E2-Lancastar Fanning, Saturday, March 19,1994 Top Crawford DHIA Cows By Protein For February 1994 The top producing cows by protein in Crawford DHIA for February are as follows: OWNER - COW'S KANE BREED AGE DAYS MORRELL FARMS MADDIE NELSON RICHAR WANDA ELLA LIARE LACY BOBLER A-CARL MAMIE FIFI BLACK POND FARMS MICKLE WIL-AIRE FARM SPOT AMDRER BEAUTY ROBERT S. HANSEN Extension Forester Bradford County As spring approaches and the days grow longer and warmer and the nights remain cold, it is time to make maple syrup. In our area trees are tapped to ward late February and early March. Maple sugar products arc truly a North American product. Native Americans were perhaps the first people to make sugar and syrup from the maple tree. Indians living in the Lake States and along the St. Lawrence River would tap ma ple trees and gather the sap into a hollowed log. Hot stones would be added to the log causing the water in the sap to evaporate and con centrate the sugar or syrup. This sugar often became a very important food source for many Native Americans. Early white settlers learned how to make ma ple sugar from the Indians and soon developed methods of their own. For many woodlot owners to day, the making of maple syrup in the early spring is an important part of their activities. For some it has become a major cash crop from their woodlands. It is a unique crop in that it is often both produced and processed entirely on the farm. The Province of Quebec by far leads North America in maple Nashville Recording Star To Appear At Banquet GEORGETOWN, Del. Singer, songwriter, and comedian Johnny Russell will provide enter tainment for poultry industry per sonnel at the 1994 Delmarva Poul try Booster Banquet on Tuesday, April 26, in Salisbury, Md. The announcement was made by Walter Moorhead, president of Delmarva Poultry Industry, Inc. (DPI), the 4,000-member trade as sociation working for the contin ued progress of Delmarva’s more than $1.25 billion-a-year poultry industry. Russell has written songs for many of country music’s most popular artists, has recorded a number of songs, and has won numerous awards. He has appear ed on many television and radio programs as a singer, storyteller, and comedian. Guests at the ban- 305 4-5 KH Rfl KH 305 305 305 4-3 3-6 3-1 It’S products production. In 1984, Pennsylvania ranked ninth in pro duction behind Vermont, New York, Ontario, Ohio, New Hamp shire, Michigan, and Wisconsin. States and Provinces producing less than Pennsylvania include New Brunswick, Massachusetts. Nova Scotia, Maine, and Minne sota. The two tree species most often tapped for maple sugar production are the sugar maple (Acer sac charum), and black maple (Acer nigrum). Sugar maple is far more common in Pennsylvania than is black maple. Tapping generally does little harm to die tree if cor rect guidelines are followed. Trees that have been defoliated by gypsy moth or have suffered foliage damage from pear thrips, should not be tapped. Trees less than 10 inches in diameter should not be tapped. Trees less than IS inches should have only one tap. Trees greater than 20 inches can have four taps. Tap holes are made by boring a 7/16 inch diameter hole at a slight upward angle into the tree to a depth of 214 to 3 inches deep. A spout or spile is then gently tapped into the hole until it fits snugly. A galvanized bucket or special plas tic bag can be attached to collect the sap. Many of the larger pro ducers are using a plastic tubing system that collects sap and takes it straight to the sugar house or to Singer, songwriter, and comedian Johnny Russell will provide entertainment at the Delmarva Poultry Indus* try, Inc., (DPI) Booster Ban quet April 26 St the Wicomico Youth & Civic Center, Salis bury, Md. \ MILK PHOT PRO TEIN 35,274 27,907 29,865 31,855 31,909 28,518 25,874 25,501 26,920 29,722 24,018 974 3.3 29,871 932 907 892 3.2 3.2 3.2 29,376 27,993 27,970 Time To quel are sure to enjoy his show. The Booster Banquet marks the end of the annual DPI Fund Drive and close to 2,000 DPI investors are expected to attend. One ticket for the dinner is provided for each $125 investment. In addition to the entertainment and announcement of the Fund Drive results, a number of awards will be presented. Delmarva’s out standing poultry growers will be recognized, as will the recipients of the DPI Medal of Achievement and the Delmarva’s Distinguished Citizen Award. Membership in DPI is available for any person or company wish ing to support the local poultry in dustry’s trade association. For more information, contact the DPI office at R.D. 6 Box 47, George town. DE 19947-9622, (302) 856-9037. MAGMAS SHEILA CLASK S DOMCAM TEDDI * PAT PAT JASMIN GASYKAREN FREYESMDTH LORAIN ALAN ( RBOIA COSTEAD