B4—Lancaster Farming, Saturday, August 1,1981 How to stop scab NEWARK, Del. This year’s scab can scar next year’s grain fields, according to University of Delaware Extension plant pathologist Bob Mulrooney. He cautions farmers to be aware of the amount of scab that oc curred in this year’s wheat crop and to keep in mind that the disease can be carried over from one crop to the next, both in the seed and on crop refuse in the fields. “The fungus carried with the seed can infect wheat seedlings next year as seedling blight, while the fungus from cornstalks or wheat or barley straw allowed to remain over winter on the surface of the ground may infect the heads on next year’s crop, causing head blight,” he explains. “Scab occurs most commonly when wheat follows com in the rotation. ” The scab fungus attacks both the seedlings and also the heads of plants. Infected seedlings are killed or greatly weakened. The infected parts of heads are killed. The most conspicuous symptom in this case is a premature drying of one or more spikelets, giving the infected part a bleached or whitened appearance. Usually pink- or salmon-colored masses of spores of the scab fungus are evident at the edges or bases of affected glumes. The kernels in killed parts of the head are greatly shrunken, almost white new Deputy under Secretary of Ag Hammer is WASHINGTON, D.C. - Secretary of Agriculture, John R. Block has appointed Thomas A. Hammer, of Falls Church, Va., to be deputy under secretary ot agriculture for international af fairs and commodity programs. In his new position, Hammer will help formulate and administer policies tor USDA’s Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service, Federal Crop Insurance Corporation, Foreign Agriculture Service and Office of International Cooperation and Development. Before his appointment. Hammer worked as an agricultural consultant for several Morton Buildings’summer price special! To take advantage of these outstanding offers, we ask your cooperation with the following Provide a level building site (our salesman will assist with site preparation guidelines), furnish unloading help, participate in our 3 payment plafi(l Down payment, 2 Delivery payment and 3 Completion payment), and accept delivery and erection at Morton Buildings' convenience Also note, travel expenses will be added if your building site is more than 40 miles from the sales office No tax need be added Offer expires Sept 15,1981 Fora complete explanation of these offers and a tour of Morton Buildings in your area, contact the nearest sales office Ask about our optional ENERGY PERFORMER INSULATION PACKAGE (see photo below) This unique package not only looks good, but works even better All details for proper installation between timber columns and trusses with plastic vapor barriers and white steel panels attached Attic is ventilated with special ridge cap and overhang at eaves 54'xlZ'&'*72' MACHINE 24x9x36' STORAGE BUILDING SUBURBAN • 27 xi4’double end door BUILDING • 27 double side door • Overhang sides and ends • Walk door with {lass • 12 *9 double end door • 4skylites • Walk door with glass • 4’x3 window with shutters I Address . Ph 814/364-9500 I RD O4, 80x34A, Gettysburg, PA 17325 . . Ph. 717/334-2168 Box 529, Culpepper. VA 22701 Ph 703/825-3633 J Phone No Bo* 126, Phillipsburg, NJ 08865 Ph 201/454-7900 Box 937, State College, PA 16801 and scabby in appearance hence the name “scab”. The milling value of scabby wheat is low, and infected grain is objectionable as feed because it makes animals sick. Growth of fusarium fungi in scabbed grain produces toxic compounds (mycotoxms) that cause muscle spasms, acute vomiting, nausea, dizziness, diarrhea and soreness in man, young chickens, pigs, dogs, horses and other non-ruminant animals with simple stomachs. More than three percent scabby kernels in swine feed is poisonous to hogs. Pigs that are fed 10 percent or more of badly scabbed grain vomit and then refuse to eat the mixture. Cattle, sheep and mature poultry (except pigeons) do not react to scabbed grain. But because one of the mycotoxins involved has some estrogenic activity, scabby gram should not be fed to breeding animals. Scabbed wheat kernels are easily