and wields a crowd at b*s will; thrilling
th3ir hsarts with emotion, and terrifying
heir consciences with the terrors of the
Law. Thus 'he has been preaching
with great effect on Glasgow Green:
He has , now returned to London, and
has begun to preach in the Victoria
theatre, Lambeth, which will contain three
thousand persons, and which is filled every
Sabbath evening,..- „
Before he went to Glasgow he had sev
eral week-night services' in the Caledonian
Road` Preabyterian 'church, London. 'At
one of these, his words told so powerfully
on a Nnavie who was a drunkard' and a
wife-beater, that the man came down the
aisle toward the pulpit, weeping bitterly,
Called his, wife to his side, acknowledged
his wickedness and cruelty, and declared
that by the help of God he would lead a
new life. Husband and wife then em
braced before the congregation, whose tears
flowed as freely as their own.
INDIA is still , occupying attention in'
o nue:ion with the new :income Tlix, which
seems to be regarded as a heavy;burden by
officers and civilians, and especially as it
was demanded retrospectively for a quarter
of a year. More than this, Indian securi
ties seem liable to income tax in. England
as' well as India, and this is causing an out
cry for redress, which I 'presume wi'l be
granted. But suddenly comes, the tidings
of the death of the Right Hon. James
Wilson, the bold and able financier who
went out as Lord Palmerston's representa
tive to resaseitate the resources of India.
The Income Tax measure was his own, and
it was a golden prize that was offerecrhim,
namely, a salary of £lO,OOO a year, with
honors and emoluments • in the distance.
And, alas I for human calculations, his
health began, early to 'fail, and while ad
vised to go to the : Hills, be remained in
Calcutta from his extreme anxiety to carry
out his own measures, threatened as they
had been,by Sir C. Trevellyan, and objected
to by General Outrun. And so he per
ished. He was once a , hatter, and his own
talents for calculation, and his indomitable
energy made him great. As the editor of
the Eronomist he , attained the, highest au
thority on matters monetary and c Ammer
cial, and as afterwards high in place at the
Board of Trade, his services were invalua
-ble. There has been- a fatality about his
rao,. ,Two or three years ago, his brother's
family were at the sea side. The' wife and
two daughters (I believe,) when bathing,
were suddenly swept beyond their ,depth ;
the father and husband with one of his
sons, rushed to their rescue, and they all
perished 1
Three eminent men have died the vic
tints to 'climate in India, within a very
short time. Lord Elphenstone, Governer
of
,the Bombay Presidency; Sir . Henry
Ward, who had been promoted to-be Gov
ernor of Madras (previously at Ceylon.) in
the room of Sir' C. Trevyllian reCalled, and
now James . Wilson. India may well give
the British Government continued anxiety. .
Her finances are- in a most unsatisfactory
condition, and must ultimately, I fear, press
heavily on England. A very large British
army will stiftbe retained, and -in Bombay
and Madras Presidencies, at least, there
will.be large native armies still.
" THE RELIEF OF LUCKNOW " is 'a glo
rious historical' painting now exhibiting
here, and which I have this week inspec -
ed.:'lt is of thrilling interest, and most
masterly in its execution. The •time is
that memorable hour and day,, when having
passed through' a girdle of lime, Have
lock; Campbell (now. Lord Clyde,) and
Outrain all meet, the two first eagerly
grasping, hands in mutual congratulations
evettwhile the fight still rages in the dist
ammo:tad the fires of conflagration are not
yet quenched. In the distant back-ground
onthe magnificent minarets and spires of
the public buildings, and near at hand, on
horBeback, or standing, are groups of dis
tinguished heroes, including the lamented
Captain Peel and Adrian Hope, with many
other officers': who still survive to wear
their honors. Here 'are wounded soldiers
in the foreground, and a Highlander pros
trate, under a sunstroke, having cold
water poured on his head. Here are some
of the men. of Hodson's Horse, and ele
p'tants (with their drivers,) and the field
guns slung, by their ponderous sides.. The
portraits—for they are-such—are accurate
and , admirable—from the life. You see
Havelock- bleached• and wasted by that dis
ease, brought on by superhuman exertions,
which two . days after ushered his 'now
spent frame to eternal rest.
These great pictures are already engraved,
and a print from this painting will cost
'five guineas. "Only lay by, sir, a shilling
a week' for two years, and it is yours,'? says
one of the. officials.
