: at l mlng, incaster >avid Kradel Herbert Jordan Milton Madison John Di Penn State Poultry Pointers Bill Weaver PRACTICAL INFORMATION ON LIGHTING Andrew G. Yersin Assistant Professor Poultry Science The fact that lighting programs are a critical component of poultry management is well understood However, the terminology asso ciated with such programs is not always as easy to utilize. What are some of the common terms used, and what do they mean? • Candela the unit of lumin ous intensity of a light source in a specified direction. • Lumen the rate at which light falls on a square foot area sur face which is equally distant 1 foot' from a source whose intensity is 1 candela. • Lux equals 1 lumen per square meter (10.7 lux = 1 INTRODUCING THE NEW GENERATION VUiio|U% FROM CHORE-TIME: MODEL C 2 CONTRACTS AVAILABLE FOR NEW/UPDATED BROILER, BREEDER, PULLET, TURKEY AND LAYER HOUSES For Your Remodeling Needs , Nipple Watering , Feeding Or Ventilation, Equipment - CALL US! Northea lay, January 25, 1992 latun 'l J inald Singletary Andrew Yersii footcandle). • Lumen efficiency the amount of electricity necessary to light a bulb in watts. The number of lumens per watt of bulb is an indicator of the efficiency of the light source. The rule of thumb is that 1 watt produces 12.60 lumens of light. • Footcandle illumination on a surface is measured in footcan dles. This is defined as the density of light striking each and every point on a surface within a 1-foot radius with a 1 candle power sour ce at the center. * Available lumens not all light is available many of the lumens are absorbed by the walls, ceiling, and equipment (30 per cent). Dirty bulbs and dusty or cloudy conditions may also reduce the available lumens so that the average is approximately SO percent To illustrate by example, con sider that 1 watt = 12.60 lumens x Peimsylvania’* Only Authorised Distributor Of Feeding System* And SmISH Watering Systems! NORTHEAST AGRI SYSTEMS, INC. FLYWAY BUSINESS PARK (717) 569-2702 TOLL FREE CUSTOMER SERVICE NUMBER: SO percent = 6.3 lumens/watt. Now, calculate footcandles: (1) 60 watt bulb x 12.60 lumens = 756 lumens x (SO percent) = 378 lumens of light available. If this amount of light was spread evenly over 240 square feet (which nor mally does not happen) then 378/240 = 1.58 footcandle per square foot. wlz tS < General management guidelines: • Use reflectors when possible. • Clean bulbs every 2 weeks. Dirty bulbs can significantly reduce light intensity. • Distribution of bulbs fol low a 1-1.5 ratio. The distance between bulbs should be 1.5 times the distance from the bulb to the bird level. ‘ Always use a light meter to obtain accurate measurements of in-house light conditions. Also remember that the environ ment (temperature), physical requirements of the lamps (line voltage), and light distribution can and will affect the lighting prog ram selected for your operation. Evaluate your individual hous ing situations and consider all fac tors when deciding on the type of light source and the lighting prog ram for your operation. 1-800-673-2580 Sheep President Spells Out Year Of Challenge ORLANDO, Fla.— Playing off the convention theme of “Building Bridges,” American Sheep Indus try Association President Jim Magagna said 1991 was a year of “creative solutions setting some unprecedented opportunities for the future. It was our beginning of bulding bridges.” he told the board of directors during ASPs annual meeting here recently. Magagna drew some parallels between the issues of 1991, his first year as ASI president, and the challenges expected in 1992. “The coalitions we are building with other industries and organi zations on the endangered species issue will make it workable for our industry in the upcoming debate,” he said. “It will set the stage to move forward in building public policy to stabilize public lands and grazine policy.” Magagna pointed to work with other industry groups like the Sheep Industry Development program, saying the industry is prepared to move forward together to create programs to benefit all sheep producers. In the wool area, Magagna talked about the efforts in intcma New Grill Design Lets Bi As Easy As They Go In. 139 A West Airport Rd. Lititz, PA 17543 lional marketing and wool quality improvement “We have created a niche in the intemaitonal market for U.S. wool,” he said, “We will build an integrated effort for marketing opportunities with our products,” The lamb market “drew a tre mendous effort from the entire industry in 1992,” he said. “We are building a foundation on which we can build and move for ward.” The results include moves toward value-based marketing tools such as quality and yield grading and price discovery, he said. “Information and quality will be a base on which we can build a future for our industry,” Magagna said. “Our industry has an image to be proud of,” he said, pointing out new materials developed to tell consumers about the quality and wholesomeness of lamb and wool, and the environmental benefits of sheep production. He called on the board to be innovative and progressive in looking at the association and in creating its vision for the future. He said funding will be a continu ing issue for the industry. Support Option Allows You To Conveniently Update Old Conventional Feeder Systems Without Taking Apart Ar Tubes. \\B/v STORE HOURS Mon.-Fri. 7:30-4:30 Sat. 7:30-11:30
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