ITE CASE OF 11.118011 AND seloki." rg
MR. sxwAnD TO MU. ADAMS—EXTRACT.
DGYASTMENT OF STATE,
Wcvaington, Noventher 30, 1881.
CMADLES FRANCIS ADAMS, Esq., &0., &c., &c.
Sin: Your oonfiiloutl4,,note.of 16th of
November, not tattlietilils dedikebh, has
boon submitted to the President, and I hasten
to reply to it in tiroo for the Wednesday's
No Minister ever spoke or acted more wisely
in a crisis whloh excited deeply public solici
tude than you did on the occasion of the Lord
Mayor'et dinner; Wenret a lturtessed very fav 7
orabry 'l4 Lord Palmerston's conversation
with yon. You apoko the simple fact whon
you told Min that tho life of this insurrection
sustained by its hopes of recognition in
Groat Britain and in France. It would per
ish in ninety d 443 if those hopes should cease.
havetnifey Itiolitegt 1F41:44Ut
a recognillon oou d tultepldoe wifftott pranc
ing immediatly a war between the United •
States and all the recognising Powers. I
have not supposed it possible that the British
Government could fail to sae this ; and at the
same time I have itingprelx belimeol„gto..Br,itt- n
ish Goverbrnent4uenlitOis 'Walk focl:
as avorso from such a war as I know this Gov
ern wont is.
I am sure that this Government has care
fully avoided giving any cause of offouco or
Irritation to Great Britain. But it has seemed
to rue that the British Government has been
inattoqivo t 9 tb,Lour. sum otl.to
brieglng ilurtwitztro/drebillldorEßL•7lr
. I i nfer from Lord Palmerston's remark that
bt
. the British Government is now awake to the
Importance of averting possible conflict, and
disposed to confer and act with earnestness to
that end. If so, we aro disposed to meet them
113 the same spirit, as a nation ohiefl of Brit
ish lineage, sentimenttl, fiinti747n.thies—a
it
civilised and humane nation, a hristian
people.
Since that conversation was held Captain
Wilkes, in the steamer San Jacinto, has board
ed a British colonial steamer and taken from
her deck two insurgents whe were proceeding
to Europ;i o oze an eirand'4 (*sun against '..,
their owl °wintry. This is! anieirineidoot,
unknown to and unforeseen, at least in its
nireumetarmes by Lord Palmerston. It is to
be met and disposed of by the two Govern
ments, if possible, in the spirit •to which I
have adverted. Lord Lyons has prudently
refrained from opening the subject to me, as
I presume waiting instructions from house.
We have done nothing on the subject to anti
cipate the discussion ; and we have not furn
ished you with any explanations. We adhere
to that coarse now, because we think it more
prudent that the ground taken by the British
Government should be first made known to us
bore; and that the disoussion,^lf there must...
be one, shall b.) had here. ' It is proper; Wow
-
ever, that you should know ono taut in the
case without indicating that we attach impor
tance to it, namely, that, in the capture of
Messrs. Mason and, Slidell on beacti a , Br,i tisk.,
vessel, Captain Wilke's laiing 'noted' Withillit
any instructions from the Government, the
subject is therefore free from the embarrass
ment which might have resulted if the not had
been.speoially directed hy,ulk.; •• , • ,
t ttuit - ' that the Britlik - 'oisveriiinerit Will '
oonsider the subject In a friendly temper, nod
it may expect the best disposition on the part
of this Government.
Although this is a confidential note, ',shall
not objoat to your readleig it td EarPitusiell
and Lord Palmerston if you deem it expedi
ent.
I am, air, your obediont servant,
Itifituax H.
• - • " t
EARL RUSSELL TO LORD LYONS.
FOREIGN OFFICE, Nov. 80, 1801.
The Lord Lyons, K. 0. 8., Sm.,
BIN LORD: Intelligence of a very grave na
tu re has reached her Majesty's Government.
This intelligence was couveyqd officially to
the knowledge of dia . -A:Cara:ly* 4:lomman
der Williams, agent for mails on board the
contract steamer Trent.
It appears from the letter of Comman
der Williams, dated "Royal Mall Contract
Packet Trent, at sea, November 9th," that
the Trent left Havana on the,. 7,th ,instant,
with her Majesty's Mailsforlinglind; hiving
on board numerous passengers. Commander
Williams states that shortly after noon en the
Sth, a steamer having the appearance of a
Man-of-war, and not showing colors, was
observed ahead. On nearing her at 1:15 p.
in., she fired a round shot from her pivot gun
across the flames of: the ! Trent ) and, showed
American -4 etifore.. W.Liile 'AO ; Trent. iv as sii=
proaching her slowly the American vessel
discharged a shell across the bows of
the Trent, exploding half a cable's
length ahead of her. The Trent then
stopped, and an officer, with a large
armed guard of marines, boarded her. The
officer demanded; 'a list' of the' passengers,;
and, compliance with this demand being re
fused, the officer said he had orders to arrest
Messrs. Mason, Slidell, McFarlane and Eus
tis, and that ho had sure information of their
being passengers in the Treat. While some
parley was going on upon this matter, Mr.
Slidell stepped forward and tolit gie , American
officer that the four persotai 'h'e ;had named
were then standing before him. The awn
mender of the Trent and Commander Williams
protested against the act of taking by for'
out of the Trent these four passengers, then
under the protection of the British nag. But
the "San je.ainto" was at that time only two
hundred yards from the "Trent," her ships's
company:at gni'. tills,iYd ports epek and to iittir
pions 063: 4 Reibitittide eriiii there to' but of
the question, and the four gentlemen before
named were forcibly taken out of the ship.
A further demand was made that the eumand
or of the Trent should proceed on board the
San Jacinto, but he said he would sot go un
less forcibly compelled likewiae, and this de
mand was not insisted tqlon-:..
It thus appears that certain individuals
have been forcibly taken from on board a
British vessel, the ebip of a neutral Power,
while such vessel was pursuing a lawful and
innocent voyage—an act of violence which
was an affront fdtjle Britiskfidgpiika viola
tion of international fan.
Iler Majesty's Government, bearing in mind
the friendly relations .which have long sub
doted botween Great Britain and the United
Mates, are willing to 'believe that the United
ates naval officer whe committed the eg
ression was not aiding, In compliance with
any autlithilbt jeoKlifs slealamear, thXt
if he conceiVed hihaielf to IreirauthStiaed he
greatly misunderstood the instructions which
he had received. For the Government of the
United States must bo fully aware that the
British Government could net allow such an
affront to the national honor to pass without
full reparation, and her,hAjejty's Gogorn meat
are unwilling to believe tha t it codliAt the
deliberate intention of the Government of the
United States unnecessarily to, form Onto dis
cussion, between the two GdWintni r itifs;''a
question of so grave a character, and with
regard to which the whole British nation
would be sure to entertain midi .unattiutityfON
feeling.
ller Majesty's Government, therefore, trust
that when Aids matter shall hive. been, lortiughka
under the consideration of the Government , of
the United States that Government will, of its
own accord, offer to the British Government
such redress as alone could satisfy the British"
nation, namely, the liberation of the four gen-
Holman and their delivery to .your lordship, in
°Mei that they may again be' placed 'tinder
British protection, and a suitable apology for
he aggression which has been committed.
Should these terms not be offered by Mr.
Seward you will propose them to him.
You are at liberty to road this dispatch to
the Secretary of State, and, if he shall desire
it, you, will give him a copy of it.
' 4ra tamiii a
0.,
YB. BsVila. To LORD LYONS.
DRI.STMEET OR STATE,
Waliaingioli; December 26, 1861;
The Bil/ht 'Honorable ,Apn4..firitg, ,Cc., the.
MY Loan: Earl Russell's dispatches of
Noyemberthe 30th, a tiopmg ,W,hkoh, you have
left with me at my request, is of following
effect, namely
That a letter of CominUnddillVilliants, dated
Royal Mall Contract Paoket-boat Trent, at
sea, Noveraber 11th', states thiinfistOteilitsbl left
Havana on the 7th of November, with her
Majesty's minis for England; liatolion board
numerous passengers. Shortly after noon, on
the Bth of November, the • United StAtesovar.
steamer San Jacinto, Captain Wilkes, not
showing colors, was observed
steamer, on being neared by the Trent, at one
o'clock fifteen minutes in the afternoon, trod
a round shot from a pivot gun across her bows,
and showed American colors. While the
Trent wap r appfoaokring
San Jaeldt4shedtlidhergatl'etaliegeier 4 0 1
Treat's bows, which exploded half aea to s
length before her. The Trent then
stopped, and an officer with a large
armed guard of marines boarded her.
Ttia, officer said , he had orders to
arrest Messrs. Mason, Slidell, Maarten ad
Eustis, and bad sure information that they were
passengers in the Trent. While some parley
was &Ong on upon this matter, Mr t ,blidell
steppicd 'forward and'said to 'the' 'AuteriNiall e '''
officer that the four persons he had named
were standing before him. The Conamar, ,
of the Trent and Commander Williams pro-
tested against the act of taking those four
Passengers out of the Trent, they then being
under the protection of the British flag. But.
the San jaeinto was at this time onlAfyied
hundred yards distant, her ship's company a
quarters, her ports open and tompions out,
and so resistance was out of the question.
The four persons before named were then
forcibly taken out of the ship. A further de
mand was made that the Commander of the
Treht thenliltirote)ed,diklb6ard: the Saulttolur' — ',
to, but he said he would not go unless fol4lBty
compelled likewise, and this demand was not
insisted upon.
Upon this statement Earl Russell remarks
that it time, anpatig,,hatg,grt individuals
have beeld.lbreiftliktikeLeg
British vessel, the ship of a neutral power,
while that vessel was pursuing a lawful and
innocent voyage, an act of violence which was
an af f ront to the British flag and a violation
of intirattipnal l law l .
