its hues, And frolick'd all day in the rosy rav, And from its wing shook the dews ! And life was a gleam of a fairy dream, To the little babbling brook, As it kiss'd the branch in its upward glance, j That shaded the sylvan nook. For all the bright day, the birds piped away, And flow'rs in each little nooW, With roguish dark eyes, looking down in surprise, j Flattered the proud little brook. But when the dark clouds in their ebon shrouds, ' Proclaimed the bright season gone, The birds had ail fled' and the flow'rs were dead,; And the brook was lett alone ! But then it was young, and healthy and strong, ; And knew not the pains of strife ; For where it had gone the sun e\er shone, And it thought it could dar.ce through life. <ll isccilaitcou s. ANCIENT COIKTSIiIP. <N VARIOUS ACES AM) VARIOUS COUNTRIES. The Hebrews were a peculiar people in all respects, and not least so in a matrimonial view. The obligation devolving upon the Israelitish juveniles, belore attaining to the joys ot connu biality, were emphatically peculiar. For in stance, when Tsaac desired a wife lur himself, his father sent Eleazar, his servant, to court a bride for him. Isaac did not say, "1 w ill make mvself beloved of a maiden; I must entertain her with fine discourses, and offer engaging presents; 1 must incessantly praise her beauty; 1 must only go by night to see her; when a thing i> knowa to a third person it never succeeds," not at all—neither he nor his father knew Rebecca. But when Eleazar made his proposals, Lilian, her broth-.r, asked her if she would go with the man,and she answ. red, "I w iil go." \Y e see that love was not consulted in this case; thi marriage was rather a bargain between Abraham and Rebecca. Nor was it customary for (be af fections to rule, there being oltentimes no con sultation between the parties. It was usual fur won.au to Le courted by proxy, rhus, Sechem, though stronly moved to love Dinah, did not disclose it in'the bosom of his beloved, but made advantageous offers to her brothers, "As.; me never so much dowry, and I will give according us you will say unto me." Jacob, however, innovation upon this custom, and visited Rachel himself; lie drew near and kissed her, and lifted up his voice and wept. Jacob made anotheradvar.ee upon the times. We have said that love had but little to do with their marriages; wives were regarded as a species ol slaves,°andnot at alias companions; hence "fil thy lucre" was the charm which ruled the mar riage lies. Affection and sentiment gave place to < T old and goods. But Jacob was a semimen taHover, and when he found that he had not the treasure equal to the price set upon Rachel, he condescended to purchase her hy servitude, and manifested disappointment when the ten der-eyed Leah was faithlessly imposed upon him instead, of the beautiful Rachel. It had been a custom in all times, for the declaration of love to falj upon the man. Whether this is proper or not, long usage lias given it an authority not to be easily overcome; but theie have been exceptions to this rule. An Israel it ish widow had, by law, the power of claiming in marriage the brother ot the de ceased husband, and he, in return, had the lib erty to refuse; under the condition, however, that the woman would come to him, in the pres ence of the elders, and loose the shoe from his foot and spit in his face. A similar custom prevailed among the llu rons aud Iroquois. When a wife dies the hus band is obliged tu warry the sister, or in her stead the woman whom the family ot the de ceased shall select. A widow is also OoLgedto marry a brother of her deceased husband. Ihe same thing is juaclised in the Caroline Islands. in the Isthmus of Darien the right ot asking in marriage is lodged in and promiscuously ex ercised by both sexes, without the least hesita tion or embarrassment: and in the 1 kraine the same thing is carried further, the women more generally courting than the men. When a ymung woman falls in love with a young man, | she goes to his lather's house and reveals hei passion in a most tender and pathetic manner, | and promises most submissive obedience. Should j he make excuse, she jesolves to persevere, and takes up lodgings; should he continue obstinate | the church takes her side, her kindred are ready 'to avenge her honor, and he has no nthvr me thod but to betake himself to flight, till she is . otherwise disposed of. From the story of" Delilah, it would seem that the young men of Israel were denied tin power of asking a female in marriage. Samson | saw in Simnali one that was beautiful, and he I said to his father, "I have spen a woman of the j daughters of the Philistines, now therefore get i her for me to wife." Hut his parents objected: he, however, did not elope nor threaten to go to j I exas; but merely repeated, "Get Iter for me, i for she ph-asetli me well." j From the lime of the nation spoken of to the ; Greeks, little is known of this matter. In the East the women being so little seen, the privi ! lege of courtship was eagerly seized, and as j there was often a plurality of lovers, it soon be came fashionable to fight for "a fair lady." As j society improved, this barbarity declined, and j instead of fighting, a public exhibition in dester j if}' and in arms was the criterion of desert.