The press. (Philadelphia [Pa.]) 1857-1880, September 29, 1863, Image 1

. ,
P.1=1,331110011,
“SILLEUID DAILY (131TNDAY8 EXCEPTSDL'
BY JOBB W. FORNIOY.
ONTO& No. 111. FOUTH FOURTH STURM.
WIXE, 0.1.1..GY PRESS,
rtirrim thole PEA WEEK, payable to the wrier.
ailed to Saineribero out of the City at Sores Dormane
int LIMY. P,ntsg DOLLARE AND FIFTY' ORKTO FOR Six
BIONITs. ONE DOLT,Ar. AND SpvENTY-VV7II GENTS TOR
ItEL MOITIES, invariably in advance for the time or.
Urea.
Si- Advertisements inserted at the nsaal rates. SIX
itna ennetitate a egnaro.
WIES TRI-WEEKLY PRESS,
Mailed to Einbeeribere out of the City at Foust. DOLLAU
Fax 11.111tME. itt adYMlce.
=M==l
AROII43TROAT'
CARPET WAREHOUSE.
w3Ervcr CA3EL3E 3 .30:1"XW10r..
All the loading styles of
VELVET, BRUSSELS, THREE-PLY,
INGRAIN, AND VENETIAN
low to store, and Eletlina at . TILE REDUCED PRICES.
for Mush.
J. BLICKWOOD,
832 ARCH STREET,
Two Doors below NINTH. South Side.
REMOVAL
J. F. & E. B. ORNE
HAVE lIEMOVED FROM
619 ORESTNIIT STREET,
Opposite the State Hotu3e, to their
NEW W AREIIOIISEJ
PO4 CHESTNUT STREET,
3n the '` BUBB BUILDING," and have now open their
FALL STOCK OF
I•TEMT
904 CHESTNUT STREET_-
se2-2m
G . W. BLABON CO.
MANUFACTURERS OF
C:SXX:
pro. IWI NORTH THIRD STREET, PHILADELPHIA
Offer to the Trade a full stock of
FLOOR, TABLE, AND CARRIAGE
C:I3C3ICA 401-1C)070 1
.11=1,S1,
GEE
ILHADE S. N-OLAZED O CLOTHS AND WINDOW
'GLAZED
S
f.ILEN ECHO" MILLS;
GERMANTOWN, PA.
McCALLUM & 00.4
'MANUFACTURERS, IMPORTERS, AND DEALERS IN
C AJELP3ParrING-S,
OIL CLOTHSi• &C 3:
WAREHOUSE, 509 CHESTNUT ST.,
OPPOSITE INDEPENDENCE HALL.
sol-9m
GEORGE W. HILL,
fdannihntarer and Wholesale Dealer in.
CARPETINGS, MATTINGS, RUGS.
• ALSO.
COTTON AND WOOLLEN YARNS,
At very. Low Prices.
810. 126 NORTH THIRD STREET. ABOVE AEON,
sel-lnYo • Philadelphia.
WOODEN AN]) WILLOW WARE.
TI FatA.lti C ISC T_TS,
vracaxsAms MULLEN IN
YARNS, BATTS, WADDINGS,
WOODEN AND WILLOW WARE,
OIL 8140111 S, WINDOW SILIDES.
LOOKING GLASSES, CLOCKS,
FANCY BASKETS;-..&0
518 MARKET and 510 COMMERCE Ste.
GREAT OPENING OF
CEDAR AND WILLOW WARE.
THE LARGEST STOCK IN THE CITY
ZOW SELLING AT BARGAINS
8.000 DOZ. CORN BROOMS.
SAO DOZ. FANCY PAINTED BUCKETS.
1.000 NESTS - CEDAR WASH. TUBS.
2.000 CEDAR STAFF AND BARREL CHURNS
'l4OO DOZ. WILLOW MARKET BASKETS.
&WI BALES COTTON-WICK AND TIE YARN
'l,OOO BALES BATS AND WADDING.
SETICITLE BASKETS, OIL CLOTHS.
LOOKING GLASSES, CORDAGE, acc..-Ssa
All Goods are sold at the Manufacturer's Lowest Cash
?rim.
Orders promptly filed.
ROWE .81; EUSTON
157 and no NORTH THIRD STREET,
sel-tuthalm Three doors below Race.
FAI 4 • 1863
WKT.TE PECHIA, •
NO. 4213 MARKBT STREET,
WHOLESALE DIALERS IN
WOODEN AND WILLOW WARE,
BROOMS, CEDAR WARE,
OIL-CLOTH, LOOKING GLASSES,
' FANCY BASKETS,
ci ORD AGE,.doo_
or Agents for
”HAL.EY. MORSE. CLOTHESN'S PATENT SELP-AD
JUSTIN° WRINGER,"
EVE MOST RELIABLB WRIN4BI2 NOW IN lISB.
2se7-2m
J. H. COYLE & CO.,
Wholesale Dealers in .
YARNS, BATTS,
CARPET CHAIN.
WOODEN WARE,
BRUSHES, ago., •
2310 MARKET STREET.
PICILADELPIIIA.
OAS VIXTIURBS, &c.
617 ARCH STREET
C. A. VANKIRIE & CO.
ItifiI7PAOTURREB Olt
CHANDELrERS
AND OTHER.
GAS FIXTURES.
French Bronze Figures and Ornamente. Porcelain
and Mica Shades, and a variety of
4 ,- F,ITOY GOODS,
WROT..,RSALE AND . RETAIL.
Please call and oramine .goodmi
SEWIN G MACHINES.
LONG -LO ND FOR
COME AT LAST!
VHE PERFECTION OF SEWING ISIELCHINES.
SAMPLES OF THE' CELEBRATED
FLORENCE SEWING itCRINES
Clan be seen at
No. 439 CIHMTNIIT STRUT (second floor),
Where all persons interested in sewing machines are !n
-ettled to tali and examine this wonderful Machine.
It has been the object of the FLORENCE SEWING
MACHINE COMPANY to supply a machine free from
the objections attached to other firet-class machines. and
after the patient, untiring labor ofy ee.re and a liberal
texpenditnre of capital in securing the first mechanical
indent. their efforts'have been crowned with Success and
they are now offerWcto the public the MOST PERFECT
fifigWlNG MACRINE, IN THE WORLD. Among its
r i g i advantages over all other machines, may be mem
-Ist. It makes four direrent etitelteg on one and the
name machine. each stitoh being perfeet" . and alike on
both sides of the fabric*. .
Id. Maturing from one kind of iotitoh , to., Another, as
late as the length of the stitch, can readihr:bidone While
Ulla machine ill in motion.
Evervistitch is perfect in **eV making .. the seam
beauty
bemire and. uniform, combining elastfcity, strtagth` and
4th...ft has the revetWbte feed motion, which enables
the operator to run the work to either the right or left,
sr stay any part of the seam, or fasten the ends of seams
Without turning the fabric or stopping the machine.
oth . . le is the moat rapid sewer in the world, making
aye stitchea' to , each revolution, and there is no other
Insulin° rhioh will do so large a range of Work as the
ELORENOIL • _
eth. li r feee the heaviest or jgnest Work With equal fa
*Mix, thout change of tension or breaking of thread.
t hems, fells, binds. gathers. braids, quilts, and
framers and sews on a ruffle at the same time.
Stk. /teatatrßicity enables the most inexperienced to
operate it. Its motions are all positive, and there are
no fine syringe to get out of order, and it is adapted to
ail kindsges of cloth-tvork, from thick to thin, and is at-
Moat .
Stit. L The FL s
ORENCE SEWING MACHINEIs unequal-
Dearity and 'style, and must be seen to , bo appro.
dasad see the FLORENCE, at No, 4341 CHESTNUT
litrast, sp stairs. • atoo-tt
OL. 7.-NO. 51.
SILK AND DItY;.G.CiODS JOBBERS.
AUTUMN. _ , 1863.
DAWSON, BRANSON, & CO.,
N. W. COB MARKET FIFTH' STS.,
OM MARKET STREET.)
INVITE THE ATTENTION OF CITY AND. COUNTRY.
MERC.HANTS TO. THEIR STOCK OF
FRENCH AND ENGLISH
DRESS. GOODS,
-
SHAWLS, &a.
each Buyers will find it to their interest
to Exasultie our Goods.
, .
r. R. DAWSON 0. BRANSON J. 0. BONOARONES.
sOl2-2m.
THOS. MELLOR 63 00.1
IMPORTERS,
Nos, 44) And 4,11 NORTH THIRD STRUT-
We invite the attention of the trade to onr large stock of
HOSIERY, , 6 -LOVES,
SHIRTS, DRAWERS,
GERMANTOWN FANCY WOOLENS,
LINEN CAMBRIC HDEFS.,
4.4 `LINENS, AND SHIRT FRONTS.
se?-Sin.
1863 FALL IMPORTATION. 1863
EDMUND YARD & .CO.,
IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS, SULKS AND FANCY
DRY GOODS,
al9
ORESTNUT and 611 JAM; Street,
Have now opened their Fall importation of Dress Goods,
viz:
KERINOS,
COBURGS,
ALPAOAS,
DELAINES;
PLAIN AND STRIPED POPLINS
FANCY AND BLACK SILKS.
Also, • large assortment of • •
SHAWLS, •
BALMORAL SKIRTS,.
WHITE GOODS,
LINENS, EMBR/DERIES, &a,
which they offer to the trade at the
LOWEST MARKET PRICES.
antl-tr
JAMES, KENT.
SANTEE, it 004
IMPORTERS /...ND JOBBERS OF
Dial?' Goons,
Noe. 23157 and 241 - N. THIRD SWUM, ABOVE BAWL
PRILADELPELIA.
70 now open their usual
LARGE AND COMPLETE STOOK
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC DRY GOODS,
Arnola which will be found a more than aerially attrac
tive variety of
LA_DIES' DRESS GOODS;
Also. a fall assortment of
MERRIMACK AND
and COCHECO PRINTS.
PHILADELPHIA-MADE GOODS,
To Which they invite the SPECIAL ATTEITTIOX OV
CASH BUYERS. araMna
CASH BUYERS,
AT WHOLESALE,;,:,
Ire invited to examine oar
FLANNELS,
BLANKETS,
MERINOES,
POPLINS,
BLACK BILKS,
FANCY SILKS,
IRISH LINENS, WRITE (1001 S,
DRESS GOODS,
and other articles adapted to the &mem
JAMES R. CAMPITEIJ, & CO.;
7..27
sa26-2m - OHBR:ONi - TT STIVEBT.
FALL STOCK
SILK AND FANCY DRESS GOODS
A. W. LITTLE & CO.
se2,2m Ifo. 3%5 MARKET STREET
1863. FALL 1863.
Dial( GOODS.
HOOD, BONBRIGHT, & 00
WHOLESALE DEALERS II
FOREIGN AND . DOMESTIC
DRY GOODS.