Edd , itical - negt,..eiiis that her Majesty's
dinverntnent.baarijsg in mild the friendly re--yr,
inliorfir whfEh have long sub - :Attend Initwefen
.
Groat Britain and the United States, are - will- -
log to believe that the naval officer who coin- ,
witted this aggressionlres not acting innom
plianec with anr'nuthority ; from his Govern
ment, or that, if he aondeivett ligtnself to be se
authorized, he greatly' inisutidelstood the in-
etructious which, ha had received. . .
Earl leussell.argues that the Unitcd'Skee,
must be hilly aware that the British Goilitia
.
tzient could not allow such an affront to the,
national:honor to pass without full reparation,
and they are willing to believe that it could
not be the deliberate-intention ; of ? the.,Govern-,,
merit of the United Statei,unitecesatirily . to
force into discussion between the two Govern
ments a question of so grave a character, and
with reord to which the whole British nation
would be sure to entertain such unanimity of
feeling.
Earl :Russell, resting upon the statement
and the argument which I have thus recited,
closes with saying that her liiejesty's Govern
ment trust that when this matter shall have
been brought under the consideration of the
GovernMent of the United States, it 'will, of
its own accord, offer to the British Govern
ment such redress as alone ennid satisfy the
British nation, namely, the liberation of the
four prisoners taken from the Trent, and tbeir
delivery . to your lordship, in order that they
may again be plaoed under British protection,
and a suitable apology for the aggression
which has been committed. Earl, Russell
finally instructs you to propose those terms to
use, if I should not first offer them on the part
of the Government.
This dispatch has beea , submitted to the
..-4"resideist.
The British - GOvernment has rightly con
jectured, whit Wis•now my duty Ai) state,
that Capt. Wilkes, in conceiving and execu
ting the proceeding in question, acted upon
his own suggestions of duty, without any
direction or instruction, or even foreknowl
edge of it on the part of this Government. No
directions had been given to him, or any other
naval officer : to arrest the four persons named,
or any of them, on the Trent, or on any other
British vessel, or on any other neutral vessel,
Kt - the place whore it occurred, or elsewhere.
The British Government will justly infer from
these facts that the United States not only
have had no purpose, but even no thought, of
forcing into discussion the question which has
arisen, or any other Which could affect in any
way the 'sensibilities of the British nation.
It is true that a round shot was fired by the
Ban Jacinto, from her pivot gun, when the
Treat was distantly approaching. But, as
the facts have been reported to this Govern
ment, the shot was nevertheless intentionally
tired in a direction so obviously divergent
from the course of the Trent as to be quite as
harmless as a blank shot, while it should bo
regarded us a signal. .
Su also we learn that the Trent was not
approaching the San Jacinto slowly when the
shell was tired across her bows, but, on the
contrary ? the Trent was, or seemed to he,
moving under a full head of steam, as if with
a purpose to pass the San Jacinto.
IVe are informed also that the boarding
officer (Lieut. Fairfax) did . not board tho
Trent with a large armed guard, but ho left
his marines in his boats when he entered the
Trent. Ile stated his instructions from Capt.
WiHtes to search for the four persons named,
in a respectful and courteous though decided
manner, and he asked the captain of the Trent
to show his passenger list, which was refused.
The lieutenant, as wo are informed, did not
employ absolute force in transferring the pas
sengers,'but he used just so much as was
necessary to satisfy the parties concerned that
refusal or resistance would be unavailing.
So, also. we are informed that the Captain
of the Trent was not at any time or in any
=I
way required to go on board the San Jacinto.
These modifications of the case as liresented
by Commander Williams are based upon our
official reports.
I have now to remind your lordship of
some facts which doubtlessly were omitted by
Earl Russell, with the very proper and be-
coming motive of allowing them to be brought
into the case, on the part of the United States,
in the way most satisfactory to this Govern
ment. These facts are, that at .the -time the
transaction occurred an insurrection was ox-
isting in the United States which this Gov
ernment was engaged in suppressing by the
employment of land and naval forces; that
in regard to this dou2estio strife the United
States considered Great Britain as a friendly
Power, while she had assumed for herself the
attitude of a neutral; and that Spain was
considered in the same light, and had assumed
the same attitude as Great Britain
It had been settled by correspondence that
the United States and Great Britain mutually
recognised as applicable to this local strife
these two articles of the declaration made by
the Congress of Paris in 1858, namely, that
the neutral or friendly flag should cover ene
my's goods not contraband of war, and that
neutral goods not contraband of war are not
liable to capture under an enemy's flag. These
exceptions of contraband from favor were a
negative acceptance by the parties of the rule
hitherto every whore recognized as a part of
the Jaw of natlobs, that whatever Is eontra
band is liable to capture and confiscation in
all oases.
James M. Mason and F. J. McFarland are
citizens of.the United States and residents of
Virginia. John Slidell and George Eustis
are citizens of the United States and residents
of Louisiana. .It was well known at Havana
when these parties embarked in the Trent,
that James M. Mason was prooeedingto Eng
land in the affected character of a Minister
Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James,
under a pretended 00133MiSSi011 from Jefferson
Davis, who had assumed to be President of
the insurrectionary party in the United
States, and B. J. McFarland was going with
him in a like unreal character of Secretary .
of Legation to the pretended mission. John
Slidell, in similar circumstances, was going to
Paris as a pretended Ministeito the Emperor
of the French, ,and George .Eustis will-the
chosen Secretary of Legation for that simula
ted mission. The fact that these persons
had assumed such diameters has been since
&yawed by thy same Jefferson Davis in a
pretended message to an unlawful and instil.-
reetionary Congress. It was, as we think,
rightly presumed that these Ministers bore
pretended credentials and instructions, and
such papers are in the law known as die . -
patches. We aro.informed by our Consul at
Paris that these dispatches, having escaped .
the search of the Trent, were actually con
veyed and delivered to emissaries of the in-.
surrootibit in England.. 'Although it is hot
essential, yet it is proper to state, as I do .
also upon information • and belief, that the
owner and agent, and 'all the officers of the
Trent, including the Commander Williams,
had knowledge of the assumed characters and
purposes of the persons• before named when
they embarked on that vessel.
Your lordship will now perceive Ahat the
ease beforitousOnstead of presenting.a merely -
liagrinficref - violence on thepatTof baptain
Wilkos,-as -might well be inferred from the in
complete statement of it that went up to the
British Goverardent, was undertaken as a •
simple, legal and onstomary belligerent pro
ceeding by CaptaihiWilkes to arrest:lod cap
ture a neutral vessel engaged in carrying con
traband of war for the use and benefit of the
.insurgents. •
The question before us is, whetherthis pro-
needing was authorized , by and conducted an
eetirliiig to the law of. nations. It involves
kinvfollowing inquiries :..• . . •
let. Were the persons named and their sup
.posed dispatches contraband of war?
.2a., hiight Captain Wilkes lawfully stop
and aearch the Trent for thoie contraband per
sons and dispatches?
.34. ..Did he exercise that right in n lawful
and proper manner?
4th. Having found the contraband persons
on board. and in presumed possession ,of the
contraband dispatches, had he a right to cap
tureA the'persons ?
Gth.' Dia he,.e.io'rcise that right of capture
.in the manner allowed and recognized by the
law of nations?
If all these inquiries 5 ball be resolved in
' Eiarirniiiiiie. this British Governnient wjU
Ross ELL
„. hit.ls no claim for:reparation.
''”
'' I - address myself• to the first inquiry, name- .
ly, were the four persons mentioned, and their '
.
supposed dispatches,, Contraband? ' .
Maritime law sodeals,generally as its pro
.
pro
' 'lessors say, its rem, thalds, with:property, and
so seldom with persons, that it seems a strain
ing
of the term coritrabanit &apply it to them.
But persons, as well.as propiii:ty,,may become
contraband, since : the word' lateen, broadly,
"contrary to prooleinationipAibitediillegat,
- unlawful."
All writers and judges pronounce naval or
mllitarrpersons in the service of the enemy
contraband. Vattel says war allows us to'cist
off from an enemy all his resources, and to
hinder,liim from sending, ministers to selicit
assistance. And Sir William Scott says you
may stop the ambassador of your enemy on . '
his passage. Despatches are not loss olearly.,„
contraband, and the bearers or courierW vitio - '
undertalre-te,earry them fall under .the same ,
eindemnition. .
~
'A suktlety,,litight be raised whether preten- r ,
did Ministers of an usurping Dower, not: rei:-
ogiiiieit as "hi s iiiPhy either the belligerent - or
, the neutral, could be held to be contraband.
Nit it would disappear on being subjeoteWto, ':
what is the true test in all cases—namely,
the ~,sp,:sit., of tWawk Sir-'William Acett, ",
speaking of civil magistrates who were arrest
ed and detained as loontrand, says : ,
1"It appears' teiniP oti 3 principle to be .but. , ,
reasonable that when it 's, of., sufficient iinpor=.- ''
taupe to the (sneer thiLesneh persons Shall
hd makout 'on the public...service at the.pub,:. ~.
BO expense, it should afford equal ground,of ';
forfeiture against the vessel that may be let
out for a purpose so intimately connected with
the heatile Operations."
I trust that I have,shown,, that the four
persons who''Were 'Wad from the Trent 'by
Captaire-Wilke,s, ,andrtheirftrinOes, :were
r contrail - Wei' war. '
' 'The secarld inquiry is,iiliether:daptiVilikes. :
had a. right, by the law of ..,qationay to detain
and search the Trent? ~
!The,Trent r though she!ditiried mails,mase a
contract or merchant veasel,...a common ear
riiii., fqriairpsiiiar4inie l leivtknitweionly three ..a
otiose, Nitliviinielso-areesele Ilifef Ortr, - lreienuallt
vessels, and Merchant ~vueselsk . ,The,, Trent. ..,.
falls within the datter elasii..,Npifiterr, (31 . 8:-
,;
P telielyl.MeAte.4,oo9c,erqing 9, right o i f'yill-,.
t tilzu a , searen'iii itniedf fititiee,',none, it' is
a Pnat, 11 4 3 d 43.13.t# iNmo4?ry.lll 'Ograt, , .
