UNIVERSITY PARK (Centre Co.) Controlling flies in poul try houses need not require, exces sive use of chemical pesticides, according to an expert in Penn State’s College of Agricultural Sciences. "Using natural predators and parasites can cut down on fly problems,” said Dr. Charles Pitts, professor of entomology. “But for these biocontrol methods to work, producers must use proper man agement practices and monitor fly populations.” Poultry producers must deal W \LTEMYER’S SALES & SERVICE. INC. RD *3, Box 43-B Red Uon, PA 17356 SHUEY’S SALES & SERVICE Main St. Ono, PA 17077 NORMAN D. CLARK & SON, INC. Box 27, Main St. Honey Grove, PA 17035 MEYER’S IMPLEMENTS, INC. 400 N. Antrim Way Greoncastle, PA 17225 MESSICK FARM EQUIP., INC. Rt. 283, Rheems Exit Elizabethtown, PA 17022 TiVCH EQUIPMENT Box 247, E. Main St. McAllstervllle, PA 17049 HISTAND’S FARM & HOME RD #l, Box 231 Rome, PA 18837 tIEORGE V. 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DORCESTER, Wl Ph 715-654-5132 can develop resistance to many insecticides. “Pesticides also may kill beneficial insects, leave residues in meat and eggs, and harm the environment,” he said. “The use of biocontrol strategies can reduce the need for and cost of pesticide applications.” Several native and commercial ly available predators and para sites attack and feed on house fly eggs and larvae. The macrochelid mite is the most common mite in poultry manure. This mite, less than 1/16 of an inch in size, lives on the out- The High Performance Wagon Built To Last ide Track Five Models To lort Turn Choose From Torture Tested And Field Proven For Your Satisfaction Meyers brought you the first and most dependable self unloading forage boxes; now Meyers offers you the most convenient and strongest steel bale throw boxes. Our goal has always been to provide farmers with qual ity products they can afford to buy. PRICE FIGHTERIWith Flint non) m HBPM Fly Problems ermost layer of manure and feeds on house fly eggs and larvae. Each mite can eat up to 20 fly eggs per day. “Macrochelids can substantial ly reduce house fly numbers,” Pitts said, “but large mite popula tions are required for any appreci able impact. About three or four weeks of manure accumulation is needed for these predators to become established.” Another mite found in poultry manure is the uropodid mite. It feeds on fly larvae and lives deep er in the manure, complementing \1 Spring loaded lift assists s in opening and closing gates Lancaster Ruining, Saturday, June 12, 1903-C3 the egg-feeding activity of the macrochelid mite on the manure surface. Certain types of hister beetle also help to contain house fly populations. Like the macrocHßHd mite, this eighth-inch long, black beetle feeds on fly eggs and larvae in the surface layers of poultry manure. Also, like the mites, his-* ter beetles are not attracted to fresh manure. Accumulations of six weeks may be necessary for significant beetle populations to develop. Tiny, stingless wasps that act as parasites can be included in a fly control program. Adult female wasps lay their eggs in fly pupae and the developing parasite larvae devour the pupae, emerging as adult parasites. Because these wasps are found only in small numbers on farms, some produc ers purchase them from commer cial laboratories and release them in their poultry houses. Pitts says to use these beneficial insects successfully, proper man agement is essential. “Manure should be kept as dry as possible,” Pitts said. "That dis courages fly breeding and reduces the weight of the manure so it’s easier to move when the manure pit is cleaned.” Producers should avoid and correct leaks in water ing systems and maximize air flow over manure to reduce moisture. “Producers who plan to release commercial parasites need to con sider which species to release and in what numbers,” he said. “Para site strains must be adapted to the local climate. Even then, many parasites offered by commercial insectaries have trouble becoming established, so periodic releases ate necessary. KEN CLUGSTON (717) 665-6775 CRAFT-BILT CONSTRUCTION INC. FARM-HOME BUILDING 1242 Breneman Road MANHEIM, PA 17545 PH: (717) 665-4372 BUILDING & REMODELING FOR DAIRY RESIDENTIAL SWINE POLE BUILDINGS BEEF STORAGE eon Ra Excavatin; 710 Flvepolntville Rd. • Denver, PA 17517 General Excavating Site Preparation (215) 445-4667 Jt" We Have A Backhoe, Loader & Pan To Better Serve Your Martin J ««M 5
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