No; 435 MARKET STREET, PHILADELPHIA:
The attention of the TRADE is invited. to their large
Stock of
STAPLE AND FANCY GOODA,
Among which are choice brands of Sheet
. ing and •Shirting
Madder Prints, De Lames,
Gingham, and
SEASONABLE DRESS GOODS.
ALSO,
MEN'S WEAR
IN GREAT VARIETY*.'
GREAT
GREAT INDIJCEMENTS OFFERED TO
CASH BUYERS.
sa2o-23n
BLACK SILKS,
- AT ' , MY LOW PRICES
M.:L. HALLOWELL & CO;.,
No. 615 CHESTNUT STREIT
SII&WLS,
AMERICAN AND FOREIGN, IN GREAT VARIETY
112. L. HALLOWELL do GO.;
No. 615 CHESTNUT STREET.
DRESS GOODS.
An immense assortment, in 'French, English, and Saxony
Goods.
M. L. EIALLOWELL Jet CO.,
sol-lm No. 615 CHESTNUT STREET
TO WHOLESALE BUYERS.
THOMAS W. EVANS & CO.
INVITE THE ATTENTION OF
WHOLESALE BUYERS
TO THEIR LARGE AND WELL-SELECTED ASSORT
IifENT OF
FANCY DRY GOODS.
FALL AND WIN'ITIVSALES.
Me Stock Ls principally of T. W. K. 4 (SO.'S own IN
POST~TION, and will-be offered at the
MOST REASONABLE PRICES.
BUM are solicited to call said examine
820 CHESTNUT STREET,
'UP STAIRS.
CASH HO.6SE.
M. L. HILLOWELL i&E, CO.)
HATE NOW IN BTORX. ,
DRESS. GOODS,
BL.A.OkiAND FANCY arras,
SHAWLS, 13ALMORAT,S,
RIBBONS, KID GLOVES, &c., &o.
Bought exoltudvaly for 'mkt, and Which will bo sold
at a small advance. ael-3m
1863. FALL AND WINTER
1863.
nrcv . Gooiffs'.
RIEGEL, WIEST, do ERVIN 3
IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS OF
DRY GOODS:
NO. 47 NORTH THIRD STREET,
PHILADELPHIA.
We are constantly receiving large lots of all kinds of
fresh and doeirable goOde. Merchants will find it to
their advantage . to cal l ,. and examine Our stock before
_
Purchasing elsewhere, as we can offer them inducements
uernialled by any other establishment in rkiladelohlm.
se9.2nt
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1 . •• .
. . .
on CHESTNUT STRUT,
PO A L.--LSIIGAR : LOAF, BEAVER
MEADOW, and Spring Mountain Lehigh Coal, and
beat Locust hfountain, from. Schuylkill ; prepared ex
pressly for Family use. 'Depot, N W. corner of EIGHTH
and WILLOW, Streets. Office, No. 112 South SECOND
Street. - , [ap2.ly) WALTON & CO.
11,11AMPAGNE.--AY: INVOICE - OP
Gold Lae.", and "Gloria " Champagne; in sinarte
and piste jest rec eived
s per French ship "Line Amalie,"
for sale by ~ r 'v• °HAG. S. Sr. JAS . n A GaßSTnilt.d..
genta.
sea Soo. o WALNUT % So wi le
ll +JUANITA 3ts.
CII6OII3[INIG.
WANAMAKBB & BROWN'S
POPULAR
• C) A Mr. xx -AL Xi Li
S. E. CORNER
SIXTH AND MARKET:
FINE CLOTHING READY-MUM
/-
& B.
WINAMAKER & BROWN,
MERCHANT TAILORS.
CUSTOM DEPARTMENT,
NO. 1 SOUTH 15LETH STB.RET.
The newest eiyles for. Fall and Winter
Now Heady.
sel6-kle3l
AND.RIOT, MAGEOCH, & CO.,
FRENCH TAILORS,
No, NS CHESTNUT STREET.
PHILADELPHIA.
PAUL' ANDRIOT, (of Parts.) late Principal Crater
and Superintendent of Granville Stokes.
JAMES D. MAGEOCH. late Pante and Vent Cutter - of
Granville Stokes, and
D. GORDON YATES.
A choice stock of Seasonable Goode always on hand.
French and German spoken. sels-Sm
EDWARD P. KELLY, •
JOHN KELLY:
FORMERLY CHESTNUT, ABOVE SEVENTH,
LATH 1022 0112671117 T
TAILORS.
142 SOUTH TRIED St., NEAR THE EXCHANGE.
Have just received a large Stock of Choice
FALL AND WINTER GOODS,
AND
FALL STYLES,
TERMS. CASE, at pricesp much lower than any other
iiist-class establishment. ar.B7-tf
BLACK CASS. PANTS $5.50,
At 704 BIARRITZ Street.
BLACK CASS. PANTS, $5.50. At 704 MARKET Street.
BLACK. CASS. PANTS, $5..50, At 704 MARKET Street.
BLACK CASS. PANTS. 04.60. At 701 MARKET. Street.
BLACK CASS. PANTS. $5.50, At 704 MARKET Street.
GRIGG & VAN GUNTBN'S, No. 704 111A.RE.ST Street.
GRIGG & VAN GGETRN'S, No. 704 MARKET Street.
GRIGG & VAN GUNTEN'S„ No. 704 MARKET Street.
GRIGG Zit VAN GITNTRN'S, No. 701 MARKET Street.
GRIGG of VAN GIINTEN'S. No• 704 MARKET Street.
DAM-if
SILVER-PLATED WARE.
SILVER PLATED WARE
MINILFAMORY.
TEA SETS,
CASTORS,
WAITERS,
ICE PITCHERS, &c. &c
•vrin - pm, clz MOSS,
geS-fin 225 SOUTIIFIVTH STREET.
GENT'S FITRATIS'HING GOODS.
NOS. I AND 3 N. SIXTH STREET,
PHILADELPHIA.
.3 - 01EIN C. AIEPORISON,
(FOR)CERLY I. BURR mown.)
IMPORTER AND DEALER IN
GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING GOODS,
SUX'6FACTURER
OF THE IMPROVED
WRAPPERS
COLLARS,
SATISFACTION GITAISANTIED, rayM-tovi
GEORGE GRANT,
No. 510 CHNSTNIIT STRIBT.
Ilas; now ready .
- A LARGE AND COMPLEPR SPOON
GENTS' FURNISHING GOODS,
Of his own importation and manufacture.
Rio celebrated.
"PRIM MNDAL SHIRTS,"
Iffiratilactnred under the superintendence of
JOHN F.' TAGGERT,
(Formerly of Oldenberg & 'Taggart,'
Are the most perfect-fitting Shirts of the age.
Mar- Orders promptly attended to. ire-thatti-fim
ARCH STREET. 606.
606.
FINE SHIRT AND WRAPPER DEPOT.
Alt ELEGANT ASSORTMENT OP
RENTS' VITRIVISHING GOODS,
AT MODERATE PRICES.
EMIR PREMIUMS AWARDED FOIL
SHIRTS, WRAPPIMS, AND STOCKS.
A. 'HOFFMANN,
Successor to W. W. %MEET,
606 ARCH STREET. 606.
VINE SHIRT MANUVACTORY.
The subscriber would invite attention to his
.. IMPROVED CUT OF SHIRTS,
which he makes a specialty in his business. Also, con
stintly_receiving -
NOVELTIES FOR GENTLEMEN'S WEAR.
J. W. SCOTT,
GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING STORE,
No. 814 CHESTNUT STREET,
ja2o-if Four doors below the Continental.
DRUGS.
ROBERT SHOEMAKER do Co.,
Northeast Corner FOITRTH and RACE Streets,
PHILADELPHIA,
WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS,
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN
• • ' FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC
WINDOW AND PLATE GLASS,
MANUFACTURERS OF
WHITS LEAD AND ZINC PAINTS, PUTTY, Aro.
AGENTS FOE. TILE CELEBRATED
FRENCH ZINC PAINTS.
Dollars and consumers supplied as
VERY LOW PRICES FOR CASH.
PAPER HANGINGS.
PHILADELPHIA ~..
PAPER I-lANGIN as.
HOWELL da BOURKE,
OOSTER OF
FOURTH' AND MARKET STREETS,
MANUFACTURERS OP
PAPER HANGINGS
AND' lIRTAIN 'PAPERS. .
Offer to the trade a large d. elegant amortment of
ride. tram the cheapest Br WU Stock to the finest
N. E. CORNER POLFETH Ar -MARKET STREETS.
M. B.—Solid Green, Blue, and Bair WINDOW PA
PERS of every grade. selo-2m
UIVI I BRELLAS.
1 * UMBRELLAS 1 UMBRELLAS 11
WM. A. DROWN 'd 00.,
NO. 246 MARKET STREET,
PHILADELPHIA,
Manufacturers of
SUP.ERIOR UMBRELLAS.
an22-21n ;
CABINET FURNITURE.
CABINET FURNITURE AND BIL
LIARD TABLES.
MOORE '&' CAMPION;
No. 261 SOUTH SECOND STREET,
In connection with their extensive Cabinet business, are
now manufacturing a superior article of
BILLIARD TABLES,
and have now on hand a full suppli. finished with the
MOORE & Os&PION'S IMPROVED CUSHIONS.
Which' re pronounced by all who have need them to be .
11Il ea r ie t° 4 1 11Vfa. finish of these Tables the manu
facturers refer to their numerous patrons throughont
the Union, who are familiar with the character of their
work. _
868.6 m
VOA%.
Since my arrival here yesterday morning I have
bad an opportunity of mingling freely with the peo•
ple, and speaking with some of them on the great
questions of the day in the early vernacular of this
section, that most execrable of mongrel tongues,
Pennsylvania Dutch.
In a pleasant grove, nearly midway between this
and the Limerick Bridge Station, on the Reading
Railroad, in charge of that staunch and esteemed
Republican, Hon. Benj. Frick, there was yester
day held the annual Union celebration of all
the Sunday. Schools in this region. Fourteen years
ago this month 'I attended a similar gathering in the
same grove ; then as an accidental spectator. Yester
day, contrary to the maxim that "a prophet is not
without honor save in his own country," I was, by
invitation, the "orator of the day." The maxim is
saved, however, by the fact that I am not a prophet.
The meeting consisted of about equal proportions of
men, women and children, numbering probably two
hundred .each. The Rev. Mr. Sill, of the Lutheran
Church, and Rev. Mr. Shenkle, of the German Re
formed, assisted in, the exercises ; the latter having
made an interesting and well•received introductory
address to the children.
Politica are at high tide. A large meeting of the
friends of Gov. Curtin and the Union was held at
the Trappe yesterday, ana another of about equal
magnitude, by the sympathizers with treason, at
Pottstown, to advocate the election of Judge Wood
ward. It is not to be disguised that the politics of
this particular district, which has always been
Democratic atronghold, are exceedingly heterodox.