1
"tk
y - t r u i r g e lik. Ill 'aoltratial er ft. ".6 ri l ett n* t e xt e an °f 'd wa ;vel ''
PRESBYTERIAN . 'BANNER,'SATUR - DAVIINNIM f :.18032.
friendly merchant vessels, and of the right of •
visitation and search, in order to determine
whether theyare neutral, and are,documented
as snob aecordini to the lawcfaitions.
itssume; in the present case, what, es I
reselliitish authorities, in regarded by-Great
-.Britain herself es true maritime law ; that the
cireamtitance that ti the Trent was pro ce eding
,
',frown neutral port' to another neutral 'port
!does iioe modify the right of the belligerent
ea tor. •
.The third question is. whether Capt. Wilkes
_ , .
exercised the right of search in a lawful and
' prepor?_;• • '.• r
If anl , todlit bung over this point, is .the
case was presented in the statement of it
adopted by . the British' Government, I think
it must have already passed'aWay before the
modifications of that statement,which I have
alreadyatubmitted. .
I 'proceed to the loath :
Having found the suspeitird'onittrabsitid` of
war on board the Trent, had Capt. Wilkes a
right to capture the same?
Such a capture is the chief if not the only
recognised object of the permitted visitation
and search. The principle of the law is, that
the belligerent exposed to danger may prevent
the contraband persons or things from apply
ing themselves or being applied to the hostile
uses or purposes designed. The law is so
very liberal in this respect that when contra
band is found on beard a neutral vessel, not only
is the contraband forfeited,but the vessel,w hioh
is the vehicle of its passage or transportation,
being tainted, also becomes contraband, and is
subjected to capture and confiscation.
Only the fifth question remains, namely :
Did Captain Wilkes exercise the right of cap 7
taring the oontraband iu conformity with. the
law of nations?
It is just, hero that the difficulties of the
. case begin. What is the manner which the
law of nations prescribes for disposing of the
contraband When you have found and seized
it on board of the neutral vessel? The an
swer would be easily found if the question
. were what you shall do with the contraband
vessel. You must take and send her into a
convenient port, and subject her to a judicial
prosecution there in admiralty, which will
try and decide the questions of belligerency,
neutrality, contraband and capture. So,
again you would promptly find the seine an
, ,swer if the question wore, What is the man
ner of proceeding prescribed by the law of
'n'ati'ons in regard to the contraband if it be
property or things of material or pecuniary
value?
But the question here concerns the mode of
'procedure in regard, not to the vessel that was
carrying the Contraband, nor yet' to contra
liand things which worked the forfeiture of
the vessel, but to contraband persons.
The books of law-are dunib. Yet the ques j l
-
tion is as important as it is difficult. First,
the belligerent captor has a right to prevent
the contraband officer, soldier, sailor, minis-
ter, messenger, or courier from proceeding in
his unlawful voyage and reaching the destined
scene of his injurious service. But, on the
other band, the;person captured may be tune--
cent—that is, he may not be contraband. He,
therefore, has a right to a fair trial of the ac
cusation against him. The neutral State that
has taken him under its flag, is bound to pro
tect him if he is not contraband, and is there. ,
fore entitled to be satisfied upon that import- .
ant question. The faith of that State is
pledged to his . sefety, if innocent , as its jus
tice is pledged to his surrendei if he is really
contraband. Here are conflicting claims, in
volving personal liberty, life, honor, and duty.
Here are conflicting national claims, involving
welfare, safety, honor, and empire. They re
quire a tribunal and a trial. The captors and
the captured are equals ; the neutral and the
belligerent States are equals.
While the law authorities wore found silent,
it was suggested at an early day by this Gov
ernment that yea should take the captured
persons into a convenient port and institute
judicial proceedings there to try the contro
versy. But only oourta of admiralty have
jurisdiction in maritime cases, and these courts
have formulas to try only claims to contraband
chattles, but none to try claims concerning
contraband persons. The courts can enter
tain no proceedings and reader no judgment
in favor of or against the alleged contraband
men.
It was replied all this is true ; but you can
roach in those courts a decision which will
have the moral weight of ajudicial one by a
circuitous proceeding. Convey the suspected
men, together with the suspected vessel, into
port, and try there the question whether the
vessel is contraband. You can prove it to be
so by proving the suspected men to 'be contra
band, and-the court must then determine the
vessel to be contraband. If the men are not
contraband the vessel will escape condemna
tion. Still there is no judgment for or against
the captured parsons. But it was assumed
that there would result from the determion
tien of the court concerning the vessel a legal
certainty concerning the character of the
men.
This course of proceeding seemed open to
many objeotions. It elevates the incidental
inferior private interest into the proper place
of the main paramount public one, and possi
bly
it may make the fortunes, the safety, or
the existence of a nation depend on the ao
. , ,
eidenti'of a merely personal and peatiniary
litigation. Moreover, when the judgment of
the prize court upon 'the lawfulness . of the
capture of the vessel is rendered, it really con
eludes
„.
nothing, and binds.'neither • the belli
gerent State nor the neutral upon the great
question to be made of the captured contra-,
band persons.' That question is still to be
really determined, if stall, by diplomatic ar
•
rangoment or by war :
One may well express his surprise when
told that the law of nations has furnished no •
more reasonable practical and perfect mode '
than this of determining questions of such
grave im port between sovereign Powers. The
regret we may feel on the occasion is never
theless modified by the reflection that the
difficulty is not altogether anomalous.. Sim-.
ilar and equal deficiencies, are found in every
system of municipal law, especially in the
system which exists in the greater portions
of Great Britain and the United States- The
title to personal property can hardly riser be
resolved by a court without resorting to the
fiction "that the claimant has lost• and the
• passessor has found it, and the title to real,
estate is disputed by real litigants under the
Eames of imaginary, persons.' It must be con
feared, however, that while all aggrieved
ikons demand, and all impartial ones concede,
the need of some form in judicial process 'in
determining the characters ofeontrab ad per
sons, no other .form than the illogical and '
circuitous ono thus described exists, nor has
any other yet been suggested. Practically,
therefore, the choice is'between that judicial
f remedy or no judicial remedy whatever...,
If there bo no judicial remedy, the reeldtiis
that the question must be , determined by the
4captor himself, on the deck of the prize ves
dcL
Very grave objections arise against mush
ea course. The capter its armed, the neutral
Xis unarmed. The captor is ioterested, preju ;
diced, and perhaps violent ; the neutral, if
truly neutral, is disipterested, subdued, t end
helpless. The tribunal is iiresponeible, while
its. judguientltnohvitid lOW instant ..qxemitionrs !.*
The captured paiTY is compelled to Ittibmit,
though bound by no legal,'moral, 'or treaty
obligation,to acquiesce.. Reparation IS . dis
tant and problematical; and - depends"at hist
on the justice, magnanimity, or weakness of,
the. State in whose behalf and by. whose.,
authority the capture wits made. Oat of these
disputes reprisals and Ware necessarily arise, •,
arid these nre,.llo frequent and destructive that
'Limey well lie tfoubted Whether Lila form of
: remedy is not a greater social evil than all
that could follow if the
. belligertint right ,of
search were universally dineuriced 'and- 4W:d
ished forever. But carry the cases una step
.farther.. What if the State, that has made
the capture unreasonably refits& to hear the
complaint of •itie neutral or do redress it ?
' that ease,tthe• very act' of capture would be
'ail act of war-L.of war began without notisei • .
and possibli:ontiroly without prone-alien.' ,'
~14 think all unprejudiced minds willagree
V/ ( Wei imperfect as the existing judicial remedy ••
may ho supposed to be, it.,would be, asa gen-
erhf practice, better to follow it than to adopt
' the summary one ofjoaving. the decision - with • ,
the captor; ithd 'ielying 'upon
' • bates to review,his d„ceision,Prnatically,ais,
a question of ohoidoMetvrtien;lawc. , :mitlitli.:ini- ,
perfections and delays, and.war; yritti Main „.
and desolations. Nor is it ever to..be ,forgot
ten thatineutralityhoneotly,aad l jeistly A pfp
servell,l; al way the l iablifgoi, phew ,
therefore ii the Conn:awl interest of .tbtttisna, `li
which is only saying that . ,•ltiht,thaintereskof
humanity itself. . •• • . •
At the sauna time it is sotte.beleitied that '
it may sometimes happen that, the. judicial.: .
remedy will become impossible, aviiiy the ship- •
wreek• of the prise 'vessel, or other eircum-: '
stances which excuse the capfor ham sending
or taking her into port for confiscation... In
I . .sgeh a case the right of the captor. to the ens
• ytfidy of the captured persons and to dispose of
x • them, if they are really ,contraband, contraband, so as '
defeat their unlawful purpose s ," cannot rea=;.
:sonabiy•be denied. What rule shall be ap,
"piiedi•in• such a ease? Clearly, the captor
ought po be:required to show that the failure
of the judicial remedy'iesults froze eircum
fatances beyond his control, and without his
Otitehr.r..)oc, trehid,,be alVt,wed. , 0,0 4 „
advantage front. a'; wroagati. act, ni.bity9 •
own. ,
t.
In
the present case, Captain Wilkes. after captur
ing the contraband_poraona and maitiqg prize ot the .