GIKA EMCEAM MASK + CHRIS CORNELL VAKESS RICHARD L FIELD BONNIE ORAMGE SOCKET LPFINC 52 JAMES + JANET HUNTER BRENDA 1167 3.9 SELDOHSEST”F"FAia( CINDY DENNIS B HALFAST STARLA 856 1048 1025 2.9 3.7 3.7 Make Maple Syrup Producers also fever trees with known higher sugar contents in thinning and timber stand im provement. Maple syrup can be made into other treats. Maple sugar, maple fudge, and maple cream are just a few. A great place to sample ma- large storage tanks. Eventually the sap is brought to the sugarhouse where a large eva porator reduces the sap to syrup. The sap is stored in a covered tank and is slowly let into the evapora tor. The evaporator is made up of a series of pans for boiling water from the sap. Sap is added in at one end of the pan until a predetermined level is reached. As the water evaporates from the sap, the sap becomes more concentrated and moves into other pans. Sap is constantly add ed to the sap pan to maintain a constant level. The sap moves along the different compartments losing more water to evaporation along the way. Finally, the finished syrup is drained from the syrup pan at the end of the process. The syrup is strained to remove “sugar sand” and other impurities and sealed in containers. The amount of sap needed to make a gallon of syrup varies with the percent sugar of the sap. Sugar contents of sap varies from tree to free from less than 1 percent to sometimes 10 percent The normal is about 2 to 3 percent. Approximately 40 gallons of sap with a 2 percent sugar content is needed to produce one gallon of syrup. Maple producers are often concerned with maintaining healthy trees as healthy frees have a higher sugar content in their sap. 3-5 2-9 7-5 3-5 3-6 RH GR-H 8-0 6-3 5-11 GR-H 5-11 5-1 4-3 GR-H 5-4 6-3 Plants Tailored To Resist Viruses WASHINGTON, D.C. For sale: plants immune to disease causing vims That’s what gardeners and far mers can look forward to, say U.S. Department of Agriculture scien tists who have built virus immuni ty into laboratory test plants. Plant pathologist John Ham mond of USDA’s Agricultural Research Service says immunity can be bred into future plants— from ornamental flowers like orchids and gladiolus to peas, beans and other farm crops. A vir us outbreak can be costly one virus reduced the $l3 million-a year market value of commercial ly grown gladiolus in Florida by 15 to 20 percent Hamond and colleagues at ARS’s Bcltsvillc. Md., research center used a genetic technology antisense to create immuni ty. “We reserved the coding sequ ence of a piece of genetic material taken from a plant virus to create an antisense gene,” he said. “When we inserted this gene in some experimental tobacco plants, we found it ‘disarmed’ invading plant viruses.” Antisense technology is a form of genetic engineering in which cells are instructed to do the oppo site of what one of their genes is telling them to do. Antisense is now new, but this is “the first time 26,369 26,446 305 305 3.3 3.1 26,295 27,109 305 305 3.3 3.1 26,694 301 3.3 27,066 26,031 305 305 3.2 3.1 30,582 305 2.8 305 28,059 3.0 26,759 305 3.1 305 28,096 2.9 23,799 295 26,394 305 2.9 pie products and have a good time is at the Endless Mountain Maple Festival at the Troy Fairgrounds in Troy on April 23 and 24. If you would like additional in formation on making maple syrup, you can contact a local maple pro ducer or the county extension of fice. it’s been used successfully to cre ate virus-resistant plants,” Ham mond said. Plants with the antisense gene will chum out antisense RNA the chemical cousin of DNA—as genetic material that, binds to an invading virus’s RNA. This bind ing apparently prevents the virus from reproducing itself in the plant. If the virus can’t reproduce and spread, then it can’t harm the plant, the scientist explained. Hammond found that the anti sense gene that was taken from bean yellow mosaic virus pro tected the engineered tobacco plants from the virus. A desert species of the tobacco plant, Nico tiana benthamiana, was used because it’s very susceptible to poty viruses the largest group of viruses attacking crops in this country. Hammond worked about two years with plant pathologist Kathryn Kamo and plant geneti cist Robert Greisbach on perfect ing the anti-virus gene technology at their Beltsville labs. He estimates that the antisense gene might be ready in two to five years for breeders of floral and other crops to use. Similar anti sense genes should work in the future to combat related viruses that infect fruit trees. 863 819 2.9 767 2.3 601 872 849 3.5 932 3.2 865 871 3.7 992 861 806 3.3 886 3.6 950 855 2.5 753 835 4.1 1142 826 4.0 1058 822 3.4 965 775 3.6 854 771 3.5 912
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers