. , P.1=1,331110011, “SILLEUID DAILY (131TNDAY8 EXCEPTSDL' BY JOBB W. FORNIOY. ONTO& No. 111. FOUTH FOURTH STURM. WIXE, 0.1.1..GY PRESS, rtirrim thole PEA WEEK, payable to the wrier. ailed to Saineribero out of the City at Sores Dormane int LIMY. P,ntsg DOLLARE AND FIFTY' ORKTO FOR Six BIONITs. ONE DOLT,Ar. AND SpvENTY-VV7II GENTS TOR ItEL MOITIES, invariably in advance for the time or. Urea. Si- Advertisements inserted at the nsaal rates. SIX itna ennetitate a egnaro. WIES TRI-WEEKLY PRESS, Mailed to Einbeeribere out of the City at Foust. DOLLAU Fax 11.111tME. itt adYMlce. =M==l AROII43TROAT' CARPET WAREHOUSE. w3Ervcr CA3EL3E 3 .30:1"XW10r.. All the loading styles of VELVET, BRUSSELS, THREE-PLY, INGRAIN, AND VENETIAN low to store, and Eletlina at . TILE REDUCED PRICES. for Mush. J. BLICKWOOD, 832 ARCH STREET, Two Doors below NINTH. South Side. REMOVAL J. F. & E. B. ORNE HAVE lIEMOVED FROM 619 ORESTNIIT STREET, Opposite the State Hotu3e, to their NEW W AREIIOIISEJ PO4 CHESTNUT STREET, 3n the '` BUBB BUILDING," and have now open their FALL STOCK OF I•TEMT 904 CHESTNUT STREET_- se2-2m G . W. BLABON CO. MANUFACTURERS OF C:SXX: pro. IWI NORTH THIRD STREET, PHILADELPHIA Offer to the Trade a full stock of FLOOR, TABLE, AND CARRIAGE C:I3C3ICA 401-1C)070 1 .11=1,S1, GEE ILHADE S. N-OLAZED O CLOTHS AND WINDOW 'GLAZED S f.ILEN ECHO" MILLS; GERMANTOWN, PA. McCALLUM & 00.4 'MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS, AND DEALERS IN C AJELP3ParrING-S, OIL CLOTHSi• &C 3: WAREHOUSE, 509 CHESTNUT ST., OPPOSITE INDEPENDENCE HALL. sol-9m GEORGE W. HILL, fdannihntarer and Wholesale Dealer in. CARPETINGS, MATTINGS, RUGS. • ALSO. COTTON AND WOOLLEN YARNS, At very. Low Prices. 810. 126 NORTH THIRD STREET. ABOVE AEON, sel-lnYo • Philadelphia. WOODEN AN]) WILLOW WARE. TI FatA.lti C ISC T_TS, vracaxsAms MULLEN IN YARNS, BATTS, WADDINGS, WOODEN AND WILLOW WARE, OIL 8140111 S, WINDOW SILIDES. LOOKING GLASSES, CLOCKS, FANCY BASKETS;-..&0 518 MARKET and 510 COMMERCE Ste. GREAT OPENING OF CEDAR AND WILLOW WARE. THE LARGEST STOCK IN THE CITY ZOW SELLING AT BARGAINS 8.000 DOZ. CORN BROOMS. SAO DOZ. FANCY PAINTED BUCKETS. 1.000 NESTS - CEDAR WASH. TUBS. 2.000 CEDAR STAFF AND BARREL CHURNS 'l4OO DOZ. WILLOW MARKET BASKETS. &WI BALES COTTON-WICK AND TIE YARN 'l,OOO BALES BATS AND WADDING. SETICITLE BASKETS, OIL CLOTHS. LOOKING GLASSES, CORDAGE, acc..-Ssa All Goods are sold at the Manufacturer's Lowest Cash ?rim. Orders promptly filed. ROWE .81; EUSTON 157 and no NORTH THIRD STREET, sel-tuthalm Three doors below Race. FAI 4 • 1863 WKT.TE PECHIA, • NO. 4213 MARKBT STREET, WHOLESALE DIALERS IN WOODEN AND WILLOW WARE, BROOMS, CEDAR WARE, OIL-CLOTH, LOOKING GLASSES, ' FANCY BASKETS, ci ORD AGE,.doo_ or Agents for ”HAL.EY. MORSE. CLOTHESN'S PATENT SELP-AD JUSTIN° WRINGER," EVE MOST RELIABLB WRIN4BI2 NOW IN lISB. 2se7-2m J. H. COYLE & CO., Wholesale Dealers in . YARNS, BATTS, CARPET CHAIN. WOODEN WARE, BRUSHES, ago., • 2310 MARKET STREET. PICILADELPIIIA. OAS VIXTIURBS, &c. 617 ARCH STREET C. A. VANKIRIE & CO. ItifiI7PAOTURREB Olt CHANDELrERS AND OTHER. GAS FIXTURES. French Bronze Figures and Ornamente. Porcelain and Mica Shades, and a variety of 4 ,- F,ITOY GOODS, WROT..,RSALE AND . RETAIL. Please call and oramine .goodmi SEWIN G MACHINES. LONG -LO ND FOR COME AT LAST! VHE PERFECTION OF SEWING ISIELCHINES. SAMPLES OF THE' CELEBRATED FLORENCE SEWING itCRINES Clan be seen at No. 439 CIHMTNIIT STRUT (second floor), Where all persons interested in sewing machines are !n -ettled to tali and examine this wonderful Machine. It has been the object of the FLORENCE SEWING MACHINE COMPANY to supply a machine free from the objections attached to other firet-class machines. and after the patient, untiring labor ofy ee.re and a liberal texpenditnre of capital in securing the first mechanical indent. their efforts'have been crowned with Success and they are now offerWcto the public the MOST PERFECT fifigWlNG MACRINE, IN THE WORLD. Among its r i g i advantages over all other machines, may be mem -Ist. It makes four direrent etitelteg on one and the name machine. each stitoh being perfeet" . and alike on both sides of the fabric*. . Id. Maturing from one kind of iotitoh , to., Another, as late as the length of the stitch, can readihr:bidone While Ulla machine ill in motion. Evervistitch is perfect in **eV making .. the seam beauty bemire and. uniform, combining elastfcity, strtagth` and 4th...ft has the revetWbte feed motion, which enables the operator to run the work to either the right or left, sr stay any part of the seam, or fasten the ends of seams Without turning the fabric or stopping the machine. oth . . le is the moat rapid sewer in the world, making aye stitchea' to , each revolution, and there is no other Insulin° rhioh will do so large a range of Work as the ELORENOIL • _ eth. li r feee the heaviest or jgnest Work With equal fa *Mix, thout change of tension or breaking of thread. t hems, fells, binds. gathers. braids, quilts, and framers and sews on a ruffle at the same time. Stk. /teatatrßicity enables the most inexperienced to operate it. Its motions are all positive, and there are no fine syringe to get out of order, and it is adapted to ail kindsges of cloth-tvork, from thick to thin, and is at- Moat . Stit. L The FL s ORENCE SEWING MACHINEIs unequal- Dearity and 'style, and must be seen to , bo appro. dasad see the FLORENCE, at No, 4341 CHESTNUT litrast, sp stairs. • atoo-tt OL. 7.-NO. 51. SILK AND DItY;.G.CiODS JOBBERS. AUTUMN. _ , 1863. DAWSON, BRANSON, & CO., N. W. COB MARKET FIFTH' STS., OM MARKET STREET.) INVITE THE ATTENTION OF CITY AND. COUNTRY. MERC.HANTS TO. THEIR STOCK OF FRENCH AND ENGLISH DRESS. GOODS, - SHAWLS, &a. each Buyers will find it to their interest to Exasultie our Goods. , . r. R. DAWSON 0. BRANSON J. 0. BONOARONES. sOl2-2m. THOS. MELLOR 63 00.1 IMPORTERS, Nos, 44) And 4,11 NORTH THIRD STRUT- We invite the attention of the trade to onr large stock of HOSIERY, , 6 -LOVES, SHIRTS, DRAWERS, GERMANTOWN FANCY WOOLENS, LINEN CAMBRIC HDEFS., 4.4 `LINENS, AND SHIRT FRONTS. se?-Sin. 1863 FALL IMPORTATION. 1863 EDMUND YARD & .CO., IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS, SULKS AND FANCY DRY GOODS, al9 ORESTNUT and 611 JAM; Street, Have now opened their Fall importation of Dress Goods, viz: KERINOS, COBURGS, ALPAOAS, DELAINES; PLAIN AND STRIPED POPLINS FANCY AND BLACK SILKS. Also, • large assortment of • • SHAWLS, • BALMORAL SKIRTS,. WHITE GOODS, LINENS, EMBR/DERIES, &a, which they offer to the trade at the LOWEST MARKET PRICES. antl-tr JAMES, KENT. SANTEE, it 004 IMPORTERS /...ND JOBBERS OF Dial?' Goons, Noe. 23157 and 241 - N. THIRD SWUM, ABOVE BAWL PRILADELPELIA. 70 now open their usual LARGE AND COMPLETE STOOK FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC DRY GOODS, Arnola which will be found a more than aerially attrac tive variety of LA_DIES' DRESS GOODS; Also. a fall assortment of MERRIMACK AND and COCHECO PRINTS. PHILADELPHIA-MADE GOODS, To Which they invite the SPECIAL ATTEITTIOX OV CASH BUYERS. araMna CASH BUYERS, AT WHOLESALE,;,:, Ire invited to examine oar FLANNELS, BLANKETS, MERINOES, POPLINS, BLACK BILKS, FANCY SILKS, IRISH LINENS, WRITE (1001 S, DRESS GOODS, and other articles adapted to the &mem JAMES R. CAMPITEIJ, & CO.; 7..27 sa26-2m - OHBR:ONi - TT STIVEBT. FALL STOCK SILK AND FANCY DRESS GOODS A. W. LITTLE & CO. se2,2m Ifo. 3%5 MARKET STREET 1863. FALL 1863. Dial( GOODS. HOOD, BONBRIGHT, & 00 WHOLESALE DEALERS II FOREIGN AND . DOMESTIC DRY GOODS. No; 435 MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA: The attention of the TRADE is invited. to their large Stock of STAPLE AND FANCY GOODA, Among which are choice brands of Sheet . ing and •Shirting Madder Prints, De Lames, Gingham, and SEASONABLE DRESS GOODS. ALSO, MEN'S WEAR IN GREAT VARIETY*.' GREAT GREAT INDIJCEMENTS OFFERED TO CASH BUYERS. sa2o-23n BLACK SILKS, - AT ' , MY LOW PRICES M.:L. HALLOWELL & CO;., No. 615 CHESTNUT STREIT SII&WLS, AMERICAN AND FOREIGN, IN GREAT VARIETY 112. L. HALLOWELL do GO.; No. 615 CHESTNUT STREET. DRESS GOODS. An immense assortment, in 'French, English, and Saxony Goods. M. L. EIALLOWELL Jet CO., sol-lm No. 615 CHESTNUT STREET TO WHOLESALE BUYERS. THOMAS W. EVANS & CO. INVITE THE ATTENTION OF WHOLESALE BUYERS TO THEIR LARGE AND WELL-SELECTED ASSORT IifENT OF FANCY DRY GOODS. FALL AND WIN'ITIVSALES. Me Stock Ls principally of T. W. K. 4 (SO.'S own IN POST~TION, and will-be offered at the MOST REASONABLE PRICES. BUM are solicited to call said examine 820 CHESTNUT STREET, 'UP STAIRS. CASH HO.6SE. M. L. HILLOWELL i&E, CO.) HATE NOW IN BTORX. , DRESS. GOODS, BL.A.OkiAND FANCY arras, SHAWLS, 13ALMORAT,S, RIBBONS, KID GLOVES, &c., &o. Bought exoltudvaly for 'mkt, and Which will bo sold at a small advance. ael-3m 1863. FALL AND WINTER 1863. nrcv . Gooiffs'. RIEGEL, WIEST, do ERVIN 3 IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS OF DRY GOODS: NO. 47 NORTH THIRD STREET, PHILADELPHIA. We are constantly receiving large lots of all kinds of fresh and doeirable goOde. Merchants will find it to their advantage . to cal l ,. and examine Our stock before _ Purchasing elsewhere, as we can offer them inducements uernialled by any other establishment in rkiladelohlm. se9.2nt - . ..• ' -.• • '." - - ~_ _ . , , . „ . . . . ~ . , ~ • - .... .. . _. ... .. , --k. • . :. •,.. N. ' \\• I , - Ili ~ '. 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' , t„ .... ~.. ..... ~.,......, ..., ....., ...,!, >!......,.. 4. •N - 4 A.,.... -• „ 2 .., , . • 1 ., ,L.,-. , -.. .-..,--.!: .. (4 ,.. .... ~,_ ~, ;4: ~A. ',..' i'lly • ~_ -::('-%.% .., , -- . 2 ',-",,, ' , ~..v,r5,-,14-it5Z-,,,,..=,M-., ., ~,,,„,..-1.4... . ~,,,, ~.•„. ~- . „::47. 4 ' . :, 4 4 . ,',. :,... , -. 4 ''''....;,%:. } ' 6l.-- :4''' - , 41.5 -., ,O • , ,..,031,1,,.._ ~1 , - k g,,t . 1., , - fir , 41r ., 4 .. 4 ,,.. , 71 10 r 7 _, , .L.- $ . '17.11 , , z...7.4 ,- - -' •? - :,. -.' , , ,-,. ~,'' '' , y, , ,ri., -=„ , c 4,... •Al .a., ; -. 4 k,.t!, ~., .. -...,. ...._, Nr.v. • •,- ~..p,.... . ----.4 , ., " . ---' ci00410.,•• ' - - W.-+ 4.,...... --I'r--,'.• ' - iy - - -••. -4- tr.r . ..72 , ? .., , 1 ,- ;• - ` ' 4:: • -..- • ............nr-Lrozoqie r .. "--- - - ,, %••!•,, , ) 7 " • 1 . •• . . . . on CHESTNUT STRUT, PO A L.--LSIIGAR : LOAF, BEAVER MEADOW, and Spring Mountain Lehigh Coal, and beat Locust hfountain, from. Schuylkill ; prepared ex pressly for Family use. 'Depot, N W. corner of EIGHTH and WILLOW, Streets. Office, No. 112 South SECOND Street. - , [ap2.ly) WALTON & CO. 11,11AMPAGNE.--AY: INVOICE - OP Gold Lae.", and "Gloria " Champagne; in sinarte and piste jest rec eived s per French ship "Line Amalie," for sale by ~ r 'v• °HAG. S. Sr. JAS . n A GaßSTnilt.d.. genta. sea Soo. o WALNUT % So wi le ll +JUANITA 3ts. CII6OII3[INIG. WANAMAKBB & BROWN'S POPULAR • C) A Mr. xx -AL Xi Li S. E. CORNER SIXTH AND MARKET: FINE CLOTHING READY-MUM /- & B. WINAMAKER & BROWN, MERCHANT TAILORS. CUSTOM DEPARTMENT, NO. 1 SOUTH 15LETH STB.RET. The newest eiyles for. Fall and Winter Now Heady. sel6-kle3l AND.RIOT, MAGEOCH, & CO., FRENCH TAILORS, No, NS CHESTNUT STREET. PHILADELPHIA. PAUL' ANDRIOT, (of Parts.) late Principal Crater and Superintendent of Granville Stokes. JAMES D. MAGEOCH. late Pante and Vent Cutter - of Granville Stokes, and D. GORDON YATES. A choice stock of Seasonable Goode always on hand. French and German spoken. sels-Sm EDWARD P. KELLY, • JOHN KELLY: FORMERLY CHESTNUT, ABOVE SEVENTH, LATH 1022 0112671117 T TAILORS. 