Meetings of the K. d. C. are frequent, and bold in
the utterance of their designs. The Norristown
Register has been diffusing its Copperhead virus
ever since the sacrifice of the lamented Douglas at
the Charleston Convention, and this, unfortunately,
is the sheet that mainly leads, or rather misleads,
what was formerly the honest Democracy of Old
Montgomery. True, among the reading and more
intelligent members of the party, there are not a few
who have the patriotism, and independence to. dis
avow all obligations to a party that has become the
ally of treason, and who will vote the full Republi
can ticket on the second Tuesday in October, for the
sake of the Union ; still, it will be by the most in
cessant Efforts only of the friends of the Govern
ment, between this and election day, that the ordi
nary Democratic majority in this county can Ile ma
terially reduced. GRAYBEARD.
From the Washington Chronicle.)
The Chicago Times -publishes the following as a
genuine• letter from the late Hon. Stephen - A.
Douglas. We have what we deem very strong, rea
sons for pronouncing it a forgery, independent of
the inherent probability of that statesman's penning
such a document : .
WASHINGTON" Juno 3 1860
Mr REAR SIR : Accept my thanks for your kind
letter. While lam glad to have your testimony to
the fidelity and energy with which our friend Val
landigham acted at Charleston, I take pleasure in
muting you that I never, for a moment,-doubted
him. Whenever I know a man to be a gentleman, I
alwaut regard his word as ,conclusive. Besides, I .
have. oo= many evidences of General Vallandtg ,
ham's friendship for me to permit any, one to im
peach his honorin my presence.
It is an act of justice to say that several friends of
mine, who had not been particularly friendly to him
'previous to the Charleatorionvention, came back
his warm friends, and bore enthusiastic testimony to
his noble bearing and efficient services. Itake plea
sure in assuring you that all our news, especially
from the south, is of the most cheering chara?.ter.
Another effort will be made to break up the Conven
tion but it will fail. •
PATTERN SHIRT,
lIIIIDERCZOTHING,
, .
With assurances of my grateful regards, I' am,
yap truly, your friend, S. A. DOUGL - AS.
To Ron. BRif M. sAmtrims, Dubuque, lowa.
To the Editor' of The Press
SIB: When the recent raid of the rebels was
made, the capital of the State menaced, and Phila..
delphia threatened, ten regiments flew to arms in
this city in a very short space of time. Among,
those who responded in the hour of need were the
following named conductors of the Germantown
Passenger Railroad. Company: William IC Rush,
car number 24; Benjamin F. Robinson, car num
ber 30; JAMeli Boileau, car number 18. The first
belonged to the 62d Regiment; the others, to, the
Merchants , Regiment. These men were twitted
their places on the,road Would be reserved for them.
They have returned, having been honorably dis
charged from the service of their country. On
malting application to resume their old positions
they were refused. -
I all; sir, yours, truly, GERMANTOWN.
PHILADBLPHIA, Sept. 26, 1863.
To the Editor of The Press
, Sin : Will you permit a constant reader of your
paper to ask a place in its columns tor an appeal to,
school directors on the subject of one session, for the
coming winter, in the public schools l Many of the
children are unable to attend when the weather is
inclement, because their exposure must occur twice
in the day; besides which, they do not g - ain, in the
two sessions, more than half an hour in time of, at
tendance at school. Another argument in favor of
but one session le, that the children have not only
more time for the acquisition of their lessons at
home, but some opportunity for physical relaxation,
so important to their health. On the other hand,
having two - sessions, they are frequently obliged to
encroach with their studies upon the hours they re-;
quire for sleep, and consequently are prevented from
rising early, fresh for their morning teak.
I am, sir, respectfully yours,
Parte., Sept. 27,1861. A hI.OrIiER.
To the Editor of The Press
Sin : A few years ago a writer in one:of our daily
papers recommended the repeal of our city ordinances
prohibiting persons to go on the grass plats in our
public squares. If that writer is still living, he
would do well to take a look at Independence Square
in its present deplorable condition. The ordinance
for its protection has not been repealed, but it has
been violated• with impunity ever since the recruiting
tents were placed upon the grass plats. The tents
are gone, but the new footpaths which have de
stroyed the grass are still there and are dilly grow•
ing worse. •
The police should make an example of some of the
violators of the law. If this is too troublesome,
there is no other remedy than to shut up the little
gates on Filth and Sixth streets, and the two corner
gates on Walnut street
Very respectfully, yourr, D. W
PIULADICLPHIA, Sept. 27, 1663. ' . -
,BLAOSIVOOD'S MAGAZINE.—Themost striking,
'es well as the moat lengthy article in the September
number, is "The Battle of Gettysburg . and the
gampaign of Pennsylvania," given as an "Extract
from the Diary of an English Officer, at present
with the Confederate Army. , ' It commences at
Richmond on June 20, and ends at New York on
July it, when the writer made himself safe on board
the China, homeward bound. He gives a graphic
but one.sided account of all that be saw, particu
larly the battles on the ist, 2d, and 3d of July. He
relates bow, after the battle on the last day, Gen.
Lee said to Gen. Willcox, "Never mind, General,
aillhis has been Tar fault; it is I that have lost this
fight, and you must help me out of it in the best way
you can.". Thiele very difthrent from the Richmond
account, which impudently claimed a victory , for
Lee. He also states that Lee's return to Virginia
was " imperative, from want of ammunition."
There is an admirable essay on the Pyramids—who
built them, why s and when. The mechanical means
employed in their construction are not touched
upon. Sir E. L. Bulwer Lytton gives -a. further
portion of his Caxtoniana, and 'Pam Oliphant con
tinues her chronicles of Carlingford. There is also
en article.on Jean Paul Richter. On sale at Me
ber's,,South Third street.
Miss BRKonorea NEW Nov.m..--" Eleanor's
Victory," the last of Miss A. Braddon's very
able sensation novels, has appeared, as
~ , an
trated serial, in the English periodieal called Once
a- Week. Harper Brothers,the, New- York pub
lishers, have , anticipated "the trade " by bringing
out this Story as No. 236 of their popular and well
selected Library of. Select Novels; just as. T. B.
Peterson lately brought , out hire.. Wood's "Squire
Trevlsn's Heirs " before it was completed in:Eng
land. "Eleanor's Victory," to.our taste, is.mueh
superior to "Aurora Floyd" and to "Lady Anthers
Secret." The scene sfnits from Paris. to London,
thence to the country, back again to Paris, and
finally in England again... The motif of the tale
is a daughter's quest for the murderer. of her
father, her discovery of the nan, and eventually, in
that flush of success,'a kreater victory over her own
strong passion. The book is rather powerful than
sensational, and many of the characters are Well
drawn. The book is publisluid. With: illustrations,
and is on sale by T. B. Peterson & l3rothers, and
also by T. B. Pugh, Chestout street.
PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, SEPT. 29, 1863.
1.1
~'~t
TTJESDAY, SEPTEMBER 2D, 1863.
Letter from " Graybeard.”
Ludemorc, M.Ontgomery eo., Sept. 27, 1883.
The golden daps are upon us—the ;season when,
"Crowned with the sickle and the wheaten Owe.
W 113113 Autumn; nodding o'er the yellow plain.
Comes jovial on"
a season rendered doubly beautiful to me on this
mild afternoon, because I am. writing from "the
home of my childhood." There is a degree of rude
rusticity about the place that would probably be
unattractive and commonplace to strangers, but
to me it has a quiet, satisfying beauty to which
the most gorgeous street and deviling edifice of the
metropolis, are not to be compared. Children born
and reared in the . city, in the lap of luxury, may
be more precocious in acquiring the polish of
fashionable society, but this can but poorly com
pensate for the loss of that miniature paradise,
country home. I never visit this dear old home
stead; especially in autumn, without feeling that, in
walking over its familiar fields, the sun is brighter and
more genial than anywlmre else in this wide world.
The sky wears a deeper benignity in its azure hue; the
little brook where I used to catch minnows with a
pin hook seems conscious of my presence, and " bah-
Ides " of , my sweetest recollections ; and even the
rustling of the leaves, still almost as green as in mid
eummer, has to my ears a peculiar sound of " wel
come !" The old trees, some of which have grown
"bald with dry antiquity," stretch out their arms
as I approach them, as if to greet me with a patri
arch's blessing. The rough-walled.low-roofed rooms
in the quaint old house, where nearly- five and thirty
years ago I first beheld the light, seem unchanged in .
their minutite, and, thank God, they still echo with
familiar voices.
A Letter of Douglas.
A Peculiar Case,
On 6 Session.
Independence Square.
THE MEXICAN QUESTION.
Character of the French Programme.
Marla correspondence of the London Post.)
TEE ARCHDUKE'S ACCEPTASWE
In the first place, the Archduke Maximilian of
/instil& has agreed to accept the throne of IVlexico,
Prance having deckled to respond to all the im
portant demands of the Austrian Prince.
TUE PP.P.NCH OCCUPATION
Thus a French army, consisting of some twenty.
five thousand men, will remain in alexia° until the
sovereign shall have time to organize native ma
terial for supporting the threne, maintaining order,
and consolidating a respectable Government. After
the Ist of January, 1804, the cost of this army corps
will be supported and paid by the native Govern
ment. France does not, and will not, bind herself to
any permanent protectorate obligation ; but the pre.
sense of a foreign force being absolutely necessary
at first, France agrees with trio future sovereign to
the above propositions. I should observe that these
plans, however, are. not yet reduced to a formal con.
vention, but appear to be agreed upon.
THE HEX ICAN_ AND SPANISH
CLAUS'S.
Then comes the question of a loan. Nothing can
be cone without money tin Southern America any
orethan in any other part of the world. The Arch
duke, therefore, agrees with France that a new
Mexican loan shall be brought out under French pa
tronage al Paris. It may be £20,000,000; the exact
sum 'is not fixed. Several respectable French bank.
era have alread3r °tiered to tale up large portions of
the loan;, and a few English houses have joined them
in there demands. The loan will be divided, when
subscribed, into three portions. One will go to pay
oil Enolith, French, end Spani,sis claims, which origi
nated The Vzostilities; a second stun will' be dedicated to
liquidating, -in tome measure, the cost of the French mili
tary await - ion; whilst the remaining funds will be
deposited in the public treasury at Mexico, in order
to carry on the expenses of government.
Such 170.2 agreed On here in late Cabinet councils.
It "is' believed that when the wealth of Mexico is
properly. .worked, the taxation which the.new loan
must eventually impose on n financially poor nation
will be easily .met.
kOktCY ON
,31AXD.T.TLIAZ7
•
The Austrian Archduke is inspired by all the pro
gressive and intelligent genius of the age. Ile con
templates erecting a wealthy and powerful empire.
He insists on universal suftrape being resorted to,
and this will be the first act of the existing authori
ties. Meanwhile the French, towards carrying out
the imperial scheme, are working away at organiza
tion and completing a road from Vera Cruz to, the
capital. The rest of the world can only wish theta
and the Austrian Prince every success. England
will then get her claims ; those interested in Mexi
can sect:lilies will, I presume, find their property
augmenting in value, and, with a respectable
Government, a new continent of immense natural
wealth will be opeu to the commerce of the world.