't 'Trent in what 66oMlS tons a perasatelavird
Instead of sendlng'her' Info port;, irtil444l hoe from
the capture, and permitted her to pmeolio 'with - k er
preve nt ed
cargo upou her *Oyes.. tie thus ',erfeetastly .
prevented the- Judicial examination which might
othertvlso have occerreda(t"' , :4; t
1i 'sow, the capture of•the,contraband persons And
the rapture of the spatial:arid vessel. are to be regard-. .•
ed, not as two separablemr 'distinct tmlmoctlons nn-'
der 'the law of nations; but ns eve truntutction, ono
capt,ure only, then it,fellown that the capture in Ode .
calm was loft un fi nished, br.waduhandonvd,
' or the United lltatits have a Hebei° retain the cider
public benefits of lt, namely, t h e ;
Custody of the imp.
tared persons on proving them to,be contraband,
depsuctnvon the preliminary ipiestion whether
the leaving nt the transaction unfinielexi was twee
seri, or whether it was unnecessary, and therefore
voluntary,. lilt Aims necessary. Greeitatritain, as we,
supPose..Must to• t Ommrac, wgivo,
• the dt*Oi t anti. the
comlequerit,failure i f the. remody. On the
• other hand,)-lt it pot seen the United States can.",
, Insist 'men lien waiver of Clint jabot it remedy, Utile ,
defect of.the capture resulted from au act of await
Wilkes, which would bee fault en their own side. '
Captain'Wilketihas, Presented to this Government .
Lie mesons for rehnisingllte , Trent. "I,,furebots to
bur," lie Gays, "In consequtioce of icy being's& ,
reduced in ollipeimpd cissti derangenidift
fhtakaat terrs'drik, Micro Vet% a largh-
number of, pailleengeee who would have been put go . ''
s
.great loss and inconvenienee;ini Well - al 'ffis'aPpiiint
sinent, from the interraption' it would ,have Amused ;-I
,them in not leing able to join the etemiter from St.
Thome . ; to Europe. I therelbre concluded to sten: ' • •
lice the interest of my officers and crew tin the Prize,
and suffered her to proceed after • the detention necee
eary to effect the trerisfer of thole -Cominiseileficsre; .f •
considering I had obtained the important end .I had,
in view, and Which affected the interest Of our coml. •
itry and interrupted the uotion.of that. of the Goofed- s .
y erates." • , . • _
, I shall consider, first; how these remote ought to •
• 'affect the . action of this. Government ; and secondly, '
• `how therOught to be expected to affect the, action
.ef Great -Britain.
The reasons are satisfactory tlgthis Government, so
. . ,
far us Captain Wilkes is concerned. - It clould not•da-
i'mire that the San Jancioto; her officerp., and crew,,
.shonld he esp.:wad to danger aud loss by weakening
',their!Minter to detach a prize chalet° •go oti deord 7.
the Tient. Still lees could :It 'disavow the, humane
motive oftwiventing inconvenience's, losses, and per- '
haps disasters, to the etworal hundred innocent pai-
sengens found on board the Prize vowel. ,
.Nor could,
this Government perceive any ground for questioning '• i
the fact that,theso reasons, though apparently 'neon- , .
gruous, did operate in the mind of Captain Wilkes
and determine him to release tub Trent.: Human roc
-lions generally proceed upon mingled, anti sometimes
conflicting, motives. lie triousared • the eticriticds •
which this dociaion.would ewe.' It manifestly, - how- .
over, did not occur to hint that beyond .the tuteriffie
of the private interests (as leecalls them) of his oils- ;
Miceand crow there might ape ; pewi b ly 'he a sacri-' ,
lice even of the chief and public object of his cap
`tare—namely; the right of hie Gorernment to the ;
custody and disposition of, the captured miens.
This Government annot censure him 'for' this Deer
eight. It conibases that the whole subject oune.,un
foreseen upon the Government, as doubtless it did
,upon hint. Ito present convictions on the point:ln';
.question ere the resuit of deliberate examination and •
deductffin now 'made, and net of any. hitiprisisloto Pm-
violists , formed. I . •- • L .... :• , ,I ti n , :.• • -
Noverth'elcia; the question .now fe, not whether
Captain Wilkes is justified to libi3OettrffinentikiWhat
• he did, but what is the present *few of the . °ovate- •:
meet us to the effect of what he has done. Amnia
ing now, for argument's sake onlyt thatthe release of
the Trent, if sof untary, . involved, a . waiver ef, the . •
claim of the Goiermient to hold' thiii bcptured 'Ter- •
per
sons, the United States could in,that case hare no hest- ...
talon to saying that the act which has thus already ;
been approved by the Government mad tie allowed to' ' -..`
draw its legal consequence after it.. ,It is 'of the vei-y : ~
nature of a gift or a charity that the giver cannot,
after the exercise Ofhle 'benevolence is past, recall or r
modify its benefite. ~. • • . , -
We are thus?' brought '
directli to the qiietitioxi
whether we are entitled to regard the releuee, of the
'Trent es involuntary, or whether we are obliged' to
coneider'fbit•t it Was 'voluntary. • Clearly the reliate
, would have been iueoluntary had it been made solely
~
upon the tint ground - Resigned fae it by Cept. 'Wilkes, '
',namely, a want of sufficient force to send the prize
_ sestet into port for eludiaition. It la not the duly of:,
a captor to haeurd his own vessel in order to secure a'' '
judicial exasuinatiou to the captured Party. No largo , . s .
prize crew, however, is legally ueceseary, for it is the
duty ottlie captured 'party to acquiesce suld - gb Wil- ' ,'
linglibefurethe tribunal to whose juriedictiou it ere ,
peals. If the captured pJery.inditutis purietesi'to - em- . .
ploy Me. 8.10 of resistance which the 'captor; caunot ',
with probable safety to himself overcome, he may
...
properly leave the vessel tO'go forward; and neither
, else nor the State-she represeuuseme.eyer . , atterwarde ...,.,
just ly object that the captor deprived ber'nf•the jd.
deist/ 'remedy to which she was entitled. • tr -
But the seemed reuses' a.seigned by: Cape. Wilkes for
releasing the Trent differs? feta Ina tiret. j 'AI. iTe - es
therefore, it must be held 'that Cipt;'WilltPs, sate
explains himself, acted !rem combined Beetled - um - of
prudence and generosity, and so that the release of
the prize vessel was not strictly melee:try or involun
taxy. ~, : . .. . . . : ' . t' , ',l •
Secondly. HOW ought we to expect these explana
tions by Capt. Wilkee of his reasons fur leaving the,
capture incompletsito affect the action of the British'
Government? • • . - , • .. ,; •
The observation upon this point which first occurs
is, that • Capt: IViakes' explanations were not made to
the authorities of the captured 'vowel. It made known
to them they might have approved and taken, the
release, upon the condition of waiving a judicial in- •
vestigation of the whole transaction, or they might. ,
have refused to accept - the release upon that condi
tion. ' '
But the case is one not with them,. but with the
British Governinent. If we claim that Great Britnin '
ought not to insist that a judicial trial dies beenjest,
because we voluntarily released the offeyding, vessel
out of consideration for her innocent passengers, 'I do
not see how alto is to be bound to ecquiesce iu the de=
elision which was thus made by us withefit necessity ,
on our part. and without knowledge of conditions or .
consent on her own. , The question between Great
Britain and oureelVes thus etated would be a quotation' '
not of right and of law, but of favor to be conoeded .
by her to us in return for favors shown by us to her,
of the value of Which* !keens on ' both aides we'our
solves shall, he the judge. ,Of course. the United . ,
Stated could haVe' no thought of rising 'such a gees
. tion in any case.
I trust that I have shown to the satisfaction of the
British Government, by a very simple and natural - '
statement of the•faets, end analysis of. the . law appli- ,
cable to them, that this Government has Helder need=
hated, nor practised, nor approved - any deliberate
wrong in tho transaction to which they have milled .
its attention • end, ou the contrary, that what' hue ' '
. happened haebeen simply an inadvertency, consisting, • •
in a departure, by the naval officer, free from any
wrongful motive, from a rule uncertainly established, ---
and probably by the several parties concerned either ,
imperfectly understood •or entirely uukhown. Tor
this error the British Government has a right to sit- •
poet the sane, reparation that we as an independent
State, should - expect from Great - Britain or from'iuty
other friendly nation•in a similar case.. .
I have not been unaware that, in examining this'
question, I' have fallen into an argument for what '
seems to be the British aide of it against my. own
country. But I ant relieved from all entberrassment ,
on that subject. Phad - hardly thileu into that linaof
argument, when I discovered that I. wie really de-
feuding and =Writ/lining, not an exclusively British , •
intertst, butau old, honored, and cherished American
censer not upon British authorities, but upon princi
ples
that constitute a large portion of, this distinctive
policy by which the United Suites have developed-the
resources of it continent, and, rhea bectimieg a con
siderable maritime Power, hpve:wms the respect •itud ,•
.
con ftdenep of unsuy nations. Those priuciples, wore
laid down' fit ' Ile .in 1804, by Jaines' Madison, when
Secretory of 'State in the Admiuieuretion of Themes
Jadersoo, hi instructions given to James Monroe, our
Minister to England. Although the' eleabeftireddm • •
concerned a description of potions different from those ,
who are incidentally the subjects of the preetintdie- '
eussion, thagronnd ho assumed. ihon weathe samell
now occupy, and the arguments by which he abstain
ed himself upon it lutvedeeit au inspiration tome/ in '
preparing this reply. .