142 SOUTH TRIED St., NEAR THE EXCHANGE. Have just received a large Stock of Choice FALL AND WINTER GOODS, AND FALL STYLES, TERMS. CASE, at pricesp much lower than any other iiist-class establishment. ar.B7-tf BLACK CASS. PANTS $5.50, At 704 BIARRITZ Street. BLACK CASS. PANTS, $5.50. At 704 MARKET Street. BLACK. CASS. PANTS, $5..50, At 704 MARKET Street. BLACK CASS. PANTS. 04.60. At 701 MARKET. Street. BLACK CASS. PANTS. $5.50, At 704 MARKET Street. GRIGG & VAN GUNTBN'S, No. 704 111A.RE.ST Street. GRIGG & VAN GGETRN'S, No. 704 MARKET Street. GRIGG & VAN GUNTEN'S„ No. 704 MARKET Street. GRIGG Zit VAN GITNTRN'S, No. 701 MARKET Street. GRIGG of VAN GIINTEN'S. No• 704 MARKET Street. DAM-if SILVER-PLATED WARE. SILVER PLATED WARE MINILFAMORY. TEA SETS, CASTORS, WAITERS, ICE PITCHERS, &c. &c •vrin - pm, clz MOSS, geS-fin 225 SOUTIIFIVTH STREET. GENT'S FITRATIS'HING GOODS. NOS. I AND 3 N. SIXTH STREET, PHILADELPHIA. .3 - 01EIN C. AIEPORISON, (FOR)CERLY I. BURR mown.) IMPORTER AND DEALER IN GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING GOODS, SUX'6FACTURER OF THE IMPROVED WRAPPERS COLLARS, SATISFACTION GITAISANTIED, rayM-tovi GEORGE GRANT, No. 510 CHNSTNIIT STRIBT. Ilas; now ready . - A LARGE AND COMPLEPR SPOON GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS, Of his own importation and manufacture. Rio celebrated. "PRIM MNDAL SHIRTS," Iffiratilactnred under the superintendence of JOHN F.' TAGGERT, (Formerly of Oldenberg & 'Taggart,' Are the most perfect-fitting Shirts of the age. Mar- Orders promptly attended to. ire-thatti-fim ARCH STREET. 606. 606. FINE SHIRT AND WRAPPER DEPOT. Alt ELEGANT ASSORTMENT OP RENTS' VITRIVISHING GOODS, AT MODERATE PRICES. EMIR PREMIUMS AWARDED FOIL SHIRTS, WRAPPIMS, AND STOCKS. A. 'HOFFMANN, Successor to W. W. %MEET, 606 ARCH STREET. 606. VINE SHIRT MANUVACTORY. The subscriber would invite attention to his .. IMPROVED CUT OF SHIRTS, which he makes a specialty in his business. Also, con stintly_receiving - NOVELTIES FOR GENTLEMEN'S WEAR. J. W. SCOTT, GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING STORE, No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET, ja2o-if Four doors below the Continental. DRUGS. ROBERT SHOEMAKER do Co., Northeast Corner FOITRTH and RACE Streets, PHILADELPHIA, WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN • • ' FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC WINDOW AND PLATE GLASS, MANUFACTURERS OF WHITS LEAD AND ZINC PAINTS, PUTTY, Aro. AGENTS FOE. TILE CELEBRATED FRENCH ZINC PAINTS. Dollars and consumers supplied as VERY LOW PRICES FOR CASH. PAPER HANGINGS. PHILADELPHIA ~.. PAPER I-lANGIN as. HOWELL da BOURKE, OOSTER OF FOURTH' AND MARKET STREETS, MANUFACTURERS OP PAPER HANGINGS AND' lIRTAIN 'PAPERS. . Offer to the trade a large d. elegant amortment of ride. tram the cheapest Br WU Stock to the finest N. E. CORNER POLFETH Ar -MARKET STREETS. M. B.—Solid Green, Blue, and Bair WINDOW PA PERS of every grade. selo-2m UIVI I BRELLAS. 1 * UMBRELLAS 1 UMBRELLAS 11 WM. A. DROWN 'd 00., NO. 246 MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA, Manufacturers of SUP.ERIOR UMBRELLAS. an22-21n ; CABINET FURNITURE. CABINET FURNITURE AND BIL LIARD TABLES. MOORE '&' CAMPION; No. 261 SOUTH SECOND STREET, In connection with their extensive Cabinet business, are now manufacturing a superior article of BILLIARD TABLES, and have now on hand a full suppli. finished with the MOORE & Os&PION'S IMPROVED CUSHIONS. Which' re pronounced by all who have need them to be . 11Il ea r ie t° 4 1 11Vfa. finish of these Tables the manu facturers refer to their numerous patrons throughont the Union, who are familiar with the character of their work. _ 868.6 m VOA%. Since my arrival here yesterday morning I have bad an opportunity of mingling freely with the peo• ple, and speaking with some of them on the great questions of the day in the early vernacular of this section, that most execrable of mongrel tongues, Pennsylvania Dutch. In a pleasant grove, nearly midway between this and the Limerick Bridge Station, on the Reading Railroad, in charge of that staunch and esteemed Republican, Hon. Benj. Frick, there was yester day held the annual Union celebration of all the Sunday. Schools in this region. Fourteen years ago this month 'I attended a similar gathering in the same grove ; then as an accidental spectator. Yester day, contrary to the maxim that "a prophet is not without honor save in his own country," I was, by invitation, the "orator of the day." The maxim is saved, however, by the fact that I am not a prophet. The meeting consisted of about equal proportions of men, women and children, numbering probably two hundred .each. The Rev. Mr. Sill, of the Lutheran Church, and Rev. Mr. Shenkle, of the German Re formed, assisted in, the exercises ; the latter having made an interesting and well•received introductory address to the children. Politica are at high tide. A large meeting of the friends of Gov. Curtin and the Union was held at the Trappe yesterday, ana another of about equal magnitude, by the sympathizers with treason, at Pottstown, to advocate the election of Judge Wood ward. It is not to be disguised that the politics of this particular district, which has always been Democratic atronghold, are exceedingly heterodox. Meetings of the K. d. C. are frequent, and bold in the utterance of their designs. The Norristown Register has been diffusing its Copperhead virus ever since the sacrifice of the lamented Douglas at the Charleston Convention, and this, unfortunately, is the sheet that mainly leads, or rather misleads, what was formerly the honest Democracy of Old Montgomery. True, among the reading and more intelligent members of the party, there are not a few who have the patriotism, and independence to. dis avow all obligations to a party that has become the ally of treason, and who will vote the full Republi can ticket on the second Tuesday in October, for the sake of the Union ; still, it will be by the most in cessant Efforts only of the friends of the Govern ment, between this and election day, that the ordi nary Democratic majority in this county can Ile ma terially reduced. GRAYBEARD. From the Washington Chronicle.) The Chicago Times -publishes the following as a genuine• letter from the late Hon. Stephen - A. Douglas. We have what we deem very strong, rea sons for pronouncing it a forgery, independent of the inherent probability of that statesman's penning such a document : . WASHINGTON" Juno 3 1860 Mr REAR SIR : Accept my thanks for your kind letter. While lam glad to have your testimony to the fidelity and energy with which our friend Val landigham acted at Charleston, I take pleasure in muting you that I never, for a moment,-doubted him. Whenever I know a man to be a gentleman, I alwaut regard his word as ,conclusive. Besides, I . have. oo= many evidences of General Vallandtg , ham's friendship for me to permit any, one to im peach his honorin my presence. It is an act of justice to say that several friends of mine, who had not been particularly friendly to him 'previous to the Charleatorionvention, came back his warm friends, and bore enthusiastic testimony to his noble bearing and efficient services. Itake plea sure in assuring you that all our news, especially from the south, is of the most cheering chara?.ter. Another effort will be made to break up the Conven tion but it will fail. • PATTERN SHIRT, lIIIIDERCZOTHING, , . With assurances of my grateful regards, I' am, yap truly, your friend, S. A. DOUGL - AS. To Ron. BRif M. sAmtrims, Dubuque, lowa. To the Editor' of The Press SIB: When the recent raid of the rebels was made, the capital of the State menaced, and Phila.. delphia threatened, ten regiments flew to arms in this city in a very short space of time. Among, those who responded in the hour of need were the following named conductors of the Germantown Passenger Railroad. Company: William IC Rush, car number 24; Benjamin F. Robinson, car num ber 30; JAMeli Boileau, car number 18. The first belonged to the 62d Regiment; the others, to, the Merchants , Regiment. These men were twitted their places on the,road Would be reserved for them. They have returned, having been honorably dis charged from the service of their country. On malting application to resume their old positions they were refused. - I all; sir, yours, truly, GERMANTOWN. PHILADBLPHIA, Sept. 26, 1863. To the Editor of The Press , Sin : Will you permit a constant reader of your paper to ask a place in its columns tor an appeal to, school directors on the subject of one session, for the coming winter, in the public schools l Many of the children are unable to attend when the weather is inclement, because their exposure must occur twice in the day; besides which, they do not g - ain, in the two sessions, more than half an hour in time of, at tendance at school. Another argument in favor of but one session le, that the children have not only more time for the acquisition of their lessons at home, but some opportunity for physical relaxation, so important to their health. On the other hand, having two - sessions, they are frequently obliged to encroach with their studies upon the hours they re-; quire for sleep, and consequently are prevented from rising early, fresh for their morning teak. I am, sir, respectfully yours, Parte., Sept. 27,1861. A hI.OrIiER. To the Editor of The Press Sin : A few years ago a writer in one:of our daily papers recommended the repeal of our city ordinances prohibiting persons to go on the grass plats in our public squares. If that writer is still living, he would do well to take a look at Independence Square in its present deplorable condition. The ordinance for its protection has not been repealed, but it has been violated• with impunity ever since the recruiting tents were placed upon the grass plats. The tents are gone, but the new footpaths which have de stroyed the grass are still there and are dilly grow• ing worse. • The police should make an example of some of the violators of the law. If this is too troublesome, there is no other remedy than to shut up the little gates on Filth and Sixth streets, and the two corner gates on Walnut street Very respectfully, yourr, D. W PIULADICLPHIA, Sept. 27, 1663. ' . - ,BLAOSIVOOD'S MAGAZINE.—Themost striking, 'es well as the moat lengthy article in the September number, is "The Battle of Gettysburg . and the gampaign of Pennsylvania," given as an "Extract from the Diary of an English Officer, at present with the Confederate Army. , ' It commences at Richmond on June 20, and ends at New York on July it, when the writer made himself safe on board the China, homeward bound. He gives a graphic but one.sided account of all that be saw, particu larly the battles on the ist, 2d, and 3d of July. He relates bow, after the battle on the last day, Gen. Lee said to Gen. Willcox, "Never mind, General, aillhis has been Tar fault; it is I that have lost this fight, and you must help me out of it in the best way you can.". Thiele very difthrent from the Richmond account, which impudently claimed a victory , for Lee. He also states that Lee's return to Virginia was " imperative, from want of ammunition." There is an admirable essay on the Pyramids—who built them, why s and when. The mechanical means employed in their construction are not touched upon. Sir E. L. Bulwer Lytton gives -a. further portion of his Caxtoniana, and 'Pam Oliphant con tinues her chronicles of Carlingford. There is also en article.on Jean Paul Richter. On sale at Me ber's,,South Third street. Miss BRKonorea NEW Nov.m..