November, 1990, the following companies manufactured test kits: Environmental Diagnostic Sys tems Corp., P.O. Box 908, 2990 Anthony Road. Burlington, NC 27215, (919-226-6311 or 800-334-1116). ‘ IDEXX- 100 Fore Street, Port land, ME 04101, (207-774-4384 or 800-548-6733). International Diagnostic Sys tem Corp.- P.O. Box 799, St. Joseph, MI 49085, (616-983-3122). Neogen Corp.- 620 Lesher Place, Lansing, MI 48912 (517-372-9200). Oxoid U.S.A. Inc.- 9017 Red Branch Road, Columbia, MD 21045, (301-997-2216 or 800-638-7638). Rialdon Labs, Inc.- 3609 E. 29th Street, Bryan, TX 77802 (409-846-6202 or 800-888-5688). Romer Labs, Inc.- P.O. Box 2095, Washington. MO 63090 (314-239-3009). Transia- 8, rue Saint-Jeau-de Dien, 69007 Lyon France 72-73-03-81. VICAM- 29 Mystic Avenue, Somerville, MA 02145, (617-623-0030 or 800-338-4381). Two mycotoxins that will likely contaminate com this fall are zear alenone and vomitoxin (deoxyni valenol). Zearalenone can lead to reproductive problems, whereas Dtal-m exact opener dom pressurefor the entire drilL.to put seed at just the right depth in a variety of field conditions. CREEK ement I Mills, PA _ POLE TAVERN TOBIAS EQUIPMENT EQ. SALES CORP. CO.. , NC> en E J Halifax, PA 609-355-2880 717-382-3132 13-2161 SCHEFFEL EQUIPMENT CO. Somerset, PA 15501 Equipment •1 Rl, 66 Wit City, PA ■364-5159 GEORGE V. SEIPLE & SON Easton, PA 215-258-7146 Hake inc. •WII*. PA ‘•35-2335 SUE h ENT INC, J».PA •63-6277 vomitoxin causes feed refusal. Zearalenone is an estrogen-like compound. One ppm in the feed enlarges the vulva and uterus, even in young gilts. Sows may fail to cycle, or show pseudo pregnan cy when consuming feed contain ing 3 ppm of zearalenone. Higher levels may lead to abortion. Levels as low as 2 ppm reduce testicular growth and total sperm numbers in boars. When levels reach 40 ppm of zearalenone, tes tosterone in the blood may drop and prevent the boar from mating successfully. Zearalenone also reportedly irritates the lining of the rectum. This leads to straining and eventu al prolapse or “blow-out” of the rectum. Vomitoxin is also common in damp com, and especially in scab by wheat The most obvious effect of vomitoxin is a dramatic reduc tion in feed intake. Levels as low as 2.5 ppm impair feed intake and weight gains. Levels of 20 ppm can cause vomiting in young pigs A positive mycotoxin test o your com is clear proof that yc i have a problem. A negative test only means that there was no mycotoxin present in the sample you checked. 3. Diluting the com with uncon taminated grain may help. But keep in mind, that if the grain has a lot .of mycotoxin present, dilut- Keep all your engines running stronger am longer John Deere Torq-Gard Supreme® Plus-50 Oil Saves Time and Money!* Now you can extend oil change intervals by 50 hours when you use John Deere Torq-Gard Supreme Plus-50 oil with a John Deere filter in a John Deere engine. 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It also has the effect of absorbing aflatoxin when added at the rate of 10 pounds per ton. The cost is about $.25 per pound. In experiments with young pigs, it almost com pletely reversed the effects of afla toxin. Unfortunately, it provides only a marginal response against vomitoxin and zearalenone. 5. If you can feed the grain to cattle, the losses will probably be minimized since ruminants are generally less affected by mycoto xins compared to pigs. 6. What about putting com in the silo? Hundreds of studies have shown that pigs perform well on good quality high moisture com. But the silo will not correct a mold problem that started in the field. 7. What about roasting? It will probably destroy the mold, but may not affect the mycotoxins, which are generally heat stable. Summary 1. This year’s com crop is high in quantity, but low in quality. The moisture content has been so high for so long that molds (and the mycotoxins they produce) seem to $64 51 * (with exchange) Reg. $73.31* Fits over 90 percent of cars and light trucks on the road today. 60-month warranty. TY6142 Asktbe Parts Experts Got a parts question? Ask the Deere dealer. They know what it takes to fit your equipment i pnees, so actual selling (nee may vary from the be contaminating many fields. 