Tin INDIA Ho'usa, in Leadenhall
Street, venerable ; for the might:) , past of its
power and prestige in connexion with
roes nurtured, victories won, territories
annexed, and good and evil done on gi
gantic scale, is now - being rapidly robbed of
its contents, including precious memoran
da; MS. dispatches of great generals and
innumerable and peculiar belongings.
These are being transferred to new and
magnificent offices 'in Victoria Street, West
minster, near to the Abbey, much more ac
cessible to the officers' of State than in the
old locality. I was through the old, house,
th:s week. The debris and confusion were
very suggestive of the dissolution of" John
Company." The. fine and unique Museum
is not yet tOnched, and remains open for
public inspection till the end of the month.
Afterwards it will be transferred to Fife
House, in the West End. Ere now I have
described its'rare and .valuable contents at
length. The predious Library'of the India
House will also, haie a new and fitting
domicile. The East India House in the
City, will be 'sold. We .shall see it trans
formed, I presume, into a magnificent se
ries of merchants' chambers. The ground
on which it stands, is too precious to allow
it to stand a tenantless solitude, and it is
better that it should be so.
SCRIPTURE READINGS are held every
week at the'house of -one of the Episcopal
Chaplains, at Woolwich. I was present at
one of these by invitation from Captain
Hawes, a young ex-Indian officer, (now
connected with the India House,) who pre
sides at the Daily Prayer-Meeting in Cros
by Hall City. Here I found welcome
from Mi. Hare, the senior Chaplain, and
his lady. • There' were present two other
Episcoral Chaplains, juniors, and my co-
Presbyter, the Rev. William. Thomps( n,
who for twenty-years has• been a blessing
to both eivilhins and soldiers at Woolwich,
and who is alike the Christian gentleman
at.d the devout believer. .He is now 'occu
pying the post of an Assistant Chaplain,
and, is universally esteemed. At this meet
ing were present six .or seven military of
ficals of different, ranks, and a number of
their wives; also, young ladies and youths,
about forty in all. The meeting was in the
drawing-room. It was begun with a hymn
sveetly sung, to the piano leading; then
prayer was offered by Dr. Conquest, an em...
Abet Lendon physician, (who resides near
Woolnich,) tliid afterwards Mr. Hare read
&few verses from Ephes. vi.,, recalling to
mind the past readings and study of the
Christian armor (as set forth by Paul)
and inviting present attention to the words
pra.ying always," &c. The conversation
was earned on by the gentlemen, one ven
erable and aged lady alone offering one re
mark. It was edifying and without stiff
net* or formality. I had an opportanity
of giving particulars of Revival Fruits in
Ulster as lately ascertained, and as attesi el
hy authentic returns made by the Episcopal
e4irgy , tn:the -, Bishop of Down, and to.the
Dinierator, hy . three hundred and seven
Piekythriannuniatera When gleam:Tsai
heard •of not less than ten thbusand six
linndre..l,and sixty communicants added in
one year to the Presbyterian churches in
Ulster, there was both surprise and pleas
ure, prompting to great thankfulness and
to continuance in prayer.
Beal good is. being done at Woolwich,
among officers and soldiers. Nothing is'
more admirable than the moral courage of
young officers when they have been brought
to decision. They face the fire of the mess .
room which to many a man is more terri
ble
than the,discharge of grapeshot from a
battery. . He dm not cease to be a ;
perfect' gentleman, courteous, kind, cheer
ful, devoted to his profession`; but he is
firm to what is good and pure, and leaves
the haunts of vice forever. I know'of .one
such to whom * Captain .H..said suddenly,
one evening as they walked together, " Is
your soursafe?" 'He'started . 'as if he had
been struck. He hesitated and filtered,
then was silent. But when ;they two came
to part for the night, tie said," Depend up-;
on it, your words to-night shall not be lost."
From that time he'has• been 'a new man;
quietly courageous for the right, and full
of zeal to do good to some of those outcasts
who had been his former associates.
Among the cadets at Woolwich Artillery
College, Mr. Thompson has a Bible Class;
also a similar class among the soldiers. Of
these last, he told me one was an Ulster
eonveit of last year. Captain Orr, It. N.,
states that more than one hundred of the
youths employed under him at the Arsenal,
are holding fast to their profession. The
" Church in the army" is increasing in
India itself. Oh that all young officers
there, were Christian soldiers, indeed!