--" Eleanor's Victory," the last of Miss A. Braddon's very able sensation novels, has appeared, as ~ , an trated serial, in the English periodieal called Once a- Week. Harper Brothers,the, New- York pub lishers, have , anticipated "the trade " by bringing out this Story as No. 236 of their popular and well selected Library of. Select Novels; just as. T. B. Peterson lately brought , out hire.. Wood's "Squire Trevlsn's Heirs " before it was completed in:Eng land. "Eleanor's Victory," to.our taste, is.mueh superior to "Aurora Floyd" and to "Lady Anthers Secret." The scene sfnits from Paris. to London, thence to the country, back again to Paris, and finally in England again... The motif of the tale is a daughter's quest for the murderer. of her father, her discovery of the nan, and eventually, in that flush of success,'a kreater victory over her own strong passion. The book is rather powerful than sensational, and many of the characters are Well drawn. The book is publisluid. With: illustrations, and is on sale by T. B. Peterson & l3rothers, and also by T. B. Pugh, Chestout street. PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, SEPT. 29, 1863. 1.1 ~'~t TTJESDAY, SEPTEMBER 2D, 1863. Letter from " Graybeard.” Ludemorc, M.Ontgomery eo., Sept. 27, 1883. The golden daps are upon us—the ;season when, "Crowned with the sickle and the wheaten Owe. W 113113 Autumn; nodding o'er the yellow plain. Comes jovial on" a season rendered doubly beautiful to me on this mild afternoon, because I am. writing from "the home of my childhood." There is a degree of rude rusticity about the place that would probably be unattractive and commonplace to strangers, but to me it has a quiet, satisfying beauty to which the most gorgeous street and deviling edifice of the metropolis, are not to be compared. Children born and reared in the . city, in the lap of luxury, may be more precocious in acquiring the polish of fashionable society, but this can but poorly com pensate for the loss of that miniature paradise, country home. I never visit this dear old home stead; especially in autumn, without feeling that, in walking over its familiar fields, the sun is brighter and more genial than anywlmre else in this wide world. The sky wears a deeper benignity in its azure hue; the little brook where I used to catch minnows with a pin hook seems conscious of my presence, and " bah- Ides " of , my sweetest recollections ; and even the rustling of the leaves, still almost as green as in mid eummer, has to my ears a peculiar sound of " wel come !" The old trees, some of which have grown "bald with dry antiquity," stretch out their arms as I approach them, as if to greet me with a patri arch's blessing. The rough-walled.low-roofed rooms in the quaint old house, where nearly- five and thirty years ago I first beheld the light, seem unchanged in . their minutite, and, thank God, they still echo with familiar voices. A Letter of Douglas. A Peculiar Case, On 6 Session. Independence Square. THE MEXICAN QUESTION. Character of the French Programme. Marla correspondence of the London Post.) TEE ARCHDUKE'S ACCEPTASWE In the first place, the Archduke Maximilian of /instil& has agreed to accept the throne of IVlexico, Prance having deckled to respond to all the im portant demands of the Austrian Prince. TUE PP.P.NCH OCCUPATION Thus a French army, consisting of some twenty. five thousand men, will remain in alexia° until the sovereign shall have time to organize native ma terial for supporting the threne, maintaining order, and consolidating a respectable Government. After the Ist of January, 1804, the cost of this army corps will be supported and paid by the native Govern ment. France does not, and will not, bind herself to any permanent protectorate obligation ; but the pre. sense of a foreign force being absolutely necessary at first, France agrees with trio future sovereign to the above propositions. I should observe that these plans, however, are. not yet reduced to a formal con. vention, but appear to be agreed upon. THE HEX ICAN_ AND SPANISH CLAUS'S. Then comes the question of a loan. Nothing can be cone without money tin Southern America any orethan in any other part of the world. The Arch duke, therefore, agrees with France that a new Mexican loan shall be brought out under French pa tronage al Paris. It may be £20,000,000; the exact sum 'is not fixed. Several respectable French bank. era have alread3r °tiered to tale up large portions of the loan;, and a few English houses have joined them in there demands. The loan will be divided, when subscribed, into three portions. One will go to pay oil Enolith, French, end Spani,sis claims, which origi nated The Vzostilities; a second stun will' be dedicated to liquidating, -in tome measure, the cost of the French mili tary await - ion; whilst the remaining funds will be deposited in the public treasury at Mexico, in order to carry on the expenses of government. Such 170.2 agreed On here in late Cabinet councils. It "is' believed that when the wealth of Mexico is properly. .worked, the taxation which the.new loan must eventually impose on n financially poor nation will be easily .met. kOktCY ON ,31AXD.T.TLIAZ7 • The Austrian Archduke is inspired by all the pro gressive and intelligent genius of the age. Ile con templates erecting a wealthy and powerful empire. He insists on universal suftrape being resorted to, and this will be the first act of the existing authori ties. Meanwhile the French, towards carrying out the imperial scheme, are working away at organiza tion and completing a road from Vera Cruz to, the capital. The rest of the world can only wish theta and the Austrian Prince every success. England will then get her claims ; those interested in Mexi can sect:lilies will, I presume, find their property augmenting in value, and, with a respectable Government, a new continent of immense natural wealth will be opeu to the commerce of the world. That is the pleasing feature of the picture. THE AMERICAN VIEVi--THE JUAREZ GOVERNMENT. On the other hand, Americana still say that the idea of erecting an empire in Mexico is a political error, and will subject its authors to the inevitable hostility of the United States, and he a souree of constant peril for the sovereign who shall undertake the task of ruling so lawless and fanatical a people. Al all events, France having put her hand to The work, the Emperor is determined, I /earn, to go on. Even colon - lotions of great profit are made, and I find confidence decidedly prevailing in high quarters. Negotiations between the Emperor and the Archduke proceeded slowly ; but as Napoleon 111. is very anxious to carry out his scheme, difficulties soon disappear, and it is expected the universal suffrage applied, and the vote given (so easy to do in Mexico), the Archduke Maximilian will appear on the scene, surrounded by French troops and such of his subjects as prefer the fortune of the Austrian Prince , to ex-President ill. MT; who is negotiating with iVaskinyton for a very dif ferent programme, and, American Consuls say, with COUNTiSTG-THE COST - PARIS, Sunday, Sept. la, 1853. It is believed that the Minister of Finance, in hig forthcoming report, mill take credit for the fret yag. meal to be made by the Mexican Government towards the expense of the French expedilion. MEXICO AND SOUTDERN RECOGNCTION-M. DE MON- THOLON'S ADDRESS TO NAPOLEON - - - Paris (Sept. 7) Correspondence of the lioteeliafter,'of Vienna.) Amongst other projects, the recognition of the Confederate States hy France is still on the order of the day. The Emperor is personally most strongly in clined to take such a step. Nevertheless, some of the „Ministers, particularly M. de Morny, whose opinion has great weight with the Emperor, are op. posed to if. M. de Montholon, who was recalled to France expressly to be consulted on the Mexican question, declares himself decidedly in favor of the recognition of the Souther:a:States. This diplomatist expressed himself as follows to the Emperor If, sire, you wish to create a permanent Govern ment in lilexico, you must obtain some firm point d'appui, and this the Southern States-can alone at fold you. You must run the hazard of a war with the NortlimM States, which, however, the Northerners - will endeavor to avoid. But if you will not recognize the Southern States, you may renounce the idea of founding a throne in Mexico, and give up the con quered kingdom to the Federal States on, favorable con ditions. Mexico will rejoice in republican liberty under-the Sag: of the United. States. You, then, We, will have the glory of having accomplished the mirsion of civilization in both hemispheres,' and given a brilliant example of your disinterestedness. ' but a new and durable kingdom you will not hove created. The Parts correspondent of the London relegraph, writing on the 13th instant, says : • All eyes are turned towards Biarritz, from which place, by letter or :telegram, we shall learn occa sionally during the next- fortnight what the master spirit of France is meditating; but it is very likely that the Emperor himself is more intent on having • a little rest than on the future of Poland or Mexico, the anger of St. P.eteraburg or the cunning of Vien na ; and So we shall' remain unenlightened till the Court Of Biatrits breaks "u, very shortly , after which the Paris willseason. begin, and then the stream of life, political and social, will rim in its usual course. Senator Wilson on the. Draft. The author of the Conscription 13ill lately de• livered an important and eloquent speech in Maine, from which we extract : Never in the darkest hours of the country did the duty of raising forces for the public security press upon. Congress with more solemn earnestness, and Congress addressed itself to the solution of the ques tion with an earnest desire to meet the needs of the military service. Military men of experience, of rare intelligence, were consulted and their aid in voked. Atter much deliberation the act - for enrolling and calling out the national forcea," was reported, received the sanction of Con. arena and is the law of the land. This act secures to the Government the physical power of the country, under clearly defined, uniform and equal laws. By • drafting for three years, and placing the drafted men in the old regiments, power and economy were se cured, and comfort, health and life promoted. Om bemired thoueand men for three years equals four hundred thousand for nine months. Putting them in old veteran regiments adds at least three-fold to their power, and at half the expense ; and the pres sure upon the productive industry of the country, and upon the people, is immeasurably lessened. By placing the drafted men in the old regiments that have learned how to march, camp, cook, sleep, fight, health was aecured, and life made safer. Having secured in this act, as compared with the old militia :laws, uniformity, equality, force, economy, comfort, health, add lite ; having reamed the act so as to bear as lightly as mumble upon the industries and soda' life of the people, Congress de sired to relieve the toiling dependent poor and to make national and State officiate and the favored and fortunate bear their share of the burdena of en forced military service. By the national and State militia laws, State aml national offisials, members' of Congress, custom-house