removed by modern grain cleaning equiment. Scabbed barley and oak kernels are much harder to separate from healthy gram. Scab is difficult to control, says Mulrooney. In areas where it is frequently severe, the most ef fective control is obtained by not sowing wheat after com. If you must do this, cornstalks should either be plowed under thoroughly agricultural businesses and as national affairs director with the American Farm Bureau Federation here. During 1974-75, he worked as an economist with Mitsubishi International Cor poration m Washington. He has also worked as a banker and served as a pilot in the U.S. Navy. Hammer earned a bachelor of arts degree in political science from Marietta, Ohio, and a master of business administration in finance and international business from George Washington University, Washington, D. C. Hammer is married to Jennifer Florer of Marietta, Ohio. from scarring next year’s grain or cut as low as possible and removed from the field before the land is disked. The seed should always be cleaned thoroughly and treated with a piotective chemical before sowing, it you’ie saving over some of your own grain as seed. Some wheat varieties are less susceptible to scab than others, but none is even moderately resistant, says the specialist. He recom mends growers consult their copy of the extension Wheat and Barley Review for disease ratings. The plant pathologist recom mends growers adopt the following practices to minimize the in cidence of scab in their gram crop nextyear: / Plow under cleanly and deeply all infected stubble and straw of n ==• - 114 ; • * ,3 \i ■ ftp CALL COLLECT OFFICE NEAREST YOU: small grains and weed grasses, cornstalks and rotted ears. Complete coverage of crop residues helps reduce head blight infections. Sanitation is most ef fective when it is done on a com munity-wide basis, so talk with your neighbors about doing this, too. Manure containing infected straw or cornstalks should not be used for top dressing. Sow only plump, small-grain seed that has been thoroughly cleaned to eliminate all light weight seed and then treated with carboxm (Vitavax; or a com bination ot carboxm plus captan, maneb or thiram (.sold as Vitavax 200;. Proper seed treatment controls seedling damage trom infected seed. But it will not control the head blight or scab, toot *44,542 66’x13'6"x216’ NEW “SIXTY-SIX SPACE SPANNER” • 1' overhang sides and inds • 4 single pane windows • Walk door with glass • 2-27’ double side doors • I2’xl I'6” overhead door • Gutters and downspouts included I □ Send information on MORTON BUILDINGS and Free Floor and Door Plan. □ Have your salesman phone for an appointment □ Insulated Shops □ Machine Sheds □ Horse Barns □ Gram Storage □ Garages □ Free Stall Barns □ Livestock Barns Name rot and stem bhgt:* phases of the disease. Delay the sowing of winter cereal grains until the tem perature is 60° Fahrenheit or below, to reduce the chances of severe seedling blight. Sow adapted and recom mended small-grain varieties in a fertile, well-prepared seedbed. Rotate small grains and com with legumes, allowing at least one year break in cereal, grass or com cultivation. Plant small grains as far as possible from old cornfields. No highly resistant varieties of wheat, oats, barley or rye are available. Some varieties are infected less frequently, ap parently because of physical barriers to the infection of florets and spikelets. OVER ONE HALF CENTURY OF SALES & SERVICE TERRE HILL SILO CO., INC. TERRE HILL, PA 17581 ★ TRI RIB CONCRETE STAVE SILOS ★ PATZ FEED & MANURE EQUIPMENT ★ SERVICE FROM A WELL STOCKED PARTS DEPT. ★ FIBERGLASS SILO PARTS & CALF HUTCHES ★ EXPERT SILO REPAIRS FOR FAST EFFICIENT SERVICE CALL TERRE HILL 215-445-6736 CUSTOMER COMMENT: We just wanted you to know what a pleasure it was tor us to meet and associate with the three men on the silo crew during the three days they were here to build our silo. They were always pleasant, cheerful and simply nice to be around. They worked quickly, but we feel they were also careful and con structed a good, sturdy silo. Thank you for sending us such a skillful and friendly crew. FftCewCATMERVANE wdHiW
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