What but this can bear up their spirits un
der the exile-sadness of heartthat is almost
as universal now, as was, the," hOnie sick
ness"'to, 'Abereroinby's troops in Egypt,
wherithey beard the pipes play one of the
airs of' their native glens, or as the -Swiss
ever have been when far away from their
own mountains.
TTIE BARDS. OE WALES .(to 'Okla coun
try my, thoughts still naturally, revert in
connexion with. a. recent .visit,),are a class
by themselves. A true Bard is, at once a
musical composer. and a poet. There are.
twenty-four metres peculiar 'to the Welsh,
and a bard of eminence is ableto compose
lines suited for all. these metres. Their
poetry has 'a clenching, Of consonants into
one-another, which has no parallel - in Eng
lish verse. Many of the Welsh people are
opposed to these metres, and would wish a
free metre, i. e., any metre, like those of
English blank verse or otherwise.
There are thousands of bm ds in Wales,
following the ordinary occupations of life,
but Immo. the poetic 'gift. Some are pa
' thetie and tender; others majestic and ter
rible in their style: " Stanza of the Trin
ity," is an Epie•Poem similar to "Paradise
Lost." The anther's, name :is Davidd
-ionwawe, i. e.. David January." The
greatest living Welsh poet is Eben liar,
" the Bard Ebenezer." A great meeting
of bards was held at Denbegh, in Auguat,
1860. Thousands were present. 'A sum
of £2,000 was received, for tickets' bought
by. the people who attended. the, meeting.
Prizes for the best essays and poems, of the
value of £3O, were awarded.. - A bard is
chaired at every such
,meeting, and a Welsh
Baptist minister is this year the ,chaired
bard. Sometimes the bards publicly recite
their poems.
There is a great increase in the study of
the Welsh language, and. at the same time
a great increase in the number who learn
and study English. The theological books
of Wales are numerous. Now an educa
tional series is coming out. " The study
of the Welsh," I was assured, is not de
clining. The more English is studied, the
snore attention does . the Welsh tongue re
ceive as to ita structure and its literature."
Not long since, the study, of Welsh in day
- schools was, denonnee'd, as hindering the
study of English. "Thus a schoolmaster
timed to scold his boys for speaking Welsh
in school and neglecting English." " Talk-
Welsh," he cried, " will only take'you
ro Bangor." In other words, you cannot
i.;•o into the world without English. Now
'4oth languages are studied. J. W.
The Presbytery of Huntingdon
;Ueld its stated meeting in the Sinking
:;reek church, Oct. 2d, and was opened
'vith a sermon by Rev. S. M. Moore, from
Jas. : 24. •
A call from the church of Little Vallec,
br the pastoral services of the Rev. J. B.
;train. was read, and being found in 'order,
t was held in reserve, as it is understood
tie will accept.
The following minute was taken in re
•-,ard to the death of Rev. S. M. Cooper and
ley. G. Gray, who have deceased since our
a Ett meeting :
" While we rejoice to have learned . that
Ihese our brethren died in the triumph of
!fie Christian faith, we would feel ours,elves
:.shorted by their consistent lives and tri
smphant end to be faithful unto death,
that we too, with them, may wear a crown
life."
Rev. Dr. Agnew, of the M. E. Church
tas received as a member of. Presbytery.
Rev. C. M. Blake, of Harrisburg Presby
ery, Rev. P. P. Lal.c, of the Lutheran
'entral Svnixl and Revs. L. B. B:dcileand
no. De Moyer, of East Baltimore Confer..
ace, were invited to sit as corresponding,
withers. •
Rev. G. Van Artsdalen preached the nas
ionary sermon. Rev. J. 11. Barnard (or
Lev. G. Zahniser as' his alternate) was ap
ointed to preach the missionary sermon at
he next stated meeting.
MeVeytown was selected as the next
lace for the stated meeting.
Revs. A. B. Clark, S. Lawrence, and S.
lerrett, and ruling elders, Messrs. Porter
.I!nd Hutchinson, were appointed a commit
ii!e to visit Ashland Furnace and Galetzin,
*nd to organize a church if the way be
- Rev. 3. A. Patterson was dismissed, to
, nnneet himself with the Presbytery of
lanton. The following supplies were ap
,ointed.