officers, postmasters, clexko, judges, ministers of the Gospel, and the fa vored and fortunate, were exempted from mili tary duty. The national and State militia laws discriminated against the poor and in favor of the rich. This law, so falsely and fiercely denounced, discriminates against the rich - and in faVor of the poor. Members of Congress, custom-house officers, postmasters and their clerks, ministers, na tional and State officials (excepting the Vice presi dent), the Cabinet, Judges of the Supreme Court of the United Stater s and the Governors-of the States, are now enrolled and must light, or get a substitute, or pay the commutation of $3OO. While this law requires the favored, the fortunate, the rich, to bear its burdens, it tenderly spares the poor. Never was a military law enacted in America so careful of the dependent poor. In this world, of inequality no legislation can lift from the toiling masses the burdens that too often press too heavily upon them, but this 'law, so bitterly assailed, seeks to relieve the -inequalities of life. This denounced enrolment-act exempts of the poor the only son of the widow dependent on his labor; the only son of aged or infirm parents dependent on his, Tabor; one of the two or more sons of such parents ; the only brother of orphan children not twelve years'old dependent on his labor; the father of motherless children undertwelve years of age de pendent on his labor. Under these humane provi sions, tens of;housands of the toiling, dependent poor are relieved from the burdeila of enforced mili tary duty. Congress wisely exempted, as an act of humanil y, young men between eighteen and twenty. Thousands of 'immature young men have broken down under the severe duties of the service, and sank into the hospitals, or into prematuregraven. Many of the young men of this tender age are fitted for the army, and 'mould enter its service; but as a class it would hare been cruel to have forced them into the army, and Congress in this, as in other portions of the la w,'followed the prom/dings of humaatty. But the commutation provision of $3OO is de nounced as a discrimination against the poor in fa vor of the rich. He who utters this sentiment 'a eons reason and outrages decency. The man who helievea it is mentally contemptible. The man who utters it in " the ear of the;people proclaim an illogical absurdity. No man was ever forced into the army rby this three hundred dollar commu• tation provision, or ever will be, or ever can be. It has not, it will not, it cannot force one man into the service of the United States. It is a provision of exemption, not of compulsion. No man is held by;it,tene of thousanda are relieved by it. It , wee made for - the sole benefit of the poor, of the small farmers, mechanics, and laboring men. It disetiminates in their favor, and will and must chum. The National anti State laws required the service of the person drafted or an acceptable aubstuate. This law, -as originally drawn, required the ser vice of, the person drafted or an acceptable substi tute within ten days. It was believed that the pres sure would be so great for substitutes that the priee wculd go up to. ten or fifteen hundred dollara—np beyond the ability of small farmers, mechanica, and laboring men to pay. To keep the price of substi tutes within reasonable limits, to enable men of small means to obtain substitutes,i or relieve them selves from the draft if their circumstances require their releate, this commutation provision was put in the act. It has operated precisely as it was ex pected to operate. 'lt has kept down the pride of substitutes. It holds no man, who would not be held were it not in the law, but it has ,relieved, and will relieve, thousands, who would be held were it not in the law. The practical operation:of the law demonstrateer what reason clearly saw before, that the Government lelica by it, and the drafted men gain bydt ; that it is the poor manta prevision. The demagogue, with deceitful speech, may continue a little longer' to misrepresent and malign it; Igno rance .may continue, with flippant tongue, to de nounce it; but no honest and well-informed poor man in America would vote to erase it from the law- No, nut ,one ; not one. .:.Tan London Post, a Government organ, says there is no satisfactory evidence forthcoming to show that the ram shins in the Mersey were built or destined for the Confederacy. The 'London Times announces that, pending further inquiry, and until fresh instructions are givenfthey *Blunt be allowed to leave port. -- Admiral Farragut attended a clambake of the Manhattan Club of New York, on Saturday, at the Manhattan Cove. Generals Meardter and Spi- Lola, and lion.. James T. Brady, were present. The Admiral was received with great enthusiasm, and in a speechthanked his guests reran entertainment entire/y novel, and one of the most agreeable days he had ever spent. • —.The Pittsburg Commercial affirm that General McClellan, speaking of Peunsylvania politics, ex. pressed. himself anxious for the reelection of Go. vernor Curtin, and thatig in the Stift, he shOuld speak and vote for him. --,George Sumner, brother of the Senator, le - on his 'death bed at Boston. His death will be a Ikeavy Ines to the world of letters. Asa scholar, thinker and wilier. he Am long held a high place, , THE CANVASS FOR GOVERNOR. A WAR DEMOCRAT ON THE WAR, GnEAT SPEEMI OP ITTIANCiS Why Ile Lett 'a Disloyal Newspaper, and Mow the Invasion of the State Matte Its Associations Intolerable. UNION DEIIIONSTiIIiTIONS IN PHILADETPIIIA, The Meeting hi Me• Academy of Music.- THE WAR DEMOCRATS OF THE FIRST WARD, B:c.; &c. The announcement that Mr. PraneiS J. Grund, of this city, formerly principal editor. and one of the owners of The Age newspaper, of this city, had an nounced his determination to support the re-election of Governor Curtin, and would give his reasons in a public address, attracted a large audience to the Union League rooms last evening. The grenade adjoining the house were arranged with chairs and extemporized into a hall, and the night being ex tremely beautiful and clear, the efFeet was quite pleasant and unique. ND. Grund made his cpeeoh from a temporary platform erected in the southern end of the hall, About eight; iecabck the meeting was called to order by'James C. Hand, Esq., who introduced Mr. Grund to the audience. The orator was received with loud applause, and after it had subsided he said If you have come here to listen to an eloquent eiscouree, you will be grievously disappointed. I am not possessed of the power of oratory, and can only Show my good sense by conflaing myself to the use of plain language, and by sticking eioseirto my text. lam a war Democrat. I have been a war De mocrat-from the hour the rebels attacked Fort Sumpter, and I shall continue a war Democrat as long as there is a rebel in arms against the lawful Government of the Union. When the rebellion first broke out, I was United States Conant in Havre, France, and, without having as yet received any in structions from the State Department in Washing ton, thought it my duty to refuse clearances for Southern ports, and to administer to all American captains who desired to clear for any port whatever, the oath of allegiance to the Government and flag of the Union. However glad I might have been to see the differences between the North and the South set tled by some honorable compromise—honorable to both, parties—l felt that, after the first blow had been struck by the South, the North had no choice but to appeal to the arbitrament of the sword. These were the feelings which accompanied me on - my return home, and which I have cherished ever since. I was sorry ior what had occurred. -I foresaw the ruin of the Soutb, if she peratated in her attitude of hostility to the North, and in her rebellion against this Goverement. But her political leaders had run mad, and the great mass of the Southern people, se custoroed, as they are, blindly to follow their lea ders, without 'thinking or reasoning for themselves, had become thoroughly convinced, by thirty years of hard political preaching, that they were not only a distinct race, superior to the people of the North, but that, by separating from the inferior race, they could at once be launched on a career of- power and greatness far exceeding the dreams and speculations of our old-fashioned statesmen. The old axiom' taught in the Yankee schools, that the whole -ia 'greater than any of its parts, and that the part ie etc melee-11y smaller than the whole, was so far modi fied by the Southern imaginative mind, as to make the Southern part of the Union not only greater; and more powerful, than the Northern part, but greater than the whole Union, which was diminished and curtailed of its fair pre portions by the fatal introduction of the free States. Their political economists had taught them that the North robbed them of forty bales of cotton out of every hundred they brought to mar ket ; and what was more natural for them than to believe that a separation from the North would re store these forty bales out of each hundred to their lawful owners increasing to that extent the wealth and prosperity of the cotton States And they were encouraged in all these absurd notions by scheming politiciana in the North, who, feigning to yield a ready assent to these exaggerations, sousht to ob tain their suffrages for seinsh and ambitious de- When, in 1850, after a pause of twenty years, the old nullification doctrine of Mr. Calhoun was re vived and dressed up in thn new garb of Secession, there were numerous PxModential aspirants in the North bidding for Southern support. Case, Bu chanan, Pierce, and a hoot of others were anxious to expi ens their sympathies with the South, the ad vanced age of Mr. Calhoun rendering it almost cer tain that he himself would not he a candidate. Cass would not go further than his Nicholson letter, in which he avowed the doctrine of non-intervention, subsequently adopted by Clay and Webster. Buchan an offered the cornpromiseline of 3S° 30' to the Pacific, while l'ierce, the smallest of the three, by the promises he made, personally and through his friends, actually beat both Cass and Buchanan out of the field. Had Gen. Cass been nominated and elected in 1852, he would, in a , 1 probability, have been able to keep his promise to the South, and to maintain the doctrine of non-mtetvon- Hon as a lair compromise between the two sections. Bat Mi. Buchanan, after the passage of the compromise measures, could no longer hone for the adoption of the Miss. net tine; while Pierce, after his election to the Preei dencY. could only show the sincerity of his attaMmeitt to the Fire-eaters of the South by taking the defeated treason-plotter, Jefferson Davis, into hie Cabinet, and os tiacising the leaci inn Union meteliorth and. South, without whose active co-operation he would have remained 'a broken-down, obscure politician;in New Hampshire. Jeff Davis received a worthy coadjutor in the i offinitesi ma Disunionist, Dobbin. of _berth Carolina, who was made Secretary of the Navy (Jeff Da via never brooked a man of decided talent by his side); and thus two of the meet important branches of the Government were handed over to men whose hostility to the Union had become a matter of record. and who,: in the position in which they were placed, were furnished the means of =ape] ieg with and corrupting the officers of our army aim navy. - The minciplEs, forming the very hash; of the doctrine of seceseion. had been openly avowed by Jeff Davis on the boor of the 'United States Senate. In his speech, de• .llAered in that body on the 3lst Judy, 1810, he said : " I well remember, upon another occasion. when one ' State stood arrayed against the power of the Federal " Government, in the well-known nullification contest, what was the feeling of the army, Though unwilling " to refer to myself, yet. as connected with it, 'I w.ll say "that I was then an officer of the United States army. "and looked forward to the probability ot being "ordered to Charleston in the event of actual coin ' sion. Then, sir, much as I valued my commission, "much as I desired to remain in the army, and diSaP, "proving as I did of the remedy resorted to, that com " mission would have been torn to tatters before it " 'would have been used in civil war with the State of South Carolina." Having been ready himself to tear his commission to tatters before he would have, used it in civil 'war against a rebellious State, nothing sloe could be expected of him, while Secretary of. War; than that he should bold up his own example to the officers of our army, as a model for imitation, - should the occasion call for a similar sacrifice - of honor and position. How skilfully he insinuated this doctrine of bastard State patriotism into the officers of our army has been shown by the number of resigna tions which followed the attack on Fort Sampler, and the promptness with which the rebel army was thus supplied with able and experienced leaders. And what had been Jeff Davis' reply rebuked orious old patriot, Henry Clay. when the latter Rhett and Ben:riven with their disunion sentiments? I wilt refresh your memory with the identical words as printed in the Con greseona I Wolfe, Ist session, 31st Congress, Let ins first quote the words of Mr. Clay: "Mr. President," said the glorious old Kentuckian. "I " said nothing. with respect to the character of err. . " /hell, for I might as well name him. knew him 'Personally. and have some respect for him. But it' he "pronounced the sentiments' attributed to him of rat ''sing the standard , of disunion and of resistance to the "common Government, whatever he has been, if he "follows up that declaration by corresponding overt "acts, he will be a traitor. and I hope he will meet the " fate of atr aitor. " (Here Mr. Clay was interrupted by great applause in the gallery, which was with diffi culty suppressed by the chair.) • Mr. Clay continued: "Mr. President, I bave heard with pain and regret a con " llrmatlonef the remark I made,that the sentiment oldie ' union is becoming familiar. 1 hope it is confined to Smith " Carolina Ido not regard as -my duty what the Sena " for seems to regard as his. If _Kentucky to-morrow " unfurls the banner of resistance unjustly, I never will - "fight under that banner. I owe a paramount ;Mogi " anon to the whole. Union—a subordinate one to my " own State. When my State is right, when it has a " cause for resistance, when tyranny. and wrong, and oppression insufferable seise, I will then share her "fortunes; but if she summons me to the battle-field, " or to support her in any cause which is unjust to the " Union; never, never wit I engage with her in such a " cause." It seems, from the late election returns of "Couture's', that these sentiments of harry Clay are still shared be an immense majority of his countrymen in that noble and patriotic, old State.' and now let me give you the reply of Jeff. Davis • ` I am not one of those," said the treason-plotter of Micsissippi. in his speech of 3let July. 1810, •who are likely to be excited b 3 threats of civil war. I believe " it a phantom of politicians." The South did net knew tne North then; it scarce ly knows the North now. Northern politicians who courted favors With Southern men, Northern ftePi rants to the. Presidency, who wanted Southern votes, careffillY concealed from the South tile true elate of pub lic feeling in the. Northern States, and thus she South was led into the erroneous belief that the North would never attempt to coerce them, should they conclude to raise the standard of disunion. To this extent the De mocratic leaders- in the North, from more selfishness. have been Hiders and abettors of the rebellion. though I am willing to believe that some o them did nor know then what they were doing. Jeff Davis was evidently one of those deluded men who wee thus made to believe that the North would never fight, and he must now hate act deeptue those Northern Democrats whom he itemises of deception) and lying, For he said, in the same speech. from which I hare quoted, 'when speaking of the means of coercing the Smith: • Where will yon go for volunteers to engage in-this " fratern a 1 strife ? Is it you, or you. who will enlist in ''.Eucka war? or who is it? In what State, or county, ' or town,• or r eighborhood, you go to for recruits? " Yon m nest raise a foreign army ; you mast have a Swiss " guard, when yen attempt with sword. and bayonet to enforce your-laws on the citizens of the United States. "The freeborn - soldiers of our own country would die , "dain the task, for they have grown from the 'cradle with the conviction that this is a confederacy of broth " ran, which-rests for its authority on the consent. and " for its support upon the onion and harmony and good "'will of its mbers.ideThis The.= can never ho pre " served by force." Did not Mr, Pierce. in this choice of Jeff Davis, have a true States-right patiiot, and a far sighted statesman for a secretary of war ? The very man who, of all 3 other Southern patriots, was - lest qualified to preside hater the War Department. Jeff Davis, on that occasion. and on many others. was crammed-ecrammed by Northern D, Jimmie politicians, crammed by North ern Democratic aspirants to the Presidency. . Some of there Northern Democrats never dreamed of keeping their promises to the South; some of them knew they were unable to fulfil them, and some of them, no doubt, were foolish enough to believe that they-would never be called upon to make them good. This is the way ihe rebellion was gradually prepared fold matured, and whether Mr. Lincoln or . any e one else were, elected President In 1160—a Republican or an un yielding Dernocrat-ethe drama which had been re- . liearsed so long was bound te be performed, though the actors 'were most grieVonsly disappointed in the hatlientee, g'Sre elements there were in the South. ewepole t bringing about too fatal crisis In which we are now involved : self. exa veers tion of. their own power, and abject contempt for the North, .its industry.' ite carabilities, its devotion to the national cause, and its eubstantial valor. The Checks and Romans called every other nation barbarians, and-boldly marched to the conquest of the world; but the people of the South looked upon their own brethren of the North, upon the 'men descended from the , same parent stork, as barba rians, simply because they have no ; other human". race under them to prop up their superiority. In sdnport of what I hero state, let me quote the language of Judge Tucker, a law professor in thes University .of Virginia. and a gentleman belonging to ono of the oldest families In - that ancient commonwealth, used at the Nashville Con ventien, the forerunner of the M'entrromery Congress. " The man of Ohio." said the learned judge. " has notrody below him but his hog, He cannot make the " bog a,gentleman, and 1 .need not say how the dead weight of the hog operates' to. dreg - down the coia ''Panion to his level ." VI, - 'Phis is profound reamning, quite worthy of a law I professor in 'Virginia. The Southern man has the negro below him, 'while the man in Ohio has nothing below him, but his hog: erpa 1, the Southern'man le as =whence- - rior•to the Northern man "as the negro is to the hog. A Daniel come to judgment-a second Daniel! For if this. /earned Judge Tucker is not the ieentical Old o lash Tucker," renowned in song and story, he must be` one bf his near relatives: "Tut there is, the Queen City, ee they call it," con tinued the learned Jed ge; in his speech at the Nashville Convention, showing like a jewel on an Ethirop's ear. I went ashore there, the other day, air, and verily I " shonld have thought that, like the queen of the House ".of Breeswiek, she had been imported from Germany: "for the young prince's in the streets talked hard ty,e ny. " langnage hitt the German. And therm are the men "Whose suffrages ate--to give` laws to as; - whose , "fathers rescued the tomtit/3 , 'from the domination of a "Merman prince on the Bhglish throne. I speak harshly, " air, / know it. I want to do so. i speak ao it be . THREE CENTS. " comes every Man to speak of the enemies of his conn " try; for I speak of those who here long waged a, ars " tematic planetary and cowardly war aga i nst vie " ginia, env chuntres. But enough of Ohio. There let " her lie—a foul cesepool—at one time green and stag " nant, at another stirred up from the bottom by the " strifes of the reptiles that straggle in its mud, and " tainting the moral atmosphere with its stench" With such sentiments, expressed by the prominent men of the South, what could be more natural fir them than to consider themselves an overmatch for the " co in paniona of the hoes " and tho barbarians front the land of Schiller and Goethe ? Self-exaggeration is the na tural consequence of the depreciation of others, and one of the most pernicious results of slavery in its reaction on the masters. Have We not, in 1550, heard Southern men, Senators and membeis of Congress, talk of block ading the mouth of the Mississippi? Did -they not threaten to conquer California with the view of melting it a slave State ? Why, the whole South. es far back as 1810, was 4e/fling with war-like sentiments against the North. and it was with the greatest difficulty that the Union men of that sectlor, who foresaw the danger 'which threatened their property and the institntion of slavery, could then prevail against the mad passions for 'secession and renown, mein]] y kindled and inflamed by the bad and ambitious men who are now leading the rebellion. I do net like to detain you with long extracts from the speeches of the leading disunionlets of them days, hut our people are so apt to forgot the lessons of the paet, and those lessons are so useful in their application to the present and future state of the country, that even at tee risk of being tedious. I cannot forbear cursorily to allude to some of them, as illustrative of the situation then and now. I shall be ae brief as possible. - Calhoun, though the originator. or rather the ex pounder of the nullification, doctrine (for it did not Sri-. ghate with him) sometimes threatened, bet was never willing to carry out his doctrines by force. Ile was a compromise man in 1850 as in 18130, holding up disunion and nullilicatien in terrorem to his opponents in the North, as a means of °omitting favorable terms, and, perhaps, power. In hits spe ch of March 4th. MO, whieli was read in the Senate by Mr. Mason (Mr. Calhoun heir g then too weak to deliver it), he depicted in lively colors the injuetice which. in his opinion, was done to the South. But he din not threaten the North; lie Merely hinted that it the questions which Witted the two great sections of the country were not definitely settled dis union or subjugation would 'be the ultinente conte quence. ' is a great mistake," said Mr. Calhoun, '" to imp ' pose that disunion can be effected by a single blow. " The chords which bind these. States together in one "common Union are far too nnmerons and powerful for "that. Disunion must be the work of time It is only •• through a - long process, and successively, that the "chords,can be snapped, until the whole fabric fails - - And, in the Fame speech, When speaking of the man ner in which the Union may be eared, he said: Can this be done ? Yes. easily. Ifot'by the weaker " party, feran, of itself, do nothing—not even pro " Sect itself ; but by the stronger. The North has Gale " to will it, to accomplish it; to do justice by conceding •to the South an equal right in the acquired territory; "and to do her drily by causing the stipulations rein " live to the fugitive *levee to be faithfally fulfilled; to "cease the agit:ition of the slave question, and to pro vide for the lneertion of a provision in the Con: titn " flee , . by - an amendment, which will restore to the " nth in substance the power she possessed of protect ing herself. before the equilibrium between - the see " lions was destroyed by tee action of this Government. "There will be no difficulty in devising such - a provi "sion; one that will protect the South, and which, at "the seine time, will improve and strengthen the Go " eernment instead of impairing and weakening it." What hfr. Calhoun wanted was a veto pewee for the Southern States. to set aside such laws of Con gress as the South might deem injurious to - her own particular intereets. He hoped to obtain such a concession from the North, disposed as the North then was to quiet the agitation. by comptomiee. 'When. on the following day (March Mk, 1810,) Mr. Henry S Foote expressed his diesent from some of the views of the great Southern leader, Calhoun, with great vehemence and indignation, asked: " Did he (Foote) ' • access me of di8212d071 Did be mean- to insinuate "that?" And, in. the course of explanation, he said : " If .I am judged by my acts. I trust I shall ba found to " be as firm a friend of the Union as any man within it." Mr. Calhoun, no doubt, appreeiated the strength of the North. and the weakness of the South; and it cer tainly never was his purpose to provoke a collision that must have proved fatal to all his aspirations and helm and, in his reply to General Cass, on _the 13th of-March following, Mr. Calhoun again disavowed all thoughts of DiFll2 ion He expressly stated, in regard to the amend ment to the Constitution which he considered between to the restoration of harmony and good feeling the sections: "1 must say there has been a stron disposition "manifested on the part of the honorable Senator "(air ease) -to nileconetrne my expressions, and " plain expressions they are. The Senator Faye I asserted "that a dissolution of the Union would follow "the admiseiou of Calif:smile. I aid not assert " that 1 st, ted that it ought Ito be considered a " test question; but I leave it to my constituents to de " termine what course they will take. Let the gentle man give the words 1 - used, and I will stand by them; "hot he must not expect me to bo responsible for his in " terpretation of them. Well, in regard to the word " I did not intend to be understood as asserting ' that the amendment to the Consiitution meet be made instanter, but that an indication should be given now "that ouch amendment wculd be agreed to, and let it " then be carried through the ordinary process." These demands of 111 r. Calhoun appear reasonable in comparison with those which are made by his Southern followers since his death. It has bean justly remarked by a profound historian that the greatest founders of sys tems and theories usually have the smallest disciples, and this has been especially proven by the disciples of ter. Calhoun, not one of whom has established a rope - tatton asp profound thinker or logical reasoner. Mr. Calhoun comp.ained of this during his lifetime, hut in vain. Alley the death of the crest master, which oc culted on the ;wet of March, 1510, there ves no South ern mind, " clear, riving and quick," as Mr. Web ster de, cribed the mina of Mr. Calhoun, to carry oat his views With the tact and forecast of a statesman. Dieu niee, which he old its terror•em over the North, as' an u Itien,te coat:Nue:nee., was now preened as a princi ple of oaten ono defiance at once hurled at the North ern btates. and the men - who tried to save the Union by compromise. Jeff Davis became the acknowledged lea der-of the South, not because lie inherited the- states manship of the great Southron, but because he had lima wounded in the heel, (not as Achilles was, who diectin consequence: Providence reserving him. Probably, for another death), andhad thus given evidence o that de termination which is willing to act, without considering consequences. 'Dispirited by the gallantry of the Colo- : nel of that famous Mississippi regiment, which, W 8 were told, lied done all the fighting at the battle of Buena " Vi ta, the members from Smite Carolina commenced the attack on the North in the House of Representatives. On the Sib of. April, only nine days after the death of Mr. Calhoun, Mr. Wallace, of South Carolina, concluded a disunion speech in the following language of defiance: " The destiny of the people of the - South. is in their " own hands. To make that destiny glorioue they bave '' but to will it, (Calhoun had said, the South coilld not even protect itself), '•aed do their duty. It is for, the " North, and not the South, to tremble at the prospect " before us, I etand here with the Constitution in my "bane, unappelled by the threats and. denunciations "which are Sally fulminated here. All causes too plain "ly that these are idle bravadoes. desigaed to frighten "us into subraiseion To these bravadoes I respond `' only in terms of scorn and defiance. We ask that jus tice which the Constitution guaranties to us. If this "be denied, then, without conning the cost, or looking "to consequences, I (Mt is fervor resistanee to your ' • tyrarmy, at every hazard and to the last extremity. "The - people of the South know their duty, and wilt do "it." hlr. Colcock, another influential member of the Troupe from South Carolina, foreshadowed disunion in a similar manner, The thunder of his speech terminated as fol lows : ne, I repudiate and reje shouldthe Compromble) "Weak already, I feel that we become weaker. "If the Constitution cannot protect us, no compromise "can. If it be true that 'the world is in arras' against " ue, then now is the time above all others, when we " should be firm, united, and resolved. Ito people had "a higher dnty to perform than we have. I know our "adversaries calculate upon our • divisions, but they "are deceived. An inexorable law binds us togs then, and " ho wever we may differfor a time on queetioue of minor "importance, we most be united on the ultimate gees " turn of self-preservation. We never will consent that "this Government shall destroy our property, and de "grade us from our equality. Come what may, we 'milt resist this pretension, whatever form It may as " tome. If you are resolved to make this a question of "subjugation or separation, we well not hesitate which " to choose; and if our Union shall ho dissolved, upon '' you; note pon us, must feat tho reeponaibility. ?' answereff Davis remained ahead of all of them. In to Henry S. Foote, who repreeeeted the people of MissiesiPPi as loyal to the Union;' he said (June 27th. 1850): "My colleague has truly represented the people of dits "slesippi as ardently attached to the Union. I think he "has not gone beyond the truth when he has placed "Illissiesippi one oftthe first, if not the first, of the States "of the Confederation in attachment to it. But, sir, "even that deep a tmehment and habitual eavereneefor " the Union, common to us all, even flint it may be come necessary to try by the tanchatone of rea son. It Is not impossible that they should tin " furl the nag of disunion. It is not impossible " that violations of the Constitution and of their rights "should drive them to that dread extremity. I feel "well assured that they will never reach it until it has "been twice' and three times Justified. If. when thus "folly warranted, they want a atuadard-bearer, in, " tilt ofabetter. lam at their eoniniand. If this was not offering himself as the leader of the Southern rebellion what language could he have em ployed to express his readiness to direct the destiny of the conteratlated Southern Confederacy? Thus far had the doctrine of resistance to the lawful Government of the United States already progressed is less than tone months after the death of Mr. Calhoun! It seems that the gallant Colonel, who thus modestly offered himself as chief of the rebellion, was as much mistaken in his appteciatiou of the character and sentiments of oar Northern people as he was in regard to the 'European Powers which were to take up his quarrel, and Inter- Poen in favor of Southernindependemee. Whatever mili tary ardor he may have exhibited, his calculations were certainly not those of a statesman. Calhoun had said that disunion could only be the work of time; Jeff Davis attempted to force it at once, and to him must now ap ply the words of Henry Clay, in regard to Mr. Rhett, which I have quoted. When Mr. Meson, the present envoy' of the pseudo Southern Confederacy, inquired of Mr. Clay whether he meant that " resistance, made under the authority of a Slate is no farther to be respected by the authorities of the United States titan if it were made by a body of individuals on their own score," Mr. Clay .promptly answered No further ; none whatever. These aro the words printed inlthe Congressional Clam, vol. midi. part it, page 1,481: " And in respect to my country." said Mr. Clay. " the " honorable Senator speaks of Virginia beieg my corm " try. This Union is nip coularry; the. thirty States' " are my country. Kentucky is my country, and Vir " Kiel& no more than any other of the States of this " Union. She has created, on my part, obligations, and • • feeling!, and duties toward her in my private charae • • ter which nothing upon earth could led nce me to for " felt or violate. But even If it were my own State — if " my own State, lawlessly, contrary to her duty. should " raise the standard of disunion against the residue of • the union, I would go against her. I would go against " Kentucky 'herself, much as I love her." In flaerant contrast with this patriotic declaration of Mr. Clay Is the definition of State allegiance given by Jeff Davis in the debate on the protest against admitting California, on the lath of August. 