That is the pleasing feature of the picture.
THE AMERICAN VIEVi--THE JUAREZ GOVERNMENT.
On the other hand, Americana still say that the
idea of erecting an empire in Mexico is a political
error, and will subject its authors to the inevitable
hostility of the United States, and he a souree of
constant peril for the sovereign who shall undertake
the task of ruling so lawless and fanatical a people.
Al all events, France having put her hand to The work, the
Emperor is determined, I /earn, to go on. Even colon
- lotions of great profit are made, and I find confidence
decidedly prevailing in high quarters. Negotiations
between the Emperor and the Archduke proceeded
slowly ; but as Napoleon 111. is very anxious to
carry out his scheme, difficulties soon disappear, and
it is expected the universal suffrage applied, and the
vote given (so easy to do in Mexico), the Archduke
Maximilian will appear on the scene, surrounded by
French troops and such of his subjects as prefer the
fortune of the Austrian Prince , to ex-President ill.
MT; who is negotiating with iVaskinyton for a very dif
ferent programme, and, American Consuls say, with
COUNTiSTG-THE COST
- PARIS, Sunday, Sept. la, 1853.
It is believed that the Minister of Finance, in hig
forthcoming report, mill take credit for the fret yag.
meal to be made by the Mexican Government towards the
expense of the French expedilion.
MEXICO AND SOUTDERN RECOGNCTION-M. DE MON-
THOLON'S ADDRESS TO NAPOLEON
- - -
Paris (Sept. 7) Correspondence of the lioteeliafter,'of
Vienna.)
Amongst other projects, the recognition of the
Confederate States hy France is still on the order of
the day. The Emperor is personally most strongly in
clined to take such a step. Nevertheless, some of
the „Ministers, particularly M. de Morny, whose
opinion has great weight with the Emperor, are op.
posed to if. M. de Montholon, who was recalled to
France expressly to be consulted on the Mexican
question, declares himself decidedly in favor of the
recognition of the Souther:a:States.
This diplomatist expressed himself as follows to
the Emperor
If, sire, you wish to create a permanent Govern
ment in lilexico, you must obtain some firm point
d'appui, and this the Southern States-can alone at
fold you. You must run the hazard of a war with the
NortlimM States, which, however, the Northerners - will
endeavor to avoid. But if you will not recognize the
Southern States, you may renounce the idea of
founding a throne in Mexico, and give up the con
quered kingdom to the Federal States on, favorable con
ditions. Mexico will rejoice in republican liberty
under-the Sag: of the United. States. You, then,
We, will have the glory of having accomplished the
mirsion of civilization in both hemispheres,' and
given a brilliant example of your disinterestedness. '
but a new and durable kingdom you will not hove created.
The Parts correspondent of the London relegraph,
writing on the 13th instant, says :
• All eyes are turned towards Biarritz, from which
place, by letter or :telegram, we shall learn occa
sionally during the next- fortnight what the master
spirit of France is meditating; but it is very likely
that the Emperor himself is more intent on having •
a little rest than on the future of Poland or Mexico,
the anger of St. P.eteraburg or the cunning of Vien
na ; and So we shall' remain unenlightened till the
Court Of Biatrits breaks "u, very shortly , after
which the Paris willseason. begin, and then the
stream of life, political and social, will rim in its
usual course.
Senator Wilson on the. Draft.
The author of the Conscription 13ill lately de•
livered an important and eloquent speech in Maine,
from which we extract :
Never in the darkest hours of the country did
the duty of raising forces for the public security press
upon. Congress with more solemn earnestness, and
Congress addressed itself to the solution of the ques
tion with an earnest desire to meet the needs of the
military service. Military men of experience, of
rare intelligence, were consulted and their aid in
voked. Atter much deliberation the act - for
enrolling and calling out the national forcea,"
was reported, received the sanction of Con.
arena and is the law of the land. This act secures to
the Government the physical power of the country,
under clearly defined, uniform and equal laws. By
• drafting for three years, and placing the drafted men
in the old regiments, power and economy were se
cured, and comfort, health and life promoted. Om
bemired thoueand men for three years equals four
hundred thousand for nine months. Putting them
in old veteran regiments adds at least three-fold to
their power, and at half the expense ; and the pres
sure upon the productive industry of the country,
and upon the people, is immeasurably lessened. By
placing the drafted men in the old regiments that
have learned how to march, camp, cook, sleep, fight,
health was aecured, and life made safer.
Having secured in this act, as compared with
the old militia :laws, uniformity, equality, force,
economy, comfort, health, add lite ; having reamed
the act so as to bear as lightly as mumble upon the
industries and soda' life of the people, Congress de
sired to relieve the toiling dependent poor and to
make national and State officiate and the favored
and fortunate bear their share of the burdena of en
forced military service. By the national and State
militia laws, State aml national offisials, members'
of Congress, custom-house officers, postmasters,
clexko, judges, ministers of the Gospel, and the fa
vored and fortunate, were exempted from mili
tary duty. The national and State militia laws
discriminated against the poor and in favor of the
rich. This law, so falsely and fiercely denounced,
discriminates against the rich - and in faVor of
the poor. Members of Congress, custom-house
officers, postmasters and their clerks, ministers, na
tional and State officials (excepting the Vice presi
dent), the Cabinet, Judges of the Supreme Court of
the United Stater s and the Governors-of the States,
are now enrolled and must light, or get a substitute,
or pay the commutation of $3OO. While this law
requires the favored, the fortunate, the rich, to bear
its burdens, it tenderly spares the poor. Never was
a military law enacted in America so careful of
the dependent poor. In this world, of inequality
no legislation can lift from the toiling masses the
burdens that too often press too heavily upon
them, but this 'law, so bitterly assailed, seeks
to relieve the -inequalities of life. This denounced
enrolment-act exempts of the poor the only son
of the widow dependent on his labor; the only
son of aged or infirm parents dependent on his,
Tabor; one of the two or more sons of such
parents ; the only brother of orphan children not
twelve years'old dependent on his labor; the father
of motherless children undertwelve years of age de
pendent on his labor. Under these humane provi
sions, tens of;housands of the toiling, dependent
poor are relieved from the burdeila of enforced mili
tary duty. Congress wisely exempted, as an act of
humanil y, young men between eighteen and twenty.
Thousands of 'immature young men have broken
down under the severe duties of the service, and sank
into the hospitals, or into prematuregraven. Many
of the young men of this tender age are fitted for the
army, and 'mould enter its service; but as a class it
would hare been cruel to have forced them into the
army, and Congress in this, as in other portions of
the la w,'followed the prom/dings of humaatty.
But the commutation provision of $3OO is de
nounced as a discrimination against the poor in fa
vor of the rich. He who utters this sentiment 'a
eons reason and outrages decency. The man who
helievea it is mentally contemptible. The man who
utters it in " the ear of the;people proclaim
an illogical absurdity. No man was ever forced
into the army rby this three hundred dollar commu•
tation provision, or ever will be, or ever
can be. It has not, it will not, it cannot force one
man into the service of the United States. It is a
provision of exemption, not of compulsion. No
man is held by;it,tene of thousanda are relieved by
it. It , wee made for - the sole benefit of the poor, of
the small farmers, mechanics, and laboring men. It
disetiminates in their favor, and will and must chum.
The National anti State laws required the service of
the person drafted or an acceptable aubstuate.
This law, -as originally drawn, required the ser
vice of, the person drafted or an acceptable substi
tute within ten days. It was believed that the pres
sure would be so great for substitutes that the priee
wculd go up to. ten or fifteen hundred dollara—np
beyond the ability of small farmers, mechanica, and
laboring men to pay. To keep the price of substi
tutes within reasonable limits, to enable men of
small means to obtain substitutes,i or relieve them
selves from the draft if their circumstances require
their releate, this commutation provision was put
in the act. It has operated precisely as it was ex
pected to operate. 'lt has kept down the pride of
substitutes. It holds no man, who would not be
held were it not in the law, but it has ,relieved, and
will relieve, thousands, who would be held were it
not in the law. The practical operation:of the law
demonstrateer what reason clearly saw before, that
the Government lelica by it, and the drafted men
gain bydt ; that it is the poor manta prevision. The
demagogue, with deceitful speech, may continue a
little longer' to misrepresent and malign it; Igno
rance .may continue, with flippant tongue, to de
nounce it; but no honest and well-informed poor
man in America would vote to erase it from the law-
No, nut
,one ; not one.
.:.Tan London Post, a Government organ, says there
is no satisfactory evidence forthcoming to show
that the ram shins in the Mersey were built or
destined for the Confederacy. The 'London Times
announces that, pending further inquiry, and until
fresh instructions are givenfthey *Blunt be allowed
to leave port.
-- Admiral Farragut attended a clambake of the
Manhattan Club of New York, on Saturday, at
the Manhattan Cove. Generals Meardter and Spi-
Lola, and lion.. James T. Brady, were present. The
Admiral was received with great enthusiasm, and
in a speechthanked his guests reran entertainment
entire/y novel, and one of the most agreeable days
he had ever spent. •
—.The Pittsburg Commercial affirm that General
McClellan, speaking of Peunsylvania politics, ex.
pressed. himself anxious for the reelection of Go.
vernor Curtin, and thatig in the Stift, he shOuld
speak and vote for him.
--,George Sumner, brother of the Senator, le - on
his 'death bed at Boston. His death will be a Ikeavy
Ines to the world of letters. Asa scholar, thinker
and wilier. he Am long held a high place, ,
THE CANVASS FOR GOVERNOR.
A WAR DEMOCRAT ON THE WAR,
GnEAT SPEEMI OP
ITTIANCiS
Why Ile Lett 'a Disloyal Newspaper, and
Mow the Invasion of the State Matte
Its Associations Intolerable.
UNION DEIIIONSTiIIiTIONS IN PHILADETPIIIA,
The Meeting hi Me• Academy of Music.-
THE WAR DEMOCRATS OF THE FIRST WARD,
B:c.; &c.
The announcement that Mr. PraneiS J. Grund, of
this city, formerly principal editor. and one of the
owners of The Age newspaper, of this city, had an
nounced his determination to support the re-election
of Governor Curtin, and would give his reasons in
a public address, attracted a large audience to the
Union League rooms last evening. The grenade
adjoining the house were arranged with chairs and
extemporized into a hall, and the night being ex
tremely beautiful and clear, the efFeet was quite
pleasant and unique. ND. Grund made his cpeeoh
from a temporary platform erected in the southern
end of the hall, About eight; iecabck the meeting
was called to order by'James C. Hand, Esq., who
introduced Mr. Grund to the audience. The orator
was received with loud applause, and after it had
subsided he said
If you have come here to listen to an eloquent
eiscouree, you will be grievously disappointed. I
am not possessed of the power of oratory, and can
only Show my good sense by conflaing myself to the
use of plain language, and by sticking eioseirto my
text. lam a war Democrat. I have been a war De
mocrat-from the hour the rebels attacked Fort
Sumpter, and I shall continue a war Democrat as
long as there is a rebel in arms against the lawful
Government of the Union. When the rebellion first
broke out, I was United States Conant in Havre,
France, and, without having as yet received any in
structions from the State Department in Washing
ton, thought it my duty to refuse clearances for
Southern ports, and to administer to all American
captains who desired to clear for any port whatever,
the oath of allegiance to the Government and flag of
the Union. However glad I might have been to see
the differences between the North and the South set
tled by some honorable compromise—honorable to
both, parties—l felt that, after the first blow had
been struck by the South, the North had no choice
but to appeal to the arbitrament of the sword. These
were the feelings which accompanied me on - my
return home, and which I have cherished ever since.