SUPPLIES :
Beulah Church.—Second Sabbath - of
Rovember ' D. D. Clarke. Second Sabbath
December, J. IL Barnard. Second Sab
lt,ath of January, J. M. Galloway. Second
,''.abbath. of February, Thomas Stevenson.
;I:.econd Sabbath of March, S. FI. M'Donald.
Phillipsburg Chur:h.—Second Sabbath
4,f November, J. M. Galloway. Second
; 4 abbath of December, S.. T. Lowrie. Sec
ii,ad Sabbath of January, Dr. Gibson.
1!-econd Sabbath of February, S. H. 111'.Don
:aid. Second Sabbath of March, 3. Moore.
Ashland Furnace.—To be supplied by
litevs. Floyd and M'Donald alternately, on
econd Sabbath of each month; Mr. Floyd
'3 commence. Second Sabbath of November.
The churches of West Kishacoguillas,
:unity, Cottage, I.l6shanan, and Morris,
have leave to supply themselves.
The thanks of Presbytery were tendered
1 the congregation of Sinking Creek for
itheir kind hospitality.
Presbytery adjourned to meet at German
.lll, during the sessions of Synod, at the
',all of the Moderator.
T. M. Now a,
Temporary Clerk.
TENACITY OF Luz IN Fuous.—M.
I;teguin writes to the French Academy of
;:iciences that be has.made some experiments
i ) pon frogs enclosed in plaster •of Paris, to
mast, their asserted tenacity of life when shut
44 from the air. He has found , them alive
:rfter having been enclosed for a period of
4.:leven years. Of several enveloped in
Master nearly fifteen years since, he has two
l'ett which he desires may be opened in the
tremee of the Academy,
PRESBYTERIAN BANNER.--,SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1860.
For the Presbyterian Banner
tir . =6.bptcrinn -'..V0.4.tr.,
PITTSBURGII, SATURDAY, OCTOBER. IS, 1860.
tire Having purchased for our office the " Right" to use
Dick's Accountant and Dispatch Patent, all, or nearly all,
of our subscribers now have their papers addressed to them
regularly by a singularly unique machine, ,which fastens
on the white margin a small seared "address stamp." or
label, whereon appears their name plainly printed. Allowed
by the date up to which they have paid for their papers—this
being authorized by an Act of Congress. The date will
always be advanced on the receipt of stibicription in, neY,
in exact accordance with the amount so received, and thus
be an ever-ready and rated receipt; securing to every one,
and at all times, a perfect knowledge of his newspaper at
.eount, so that'ef any error is made he can itimediately de
tect it and have it corrected--a boon alike valuable to' the
publisher and subscriber, as it must terminate all painful
misunderstandings between them respecting accounts, and
thus tend to perpetuate their important relationship. '
*°'s Those in arrears will please remit.: , ;k!:
Rtvival.—The .Presbyterian states that
the church at the Forks of Brandywine, of
which Rev. J. N. C. G RIER, D. D., is pas- 1 ,
tor, is enjoying an extensive revival;
There are between seventy and eighty seri..
ous inquirers.
Board of Edocation.—Bev..P. 1). G unr.r.r,
D.D., of Washington, D. has been
,
elected - Seeretary of the Board of Educa
tion. The meeting of the Board was 'large,
and the vote unanimous: The choice we
regard as excellent. Our personal
quaintance with Dr. GunLES is riot inti.l
mate, but his reputation authbrizts a, large
confidence. We 'congratulate the Board
and the Church.
REV. 'MATTiIEIV BiLO{ITN,
The name'of BROWN will be had in
lasting remembrance. He was a great wan,
a good man, and a useful' man. Education'
and Christianity have felt }cis influence for
good—an influence which ceased not wilh
his natural life.f It still lives and spreads,
and will yet live and spread, in widening
circles. The Numni of Jefferson. College,
from 1822 to 1845, bear the impress of his
piety and energy. They are better Chria
tians and wore useful men, for having
been under his care. -
Some of the leading traits in Dr.
BROWN'S character, and a sketch of his
history, while, he was President of Jeffq.
son College, were presented in an Address
before the Alumni at the late Commence
ment, by Rev. Dr. MARKS, a member, of
the Class of 1830. That address has now been
published, and is worthy of being procured,
read, and preserved. In addition to 'the
reminiscences of Dn. BROWN, the address
gives a sketch of the Graduating Class of
1830, which is entertaining. Dr. M.s.axs
has done a good service to biography, in
collecting and publishing the facts which
are presented in his'lnimphlet.