— j But as it gave rise to animosities, which were j haodell down from generation to generation, a | method of bargain and sale marked the further I progress of society. Thus it was among the j Greeks. As a lover seldom had opportunity to j disclose, his love to his mistress, he was accus-j | tomed to inscribe her name on the walls ol his i house, the trees in the public walk, and to deck i j the door of his fair one's house with flowers and ! [ garlands, and to make libations of wine before j it, and to sprinkle the entrance with the same iujuor, after the manner that was practised at . the temple of.Cupid. Garlands were .of great use among the Greeks in affairs of love; when a man united his garland, or a woman composed one, it was a confession of having been subdued by this passion. Their method of prosecuting i their love affairs was still worse. riiey resorted hi incantations and philtres, th e sale ot which was extensively carried on; j they were so violent as to deprive the person who took them of sense, and not uncommonly j of life. I hey also used to melt wax images be- j fore the fire, believing the persons represented by then, would be proportionably wanned bv j love. These, and many others equally foolish, J U'* 1 rrfiiifclanllf v I i fad the Greeks in these things. Plutarch tells j us that Lucullus, a lioman general, lost his sen- i st's by a love potion: and Caias Caligula was thrown into a tit ot madness by one which was given him by his wife, C'tcsonia. Lucretius, too, fell a sacrifice to the same folly. While the Greeks and Romans were found; in these foolish practices and narrow opinions, tite barbarians, the Creles, Cauls ano Germans, although their wives were a species of slaves, had arrived at a much superior point in the re lations of love. They regarded their wives with respect and veneration they were gal lant and sentimental—and desired the affections and hearts of their mistresses. Scandinavian women were chaste, proud and scarcely less emulous of glory than the men, and consequent ly demanded lovers distinguished in the field.— The Saccea had a custom, when a young man paid his addresses to a lady, fur him to engage in single combat: if iie vanquished, he led tier ofl' in triumph, if she conquered, he was her husband and slave. Such are some of the modes of ancient court ship, a full account of which would form an in teresting and instructive chapter. NORTH CAROLINA. —Travelling on the cars from O to M , not long since, in the night, we happened by good fortune to get into the same box with a regular blue-devil ex terminator, by whom, let it be supposed, our drowsy optics were kept expanded. Hiis indi vidual answered to the name of "Bat;" and his description of "N'orf Kerlina," her manners and customs, gave the listener any thing but a favorable impression of the tar and turpentine state—thus : •'Why, gentlemen, a dog with a long tail in North Carolina would be as great a show as a Siiggerwith three heads." "Why so?" asked several. "They cut 'em off to prevent them knocking j off huckleberries when they are chasing foxes i and rabbits that run through the woods." "Pshaw!" came from a listener. "Fact, certain as rain; and you never see a ! man or boy there with buttons on his pants." "What then?" asked one. "Pegs," replied the ever imperturbable Rat. "Wear buttons all off climbing alter persim ; mons." "Go it. Bat," cheered an acquaintance. "And I'll tell you anothei tiling," he contin ued, "they have to bell the little niggers there |jut as we do calves." "What for?" i "So their owners can tell which gopher hole ' they're in." A genera! scream followed this—the engine squealed, and we all jumped off at M . (LP*A wag was one day speaking of two of his acquaintances who had gone West, where the newcomers were usually attacked the first season with the ague, and said he— "Neither of those two men will be afflicted." "Why not ?" inquired a bystander. "Because," was the reply, " one of them is too lazy to shake, and the other won't shake unless lie gels pay for it." T£jF = "A l n accepted lover one day walking in a pretty village in Bedfordshire, along with the i object of his affections hanging upon his arm, and describing the ardency of his love, remark led: "How transported I am to have you hanging : on my arm !" "Upon irtv word," said the lady, "you make us out a very respectable couple, when one is transported and the other is hanging ' OCr'The following original lines, by C. Chauncey Hurr, tell a piquant story of Cupid, which the votaries of the bow-boy may ponder: Have you seen a little child, With a face so bewitchirtgly mild? Beware! With his little bow and string, He's a harmless looking thing— Beware! Lovers tell you he is