I was sorry ior what had occurred. -I foresaw the
ruin of the Soutb, if she peratated in her attitude of
hostility to the North, and in her rebellion against
this Goverement. But her political leaders had run
mad, and the great mass of the Southern people, se
custoroed, as they are, blindly to follow their lea
ders, without 'thinking or reasoning for themselves,
had become thoroughly convinced, by thirty years
of hard political preaching, that they were not only
a distinct race, superior to the people of the North,
but that, by separating from the inferior race, they
could at once be launched on a career of- power and
greatness far exceeding the dreams and speculations
of our old-fashioned statesmen. The old axiom'
taught in the Yankee schools, that the whole -ia
'greater than any of its parts, and that the part ie etc
melee-11y smaller than the whole, was so far modi
fied by the Southern imaginative mind, as to make
the Southern part of the Union not only greater;
and more powerful, than the Northern part, but
greater than the whole Union, which was
diminished and curtailed of its fair pre
portions by the fatal introduction of the free
States. Their political economists had taught
them that the North robbed them of forty bales of
cotton out of every hundred they brought to mar
ket ; and what was more natural for them than to
believe that a separation from the North would re
store these forty bales out of each hundred to their
lawful owners increasing to that extent the wealth
and prosperity of the cotton States And they were
encouraged in all these absurd notions by scheming
politiciana in the North, who, feigning to yield a
ready assent to these exaggerations, sousht to ob
tain their suffrages for seinsh and ambitious de-
When, in 1850, after a pause of twenty years, the
old nullification doctrine of Mr. Calhoun was re
vived and dressed up in thn new garb of Secession,
there were numerous PxModential aspirants in the
North bidding for Southern support. Case, Bu
chanan, Pierce, and a hoot of others were anxious
to expi ens their sympathies with the South, the ad
vanced age of Mr. Calhoun rendering it almost cer
tain that he himself would not he a candidate. Cass
would not go further than his Nicholson letter, in
which he avowed the doctrine of non-intervention,
subsequently adopted by Clay and Webster. Buchan
an offered the cornpromiseline of 3S° 30' to the Pacific,
while l'ierce, the smallest of the three, by the promises
he made, personally and through his friends, actually
beat both Cass and Buchanan out of the field. Had
Gen. Cass been nominated and elected in 1852, he would,
in a , 1 probability, have been able to keep his promise to
the South, and to maintain the doctrine of non-mtetvon-
Hon as a lair compromise between the two sections. Bat
Mi. Buchanan, after the passage of the compromise
measures, could no longer hone for the adoption of the
Miss. net tine; while Pierce, after his election to the Preei
dencY. could only show the sincerity of his attaMmeitt
to the Fire-eaters of the South by taking the defeated
treason-plotter, Jefferson Davis, into hie Cabinet, and os
tiacising the leaci inn Union meteliorth and. South, without
whose active co-operation he would have remained 'a
broken-down, obscure politician;in New Hampshire.
Jeff Davis received a worthy coadjutor in the i offinitesi
ma Disunionist, Dobbin. of _berth Carolina, who was
made Secretary of the Navy (Jeff Da via never brooked
a man of decided talent by his side); and thus two of
the meet important branches of the Government were
handed over to men whose hostility to the Union had
become a matter of record. and who,: in the position in
which they were placed, were furnished the means of
=ape] ieg with and corrupting the officers of our army
aim navy.
-
The minciplEs, forming the very hash; of the doctrine
of seceseion. had been openly avowed by Jeff Davis on
the boor of the 'United States Senate. In his speech, de•
.llAered in that body on the 3lst Judy, 1810, he said :
" I well remember, upon another occasion. when one
' State stood arrayed against the power of the Federal
" Government, in the well-known nullification contest,
what was the feeling of the army, Though unwilling
" to refer to myself, yet. as connected with it, 'I w.ll say
"that I was then an officer of the United States army.
"and looked forward to the probability ot being
"ordered to Charleston in the event of actual coin
' sion. Then, sir, much as I valued my commission,
"much as I desired to remain in the army, and diSaP,
"proving as I did of the remedy resorted to, that com
" mission would have been torn to tatters before it
" 'would have been used in civil war with the State of
South Carolina." Having been ready himself to tear
his commission to tatters before he would have, used it
in civil 'war against a rebellious State, nothing sloe
could be expected of him, while Secretary of. War;
than that he should bold up his own example to the
officers of our army, as a model for imitation,
- should the occasion call for a similar sacrifice - of
honor and position. How skilfully he insinuated this
doctrine of bastard State patriotism into the officers of
our army has been shown by the number of resigna
tions which followed the attack on Fort Sampler, and
the promptness with which the rebel army was thus
supplied with able and experienced leaders.
And what had been Jeff Davis' reply rebuked orious
old patriot, Henry Clay. when the latter Rhett
and Ben:riven with their disunion sentiments? I wilt
refresh your memory with the identical words as printed
in the Con greseona I Wolfe, Ist session, 31st Congress,
Let ins first quote the words of Mr. Clay:
"Mr. President," said the glorious old Kentuckian. "I
" said nothing. with respect to the character of err.
. " /hell, for I might as well name him. knew him
'Personally. and have some respect for him. But it' he
"pronounced the sentiments' attributed to him of rat
''sing the standard , of disunion and of resistance to the
"common Government, whatever he has been, if he
"follows up that declaration by corresponding overt
"acts, he will be a traitor. and I hope he will meet the
" fate of atr aitor. " (Here Mr. Clay was interrupted by
great applause in the gallery, which was with diffi
culty suppressed by the chair.) •
Mr. Clay continued:
"Mr. President, I bave heard with pain and regret a con
" llrmatlonef the remark I made,that the sentiment oldie
' union is becoming familiar. 1 hope it is confined to Smith
" Carolina Ido not regard as -my duty what the Sena
" for seems to regard as his. If _Kentucky to-morrow
" unfurls the banner of resistance unjustly, I never will
-
"fight under that banner. I owe a paramount ;Mogi
" anon to the whole. Union—a subordinate one to my
" own State. When my State is right, when it has a
" cause for resistance, when tyranny. and wrong, and
oppression insufferable seise, I will then share her
"fortunes; but if she summons me to the battle-field,
" or to support her in any cause which is unjust to the
" Union; never, never wit I engage with her in such a
" cause."
It seems, from the late election returns of "Couture's',
that these sentiments of harry Clay are still shared be
an immense majority of his countrymen in that noble
and patriotic, old State.'
and now let me give you the reply of Jeff. Davis
• ` I am not one of those," said the treason-plotter of
Micsissippi. in his speech of 3let July. 1810, •who are
likely to be excited b 3 threats of civil war. I believe
" it a phantom of politicians."
The South did net knew tne North then; it scarce
ly knows the North now. Northern politicians
who courted favors With Southern men, Northern ftePi
rants to the. Presidency, who wanted Southern votes,
careffillY concealed from the South tile true elate of pub
lic feeling in the. Northern States, and thus she South
was led into the erroneous belief that the North would
never attempt to coerce them, should they conclude to
raise the standard of disunion. To this extent the De
mocratic leaders- in the North, from more selfishness.
have been Hiders and abettors of the rebellion. though I
am willing to believe that some o them did nor know
then what they were doing. Jeff Davis was evidently
one of those deluded men who wee thus made to believe
that the North would never fight, and he must now hate
act deeptue those Northern Democrats whom he itemises
of deception) and lying, For he said, in the same speech.
from which I hare quoted, 'when speaking of the means
of coercing the Smith:
• Where will yon go for volunteers to engage in-this
" fratern a 1 strife ? Is it you, or you. who will enlist in
''.Eucka war? or who is it? In what State, or county,
' or town,• or r eighborhood, you go to for recruits?
" Yon m nest raise a foreign army ; you mast have a Swiss
" guard, when yen attempt with sword. and bayonet to
enforce your-laws on the citizens of the United States.
"The freeborn - soldiers of our own country would die ,
"dain the task, for they have grown from the 'cradle
with the conviction that this is a confederacy of broth
" ran, which-rests for its authority on the consent. and
" for its support upon the onion and harmony and good
"'will of its mbers.ideThis The.= can never ho pre
" served by force." Did not Mr, Pierce. in this choice
of Jeff Davis, have a true States-right patiiot, and a far
sighted statesman for a secretary of war ? The very man
who, of all 3 other Southern patriots, was - lest qualified
to preside hater the War Department. Jeff Davis, on that
occasion. and on many others. was crammed-ecrammed
by Northern D, Jimmie politicians, crammed by North
ern Democratic aspirants to the Presidency. . Some of
there Northern Democrats never dreamed of keeping
their promises to the South; some of them knew they
were unable to fulfil them, and some of them, no doubt,
were foolish enough to believe that they-would never be
called upon to make them good. This is the way ihe
rebellion was gradually prepared fold matured, and
whether Mr. Lincoln or . any e one else were,
elected President In 1160—a Republican or an un
yielding Dernocrat-ethe drama which had been re- .
liearsed so long was bound te be performed, though
the actors 'were most grieVonsly disappointed in the
hatlientee, g'Sre elements there were in the South.
ewepole t bringing about too fatal crisis In which
we are now involved : self. exa veers tion of. their own
power, and abject contempt for the North, .its industry.'
ite carabilities, its devotion to the national cause, and
its eubstantial valor. The Checks and Romans called
every other nation barbarians, and-boldly marched to
the conquest of the world; but the people of the South
looked upon their own brethren of the North, upon the
'men descended from the , same parent stork, as barba
rians, simply because they have no ; other human". race
under them to prop up their superiority. In sdnport of
what I hero state, let me quote the language of Judge
Tucker, a law professor in thes University .of Virginia. and a gentleman belonging to ono of the oldest families In
-
that ancient commonwealth, used at the Nashville Con
ventien, the forerunner of the M'entrromery Congress.
" The man of Ohio." said the learned judge. " has
notrody below him but his hog, He cannot make the
" bog a,gentleman, and 1 .need not say how the dead
weight of the hog operates' to. dreg - down the coia
''Panion to his level ." VI, -
'Phis is profound reamning, quite worthy of a law I
professor in 'Virginia. The Southern man has the negro
below him, 'while the man in Ohio has nothing below him,
but his hog: erpa 1, the Southern'man le as =whence- -
rior•to the Northern man
"as the negro is to the hog.