"Whenever," he says, "property found in a nen: •
trill vessel ia suppeesd to be liable on any ground to
capture and (=denotation, the rude in, all Does the, ,
that the (pleatioll dbalr not be'docided by the capitite
but be carried before a legui tribunal, where a
.. tar e trial nifty be had, and where the captor him iis
liable to damages for an abuse of 'his power; ' re it '' "
be reasonable, then, or just, that u. belligeeent,eobiee,,
mender who la thus restricted, and thus resPoiteildo,
in a case of mere property of trivial atnefint,:ehtfoliki :
he permitted,, without' recurring. to any , tribunal ,
whatever, to examine the crew or a neutral' vessel, to'
, deCide the important question of their resteetive'al-'...
leglaucee, and to carry that decision in execution by,
forcing every individual he may choose intaa iiii;ribe •• '
nbhorretat to his feelings, cutting. him MI fremoide •
most tender conneximus, exposing his mind' and hie.'
person to thd 'most hnniiliating•cliticipline, and. his: , ;
life itself to. the, greatest danger? Iteasotesjuatiete ,
and humanity unite in protestiug evilest so extrava
gait a proceeding." ~. . • • ] , ;II i ..
• If I decide this case In favor or my own Gerern r.
meat, I must di/straw its most cherishea PrinelPhw,
and reverse and (braver abandon its essential ;pulley:
The country cannot atfortl . the,,sacrifice. , If I Aught- .
tain those principle!' and 'adhere to that policy, I
must surrender the awe itself. 0•Ittrill be stteu,,there-.
,fore, that this Government could nut deny the,instieo
otite claim preeenteti td'uif in this relipeet iti '
Merits., We are asked to do to the British:nation .
jest what we have alWays 'insisted all 'nations ought
to do to ua.
Thu claim of the British Government, is nok made
in a discourteous . 'manner: • This Uovernineitt; '
its first organization, has never used mere guarded
language in x similar case.
In coming tO my conclusion I• have not ifordotten' •
that, if the safety of this Unp:mt reqrdred„the •diden,.
tion of captured persons; itwould be'the rig a
-and duty of this Government to detain them. Bur' , •. •
the effectual check and waning Kopottious of the ex-
A.:lacing insurrection, as well the compirraffielinlin
portance of the qaptured."purnans - theictselves: Viiren •••
•
dispaasionetely weiglinChappilf forbid 'mu frLiu-re
'Sorting to that defence.. .„-•
'Nor am runaivare thist Aliterican,eltizons are not'
in any case to be ,unnaccaseiriky, eurrenderedfor,"aitY. .. •
" purpose into the-keeping of a foreign ntate. Only ' '
- the captured'persons, hotireisk, otherswho are In- •
*taloned in them, could Juba.) , raise a queation on that
•iVroutid. • ,•
Nur have I been tempted at all by suggeettens-that-:
Mee might las found in history where Great Britain .
?), refusal tuyieid Mother n'ailons.nnil evelituourseliet,
claims like that which is now bethre us. ; Those piles': .
occurred when Great Britain, us well as .the United .
States, was tin, home of 'genetutiiins whidt,
. their peculiar , interests and ;paw:done home . fussed,
• ;may: , She cohld hi no other way se eitikkually'dlki
row any sochinjury as we think she doca by aseum
t ;lug DOW us her own the ground upon which wit then
Stood. 'lt would:tell little.for our own•claime to the '
character of a just and 1111/gll4lilllollll people If we
alieutti so far consent to hi, guided by the law of retal
iation as-to lift up buried injuries tram their graving' • •
, to oppose against yrhat national consistency and the
national conaidinics'ibitipidlis to regardiiia Chd.*
• • . lii
trinsiaadlyrighE.' :1:
Putting behind me, ail suggestions cd'this kind,
prefer ttrexpre:is my satistaktion that, dy the adjust
meta of the prosetat' caae.upon principles confessedly
. Anterican, and yet, as I trust, mutually Sat istizetery to
bah !of the-nations coriderniid,U queetion is finally
and rightly settled between them, which, heretutilLr
exhausting not only all forms of peaceful •disefissien,'
.• .
• • lint allsothe..arbitrament of war itself, tor more. thlitr
'half e 1 century alienated the two countries Item eindi
1 ' • 'Other, had perplexed with fears'alul4pri.ditiiisfonhall•-•
• • ' other.itatiOus.• , • . •
• ""' ' four persons in question are now held lat
• tary custody at l'Ort Waireficiii ,tneeStatu'ot '"!
' chttadtts.The:) , will be cheerfully liberated. Your,,
Lordship Will Please Indicate it timeiind Plata fai
cittviag them.
ANL avail myself .of this. ocpsigpn,.to
Lordship u renewed assurance of-my very high con- ,
*:,; iilo.malr,ll3;4lswanitx.' •
• um , Finiftrai stk. agw 4 Bl , / •
. .; ,Fraidthigkni > , Dec. •:27, ;481,34. •
;The Eon. Vilimatt liaarAge;*&P.., &C.
I have.thle morning remitted the nuts 'Whiela.;
• you did me,theltonor..tead,dreas to me yesterday,'
to answer id Ear( -Ititsitill'a • dispatch , of the'• 30th
.Nov ember . last, . , rolative., te the ,removal Of. ) Kr. 'E
Masou,, Mr. Sildell,..M.E.Kitifailend, and' lir. Saudis . •
••U frOm the Brithili.finill packet "Trene." 'i• ./
I will withoutl any loss of time, forward to Amr.,
/' Majesjy's GoVeYdinhilt n cat* , the impbrunit• C4)lll
.• munication which 7ou have made to)me. i• 4
• 1 Will also without delay,. do, myself the honor to 4.
confer wadi-yo'n.per4Onally on-the airinikeineuts tirb
ittude'for dellv . ering-the four gpAtlemen,to rite,• in or- i
der that the y may Lair again placed under tile protec
thin of the British fiat.: :1! • •
1 him the-honor to kii.Withithe higturdieMisidsru- ;•• Lion, tion, your most oblsd!ent'hiiindltiffrwisint_.:' '
: s:;ZirOle. ,
•
Galveston Evacuated:: , , ~ ., i 4 . : !
Galvestop, Texas, has - .lloonbfojksdeg, A ciatilAkkg :
island, possessed py, %Pr foreem....iThe 4 .4lty s i lso
lie, douhyless, ci
nw , fn 't.4.1 hal.nleigf'oll ad;,
: It bits ppAnjeyAcutaLgit to,3 l ll , lWalliset7.;iertottaloo;
• lion rdestaph, , bf P.eo;.24li , etoatitini;theiffillowlig
•
;:anntaincement . : ! kr,. I •.!, re;oll , ,i l'elTo. (.11;3 0::
„ .
- On the 20th tilfti eatinnoilifliairiiii Ida, at
`Galvestono atimhieli 't it! was determined alit. it`-
'leg i4: ol l4ibe'..iftot Aefead the; ciiiAeimeessfullSrt:'
The larkesti„guns at, the, fortificatimes.mni tits )
Islandwere . thirty - two -polindextitsiNneeild:iores i
having a' ring& iiiii ei6ieding twit' "mifee . ' ;ill& I
the re nerdy 1 Vine 'reefer Of; the • litiiiehtY 04041 '
Shooting ;with accuracy three :oh folzethileian*:To'
await an attack was simply to invite the surren r i
i
der 'or destruction of our, tEoge,,arl. ) the qt. J ..
without' the power of . in)iiittag, i,njory,..ap i iizi . , Il i
assailant's: . '11: "itilli 'tsidgfis .tiristi;tifierefore, u -
der all the eirendistirilies?rto'evitildate Oillifehloi4
;aid'ocionpy atipositietrin theoefesi:orthlgoitSo;Ato;
,as to roo pap, adtange of,Alte.....gederalqrooPPO
after they had 161(1. „:- -.. . f ,,.. 1. .i k.. s
, ;.. i:...... s., , is.. .1 ..,,. Z ..) a .•- , 41
' i . The, Federal trappa!,novi• hold Isome farticavoil
every 4elleklattate;YekoeptAialiania sikakitAcsn=t
Ai! i %tam ad: et
•••. , ;-.Lt
~;•1, a rr a
•
•
. ,
At Evergreen Hamlet. nn the 19th Inst., et thb Vottiso'of
the ;bride's father, by Bey: A...llW.lNC!urtoi kg; LizziO,B.
AI.ELI4iDER, Big., of pOelig4,llo.).tti Mk ANNUM!, el dest
ilaitkliter of Rev. James J. Marks, D.D.
Te •Bintorsburg, December. 2iltb, 1801, by hey. John B.
Sherraxd. Dir. J. B. nom, to *he 3faur MORTIMEIL, 1111 of
Clacton County, Pa." '
!
On Tuesday. December 17th, agGiis residenciyof the bride's
• &Bik; by iteY. W. Prideaux, D. J. J. CURIE, of Mechanics
burg, Cumberland County; totlittiu."Bmxl. ;BL 'Burt* of
ficheitiburg, Bedford County.
.•• "•-
December 10th, by ace. G. W. Mechlin„Mr. Daytri,L. Mai; ;
rilifAti> . of Wayne Totimiliip.. Arnistiniti County, to 'Was
)1/41,iltric HA ILSE ...
. . .
~91:1•!. I '... r I .• -• • . ' • ' .. . . .-
, -
:• : . .
'fLmiroisimatuctre, Gavriiif'ADDfiloirLi'llemtio, !Ni
egfrie ♦ Liza, NlNE;Winkns maim L LtruiLl t:
• Diti , =- •
Di Union conireo .- tioit," AnnAiong ,
Decetielber Mk in the faith of the Gospel, lkin!. 4.OBANNA:
HlNDM;il,l,agedlti ,
Pittsburgh; on Ibo"..moriitug of Deeembor;2sth;•
186 . 1, t hin,. NANCY, wife of Alexander Wilson,. in the 71st
year ot ker age; a member ofdi; Plrit'Pi'esbyterinifebniciE
DIED--At Camp MAIM' DeceMber
Ottwof typhoid fever, 11.0131fItT .BRUCE, sou of Rey.. John * :
0n . 4,1 M&iy Stork, a member of Co. 1.. 78th Reg't P. V., the
ybungest of four ROA in the United States service, and a cit
izen of Armstrong County, Pn., aged 20 years.
DlED—Octotter 315 t.,, mtar x Editiburgb, la„ of. (111,101104 a.