2. Watch your pigs closely or consider testing the com to deter mine whether you’ve got a prob lem. If mycotoxins are present, at the very least, avoid feeding the com to the breeding herd. 3. The feed additive, Nova-Sil, is relatively economical and is National Angus Show Offers Merit Awards ST. JOSEPH, Mo. If you arc a junior member of the American Angus Association and have been an active participant or exhibitor at a previous Atlantic National Angus Show, you are eligible to apply for an Atlantic National Merit Award. The awards are in the form of scholarships to by used towards higher education. Students must be 25 or younger as of January 1.1993 and must be a high school graduate or senior. The student must be enrolled or moldy grain in separate bins. This practice permits spe cial handling and will give you time to evaluate alterna tive options. The best management practices do not always guaran tee success. Low quality or moldy com still can cause a variety of problems during storage. Reports of grain heat ing in the center of bins have begun to surface. This heat ing can lead to rapid mold growth, or “hot spots,” prone to severe spoilage and mycotoxin development. Headng and eventual molding of grain thought suffi ciently dried can still occur when large outside tempera ture swings affect the air movement within the bin. For example, when inside air next to the outside bin wall cools, it moves downward. The warmer air is then forced upward in the center of the bin. As this air reaches the surface it cools and moisture condenses within the top layer of grain increasing the potential for mold devel opment. Grain should be monitored regularly to minimize the risk of heating in the grain bin. The most accurate moni toring technique is to auger out small quantities of grain and physically check for heating in the center of the bin, or to look for condensation within the top layer of grain. Heat and/or moisture buildup can be reduced by install ing a low-volume fan at the top of a perforated duct in the center of the bin which will pull air down through the bin, equalize the temperature and prevent condensation. The most prudent course of action may be to market or feed the grain as soon as possible to prevent further losses in quality. Proper grain storage will generally minimize further problems but will not reduce the level of toxins already produced. If you suspect your grain may have a problem with mycotoxins, or are concerned about low quality moldy com, have the grain checked by a laboratory such as the BAI Diagnostic Lab in Somerdale, Pa. (717-787-3400). Testing is not a guarantee of safe grain. Mycotoxin assays can be expensive and are only as reli able as the sample from which they are taken. A more reliable test for mycotoxin contamination is to feed moldy grain to a few test animals. Generally, if the level is high enough to cause serious risk, the symptoms will be observed in these test animals. Furthermore, addi tional precautions should be taken when feeding highly susceptible animals like horses, poultry, swine and young or gestadng animals. Preventing future problems with low quality or moldy com begins with early planning and a thorough review of your agronomic practices. Choose hybrids with maturity ratings compatible to your growing conditions. Early planting aimed at timely harvest can overcome many har vest concerns. When possible, rotate out of com or small grains to reduce the amount of disease spores present in the field. Where rotation is not feasible, tillage should be used to incorporate crop residue and help reduce disease pres sure. Minimize plant stresses by matching population with hybrid recommendations. Maintain soil PH and fer tility at optimum levels and control weeds as well as in sect pests as needed. Healthy plant stands are your best defense against low quality moldy com. A Lancaster Fanning, Saturday, Mardi 61M3-E2S probably worth a try. But studies have shown it is not too effective against Fusarium molds and mycotoxins that are common under the present conditions. For more information, contact the Penn State Cooperative Exten sion Office (757-9657). must plan to enroll in a college, vocational, or trade school, or other institute of higher education. Applicants must be available for a personal interview during the Atlantic National Angus Show in Baltimore, Md., on Memorial Day weekend. For an application and complete information, contact Lee V. Leak, 17800 Trundle Rd., Dickerson, MD 20842. Completed applica tions are due May 11, 1993. Corn (Continued from Pago E 24) Grain Testing Recommended
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