blind; But 'tis false, as you will find Beware! Once be kissed a pretty maid; But he boxed his ei.rs, and said "Beware!" Thoughtlessly I took his part, When lie shot me through the heait! Beware! DOSING A TRAVELLER.'" A HOTEL SCENE. DY 11. KOSIIOOT. It was at one of'lhe extensive hostelrits which are to be "tied up to" in most of the large towns I in the interior of New York, that the follow-J ing scene actually occurred, as can be proved i by a cloud ol witnesses who have heard the • landlorJ tell the atari/. The hotel referred to was, on lh occasion of; which we are speaking, rather full, and the j nephew of the landlord lay sick in one of the t rooms on the third floor. He was to receive! medicine during the night from the hands of a ! person who had been procured to "watch" with • him. The landlord had entrusted the afore- ! said watcher to administer a portion of some j little physic to the patient at I'd o'clock ; the j dose to be repeated at certain nours ol the night. ! 'Tie is rather techy," said tlie landlord, "and you had better keep out of his room until vou go up to give him the medicine." "Uh, lor that matter," replied the watcher, j who was a novice in the vocation, "I preler to sit here and he eyed a sola which was in the apaitment, in a suspicious manner. "H ell" said the landlord, won't forget the number of bis room !" "No sir." , without making such a confounded fuss as he made with the last dose. Tell him thut I said he must take it—it's good for him." "Yes sir." ''Good night." "Good night." lloftitace teiired and the watcher deposited himjgl£on the sofa from which he was roused I by tins own snoring at a quarter before one. In dismay and confusion he seized the potion j and hurried up stairs. The sick man was lodged in No. 52, but ; the nurse in his haste mistook No. 53 for it,' and entering the latter, he saw a person lying in the bed, face upward, with his month wide open, respiring with that peculiar gurgle in the throat which indicates siiung lungs and a piethu i ic habit. "Ah ! mentally exclaimed the astute watch er, "he makes a lu.-s about his medicine, does he ? I'm blowed though il he don't take one dose quietly—beloie lit- wakens up in fact !" The idea of giving a potion of bitter physic to a somnolent patient was sufficiently ridicu lous ; but when we consider that the watcher hail entered the wrong room and was about to administei it to the wrong man, the affair be comes still more ludicrous. Our friend, the watcher, actt d promptly, and having tilled the bowl ola large spoon with the medicine, he forced it down the throat ot the sleeping traveller, who happened to be a healthy Hibernian that hail never tasted physic belore in his life. Ihe Irishman strug gled and bit the spoon severely, but the watcher plunged il still deeper in bis throat sayin iT as he did so: "Oh, but you must take it—the landlord says you must!" The nasty dose went down, but w hen Patrick recovered his Lr<aitiand began to pour forth his objurgations in Ins own 1 1uliar rhetoric, the watcher discovered that he had committed an egregious blunder, and seizing his light fled from the room. The astonished and enraged traveller sprang irom his bed, and was soon heard rushing about in search of the landlord swearing vengeance against linn and all connected with his house. On he came, tearing through the passages, bang ing the doors, and roaring like a grizlv Lull "00-00-oli ! it's kilt I am, be dad, any how. Au-uh ! I'm chaw ked with pison.—Divi! a bit u-v a fururn in the wist hern counthry will I buy now—for I'm a dead man ! The pison is eating me up jist. Ocli ! it's enough to make a dog throw his lather in the fire ! Hooly Saint Patrick ! Landlord ! landlord ! land-10-o-o-o-r-r i-d !" Pat had by this time descended to the floor on which the landlord's apartment was situated and tin* worthy host, hearing the hillabulloo, opened his dooi and asked what was the matter? '•Ah !is it there ye are ! Come out for a bating or om efcll ye! A d d poorly house yer kapen, to sindyer man into an honest thraveller's room to pison the innocent divi! in his slape ! Ugh! the Lifter nasty pison ! come out here, and I'll lather ye like blazes !" "What's the matter, my good tiiend !" inquired Boniface. "Ow ! the matter is !