DE/AA...Mild of Aodrear — aid Itest.ia'lifoore,ragafs Years and
5 months.
IS* iltaal . ti vex my begirt, or Wit?
;'.
My east atmli mount to her at lest,
ded,there my child • •
Sannwerovillo, Nicholas. County, Va., greatly
laineated and betiWod; J.OI.ES WITTEN., son of ThotaxaW.
and Mary Nicholson, of New Genera„ Pa:
At his deAtil, the dm:ea:led *as an honored member of
Capt. Gilts Ore's. Value'Mer Cavalry Company:—Gen.
crinedivislort also A Member of the l' , resbyteriumphnrch
of GeOrno's Creek: Ile .was ttiie Irientl, nn .exemphiry
thrlatialt, a pattiOtic Citizen, and rebravo soldier
DIED--Doronther Abet, of diphtheria, In the 18th gear of
her nge, FIDSLIA CLAN, daughter of Meiriet•and Mader
In this sadden stroke al Divine ,Providence, many hearts
have been made traly sad—not, tom any lose to the sweet
and precious flower so early taken to blooM more . fair in the
Paradise of God, but tbr wait of-that Joy and delight
her presence was ever want to,produce. ,'
This youth Was a 'favorite among all :her acquaintance,
the sunlight of her parental bowie, and brit a short timis,be
fore ohs wss fatten from asi a bright ornament of .otik,Greee .
Seminary. lint Qod claimed het, and we must soy, His will
be done. • ' • • If.
DIED—At Fortress !dogma°, Va., on the Stb or December,
iptlN, son Of Robert C. , and Margaret Maitln; Indiana Co.;
Pa., mesabse Helot }its lid year,:
: lle !died Aheinaipitat, 44(incastes contracted In camp.
He was a useful ancenbei of the Church, and had been dill-
gently and taw:really prosecuting professional studies,
with*.he pro of honorably 'lllHit srmielmportant part
n l(t. Qe dtectanttipzietrAoiOri, pat the;eye etld Zttie,haiis.l
of hie heavenly Father 'were near. Ho well knew that he
might Cal in the reinke;lit having' entered the tier*iria,l•fte
was enthusiastic In his dovotion to it. iiiicrminsint, being
brought home, were deposited, with those . of , his friends. ;
Quieseat In pace? • ,
DlED—fly droWning, at Dan No. 3, In AimetrengCountY,
Pa., on the morning et September 28th, 1861 . , THOMAS
.13ENTON; aged 18*Yeacs,-11 Menthe. and 26 days; 'a Member
of the Presbyterjun church ,et Boiling Spring, atol eldisst—
and only=smi of Labianali and Margaret Toivnieud.
" seat a - cif deka is the dark Waters alone." '
-'-.•
Fatitsi,in'other, sl.4ters dear,
'Olll kt us weep no more;
'Our datiing.brotlier is not dead, , ' i • •?..
But f'OnlY•iins before." : : :I ,
Full welt are' know we soda stiatt *test'
-Utioa.that silent shore,. . ,
•Where partim sad are never felt.,
And leach-l 1 comes uo niore. &M.
DIED—In, trent Creek Township. Washinglien 'C
;leafy;
Pa.,eatha'l'tbofAntsnet Iiud,JAMESTITESIXSON, lisq.,
in the 64tIL year vf 4il+ efie.
The detemind wag aeon ..ot,,Aen.. !Thant, Patterson, . who
for
rago) , resin represi7ted!rudii?ghatA chnuty in the Con
gress of the United `47tvieei. ' Trained Vys..llither who was
preverbial'for his honesty, Ate. Platers* Was chareeterined .
by strict ititegrity in all his business tranimetiont:• Ilisword
,was as good an his bead. For nearly thirty-four years ho
was a, menthes of the Presbyterian. church orcrom Creek,
Pa. Arid as Providence had put him in trust of ample
means; he gee's liberal support toalethe insilintleiliof the
'Gospel, especially to those schetneerot-benevolenee - inratkb
the Presbyterian Church to engaged. After Vio..dtattbs o
Jesse 11. Disigan sad Wiillittd*ance, Eke., no Min in this
community patronized the causes of Domestic Weston!' and
'African Colonisation
_wore genoronely.than he. The disor
iler winch mused his &Mit was Opipsy. Dhring many rein
ful and IdAths . ho wits sustained' and cheered ,by
the 'spry of the Osslief.' • And when he passed through the
dark valley ;Of, the shadow Of death, the rod. andstalf;of the
,Slieplaerd Of 'lsrael. so comforted: hen that .he feared no . evil.
A ierj grtatroucourse of sorrowing relatives and neighbors
testifed their resttect fur - his memory byfolloilng his lust
to the holieS ; appointed-for all living. One who knew him
long Lad we11,./aye tick Sprig of niyitle on his tomb.
til 4 ; "0011 454 • 4 • •• • • •
p R; O 5 P E ;~....T Qi:: s. `
11IA,NEVH4'0U. LEOCEII
18621
The -Ledinir biz :been more priiiiiiiiroushas made more •
money during. the past twelve, mouthe- 7 than any other pa,
pea; father daily Or 'Weekly,' pnblirilieietii - Near-York Ol• any
other city in tlent,qoutgry. Theareat, reason Whythe Ledger:
lnis Wen so mach !nom successful than any,or all other pa,
pers . is, Moro' not heeftatted to spend money freely
in securing die services of all the graat and popular writers .
df tbeemintry. White other papers have been compelled to
.ecottocuise eat down , the size or. their sherta, Anil priiit on
a poor quality. of priip9r, we bare, on, the o h
.other and. been
enablisl to 'keep ur•yo'the •higheat Point 'of excellence, in .
OITCy reepper, and Ao 012173(41011 of all the toiProvenients•
'and novelties "stitch would tend to the entertainment and ;
gratilkatiestof our 'rfischnil wg brave' never offerid any
humbug rem i ineut b. , secure subseribq re,. for the, reason that
We time preferred to put premiiini; Into the Paper
Itself, and. ha' the, way !giver-eviity,•readeriroore than the
winvii'of mosiey.nine,oot of every ten papers •
that have 'eied ortivitisbis liave'beecisWindling
ae4 evemamper Zlnti e gzz anythlog.to :dimwit)) tlmt:sora of
thing is sore to dia.' y . are not couclactid,on eound bitti;
ncrs ." ir , • •
The fo.lowingotaiitki names nf r eome„of anal mg osna l n
frit:rut:pre tit Ike neWrxrithilStit'.. What. other OsPer gime
=nut& y.of :ditningulatfedi and: populai"
gowasestriergg, itirv. 'Joan S. 0.-Aratiorr, Wrlnew
Cultism islet /On - (Milky t lO ars., q:. Ortigton.P.
Atomise, P. WILL* Paitencit, SilS AN US - 001i11,.
4114,' ENensosisNiuname . WitiiiitAttiAr Wriu.soz, T. Si
INEtii, I'. Blast O at, fifyugs,.,Ctik. WAtifFe. IL DUNLAP,
.24E13.
F,ISOUILNIM.; Atill:'"§UilllWOßTli!"F:lNNy • 'FERN, Crac
dit , lci.CMPlialkli&tiviii t oatteer,. ll ipite N. Ar : DOPUIf,
Slane SrAnt.er Aware, and onany,plergyineii, professore in
colleges. toisteenteii,•itivi 'Other wetter, raiding in
dissavrtyiutsoL,tlap_Qnioftr.• i..• .; ! • • • • -*
par ,corps of dantribigOrs fur, the oomlug ya-ir will he in
.large, auk will Amines& Mich. in viiilety of inninenetalent;
ikettatlglen4i4,ll.krature.„Witkrecelve the particu
lar atteintitor'ON Sierrieinne."Comilet.thit' it marile• rind
special inatieieC: lg:Pittosisr, cootritpitora isend us • from :
weeirau •freCtt much more matter than we ; cap p l issibly_ use,
aliiiewtinve•iiilniheitdiebtreielittiaintit•sup
ply &at whjelt to selectihenery.torat,-..,„, • 1_ - ,
The Le'figees'4l4eiilti&tios” owlng to, the act - that: we
sitars go cistern/eau:getting ap.theAdigfittaftyplirperniniJ
•per of WO mall totte., , ,Tlei,ertalterrrepmtatkim of its •coir,.
trilsatota, Elie trek:field and'lnvoriabfr pure a nt healthy
Weave ter.of.4ll.rir,.. rtipAroi Whivisis taleieritsst.mot
,even.nne Offensive Ward sisals appear in its columna, and thl.
superiority: oti Uri Tail! Inietettitc tutiOigitlutidl tin* IS ,
1/Ness.-I,wk Lalger a position that no literary paper ign!,oyer:
bonier riechod. „
• Ali isibbe •amisono_of , tho..yearisrlittu.•• Postmasters! Mirl
.equine are iu the Habit of,forming, Club% wo dituct,:tholr par,
denim atteeithalto: 1, :i• • '4" • • '
• % !i• 4soURVATER Nig:` %
.Sisgi eppie!i g A% ner. Iti n tun •two, copies; ,frigy copies, !.
St 3;. eight - copies,ll2. Pirstinestors and ethers who ge . L . lir
cjubecut littera - lake-43d Si Mete AiiitrieaUt 'The piety
%dm pq 611141rak, dab, of ;eight, capita will be, entitled to
it copy /tie:. 'Termsvariably:lh advatiCii. No iiiiti•rerire
lions taken; tort knit putiod tlialtbou , Yrar; Csanda sub.
ectibermitnger,imptl twenty-six mints in toirlition to the eat ,,
scriptloo. to pays el which is halt' w cen t'
3..coPY opt 9r4rY.PlPcr,l rilicgreolot epyciemaying bank
taken at par. prbmi a draft or check can cooveniontly be
inent„lit the *debility of
,;, •
' • air We engildy go'teavelling'ogerite.