A Daniel come to judgment-a second Daniel! For if
this. /earned Judge Tucker is not the ieentical Old
o
lash Tucker," renowned in song and story, he must be`
one bf his near relatives:
"Tut there is, the Queen City, ee they call it," con
tinued the learned Jed ge; in his speech at the Nashville
Convention, showing like a jewel on an Ethirop's ear.
I went ashore there, the other day, air, and verily I
" shonld have thought that, like the queen of the House
".of Breeswiek, she had been imported from Germany:
"for the young prince's in the streets talked hard ty,e ny.
" langnage hitt the German. And therm are the men
"Whose suffrages ate--to give` laws to as; - whose ,
"fathers rescued the tomtit/3 , 'from the domination of a
"Merman prince on the Bhglish throne. I speak harshly,
"
air, / know it. I want to do so. i speak ao it be
.
THREE CENTS.
" comes every Man to speak of the enemies of his conn
" try; for I speak of those who here long waged a, ars
" tematic planetary and cowardly war aga i nst vie
" ginia, env chuntres. But enough of Ohio. There let
" her lie—a foul cesepool—at one time green and stag
" nant, at another stirred up from the bottom by the
" strifes of the reptiles that straggle in its mud, and
" tainting the moral atmosphere with its stench"
With such sentiments, expressed by the prominent
men of the South, what could be more natural fir them
than to consider themselves an overmatch for the " co in
paniona of the hoes " and tho barbarians front the land
of Schiller and Goethe ? Self-exaggeration is the na
tural consequence of the depreciation of others, and one
of the most pernicious results of slavery in its reaction
on the masters. Have We not, in 1550, heard Southern
men, Senators and membeis of Congress, talk of block
ading the mouth of the Mississippi? Did -they not
threaten to conquer California with the view of melting
it a slave State ? Why, the whole South. es far back as
1810, was 4e/fling with war-like sentiments against the
North. and it was with the greatest difficulty that the
Union men of that sectlor, who foresaw the danger
'which threatened their property and the institntion of
slavery, could then prevail against the mad passions for
'secession and renown, mein]] y kindled and inflamed by
the bad and ambitious men who are now leading the
rebellion.
I do net like to detain you with long extracts from the
speeches of the leading disunionlets of them days, hut
our people are so apt to forgot the lessons of the paet, and
those lessons are so useful in their application to the
present and future state of the country, that even at tee
risk of being tedious. I cannot forbear cursorily to allude
to some of them, as illustrative of the situation then
and now. I shall be ae brief as possible.
- Calhoun, though the originator. or rather the ex
pounder of the nullification, doctrine (for it did not Sri-.
ghate with him) sometimes threatened, bet was never
willing to carry out his doctrines by force. Ile was a
compromise man in 1850 as in 18130, holding up disunion
and nullilicatien in terrorem to his opponents in the
North, as a means of °omitting favorable terms, and,
perhaps, power. In hits spe ch of March 4th. MO, whieli
was read in the Senate by Mr. Mason (Mr. Calhoun
heir g then too weak to deliver it), he depicted in lively
colors the injuetice which. in his opinion, was done to
the South. But he din not threaten the North; lie Merely
hinted that it the questions which Witted the two great
sections of the country were not definitely settled dis
union or subjugation would 'be the ultinente conte
quence.
' is a great mistake," said Mr. Calhoun, '" to imp
' pose that disunion can be effected by a single blow.
" The chords which bind these. States together in one
"common Union are far too nnmerons and powerful for
"that. Disunion must be the work of time It is only
•• through a - long process, and successively, that the
"chords,can be snapped, until the whole fabric fails
- -
And, in the Fame speech, When speaking of the man
ner in which the Union may be eared, he said:
Can this be done ? Yes. easily. Ifot'by the weaker
" party, feran, of itself, do nothing—not even pro
" Sect itself ; but by the stronger. The North has Gale
" to will it, to accomplish it; to do justice by conceding
•to the South an equal right in the acquired territory;
"and to do her drily by causing the stipulations rein
" live to the fugitive *levee to be faithfally fulfilled; to
"cease the agit:ition of the slave question, and to pro
vide for the lneertion of a provision in the Con: titn
" flee , . by - an amendment, which will restore to the
" nth in substance the power she possessed of protect
ing herself. before the equilibrium between - the see
" lions was destroyed by tee action of this Government.
"There will be no difficulty in devising such - a provi
"sion; one that will protect the South, and which, at
"the seine time, will improve and strengthen the Go
" eernment instead of impairing and weakening it."
What hfr. Calhoun wanted was a veto pewee for
the Southern States. to set aside such laws of Con
gress as the South might deem injurious to - her
own particular intereets. He hoped to obtain
such a concession from the North, disposed as the
North then was to quiet the agitation. by comptomiee.
'When. on the following day (March Mk, 1810,) Mr.
Henry S Foote expressed his diesent from some of the
views of the great Southern leader, Calhoun, with great
vehemence and indignation, asked: " Did he (Foote)
' • access me of di8212d071 Did be mean- to insinuate
"that?" And, in. the course of explanation, he said :
" If
.I am judged by my acts. I trust I shall ba found to
" be as firm a friend of the Union as any man within it."
Mr. Calhoun, no doubt, appreeiated the strength of
the North. and the weakness of the South; and it cer
tainly never was his purpose to provoke a collision that
must have proved fatal to all his aspirations and helm
and, in his reply to General Cass, on _the 13th of-March
following, Mr. Calhoun again disavowed all thoughts of
DiFll2 ion He expressly stated, in regard to the amend
ment to the Constitution which he considered between
to the restoration of harmony and good feeling
the sections:
"1 must say there has been a stron disposition
"manifested on the part of the honorable Senator
"(air ease) -to nileconetrne my expressions, and
" plain expressions they are. The Senator Faye I asserted
"that a dissolution of the Union would follow
"the admiseiou of Calif:smile. I aid not assert
" that 1 st, ted that it ought Ito be considered a
" test question; but I leave it to my constituents to de
" termine what course they will take. Let the gentle
man give the words 1 - used, and I will stand by them;
"hot he must not expect me to bo responsible for his in
" terpretation of them. Well, in regard to the word
" I did not intend to be understood as asserting
' that the amendment to the Consiitution meet be made
instanter, but that an indication should be given now
"that ouch amendment wculd be agreed to, and let it
" then be carried through the ordinary process."
These demands of 111 r. Calhoun appear reasonable in
comparison with those which are made by his Southern
followers since his death. It has bean justly remarked
by a profound historian that the greatest founders of sys
tems and theories usually have the smallest disciples,
and this has been especially proven by the disciples of
ter. Calhoun, not one of whom has established a rope
- tatton asp profound thinker or logical reasoner. Mr.
Calhoun comp.ained of this during his lifetime, hut in
vain. Alley the death of the crest master,
which oc
culted on the ;wet of March, 1510, there ves no South
ern mind, " clear, riving and quick," as Mr. Web
ster de, cribed the mina of Mr. Calhoun, to carry
oat his views With the tact and forecast of a statesman.
Dieu niee, which he old its terror•em over the North, as'
an u Itien,te coat:Nue:nee., was now preened as a princi
ple of oaten ono defiance at once hurled at the North
ern btates. and the men - who tried to save the Union by
compromise. Jeff Davis became the acknowledged lea
der-of the South, not because lie inherited the- states
manship of the great Southron, but because he had lima
wounded in the heel, (not as Achilles was, who diectin
consequence: Providence reserving him. Probably, for
another death), andhad thus given evidence o that de
termination which is willing to act, without considering
consequences. 'Dispirited by the gallantry of the Colo- :
nel of that famous Mississippi regiment, which, W 8 were
told, lied done all the fighting at the battle of Buena "
Vi ta, the members from Smite Carolina commenced the
attack on the North in the House of Representatives.
On the Sib of. April, only nine days after the death of
Mr. Calhoun, Mr. Wallace, of South Carolina, concluded
a disunion speech in the following language of defiance:
" The destiny of the people of the - South. is in their
" own hands. To make that destiny glorioue they bave
'' but to will it, (Calhoun had said, the South coilld not
even protect itself), '•aed do their duty. It is for, the
" North, and not the South, to tremble at the prospect
" before us, I etand here with the Constitution in my
"bane, unappelled by the threats and. denunciations
"which are Sally fulminated here. All causes too plain
"ly that these are idle bravadoes. desigaed to frighten
"us into subraiseion To these bravadoes I respond
`' only in terms of scorn and defiance. We ask that jus
tice which the Constitution guaranties to us. If this
"be denied, then, without conning the cost, or looking
"to consequences, I (Mt is fervor resistanee to your
' • tyrarmy, at every hazard and to the last extremity.
"The - people of the South know their duty, and wilt do
"it."
hlr. Colcock, another influential member of the Troupe
from South Carolina, foreshadowed disunion in a similar
manner, The thunder of his speech terminated as fol
lows :
ne, I repudiate and reje shouldthe Compromble)
"Weak already, I feel that we become weaker.
"If the Constitution cannot protect us, no compromise
"can. If it be true that 'the world is in arras' against
" ue, then now is the time above all others, when we
" should be firm, united, and resolved. Ito people had
"a higher dnty to perform than we have. I know our
"adversaries calculate upon our • divisions, but they
"are deceived. An inexorable law binds us togs then, and
" ho wever we may differfor a time on queetioue of minor
"importance, we most be united on the ultimate gees
" turn of self-preservation. We never will consent that
"this Government shall destroy our property, and de
"grade us from our equality. Come what may, we
'milt resist this pretension, whatever form It may as
" tome. If you are resolved to make this a question of
"subjugation or separation, we well not hesitate which
" to choose; and if our Union shall ho dissolved, upon
'' you; note pon us, must feat tho reeponaibility. ?'
answereff Davis remained ahead of all of them. In
to Henry S. Foote, who repreeeeted the people
of MissiesiPPi as loyal to the Union;' he said (June
27th. 1850):
"My colleague has truly represented the people of
dits
"slesippi as ardently attached to the Union. I think he
"has not gone beyond the truth when he has placed
"Illissiesippi one oftthe first, if not the first, of the States
"of the Confederation in attachment to it. But, sir,
"even that deep a tmehment and habitual eavereneefor
" the Union, common to us all, even flint it may be
come necessary to try by the tanchatone of rea
son. It Is not impossible that they should tin
" furl the nag of disunion. It is not impossible
" that violations of the Constitution and of their rights
"should drive them to that dread extremity. I feel
"well assured that they will never reach it until it has
"been twice' and three times Justified. If. when thus
"folly warranted, they want a atuadard-bearer, in,
" tilt ofabetter. lam at their eoniniand.