—whin 1 was waked from my swate slape and a big dirty braggard stood lornint me rammm' a big In-dle down me trote full ov pison—an' sez he you must take it, the landlord sez so! An, now what's the matter, sez you ! An' that's one ov yer tbricks on travellers ! "Come out here an' I'll hate ye. Be the bfnod of the hooly marthers, I'll brake ivory 1 bone in yer ugly body ! I'll Cache ye to pison Freedom of Thought and Opinion. BEDFORD, PA., FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 21, 1858. a dacent thraveller, that's goin' to buy land in the wist hern counthry !" The Irishman here became entangled in the meshes of a wooden settee which stood in his way, and, at the same time the landlord's wife seized her wrathy lord—although a host in himself, she was not willing to riskhimina rough and tumble fight iu the dark—and having plucked him back into her sleeping a jmrtment, she locked the door and bolted it securely*. The prospective purchase of"wisthern lands" having extricated his legs and arms from those of the setiee, still thirsted lor the landlord's blood. "Bring me tell the murlheria ould vilyan ; let me come at him !" At this juncture, however, Mick, the hostler, made his appearance with a lantern, which he held up to the physic-smeared face of the enra ged traveller with a polite request that he would hould his tongue. But Mick was at last com pelled to give his fallow countryman a good beating, which had the effect to restore hiin to good humor, and when he found that he was not "pisoned ' after all, he retired once more to his b<-d to dream of ins lt farum " which he was going to buy in the "wistheru country."—Bos ton Daily Times. THE PROPERTY OF STATESMEN. Statesmen, who are worthy of the appellation given tli'-jii, generally fail to secure fortunes. 1 ht-y devote themselves to pursuits, which, if honestly adhered to, rarely yield rich rewards. Jefferson died comparatively poor. Indeed, it Congress had not purchased his library, and given for it five times its value, he would, with difficulty, have kept the wolf from his door. Madison saved money, and was comparati velv rich, loadd to his fortunes however, or rather to those of his widow, Congress purchased his manuscript papers, and paid thirty thousand dollars for tiiein. James Monroe, the sixth President of the United States, died in this city, so poor that his remains found a resting-place through the chari ty of one ot our citizens. They remain in a cemetery in Second street, but no monument marks the spot where they repose. John Quiucy Adams faft some hundred and fifty thousand dollars, the result of industry, prudence, and inheritance. He was a man of Tif iiuren is v erd rich. Tfffdugbbuf his political life, he has studiously looked out for his own interest. It is not believed that he ever spent thirty shillings in politics. His party shook the bush, and he caught the bird. True to the instinct oi his nature, he believes that chanty is a cheat. Daniel Webster squandered some millions in liis life time, the product of his speculations. He died, leaving his property to Hi is children, and his debts to his friends. The former sold for less than twenty thousand dollars—the lat ter exceeded two hundred and fifty thousand. Henry Clay left a veiy handsome estate. It probably exceeded one bundled thousand dollars. He was a prudent manager; and a scrupulously honest man. James K. Polk left about one hundred and fifty thousand dollars—fifty thousand of which he saved from his Presidency of four years. John Tyler is worth fifty thousand dollars. Before he leached the Presidency he was a bankrupt. In olfice, he husbanded his means, and then married a rich wife. Zachary Taylor left one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. Millard Fillmore is a wealthy man, and keeps his money in a very stiong and sale box. It will never be wasted in speculation, or squandered in vice. Ex-I'resident Pierce saved some fifty thousand dollars from his term of service. Colonel Thomas H. Benton, we are sorry to sav, died poor. A correspondent of the Phila delphia liullelin says that, "some time since, his house, on C street, was burned down, and lie went to the expense of having it rebuilt ; but there is a mortgage of -SIO,OOO on it, which will almost absorb the value ol the property.— Colonel Benton was anxious that Congress should purchase 1,000 copies of his Abridgement ol the Congressional Debates, lor distribution among the various state libraries and foreign ex changes. He was of opinion that sucli a pur chase would be constitutional, and would tend todilfusea knowletigeof the political history of the country. Two members of the House of Representatives have the matter under con sideration, by his request, and will bring it at an early day, before Congress, with, as they think, good assurances of success." We hope that the books will be purchased by Congress. They are valuable— immensely valua ble— and should be deposited in different depart ments al Washington—in the libtarv of Con gress, and in the Smithsonian Institute. —-V. I. Mercury. RELIGION A FOUNDATION OF GKEATXESS. — Milton makes religion the foundation of true greatness. In promising to undertake some thing that might be of use and honor to bis country, he says: '•This is not to be obtained but by devout prayer to that Eternal Spirit that can enrich with all ntt.'iance and knowledge, and sends out his seraphim with the hallowed fire of his altar t.j touch and purify the lips of whom he pleases. To (Lis must be added industrious and select reading, ar.d steady observation and insight into all seemly anil generous arts and affaus. TF°""l don't think its any use to vaccinate for small-pox," said a backwoods Missourian, lor I had a child