• Addfovvv.ii Clowlwallicattenatii • r.
. ritOBERT Publinher,
• dee2B-ft •bfiam-.Pgrk Role, •NeW-York.
Tit ERCHANTS" lEibT*t;
kvms ; s • -in .4 •;' • • • • • •
• 14 t 6 rtiv.z.FoVir t h 4 'Bl r . e - t t,
•
.e."A .1
. ;:/.1,11 41;
TT& BrillianCy)'and -E6on'aniSr .
Itruiiseass orui`ivi , rn'
Plitrke.t• win3sarehcl 4 l l .94- 11 UnDalAt tP44t.
?soli sgeOuitl . taiqe Miqnwtured
tad for sue bp-. tam • Jc.: (i 7 /)
r .
• 1. , -)t.;,..Vhliatir.&CMEClWN‘4
Itt ! : 9 .0 1 . 01 . 4 . 1 1ns ?Min, PAnginf
j N
ni : 4, l 4 1 51 1 9,0 Pt• TAO
tno nnmorons read dare f the es& ne,rjbeig
for the frequent Dulls their Lok a Store 'rek:iielsotto'nf
thew; sadisawldagatu,riaaf,4refnllY i ttlYtae k ilkoat , lTlß•Tit,
'Wu rArefnlly ittlected — stiYog of Hon . AY
wlll/iwirrotifuluparauons. Thuyiam taw
andiollapaz d stetrfaq, nod hiseorlcal,inehlon.U4oll,calculated
Vienterfel&thezybenig;teinbiliang The liffe of ChristVid
qt TheActy off tlit...4.psetlef, t3unantpa the
Mountains, Bay* oilingett:Bir? &o. fritto caff ,
(Leif; pre whi. .zatartie4 ^ s:isiEtrnioti'Arnivic.n Tria
I Prw i l lYq' Ti l Ln B ; 36rlol4 llMl ra * ' P942t-th
"•••LV A TILC R. iii42 6 14; 14 14k inaick la4) 1rite l tu ' 1 ,E0 3 4 9 , t ip !"
Wt . - ManuaZtiiiineOthiVOil4; entIMT tied from' 'Offen=
cOur. ie ißmirpfugoitAbiltbe,lfrilliiiiipy,of t lightrib drords,
and will ',nee lex libou9d aiPays
fur; NAPOPIA-01,1:. both' brilaccorinD:of "4413ialify end hoiap
' n Zl l; orilnri Oe• leare iiage4;gi 1 to:
CALlTOON;;ViiilLitatip44ryatAlttatitirgh: proiript4;
- cV
- 01$1 2/-
i liff- A f E O
057,11 07E VE1910". F 0
mitiBo,lo!-Actit mist boa
nide • by, the Piullarylvpm ledipLitlM•ol.
Vie bbly freVitno and - pate...tit 'trade. fl ware of
, Cob title rfql tett! ilitiyerCandlifildrs6Gide-Ugai'ditiadoliwilt
144 , 14,11ADV44:gig , 1" 6 "71144°eir':
-
Ar:sUrST T.l, ..F' U 6131 ly I,S,ritai@ p,,,,, f• , ' , niIiJIBIEMIC
11.3 I .
~ ~,..-i. BY THE
.ii 4. vi!, '. ',.."4 . .. - -I':,A. i . '1 1 14..4 !
1 . If
to ~ P Jo
i • a
f;-Tresbyterianiti3oatii , orqfPublicatioit, '.,,, f - C.
' ' i res
N'ii. ili di'liatiiiiiiVii4o, 'o:hifailiffigiß,' .--- ' e b:
_ 14•419,_11.• ,-.• L•ri; .. f -
SIX NEW' .4.091r4r A N D THE 44..VAN,40,:,, . .No 2. 9 Li. . 1
.4 I . :', 7 % .;':l* - ';',l al t AS OT
i: " ;
~ ' Ir FOR 1862 • '.-:. t- ' -: v"
,:'''. 'l' . Kb; li -, ;,..1:1. a : '.'. ^. i :.-1 . , ',. ~:. -', : ~•,, i! .:.I{).j t`'..;
U.J.j.1 .- t. '''''''..k 1. 1 '1 , 1.". - -lc- , ,--. 5... .., ...',' ..F' .
THE Eltit:ESOß ' ' 34D atri7a.'' ; Bp The Rev. IP:151'..11114,- ' ' ' '''' - ' l '. .' . ' ." 1 . -' 1 '. IS '•': ' .1; it t.llS.':'?
' I
_ . MUM, ' Erie, Pa. Small 12m0., pp. 216. Price 50 COM& ri 11 iI i. . ' PiT ar:*) ~' :1 :• ,,,, 45 j• •••: l'• • ' , 1 1 • ''' '.• r '' i • Y q• '1 ) i t. ''' i
P 'Bta g e 4 1 469 1 ,1 t 1 ' :3 ' ' ili ':' ; ':
f . . , P, 6 i , m:4 qr i % • ;' '''''''' ' • , '• 1 •' / ;• ••-; ' 2. .', . 7 ., qSi 7l'
The work of the Clesiieflti 'Madeira, fr om 183$ to ik.so, has '
been called "the greatest fact of modererllnissidrisP ' -Its (Y. wE,Egm, 43?"limqvirs i pAP,1FAEt ,'
history stairs. what iftornatAsts call .do? ; aral l =what.,,Sible- i, ~ , .., . ... . . ..
leaders caiiiuffetliilheittiefeentlicVntirry.' ' - ''-' - '-''' ' ' ...-.. ,'''.. 1:.q.; - 7.• .:. 3 , :hr t.f.. - '
.. .
THE PRESBYTERIAN ALMANAC FOR 1862. Illustrated:" ' 4 ;= . ' ' ' '
Price 6 cents, - ,onB4,p:iir hundred. :Postage . s
. .
FOR , THE YOUNG:
A LITTLE BOOK FOR LITTLE FOLKS ABOUT THE
BOOK O. BOOKS. ISmo. Two.
e . f lllustratlons. 72.
; Price 16rciiiits:gPOstag — cants:: ' ' , `ss
THE LiTTLWBROWN,BIBLB.: , By the Anthor,os,,'llllstry
Enmpkrey," " Walter Stockton," Ac. 11.8ino. Two Illus.
ratioasP'PO Price , 26. arid' soi eentui Paiitails 6
s • cents,
A eery interesting volume._
ELLIE'S SOKAP:BOOK. ISmO.
216. Price , 2s atild 30 vitits:i , Poitage
JEANNIE'S SCRAP-BOOK. ISmo. Two Illustrations". 'Pp.'.
216. Price 26 and 20 cents.. Postage 7 cents.
:JOILNNY WRIGHT. Then* alio 'lttled to'do 140 C BP
the Angier, mf. If;Littlei - 33okAtne,"„ Vic. 18mot Tyfo:11.
lustrations. Pp. 300. Price ark and 40 cent's. Postage 0
cents.;
„,
The Board hare also prepared
i.
81:MBAR'S , LlBRAiltt 01 1 / 4 70 .VoLUMES:,IIC,
pace Sit. !mg], and 'artier IPublicationo' ioitoble anikus‘ful ,
for dibtrlbution among
,Soldjerw and Bollors. , Among 1 411fh.,
THE iOLDINWS , POQICET-84004 - . , ! In ratglitil!,,ndger:=.
man. Eacsl 5 coots.
THE EoLDrsits • sERIEsliw TRACTS. , IIO” auto • '
Atitlres orders to'? • .IyIN,TILROP:
Businese Oorrospoudent.
821 Elkesiiiuf Efrief,
. sale Pltriburgh. at the Preefh , torian Biok!
Bourns, 57 nand Street, : feb2ltf ,
car. . 6 , ,- . 4 , - - k
. 4jes . „oug are,
, t , c. , .
' 7 OR PECTORALTROORES;e,''
•
For the immediate Belief end oerttattehre -
Comber , Colds, • Leitliteniti t Asthma, Mame: :
sees*Wheepper t Cough, Catarrh, Brom.:
Chitin; Difficult liiiiatlds49Dore Throat;
- • ; 'Ete4' Eta*
11 MTP 7 I VAILEMTED IN TEE MINUTES;
•
For Minnows, t Public .Speakers„ , and Shwas,' these
%%OOZES are indbmentable for Clearing and Strength
enint the Voice,'Beenovirrfloarsenese, ete:
. . ,The ease with -which they are taken—being .tally. ,
tarried in the pocket,' repairing no, preparation, always ,
ready for use on all occasions,
not liable to change any -
!Hunt., containing nothinginjurious to the meet
- 'safe constitrttionhotdd ben sufficient inoominenda%;
.tion to all:to' give theist a faiftria/.L j I .
Price MS Conte .7Per litee3r.
ItEAPINIGr FOR I ,YHE ARMY. ri
goldier ' s Calxir;
1n-:g! AIU7R L.Wi-T.R.1,01-I..O.:UtrY,
•
. 150 NASSAU STUEE't ke NEW-ZORK.
-has Loaf issued A beimtift4ll,ibrat7 t consiedwg efIPTENTY
FIVE VOLUMES, iMMiicri lath' ikii,Lat the Wpfice
3:0 amang which are "..Cenral Havelock." "Capt.
Uedloy OW. " Vie/ 'l4ne 1 ag,"'
""-Yeinig' Man from }foam" • '
Pa4Mgee of 3,000 pagiis:of select Traits, at ''s'2.oo, are' put
up
6 accompany
THE SOLDIER'S POCKET,,LIBRARTY
of,twetity-five volumes, in flexible covert, containing the
Soldier' i Text-book, Soldier's 'Hymn., The Soldiers mid
3084'147 Story or L'acknbyr,l and other :appropriate ' , works.