If this was not offering himself as the leader of the
Southern rebellion what language could he have em
ployed to express his readiness to direct the destiny of
the conteratlated Southern Confederacy? Thus far had
the doctrine of resistance to the lawful Government of
the United States already progressed is less than tone
months after the death of Mr. Calhoun! It seems that
the gallant Colonel, who thus modestly offered himself
as chief of the rebellion, was as much mistaken in his
appteciatiou of the character and sentiments of oar
Northern people as he was in regard to the 'European
Powers which were to take up his quarrel, and Inter-
Poen in favor of Southernindependemee. Whatever mili
tary ardor he may have exhibited, his calculations were
certainly not those of a statesman. Calhoun had said
that disunion could only be the work of time; Jeff Davis
attempted to force it at once, and to him must now ap
ply the words of Henry Clay, in regard to Mr. Rhett,
which I have quoted.
When Mr. Meson, the present envoy' of the pseudo
Southern Confederacy, inquired of Mr. Clay whether he
meant that " resistance, made under the authority of
a Slate is no farther to be respected by the authorities
of the United States titan if it were made by a body of
individuals on their own score," Mr. Clay
.promptly
answered No further ; none whatever. These aro
the words printed inlthe Congressional Clam, vol. midi.
part it, page 1,481:
" And in respect to my country." said Mr. Clay. " the
" honorable Senator speaks of Virginia beieg my corm
" try. This Union is nip coularry; the. thirty States'
" are my country. Kentucky is my country, and Vir
" Kiel& no more than any other of the States of this
" Union. She has created, on my part, obligations, and
• • feeling!, and duties toward her in my private charae
• • ter which nothing upon earth could led nce me to for
" felt or violate. But even If it were my own State — if
" my own State, lawlessly, contrary to her duty. should
" raise the standard of disunion against the residue of
• the union, I would go against her. I would go against
" Kentucky 'herself, much as I love her."
In flaerant contrast with this patriotic declaration of
Mr. Clay Is the definition of State allegiance given by
Jeff Davis in the debate on the protest against admitting
California, on the lath of August. 1850:
" 1 repeat." said be. " what I have often said. that I
" do not attempt to infitlellee the opinions of those whom
" 1 rotor ent. acs seek to know and reflect them. lf it
"be a crime to nowledge allegiance to my State as
"superfor to that I owe the General Government, it le
"one which it will not be found difficult to establish ;
"but which, while the Government remains the agent
"of the States, whilst the States themselves shall con
" Untie, it will be lmpoietble to any great extent ever to
`punish. And if the attempt shall be made, then, air,
"disunion and dieunionists will be seen in their tree
"colors, Then the act which destroys the confederacy
"'Fill have been perpetrated."
I need not multiply these extracts to show that there
Vas a settled purpose, on the part of the Southern con
spirators. to break up and destroy this Government, and
that they were de ermined to be dissatisfied. and to pur
sue their disunion schemes no matter what compromise
was offered them by the Union en`of the coantry. They
soy ght the opportunity for treason and reeellion, in
whatever language of humility they , clothed their
wretchedly ambitious designs. While Jeff Davis inade
an ostentation', display of his allegiance to' the State of
Iliesieeippi, and to the South generally pretending to be
led and not to lead, be was openly offering himself ee the
champion of the broodingeebellion; though, when he
found that the fruit was not yet ripe, he cunningly
abndck ad
a o n u d t o n o e f d
th ha tmeld t f o o rGon Qnitmr .n, i whO s i wa i s
beaten for hire.
The efforts of the Dlsunionists in Congress received a
Powerful aid from the Nashville Convention, whose
lue.mbers,pretat dc d to speak for the Whole South and to
dictate to Southern Fenators and Representatives in Con
areas the coerce they were to pursue, and what conces
-BiOMB from the North they were to insist upon as a. condi
tion of their remaining in the Union. The members of
that Convention did not employ the hypocritical huff.
kliegs of Jeff Davie, that they merely carried oat the
Will of their constituents." They boldly set themselves
up as the masters of the people, as the men who were to
instruct, direct, and dispose of the people as became
their superior wisdom and high social elevation. At
Nashville the Disnnionista were at home, among their
friends and supporters, and they could speak and act
without being encumbered with the presence of North
ern men, Hear what ex-Governor Hammond said on
that occasion :
gtMdcie:al has been said as to what they Came here
for. They were not here to trail in the rear or public
"sentiment; they were the leaders of the South—the
," appointed leadors—noi to hunt up publio opinion at
"grog-shops, courts, mills, &c ; but to act, and act
"enseaders. They h been sent here with a gener
confidence, and the high duty was deyolved upon
them to point the way . -to lead the peciple to the way
• of equality and independence."'
Can any one, after this open declaration of sen
, Gal a man as ex-Governor Hammond, ofSouth Co,Carolina
doubt that the rebellion was planned then, .and that the
election of Abraham ,Lincoln ten yeara later had no
wore to do with it than the man in the moon ?° elec
tion merely tarnished them the long-sought-for occasion
—the shallow nretext for carrying out a well-matured
design: The same gentleman (b/r. Hammond) expressed
the true relations between the large slave-owners and
the ordinary white people of - the South ,• in another por
tion of his speech: • ' • '
"A good deal has been said, ' , observed Ur. Hammond,
about what their constituents had sent them here to
do. * * * They were sent here to propose and die
. cuss any measure they thought proper—any measure
"bearing on the rights of the Southernople.
They were the leaders, the appointed le pe aders
"of the South. They were not sent here to
" bunt up at barbecues and court houses what were
" the opinions of this, or that man, to ,adont them ,
" They were sent up here to make up their minds as to
" what is to be done by the South, that they might' go
" home to their constituents and tell them what is to be
" done: The people'ore to do whatever see command
them. They sent ns here as leadere. to. point them to
' the-way of freedom and equality.."li.4.:ylk
This is the way in which the great' 'Mass of the loyal .
people of the South were systematically tedneetl4rona
their allegience to the Union, and PrepaiM fora rise
against tne lawful Government of the United States.
%hey wire drat pergutf,l24, and ieciarli. then arim,
Ir3MILMI 11D17,4861X .I=l.lFLX,EUfflit
autumn WIDIKLY. I
Tun Wes Paris will be seat to sabgeriberi by
mail (per annum in advance) at ........ "44...488 OW
Three copies " $B4
rya copies " " 8 018
Ton copies "' • ••« ......... «18
Lanier Clubs than Tea will b* shamod at the nuni
rate, 81.51) per copy.
The money must always accompany the order, awe
in no instance can these terms be dertatedfrom, as thea
Afford eery little' more than the cost of thepaper.
Xer•rostmasters are requested to set u Amite tag
Tits was. Puma.
Mr• To the getter-up of the Club of ten or Mat?. IS
extra copy of the Paper will be erea • -
commanded, and dragooned into rebellion by their
astute leaders. 'who were in turn the dupes of their own
passions and their insatiable criminal ambition. Now I
do not mean to say that the election of a Democratiat
President in 1560 would not have poetponed
haverbelion, Mr a Democratic l'resident would been
obliged to keep many of the conspirators in °titre, and to
almoint others who might have used their position as
a means of spreading anti fortifying their doctrines
but to say that thereby peace and harmony would. e e
have been permanently secured, is a gross libel
on the human nederstanding. Nor would the
breaking out of the rebellion have been postponed for a
long time. The South felt that the North was advancing
in population, wealth and power, with such rapid
strides that the South had no chance to keep pace with
it; and that the longer the blow was delayed, the lest
hope was there for the conspirators to strike it with ef
fect. Long before eir. Lincoln's name was thought of
for the Presidency, Southern men in Washington de
clared. to their Nort hern friends, that they did not care
whom the North nominated for President; teat the
South was bound to have a candidate of her own, and.
that they would either have him for President or none
at all. They .might have compromised, by way of ex
treme ccnceeslon, on en ulna, pro-stavere candidate
from the North, if they could have found him; but this
would only have been for the purpose of using him for
the advanteraent of their own cause, and not with a
view of cementing and perpetuating the Union. Mr.
Lincoln found the situation made for him, months and
nears before his election to the Presidency, and whether
he was zcoderaee or extreme, conservative or radical.
nothing could have persuaded the leaders of the :hath
to support him or even to remain quiet during his ad
ministration.
What Stall now be done with the rebellion? That's
the question. Is
words and
gentle simpeeminded as to
believe that Raft words and perenasion can bring
the misguided people of themith back to their old alle
giance? Mug net the South first be made to feel that
there is no hope, no chance, no means of eec ruing from
the juet punishment due to their transgressions and
crimes, befere they can be expected to abandon their
self-constituted leaders, and seek once more protection
and safely under the old flag? Not until the rebels are
thoroughly convinced that the phantom of a Southern •
Confederacy in a mere optical delusion; that it has no
reality in time end toace; that their leaden; have do
or reed and cheated them,, and that they are no longer
bele behind fortifications and entrenchments, will they
over consent to lay down their arms and listen to reason
able propotitions of peace. If, as some assert, the South,
v ith few individual exceptions, is a unit on the cabinet
of a eeparate Confedeeacy, then it is treason in every
Northern man, he he Democrat or _Republican, to oppose
the ever. It. on the contrary, there re a Union party at
the entitle overawed by supszlor numbers. and. power
less for all purposes of political organization. then it
would enworse than treason not to come to the aid of
these men, and cowardly to abandon them to the Tin.-
dletivellees of the rebels. In either case--and there /8 no
other third cake possible-is the vigorous prosecution
of the war an imperative necessity and duty, alike
bin die gon the Administration, and on every patriotic
and law-abiding citizen. The President would be re
cream to all hie sacred obligations as Chief Magistrate,
if he did not use
every avattahle meats at his disposal
to increase the number and efficiency of our troupe; and.
the people would be traitors if. uncut the at allow pre
text of pally adhesion:and party obligation, they were
to refuge him the support indiepensable to success. No
honest citizen, w ho loves his country. no man of reflec
tion, who looks into the tnure. can train doubt on that
enleect. Without pros ecutieg this war, and b inning. it
ton eneceseful conclusion, we areadishonored, degra
ded, and divided people-the scorn of despots and the
terror of all nations aspiring to liberty.
lint my Democratic friends tell me this is the proper
time for negotiation. Negotiation with whom? Nego
tiation in regard to what? Can the Government nego
tiate with treitore? Can there be a question as to what
ought to satisfy the Government? The Southern people
most either lay down their arms and return to their old
allegiance, oth ers hey must be brought back by force.
There is no roand-no mezzo /ermine - commit.
ble with. our national exigence. President Lincoln can
not negotiate with the rebel government on any terms.
or listen to any proposition which Jeff Davis. or the
members of his cabinet, might be disposed to make to
m en H e was, therefore. quite right in refusing an
interview to Alexander H. Stephens, the titular Vice
President cf the so-called Southern Confederacy.
Whalever the es'ensible pretext for demanding that In
terview may have been, the real object. no doubt, was
to make an impreseion on Mr. Lincoln's heart, with a
view of disposing him for a peace based on the recomu
gen of Southern iederendence. his. Lincoln preserved.
the Ina dignity of his office in keeping the tempter at a
distance, and in keeping the flag of oar eacree.Union un
stained by any act that could have the appearance of
even a partial momentary and transient waiving of the
supremacy of our Government. Bed President Lincoln
received Mr eteneens as Jeff Davis' agent, the impres
sion would have been created that negotiations unre
pending beers, en the lawful Government of the Gared.