vaccinated, and he fell out of a window and was killed in less than a week alter." [CF"At Portland, Maine, a fire company has come within the influence of the revival, and taken two seats at one of the churches in the name of the company, the rent of thern to e ; pai 1 out of the funds of the company. LETTER OF A DYING WIFE. The following most touching fragment of a letter from a dying wife to her husband, was found some months after her death, between the leaves of a religious volume, which she was very fond of perusing. The letter, which was literally dim with tear marks, was written long before her husband was aware that the grasp of the fatal disease had fastened upon the lovelv form of his wife, who died at the age of nine teen : "When this shall reach your eye, dear George, some day when you are turning over the relics of the past, I shall have passed away forever, and the cold white stone will he keep ing its lonely watch over the lips you have so often pressed, and the sod will be growing green that shall hide forever from your sight the dust of one who has often nestled close to your warm heart. For many iong and sleepless nights, when all hut my thoughts were at rest, I have wrestled with the consciousness of approaching death, until at last it has forced itself upon my mind, and although to-you, to others, it might seem but the nervous imagination of a girl, yet dear George, it is so. Many Wvary nighfs have 1 passed in the endeavor to reconcile my self to leaving you, whom 1 love so well, and this bright world of sunshine and beauty; and bard indeed is it to struggle on silently and alone with the sure conviction that I am about to leave all forever and go down into the dark valley. "But, I know in whom I have believed, and leaning on His arm, I fear no evil." Da not blame me tor keeping even all this from you. How could I subject you of all others, to such sorrow as I feel at parting, when time will make it apparent to you. 1 could have wished to live, if only to be at your side when your time shall come, and pillowing your head upon my breast, wipe the death damp from your brow, and usher your departing spirit into its .Maker's presence embalmed in woman's holiest TYJV ¥ is 6T \Vaiuini£, rtirougn fong and dreary nights, for the spirit's final flight, and of transferring my sinking head from your breast to my Savioi's bosom. And you shall share my last thought, and the last faint pressure j of the hand, and the last feeble kiss shall be ' yours, and even when flesh and heart shall have failed me, my eyes shall rest on yours until ■ placed in death: and our spirits shall hold one last communion until gently fading from my view—the last of earth—you shall mingle with the first bright glimpses of the unfading of the better world, where partings are no more. Well do I know the spot, my dear George where you wil llay me. Often have we stood by the place, and as we watched the mellow sunset, as it glanced in quivering flashes through the leaves, and burnished the grassy mound around us with stripes of burnished gold, each, perhaps, has thought that some day one of us would come alone, and whichever it be, your name would be on the stone. But we loved the spot, and I know you will love it none the less when you see the same sunlight linger and play above the grass that grows over your Mary's grave.— I know you will go there, and my spirit will be with you then, and whisper among the waving branches : "I am not lost, but gone ! before." Which are the best Ilcrsesto H ear. This is a subject on which there will doubt less be a great difference of opinion, but it all depends upon this ;at what work are they'to be used, and how are they to be fed ? There can be no doubt that for heavy work, such as heavy teaming, plowing, and the like, where horses are driven slowly and well fed, that those six teen hands will wear best, and what is more, give the Ust satisfaction to their owner; who does not like to follow the plow after such a team ? But is a fault in too many of the horses which are bred at the present time— they have the extra hand all in the leg, and the man who knows anything about a horse will give all such animals a wide berth, as they are decidedly the worst to wear that there is to be found. .Again if horses are to be sometimes worked hard, at other times driven hard and what is worse than all, and but too often the case, poor ly fed into the bargain the small horses, such as the French breed will stand such treatment better than any other with which I am acquain ted. They are hardy, easy to keep, and will stand to be driven on the jump the one hour, and draw a heavy load the next. So the man who wants to get horses to wear well had bet ter first consider how he is to use them and the work they are to perform, and then he can easilv judge of the horses that will suit him.