-The Amertemn'.Trriet/ Stieleiy has , furnished , grittratotisly
?natty hinadreds =f thousands of,pamts of Tracta toile eel
'diers of Pennsylvaiiii, as welnis other's: 'The &len& of `the'
soldiers are availing themselves:of theOpportunity.of putting,
into their hands these most Valuable bgeks. And there - are
itiorit tet lost-inees where most happy rAsults have followed
thelrtitil they COltai2,l• ,
Iltiokiearefully" put'uti,'ind forwarded is purchasers may
direct: ',Address • : 1.7 1.1 i , '
H., N. Twsp - Euf, Agent„
AA
=MI
URG-H FEDIALIE COLLEGE
-IC THIRTEEN TEACHERS.
::BuUclb as. texchers,'Enid eimrse'of study.'6l , thelfirst clam.
Supetioi facilities afforded in tbe.Orninnetital brarichen, At::
eendance lost yeili - ,l.an hunilred and thirty-seven.' Throe.
terins.toOr Year. ;
F . ORTY DOLLARS per tent', pays for boarding. light,
rimin:iept, and .Mie 'Of -furniture. 'Tuition hdcording , to
studies pursued. The Collegiate year begins September 3d;
secoad Session, December 9th; and the third. March 24th,'
1882..! !Send to the Ere3ident, .11ev: 0: PERSMDIG,'Ai
fora . catalogue. 51.M05014,;
"Aix:gll.-ly • Piesodent Ml3oard otTrustece.
„
-FARMERS; GARDENERS, - FRUIT
onowgits:.'ilATTLEDEA - kats;.tc . .,.
the most complete assortment of books relating to
their t imisinisiathat can be found in ,the ['world., at O.3I,'SAX
'CON,I34.RKER CO.'S AgrforittiiMtlioCk Haase
.25` Park
77•••••Yr' fn.; vs. nnhilno, :
1111ALSTED k ik:STILES, ~ . 7. , . ',.
0--,-. .:.
. .. ..
,' 62:and 54 hitti , ray - StOebt; New-York.,
. ,-..
44.tpaAera andlobliers of OLOTIIS, CASSIMERES, VES
[NOS, and every style and quality of. avodsmed pyOtethiers
3ml.3leichant Tailnili fen. 14Tv,ii'faili;1 4 `Rnyst , tria7.7
ELLSVILLE INSTITUTE.
W.
An Ac idemy for young men preparing for College; cont.
Mercial pumas; 'or• tea:Ching; Seminark" for /Ong'
ladies- r -affording,ull the advantsges of. aschool oflke final;
doss. - The course of study embr a ces Langua g es, Ancient
; and; bfOdern, Literature: SciencT, anii rPiano llfasle-i"Extr
Ponces, :s,3&,Rer Session,or $lOO ,per:AcademicaL y ear. '
Thenext`Sessiohniieti September 1881, and
use fob rteen weeks. Ptipils.recel y Ad utany tinueduring'the
yebr. `For further Inlormation, apply ,for, Circulars or Gat t i..
:Inputs 'REV: 'WI): W. LAVERTY,'w.
ape4tf, : • .ElOlisvllleiDhin:''.,
-11V43RTII ~ SEIVICKLEYi•ACADENIY;.
-BEAVER COUNTY; FA.- r-
The Winter Session of this Lnstitution open. on the,
First Wednesday of NOieinber. • '
REV. H. WEBEETW :. p• • '•• 3"•.'
SAMUEL FINDLEY, f rule'r's•
Mot-tf - _ . :
E W FALL ,kICR''VV.I.W.T
ON TILE CASII SYSTEnr—the only system that
to sell Goods cheap these unsettled times. Cash - is mir rtiottor;-
and under that plan we...inv.:now ;prepar e d ,to` offe r mrimer
stock "bf under.
AND WINTER CLOTHS, CASSINI:TIRES,-
'IIESTING,S, di-,OVER-COATINGS,7
which enables us. to offer, gookatAlie loulest,possible, price.
Alio,' 'Finti St'oele.: of Gentiemen's Furnishing Goode; 'Of the
Latest Stylis, ttlfayort,kept on hood. .
'l l l6rehant qaylore
mark -1y No. St Wylie Rtreet.' Pittslmrgluttd
kilvooEls
ffollN D. WOODD
Lallilt * C4DAS .
.I.titurleratakii 1 , " 4
K a ti; !ti tl e
:,) Asitigot E§A fo
41"1, 41 - $ t 61:1 treiVri t irirh','
• . , .•
• •
HaYe . l5.OV on hand for fliprJug saleikas,4,AssAnd complete an
assortment of Goods as can link'fdamif iW a,ny'af titoltablarn
Otales equaksting 3 I, if, ;Lit Ili ,
and Wool
:01' ;every style and quality,: „CAPS.of. ,evigyAnalipf r ataljatast,
fashions; Palm Leaf ; Strait , ' Leggiat; '‘MR*Pariania WATS!"
Straw, and, Sipe RONNblit, att., tetc..sDarsons ,Nvishingo to.
purahaso either by Wbolseala.or Mfg!, arip; AO ,t4hthfir
10.'011 fn 64 AT! alit'arbmino ans4tarai• 1 •• ' innrlll.ljo . ...
. . !in .•r. a.. an,
• m A MOW Ciliittwitirs4o
--•-"--r‘z.z,-2---• F r • I
Par•MCia. . • ) or S'Orgitl •
triONOa IM-aa '
"O ' ho g Oiao thhioh•
OC le& tefinisisated, ters
minat&stirthiiiie "'Vito 4 02 T aware
the'inp initoiojitisPzAzuj'h.W. / t
alightAild ';iteOriitt , E4o ;qthae , '
which' in, 'the beginaanie to I R
a mad remedy, V' not attindict r io;'ioon,"
citt.ac7Cs' 'kw r!
apiaickli"2l o s ag e k...:
Were; 'Alit . r eleZjen yeais
/Cruse - Um proved 'th l it-ethy thingitl
artioliugfaie I tha P-'
Aida; "Skithewiths.;
f fdicaidgliie. t Haglaw,.Caii i igkig a irang y
;AiaSzjillak.,•anci f .'niiiitemo k cegtilite, 4F, I
','
, * woo l fa i pz i ara n i .,ja 11 i. 42 ,5 1.
,„di t t to / w i t re h : 6 , n ; eire ti4a fog{ 7 4„; 4 4 7 it
r vriri tri , -I!
gii3 6 09 78 % TACTig*Afribi.b.,
boirvang elf -..
rB€4 4 in MBPIITIVI:!bi -, - , di 10 skri
SIMON JOHNSTON., Q. U. 4.• • 4
t R. St'SELLERek tO.;"13. It:Phatir P. !t'
!!)*.• locitskati EsToofei . ! OIaNDERITORTS
• ERSON & BRo,,
9 HEND
,4pau.an fr.
:10.„,,wi:loGet. ZSA ifibiotik•..
• .1 .3-
31717 ‘Ei.. Ma !!Wo..tf , . Rgaret MAO V42?iii 400 iitis
• ! atirtlln 1.. Ar.fl.l ..3ANL.I9 tG 'OS
fq 7/404150
?ISO
ito t" 'An NtAn ' ti L .'. l M
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on all tlieJeadingtopics,of Abe day, bohlqteligiontatud NG • ,
.ular. All the various schjecte :.that..prasert drumlins for,,
consideration, and that . ace w,lnfitythe, attention, of, ippellt.,
gent ann Pllrlotittr! PecP lo, Fadlfetlirl,Frc'in•
stand-point,.and ,in the : comprehensive spirit: of tahrhibua
andfl,abAr,V l P ene° ? i rt • i• •
Itrom the htfittlning.cr cur ;ProlcukNitticual,trouhle•Ohia ,
piper, while allying itself with no .political party, has ,taken
high and fearless ground in favorpf the Constitution seed the
regularly ordained Government„ .and. of the .preservation
at . M integrpy s of the Frdon. Ite i utterances have hewn firrr
and. dcetded and ,•they„lviAl 1 , 1-4iFtt, ; 12 ,n,, 1 4 : th? •
ap_tric of rebellion has bt'Ma entirely quenched, and. our Gov
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ernment once More firmly established,
Earogean
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view, repaumw and . gene q tat mammas. It .1111 a eoptpeota
hiltoty of the pr:ogOii afall4l.B in :Furor), that is iavai•
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glva a coratilato.liew :Of basineasp opinion, , ixligiana tow
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make 3 tho. Banner ajmo@tfvalnobleVPcOttlrY ifor 4 sfonflao ,
Lion coaseraing thaw : l:4l,ra, t 9 all readeys,
MIS
CONTRIB„ITTOILS:
„so *nue of iiinstnewcinappr i wcitess, in the
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OCCASIONACCORRESPONDENTS
ip all min of thelankir ,
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The CeliPfindißm of
Demestie =lntil'Foreign News-
, uprepare4:aritlt,tuutktare ; aml f Just now .04
4 tteliiiin the daily spent is often so uncertainand contrr
dictory that the weekly papers can give. by far themost rem
utimrfor. thelp li4,lffinee' the. op`p` ortutiitrfor Ogling
and corn:Mil:4dt '
finder the hail of
' P pas° NA
) the moat interesting incidents connected with indliVittidi of
ndfd, whetivr dead or tiring, are pnbiiehed
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. VAMTIES,
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liko.perton - zolgagmck *want.. yo - Ott of• Ten or mote,
strs.l,23. To Single Snbscribers at. SJ.SO, when eent by
To.:Singlesprbecriberelbißittebtlrgb:Or
.4opOlied by the Canter, et $2.00.
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X.)4AIVIDA.ACKINNEY ed.-00.;
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- 0114qWtlitDING *XIV lfiltS6lolo MERCLANIN'
blVir prig . VRIMA ARTICLES.
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