States and the rebel enthoritiee• of the South. which_
would have proved injurious to oar diplomacy in Ha
rope, and which might have gone far to Prop up the
sinking credit of the rebel Government such an indi
rect recognition of the existence of a matter that could.
by any possibility, be made the subject of a treaty be
tween the Government of the United Stet; s and the
Davis Government might have revived the hopes and
entrits of the London and Paris creditors of the. South,
and most, in any event. have inured to the benefit of
the. obbers in the cotton loan.
The lawful Government of the United States has no
more business to receive prepositions front or offer tenets
to the r ebel authorities, than aindge on the bench las to
listen to the proposition of a convict for terms of justice:
and it is indeed strange that those who are continually
prating about 'violations of the Constitution, should have
found fault with Mr. Lincoln for refusing to receive pro
positions, the accep`ance of wi. ich mast have forever de
stroe Ed our Conetitation. and-Government. The Presi
dent of the United States is not only bound to execute
Abs laws, but also to presierve the integrity of the Union_
Where is life tower in the Constitution that enables the
President to alienate a square mile or an acre of the
national territory, much less- to divide it in hale - est
What lige t bae he to compound.. the felony of the rebel
leecers? One Government caft never treat with the
rebels, whether they lay down their arms or not It
can only offer to pardon their transgressions. Treaties
ere acts of sovereignty, presupposing perfect indepen
dence and equality between the high contracting par
ten no matter what actual disparity there may exist
between their respective power, end resources. Equality
between the lawful Government of the United States
and - the extemeorized rebel Government of Jeff Davis
is a logical , absurdity; and if the rebels lay down their
arms or are subdued, what is there to treat about? The
party subdued or conquered has to receive the law ef
the victors; all previous conditions being obliterated by
the war. The only party in the south that can wend for
terms of peace is the Union party, ocpoeett to Jeff Davis,
But, until that party can manifest its loyalty and its
honest desire to come back Into the Union, and lobs ones
more protected by our institutions and: laws, its exist
ence is, at best. but hypothetical. and its growth, if it
exists at all, dependent on the progress of our arms_
We can only increase its numbers- by weakening and
destroying the rebellion; and it is only when the sword
has done its work that we can hope for a general sub
mission, and that the Government itself will be able to
deal with the rebels with. generosity and kindness.
There are, in every civil war, men ready to side wills_
' the triumphant party, either from policy or from neces
sity. As our victorious armies advance, we shall end
103 al mem who will have the courage, or the prudence.
or the eood sense, to submit to our law and to recognize
the authority of our Government Their number wilt
increase as we penetrate into the heart of the rebellion;
and when its lamistrong - h old shall have falleme. unanind- '
ty of sentiment will be produced which may supersede
the necessity of disposing of Jeff Davis. end his coadja
tore ie the week of treason. When the leading traitors
shall be fugitives from the section of country they have
ruined,- then the lime will have arrived for the
Government of the. United States to take the work of
reeonetrnetion in band, and to temper justice with.
mercy. The measures then.: to be adopted to restore
peace and tranquility, and that perfect union which is of
the essence of power, will be considerations of states
mansbip rather than deductions from constitutional.
provisions. The Constittetiou of the United States does
not prescribe the mode in which seceded and I &milieu*.
Stares are lobe brought neck to their lawful allegiance-
The framers of theonstitntion neeeseeelated the,
cave of a rebellicai;VerireesecestittieWbite
for limy met, as lir. Webster said, "To form a Govern
ment." But they defined treason against the Gaited
States, and provided for its punishment Had they in
tended to g ive the States the power of withdrawing from
the Union at their pleasure, they would have described
the mode of exercising that power. • Raving failed to de
so, secession, which alms at the dissolution of the Go
verment, is troteon, and the Government meet proceed_
against the traitors as every other Government proceeds
arainst those who aim at its destruction. This follows
from the principle of self-preservation . , from which no
Government can depart without perish ing,
This centinent, as lerge_as it is, ie too small for two ro
utes l er
w h o a u s4his a d v i e vie e m e n n
I; ° e r e e o l u e ' r 6. f:r an- ke y e would an,Va C r a - -
thage to co-exist, than fir the Nettle and the South to
live under two separate Governments. What endless
difficulties we should have to settle! What ceaseless
border - wars would be the consequences of our disagree
ments Bow many death• struggles we shoad have to
go through, till one or the other party should
again 'be in rosseesion of nudisreated power Offer
the whole country! And if the example of the first
oivision should lead -to the formation of three
or four repnblicsebased merely on geographical divisions.
how long would it be before each state mould have its
separate government?-And would peace be established
then?.By no means. Would the great State of Penn
sylvania continue on terms of equality and fraternity
with the little State of Delaware? Wonld the Empire
State be willing to divide honors with New Jersey or
with little Rhode Island?.How long . before a raaa of
superior genius would arise in one of those States. and
atlellCT/ the conquest and subjugation of the other
Statet ? 'What alliances., offensive and defensive, would
e formed between the different groups of States? and
list wars would ensue until. the "balance of power"
be Meat ost to the eatisfaction of all concerned? Front
what -we know of the Italian republics of the middle
ages, and of Germany gem the paste of Westphalia, it
is not extravagant to appose that it would require at
least two centuries to arrive at a tolerable condition of
peace. order. and security to all parties. And what field
would there be opened to European drplom ace - ! Bow busy"
the agents of France, England, and Spain would be to set
the different States by the °armee as to prevent the mean
structien of any considerable confederacy which could
take rank among the leading rowers of the world: est*
the Monroe doctrine, it would be laughed to scorn; Bare
peen influence would be felt everywhere; while the
proud title of "emer can" 'would disappear or be - sunk _
Wien ehtiVarlall, loevan, 'Missourian, Illinoisan.
which would remind men more of Indian
tribes belief the people of our once great and glorious
republic.
The men who now talk of peace, without having first
subdued the rebellion, are either totally blind to all the
natural and unavoidable consequences of separation, or
they are knaves who try to deceive and cheat son ant
of your bit threats. They are. at this crisis, the worst
enemienof th e country, and deserve the reprobation and
conteroptof the Whole nation- And what shall be said
of those 'who would deprive the Government of the
Means, voted by Congrese to carry on the war and to re
duce the rebellions States to subjection ? By what name
,ball we designate these who would put obstacles in then
way of recruiting our army and navy, now that a com
plete and &nal victory is within our grasp? This Is not
the raiment to split hairs on the constitutional power of
Cons ress to pass Bove for the common safety, in a par
ticular form, and agreeable to established precedents.
We live in extraordinary times -'Our lives, our honor,
our national existence are in danger, and we must met
the, means at our disposal as hest we can to avert the at
lanrities with which we are threatened. Extraordinary
diseases require extraordinary remedies. When a man
ie dangerously ill, we Must first restore him to physical
ht altb, before we can set about to improve his mind or
mend his morale.
. The peace party tell me that if we let the Southern
States go now they will come back to nein d ne time, and
the reunion will then be accompanied by fraternal feel-
Inge. I pity those who are so deluded as to believe in
the poSaibility of such an event, and I despise those who
affect to believe it, 'when they know the contrary. The
union, once dissolved. will never be restored. There
are a thousand causes which would militate against it,
independent of the intrigues of European diplomacy, asd
the ambition of political leaders. We have no alterna
tive but to conquer the Smith, or be the most abject and
degraded nation on earth. Were we to recognize the &l
called Southern Confederacy, we would not only sur
render the present and future, but also the past. Tha
South would claim Washington, Jefferson, Madison,
Jackson as her own. Hers would be the early glory of
our history: ours the shame of having parted with our
common inheritance to secure the wretched advantage:
cf en ignominious peace. without hope-and without se
curity. :Whither could a citizen of the Northern States
go without feeling disgraced :In the eyes of honorable
it en? What respect would, be paid to our diplomatic
and commercial agent. abroad? With what feelings
would our ministers to foreign Courts meet the envoys
extraordinary and ministers plenipotentiary of the
Southern Confederacy? What endless mortifies:floras
would be in store for all who should venture to step be
yond the threshold of their own homes!
rd as to the material advantag t are t se
cured by such a peace; Where are, they? Does any : one
suppose that the South, once permanently separated from
the North, Would consent to tbe re- establieben commercial relations as they existed before the rebel
lion? Does any one believe that the South. once at
liberty to shape her own commercial policy, would again.
become tributary to our Northern produce dealers and.
menufactnrers? Was net the tariff one of the grievances
cf which the South complained, and which South Caro
lina attempted to nullify? Let the South be independent
to- monew, and in less than three months she will have
comcluded commercial reciprocity treaties with England.
France: and Spain. which 'will nor only virtually exclude
our trade from her ports, but make it the interest of those
Towers to aid and protect her in her future difference,:
with the Northern States. and these differences would.
be numerous and constant, and provoke fresh hostilities,
and involve us not only in endless wars with the Smith,
but with her friends and allies. Is not the South trying
her best to secure even now the co-operation of European
Powers? and do we not know that the Governments o f
Franca and Eng 1,4,0, sympathize with her, and are ealy
prevested from signalizing that sympathy in some overt
act, by the prestige acquired by our 'gallant army and.
navy ? Let that prestige depao t from ns, and all is lost,
now and forever!
The Union cannot now be saved by nice points of law,
or e s metaphysical disquisitions, - These we shall have
afterwards. We now want soldiers and sailors to pat
an end to the civil 'war which consumes our strength.
ni d wastes our national resources. We must crush the
es envies of our Union' with an overwhelming force. and.
we must do it speedily. There is danger in every hour
of delay, and. in every moment of doubt and hesitation.
If soldiers cannot be obtained by voluntary enlistments,
thee must be procured by draft:however distasteful that
smile of raising an army may be to many of our citizens:
it is a sacrifice the people must make to their liberal in
etitntions, 'which cannot be preserved without it- It is
better to raise three hundred thousand men now, than a
millions year hence. The backbone of the rebellion is
broken; the navigation of the Mississippi is open the
w hole way from Si. Louis to New Orleans•, Charleston is
sure to fall: Says nnah and Mobile mustfollow; and witk
the taking of Richmond, that.whiele Portended - to be a
revolution will be redeced'iO the proportion of a mere
n ob-rests tance to the lawful authorities 'of the land. The
war will be substaetially at an end, for the guerilla war
fare with which the South 'would threatenus can only be
carried on by deeperadoes andontlaWs; whose depreda
tions tall heaviest on those whose cause they esponsa If
there be no natural stronghold, no fortified place. no in—
accessible mountains, no impenetrable forest to which
bands may retreat in safety, after being beaten.
and dispersed by regular troops, their. career is 80011 ran.
A few movable columns, properly officered and direct
ed. Will vaitte tp glite the galetus to their exploit*, We