— Genessee Farmer. [CP* A young lady who is well posted in all the fashionable literature of the day, quotes By ron and Tom Moore, and works blue-tailed dogs in sky-colored convulsions, to perfection, inno cently inquired of a young gentleman the other ni<rbt who this Mr. Lecompton was who had occasioned so much trouble at Washington' WUOLU M Tlltl lt ®7r. Farmers' Column. TO MARE CREAM CfIEESE. Ihe following two receipts we copy from the Gardiner's Chronicle , an English 'publica tion, and we think they will satisfactorily an swer several queries made of us on the subject. It any ot our farmers' wives and daughters have receipts, we will receive them with thanks. [ED. GEK. TLL. lake a quart of cream, or if not desired very rich, add thereto one pint of new milk ; warm' it in hot water till it is about the heat of milk from the cow, add a small quantity of rennet,* (a table spoonfull is f suffici£nt,) let it stand till thick, then break it slightly with a spoon, and place it in the frame in which vou have pre viously put a fine canvass cloth ; press it slight ly with a weight ; let it stand a few hours, then put a finer cloth in the frame : a little powdered salt may be put over the cloth. It will be fit for use in a day or two. ANOTHER METHOD.—If cream is scarce, so that a sufficient quantity cannot be had at once, take a fine canvass bag, and pour as much cream as you may happen to have, into it, adding additional small quantities twice a day, and from its becoming naturally sour, the thin part will drain through the canvass, and the remain der will prove an excellent cheese. If one quart of cream can be had at once, and poureif into a fine hag, it will make a nice sized cheese. THE WHEAT CROP.—The Cincinnatti Price Current has information from all sections ofthe VYestern States relative to the extent and pres ent prospects of the growing wheat crop, arid reports that the quantity of land sown with wheat in the fall was larger than in the previ ous year, the weather during September being especially favorable for it. At the commence ment of winter the growth was uncommonly lorward, and at the close of the month of March the.nrowct Car n abundant crop was never winter, it is generalising 3G well until about the first ot June, when the nex 1 crisis of the crop comes. Pasture Grounds. Next to the importance of having good stock, is that of providing good pasturage. All lands are not adapted to this purpose. There is a vast ditference in the quality of the grasses, and we consequently find that some pastures in' which there is a luxuriant and well sustained crop of herbage, the season through, the animals pastured on them always famish. Other lands devoted to this use while they appear "short and dry," turn out their tenants in the fall, in a condition obviously improved—they are fat and sleek, and exhibit no signs of having been pinched for food, but the reverse. Low lands which are generally saturated with water which becomes stagnant, produce sedge and rushes, and other species of aquatic, or semi aquatic grasses, and can never be rendered good for pasturage without draining. Although they produce an abundance of green and appar ently succulent herbage, the animals are in variably poor—afford but little milk, and come to the barn in ttie autumn lean and enfeebled. High grounds, although they are more liable be seriously affected by drought, have the vantage of producing a more nutritive quality of food. The grasses are short, sweet, and highly nutritive and animals pastured upon them gain rapidly in flesh, and produce not only a largpr quantity of milk, but that oi a superior quality- Yet the best pasture lands, like grass and cultivated soils, in general, will nevertheless, in time, become sterile; the more valuable kinds of grass will "run out," and be supplanted by others of a less desirable or entirely worthless class. Nature, in this seems to corroborate the importance of a rotary system of cultivation with respect to all the more valuable produc tions. After producing a certain class of plants, for a stated or definite period, the soil appears to weary of it, and to demand a change. We see, in our forests, that the oak succeeds the p.ne, and the pine the oak. So in fhe minor productions. Corn cannot be cultivated with success on the same soil, more than three sea sons in succession, at most. Wheat never succeeds more than two, and clover and the other cultivated grasses deteriorate after yield ing a few crops, and finally depreciate and i dissappear. By breaking up our pasture grounds occa sionally, applying manure and plaster, and stocking down with fresh seed, we should find the soil would be vastly benefitted and improv ed. Where the surface is such as not to favor this kind of amelioration, the use of plaster, ashes, lime, nitrate of soda salt, and other simi lar fertilizers, is of great benefit. Poudrette and guano, as well as bone dust and ground oyster shells, have been used with good success, especially on sandy pastures. But as to guano, I cannot recommend it for this purpose, at the present high pi ices. VOL 1, NO. 42.
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