1850: " 1 repeat." said be. " what I have often said. that I " do not attempt to infitlellee the opinions of those whom " 1 rotor ent. acs seek to know and reflect them. lf it "be a crime to nowledge allegiance to my State as "superfor to that I owe the General Government, it le "one which it will not be found difficult to establish ; "but which, while the Government remains the agent "of the States, whilst the States themselves shall con " Untie, it will be lmpoietble to any great extent ever to `punish. And if the attempt shall be made, then, air, "disunion and dieunionists will be seen in their tree "colors, Then the act which destroys the confederacy "'Fill have been perpetrated." I need not multiply these extracts to show that there Vas a settled purpose, on the part of the Southern con spirators. to break up and destroy this Government, and that they were de ermined to be dissatisfied. and to pur sue their disunion schemes no matter what compromise was offered them by the Union en`of the coantry. They soy ght the opportunity for treason and reeellion, in whatever language of humility they , clothed their wretchedly ambitious designs. While Jeff Davis inade an ostentation', display of his allegiance to' the State of Iliesieeippi, and to the South generally pretending to be led and not to lead, be was openly offering himself ee the champion of the broodingeebellion; though, when he found that the fruit was not yet ripe, he cunningly abndck ad a o n u d t o n o e f d th ha tmeld t f o o rGon Qnitmr .n, i whO s i wa i s beaten for hire. The efforts of the Dlsunionists in Congress received a Powerful aid from the Nashville Convention, whose lue.mbers,pretat dc d to speak for the Whole South and to dictate to Southern Fenators and Representatives in Con areas the coerce they were to pursue, and what conces -BiOMB from the North they were to insist upon as a. condi tion of their remaining in the Union. The members of that Convention did not employ the hypocritical huff. kliegs of Jeff Davie, that they merely carried oat the Will of their constituents." They boldly set themselves up as the masters of the people, as the men who were to instruct, direct, and dispose of the people as became their superior wisdom and high social elevation. At Nashville the Disnnionista were at home, among their friends and supporters, and they could speak and act without being encumbered with the presence of North ern men, Hear what ex-Governor Hammond said on that occasion : gtMdcie:al has been said as to what they Came here for. They were not here to trail in the rear or public "sentiment; they were the leaders of the South—the ," appointed leadors—noi to hunt up publio opinion at "grog-shops, courts, mills, &c ; but to act, and act "enseaders. They h been sent here with a gener confidence, and the high duty was deyolved upon them to point the way . -to lead the peciple to the way • of equality and independence."' Can any one, after this open declaration of sen , Gal a man as ex-Governor Hammond, ofSouth Co,Carolina doubt that the rebellion was planned then, .and that the election of Abraham ,Lincoln ten yeara later had no wore to do with it than the man in the moon ?° elec tion merely tarnished them the long-sought-for occasion —the shallow nretext for carrying out a well-matured design: The same gentleman (b/r. Hammond) expressed the true relations between the large slave-owners and the ordinary white people of - the South ,• in another por tion of his speech: • ' • ' "A good deal has been said, ' , observed Ur. Hammond, about what their constituents had sent them here to do. * * * They were sent here to propose and die . cuss any measure they thought proper—any measure "bearing on the rights of the Southernople. They were the leaders, the appointed le pe aders "of the South. They were not sent here to " bunt up at barbecues and court houses what were " the opinions of this, or that man, to ,adont them , " They were sent up here to make up their minds as to " what is to be done by the South, that they might' go " home to their constituents and tell them what is to be " done: The people'ore to do whatever see command them. They sent ns here as leadere. to. point them to ' the-way of freedom and equality.."li.4.:ylk This is the way in which the great' 'Mass of the loyal . people of the South were systematically tedneetl4rona their allegience to the Union, and PrepaiM fora rise against tne lawful Government of the United States. %hey wire drat pergutf,l24, and ieciarli. then arim, Ir3MILMI 11D17,4861X .I=l.lFLX,EUfflit autumn WIDIKLY. I Tun Wes Paris will be seat to sabgeriberi by mail (per annum in advance) at ........ "44...488 OW Three copies " $B4 rya copies " " 8 018 Ton copies "' • ••« ......... «18 Lanier Clubs than Tea will b* shamod at the nuni rate, 81.51) per copy. The money must always accompany the order, awe in no instance can these terms be dertatedfrom, as thea Afford eery little' more than the cost of thepaper. Xer•rostmasters are requested to set u Amite tag Tits was. Puma. Mr• To the getter-up of the Club of ten or Mat?. IS extra copy of the Paper will be erea • - commanded, and dragooned into rebellion by their astute leaders. 'who were in turn the dupes of their own passions and their insatiable criminal ambition. Now I do not mean to say that the election of a Democratiat President in 1560 would not have poetponed haverbelion, Mr a Democratic l'resident would been obliged to keep many of the conspirators in °titre, and to almoint others who might have used their position as a means of spreading anti fortifying their doctrines but to say that thereby peace and harmony would. e e have been permanently secured, is a gross libel on the human nederstanding. Nor would the breaking out of the rebellion have been postponed for a long time. The South felt that the North was advancing in population, wealth and power, with such rapid strides that the South had no chance to keep pace with it; and that the longer the blow was delayed, the lest hope was there for the conspirators to strike it with ef fect. Long before eir. Lincoln's name was thought of for the Presidency, Southern men in Washington de clared. to their Nort hern friends, that they did not care whom the North nominated for President; teat the South was bound to have a candidate of her own, and. that they would either have him for President or none at all. They .might have compromised, by way of ex treme ccnceeslon, on en ulna, pro-stavere candidate from the North, if they could have found him; but this would only have been for the purpose of using him for the advanteraent of their own cause, and not with a view of cementing and perpetuating the Union. Mr. Lincoln found the situation made for him, months and nears before his election to the Presidency, and whether he was zcoderaee or extreme, conservative or radical. nothing could have persuaded the leaders of the :hath to support him or even to remain quiet during his ad ministration. What Stall now be done with the rebellion? That's the question. Is words and gentle simpeeminded as to believe that Raft words and perenasion can bring the misguided people of themith back to their old alle giance? Mug net the South first be made to feel that there is no hope, no chance, no means of eec ruing from the juet punishment due to their transgressions and crimes, befere they can be expected to abandon their self-constituted leaders, and seek once more protection and safely under the old flag? Not until the rebels are thoroughly convinced that the phantom of a Southern • Confederacy in a mere optical delusion; that it has no reality in time end toace; that their leaden; have do or reed and cheated them,, and that they are no longer bele behind fortifications and entrenchments, will they over consent to lay down their arms and listen to reason able propotitions of peace. If, as some assert, the South, v ith few individual exceptions, is a unit on the cabinet of a eeparate Confedeeacy, then it is treason in every Northern man, he he Democrat or _Republican, to oppose the ever. It. on the contrary, there re a Union party at the entitle overawed by supszlor numbers. and. power less for all purposes of political organization. then it would enworse than treason not to come to the aid of these men, and cowardly to abandon them to the Tin.- dletivellees of the rebels. In either case--and there /8 no other third cake possible-is the vigorous prosecution of the war an imperative necessity and duty, alike bin die gon the Administration, and on every patriotic and law-abiding citizen. The President would be re cream to all hie sacred obligations as Chief Magistrate, if he did not use every avattahle meats at his disposal to increase the number and efficiency of our troupe; and. the people would be traitors if. uncut the at allow pre text of pally adhesion:and party obligation, they were to refuge him the support indiepensable to success. No honest citizen, w ho loves his country. no man of reflec tion, who looks into the tnure. can train doubt on that enleect. Without pros ecutieg this war, and b inning. it ton eneceseful conclusion, we areadishonored, degra ded, and divided people-the scorn of despots and the terror of all nations aspiring to liberty. lint my Democratic friends tell me this is the proper time for negotiation. Negotiation with whom? Nego tiation in regard to what? Can the Government nego tiate with treitore? Can there be a question as to what ought to satisfy the Government? The Southern people most either lay down their arms and return to their old allegiance, oth ers hey must be brought back by force. There is no roand-no mezzo /ermine - commit. ble with. our national exigence. President Lincoln can not negotiate with the rebel government on any terms. or listen to any proposition which Jeff Davis. or the members of his cabinet, might be disposed to make to m en H e was, therefore. quite right in refusing an interview to Alexander H. Stephens, the titular Vice President cf the so-called Southern Confederacy. Whalever the es'ensible pretext for demanding that In terview may have been, the real object. no doubt, was to make an impreseion on Mr. Lincoln's heart, with a view of disposing him for a peace based on the recomu gen of Southern iederendence. his. Lincoln preserved. the Ina dignity of his office in keeping the tempter at a distance, and in keeping the flag of oar eacree.Union un stained by any act that could have the appearance of even a partial momentary and transient waiving of the supremacy of our Government. Bed President Lincoln received Mr eteneens as Jeff Davis' agent, the impres sion would have been created that negotiations unre pending beers, en the lawful Government of the Gared. States and the rebel enthoritiee• of the South. which_ would have proved injurious to oar diplomacy in Ha rope, and which might have gone far to Prop up the sinking credit of the rebel Government such an indi rect recognition of the existence of a matter that could. by any possibility, be made the subject of a treaty be tween the Government of the United Stet; s and the Davis Government might have revived the hopes and entrits of the London and Paris creditors of the. South, and most, in any event. have inured to the benefit of the. obbers in the cotton loan. The lawful Government of the United States has no more business to receive prepositions front or offer tenets to the r ebel authorities, than aindge on the bench las to listen to the proposition of a convict for terms of justice: and it is indeed strange that those who are continually prating about 'violations of the Constitution, should have found fault with Mr. Lincoln for refusing to receive pro positions, the accep`ance of wi. ich mast have forever de stroe Ed our Conetitation. and-Government. The Presi dent of the United States is not only bound to execute Abs laws, but also to presierve the integrity of the Union_ Where is life tower in the Constitution that enables the President to alienate a square mile or an acre of the national territory, much less- to divide it in hale - est What lige t bae he to compound.. the felony of the rebel leecers? One Government caft never treat with the rebels, whether they lay