*Axmaiss, delivered :at Jefferson College, at:
Commencement, August. 4, 1860. By ltev.4.•
Marks, D.D. Pp. 42, Bvo. Pittsburgh : : 11r.
Haven.
SYNOD OF CINCINNATI.
The late meeting of, the. Synod of Gin- -
einnati seems to have been characterised
by the harmony and attention to buSiness,
which have'been usual. The interest in a
Synodical College is kept up, and progress
is being made. The following is Synod'sl
action in the case :
Resolved, That the Bum of $85,000.00
the amount now subscribed by the'people
of Springfield, be *coed by thts Synod,:
the Synnii - orOhio concurring, as'detertuln
a
in. , the location,at that point, and while
the Synods accept this,amount, we are not
to be understood as releasing the people of,
Springfield and Clark counties, from the
obligation to continue the effort to raise
the sum of $50,060.0t) for purposes of build
ing. ,
Resolved, That the Trustees, in opening
subsCriptions for the endowment, he autho-,
rised to adopt a scale of scholarships, tem
porary and permanent, giving tuition to
holders, equivalent too the interest on the
amount paid, and providing that the money
shall 'be safely invested in mortgages on
productive real, estate, and shall not be,
loaned to any other fund of the institution
or used for any other purpose.
Resolved, That the Trustees be instruct
ed to draw up the obligations fefscholar
ships and other subscriptions for the per
inanent fund, making them payable, as
soon as $150,000 shall be subscribed..
' Resolved, That Synod, having determin
ed the lqcation at Springfield, do earnestly '
'invoke the zeal, faith and energy of the
Presbyterian Church and its friends, to, car
ry out immediately the original-design of a
first class university, on a basis of not less
than $250,000.
Resolved, That the Synod:of Sandusky,
as• most of it was originally dportion of the.
Synod's 'undertaking the enterprise of ,
founding a university of the Presbyterian
Church in this State, be cordially invited
to take part with the Synods:of Cincinnati
and Ohio in forwarding their. object, And
whenever ,they so signify, that they nave
their own representative in the Board of
Trustees,, and, their concurrence in the
measure adopted.
TEAIPORILITIES OF 'FIIE POPE.
The pertinacity with which the, Papacy
holds on to its secular power, is very great.
Sustentation on the voluntary principle it
cannot expect. To hold on to his Provin
.
ces, and maintain .them against his own
native-born and 'church-trained subjects, he
employs an army of ten thousand hired
soldiers from abroad, and these he has coin
mended by a foreign general, (this was' the
ease.)
These Provinces lie around Rome. A
correspondent of the New-York World says
of them :
"Before the war with Italy the States
of the Church -were divided into four Leg
tions, not counting, the district, of Rome.
The first tom; rued the provinces of Bolog
na, Ferrara,. and Revenria, and was
called Romagna. 'lbis is the portion which,
has been already annexed to Pitdmont.
The second, which separates the Romagna
from the Napolitan States, is composed of
the provinces of Urbino, Pesaro, Macerate,
Loreto, Ancona, Fenno, Aseoli, and Came
rino. It, is this portion of the Roman ter
ritory which is' commonly *known under
the name of the Marches, and is bounded
on the North 'by Romagna, on the East by
the Adriatic, on the South by the Neapolitan
territory,and on the West by the provinces
of Spolito and Perugia. The third Lega
tion is composed of the provinces of Spoli to,
Perugia, and Rieti, the first two correspond
ing to what is generally known under the
name of Umbria. The fourth Legation
comprises Velletri, Forsinone, and Bene
vento, the last province being surrounded
by Neapolitan territory. The district of
Rome is placed under'a special regime, and
consists of that city, of ' Viterbo, Orvieto,
and Civita Vecchia.','
The whole extent of these dominions id
12,042 square miles, with a population, in
1843, of 3,124,000. The, district which
it seems probable that Louis Napoleon will
secure to the Pope, contains 2,353, Italian
I square miles, and 469,000 inhabitants, viz.:
Rome and, the Camarchi" 320,000
b0r122A04 ami.(Kvita lireediiir26ooo:
ITALY, lIST,IPRESENT, ANiII FUTURE.