down their arms or not It can only offer to pardon their transgressions. Treaties ere acts of sovereignty, presupposing perfect indepen dence and equality between the high contracting par ten no matter what actual disparity there may exist between their respective power, end resources. Equality between the lawful Government of the United States and - the extemeorized rebel Government of Jeff Davis is a logical , absurdity; and if the rebels lay down their arms or are subdued, what is there to treat about? The party subdued or conquered has to receive the law ef the victors; all previous conditions being obliterated by the war. The only party in the south that can wend for terms of peace is the Union party, ocpoeett to Jeff Davis, But, until that party can manifest its loyalty and its honest desire to come back Into the Union, and lobs ones more protected by our institutions and: laws, its exist ence is, at best. but hypothetical. and its growth, if it exists at all, dependent on the progress of our arms_ We can only increase its numbers- by weakening and destroying the rebellion; and it is only when the sword has done its work that we can hope for a general sub mission, and that the Government itself will be able to deal with the rebels with. generosity and kindness. There are, in every civil war, men ready to side wills_ ' the triumphant party, either from policy or from neces sity. As our victorious armies advance, we shall end 103 al mem who will have the courage, or the prudence. or the eood sense, to submit to our law and to recognize the authority of our Government Their number wilt increase as we penetrate into the heart of the rebellion; and when its lamistrong - h old shall have falleme. unanind- ' ty of sentiment will be produced which may supersede the necessity of disposing of Jeff Davis. end his coadja tore ie the week of treason. When the leading traitors shall be fugitives from the section of country they have ruined,- then the lime will have arrived for the Government of the. United States to take the work of reeonetrnetion in band, and to temper justice with. mercy. The measures then.: to be adopted to restore peace and tranquility, and that perfect union which is of the essence of power, will be considerations of states mansbip rather than deductions from constitutional. provisions. The Constittetiou of the United States does not prescribe the mode in which seceded and I &milieu*. Stares are lobe brought neck to their lawful allegiance- The framers of theonstitntion neeeseeelated the, cave of a rebellicai;VerireesecestittieWbite for limy met, as lir. Webster said, "To form a Govern ment." But they defined treason against the Gaited States, and provided for its punishment Had they in tended to g ive the States the power of withdrawing from the Union at their pleasure, they would have described the mode of exercising that power. • Raving failed to de so, secession, which alms at the dissolution of the Go verment, is troteon, and the Government meet proceed_ against the traitors as every other Government proceeds arainst those who aim at its destruction. This follows from the principle of self-preservation . , from which no Government can depart without perish ing, This centinent, as lerge_as it is, ie too small for two ro utes l er w h o a u s4his a d v i e vie e m e n n I; ° e r e e o l u e ' r 6. f:r an- ke y e would an,Va C r a - - thage to co-exist, than fir the Nettle and the South to live under two separate Governments. What endless difficulties we should have to settle! What ceaseless border - wars would be the consequences of our disagree ments Bow many death• struggles we shoad have to go through, till one or the other party should again 'be in rosseesion of nudisreated power Offer the whole country! And if the example of the first oivision should lead -to the formation of three or four repnblicsebased merely on geographical divisions. how long would it be before each state mould have its separate government?-And would peace be established then?.By no means. Would the great State of Penn sylvania continue on terms of equality and fraternity with the little State of Delaware? Wonld the Empire State be willing to divide honors with New Jersey or with little Rhode Island?.How long . before a raaa of superior genius would arise in one of those States. and atlellCT/ the conquest and subjugation of the other Statet ? 'What alliances., offensive and defensive, would e formed between the different groups of States? and list wars would ensue until. the "balance of power" be Meat ost to the eatisfaction of all concerned? Front what -we know of the Italian republics of the middle ages, and of Germany gem the paste of Westphalia, it is not extravagant to appose that it would require at least two centuries to arrive at a tolerable condition of peace. order. and security to all parties. And what field would there be opened to European drplom ace - ! Bow busy" the agents of France, England, and Spain would be to set the different States by the °armee as to prevent the mean structien of any considerable confederacy which could take rank among the leading rowers of the world: est* the Monroe doctrine, it would be laughed to scorn; Bare peen influence would be felt everywhere; while the proud title of "emer can" 'would disappear or be - sunk _ Wien ehtiVarlall, loevan, 'Missourian, Illinoisan. which would remind men more of Indian tribes belief the people of our once great and glorious republic. The men who now talk of peace, without having first subdued the rebellion, are either totally blind to all the natural and unavoidable consequences of separation, or they are knaves who try to deceive and cheat son ant of your bit threats. They are. at this crisis, the worst enemienof th e country, and deserve the reprobation and conteroptof the Whole nation- And what shall be said of those 'who would deprive the Government of the Means, voted by Congrese to carry on the war and to re duce the rebellions States to subjection ? By what name ,ball we designate these who would put obstacles in then way of recruiting our army and navy, now that a com plete and &nal victory is within our grasp? This Is not the raiment to split hairs on the constitutional power of Cons ress to pass Bove for the common safety, in a par ticular form, and agreeable to established precedents. We live in extraordinary times -'Our lives, our honor, our national existence are in danger, and we must met the, means at our disposal as hest we can to avert the at lanrities with which we are threatened. Extraordinary diseases require extraordinary remedies. When a man ie dangerously ill, we Must first restore him to physical ht altb, before we can set about to improve his mind or mend his morale. . The peace party tell me that if we let the Southern States go now they will come back to nein d ne time, and the reunion will then be accompanied by fraternal feel- Inge. I pity those who are so deluded as to believe in the poSaibility of such an event, and I despise those who affect to believe it, 'when they know the contrary. The union, once dissolved. will never be restored. There are a thousand causes which would militate against it, independent of the intrigues of European diplomacy, asd the ambition of political leaders. We have no alterna tive but to conquer the Smith, or be the most abject and degraded nation on earth. Were we to recognize the &l called Southern Confederacy, we would not only sur render the present and future, but also the past. Tha South would claim Washington, Jefferson, Madison, Jackson as her own. Hers would be the early glory of our history: ours the shame of having parted with our common inheritance to secure the wretched advantage: cf en ignominious peace. without hope-and without se curity. :Whither could a citizen of the Northern States go without feeling disgraced :In the eyes of honorable it en? What respect would, be paid to our diplomatic and commercial agent. abroad? With what feelings would our ministers to foreign Courts meet the envoys extraordinary and ministers plenipotentiary of the Southern Confederacy? What endless mortifies:floras would be in store for all who should venture to step be yond the threshold of their own homes! rd as to the material advantag t are t se cured by such a peace; Where are, they? Does any : one suppose that the South, once permanently separated from the North, Would consent to tbe re- establieben commercial relations as they existed before the rebel lion? Does any one believe that the South. once at liberty to shape her own commercial policy, would again. become tributary to our Northern produce dealers and. menufactnrers? Was net the tariff one of the grievances cf which the South complained, and which South Caro lina attempted to nullify? Let the South be independent to- monew, and in less than three months she will have comcluded commercial reciprocity treaties with England. France: and Spain. which 'will nor only virtually exclude our trade from her ports, but make it the interest of those Towers to aid and protect her in her future difference,: with the Northern States. and these differences would. be numerous and constant, and provoke fresh hostilities, and involve us not only in endless wars with the Smith, but with her friends and allies. Is not the South trying her best to secure even now the co-operation of European Powers? and do we not know that the Governments o f Franca and Eng 1,4,0, sympathize with her, and are ealy prevested from signalizing that sympathy in some overt act, by the prestige acquired by our 'gallant army and. navy ? Let that prestige depao t from ns, and all is lost, now and forever! The Union cannot now be saved by nice points of law, or e s metaphysical disquisitions, - These we shall have afterwards. We now want soldiers and sailors to pat an end to the civil 'war which consumes our strength. ni d wastes our national resources. We must crush the es envies of our Union' with an overwhelming force. and. we must do it speedily. There is danger in every hour of delay, and. in every moment of doubt and hesitation. If soldiers cannot be obtained by voluntary enlistments, thee must be procured by draft:however distasteful that smile of raising an army may be to many of our citizens: it is a sacrifice the people must make to their liberal in etitntions, 'which cannot be preserved without it- It is better to raise three hundred thousand men now, than a millions year hence. The backbone of the rebellion is broken; the navigation of the Mississippi is open the w hole way from Si. Louis to New Orleans•, Charleston is sure to fall: Says nnah and Mobile mustfollow; and witk the taking of Richmond, that.whiele Portended - to be a revolution will be redeced'iO the proportion of a mere n ob-rests tance to the lawful authorities 'of the land. The war will be substaetially at an end, for the guerilla war fare with which the South 'would threatenus can only be carried on by deeperadoes andontlaWs; whose depreda tions tall heaviest on those whose cause they esponsa If there be no natural stronghold, no fortified place. no in— accessible mountains, no impenetrable forest to which bands may retreat in safety, after being beaten. and dispersed by regular troops, their. career is 80011 ran. A few movable columns, properly officered and direct ed. Will vaitte tp glite the galetus to their exploit*, We
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