Italy has been the eentralicoint of in
terest, to the eivi i iiized.world, for more than
two thousand years. Several centuries be
fore the Christian Era, the Romans attained
a prominence which made them the ob
served, the honored, and the feared among
the nations. ln New Testament times,
Rome, 1. e., Italy, was mistress of the world;
and she continued to be so for very many
generations. Long after the loss of the
military supremacy, she held a supremacy
in religion, ° and had a leadership in litera
ture, .411fpli, combined, gave:her a political
,
influence, , causing all eyes to be turned
thither. And'even after the Reformation,
by which she was shorn of a large part of
her spiritual power, and of her political
influence; and, although the
,country wtis in
a dit,integrated condition, hing divided
into small Scatei, and some 'of these ruled
by foreign governments, and all of them
deOpi7i ctemoral;zed in every 'aspect, still
the attantion of m tnkiud has ever been
fixed upon her'!with deep interest.
At present she is in a - transition state.
A powerful government has arisen at Turin.
It has siallowed up Lombardy, Tuscany,
Parma, Arodena; and several other depart- r ,
ments. A revolution fostered .by that
Povier„ and conducted by' its emissaries,
has• put to, flight the Sovereign ,of Sicily
and Naples, uptUrried•some of the Roman
Piovinees,,and is pressing bard .upon . the
seat itself of the Papacy. • The temporal'
power of the Pepe is ,almost anal I a e
arid his °spiritual influence' has waned . great
ly. , The present Of Italy, is turmoil, reveL'
lation, , change, uncertainty. - ;The Penin
sula is eVidently in a transition state.
There. is, • not• merely !an. uprising of'the
people„,,lo settle down - again in their old
condition; not merely a flight of kings and
princes, to be speedily restored. Ihe thithrs
gaing on therebelong to the world's
,prog
ress. There is intelligence, as well as feeling,
at the batten/Alit, and we 'trust.' that refbr
motion is to result from' revolution. But
thereis still-rebut for fears. Events 'mite
more rapidly than experience has found to
be always the' symptom of Stability. The
character of the country . when things
come to settle down, depend much
upon the ambition or patiioastn, upon the ;
selfishness or disinterestedness of :a strong;
willed, successful, and popular warrior;
GARIBALDI ; and upon the wise firinnessuf
Viotoit EMMANUEL; and upon the pru
dence and tenacity of COW;T. CAVOUR ;
, and upon the crenerosity of Louis NAPO
LEON ; and upon the
..fears of FRANCIS
, JOSEPH. ; Itild upon the old line, policy, or
the liberally progressive bearings of Eng
land, PrUsaia;' and Russi k a: 'But the pres
ent of Italy is agitations" and' evertUrninga.
The future of Italy is an uncertainty.
Many things indicate favorable results.
S nue things are adapted to awaken fears.
We are not of 'tliose who Say 'that any,
change must be a' benefit. Bad as is the
despotiim of Austria, and the cruelty of
the King of Naples, and the spiritual
tyranny of the papacy, they 'are mild' and
tolerable compared with anarchy, or with
the 4ilesolating 1 - influence of infidelity:
I'aly desires liberty, and it wants a gov
ern
To give the government the due • strength,
there needs to,be an ihfluence Vont without.
_ .
T giVe the government a due popularity,
it needs to rest; i upon a home sentiment,
and to be sustained` frau within. A wise
combination and application of the two
needs, is the, desideratum.
There is a very strong public sentiment,'
that Italy should become a united State.
It is not only ;Italy for 'the Italians, but
Italy is a centralized kingdom,
,Italy as a'
unity in government; and like France.
Austria, or Great Britain, one of the great
powers of, the earth. To the accomplishing
of this, many things , are now favorable..
The whole Peninsula desires it. The
liberalised 'sentiment of England and the
United States,-favor it. One part of Italy,
that is Sardinia; has a government, strong,
firm, liberal, wisely conducted, with, a good
eenstitution, , a representative Parliament,
and a SOVeieign whci pOsseSSea ability;'Pru-
dense, and energy; to which all the 'other
parts might be attached, and being attach
ed, the desired end would be ace,omplished.
GARIBALDI, the idol of the people, with all
his strong will and self reliance, is still
the friend of law and order, and, so far,
seems wise enough to know that a union ,
upon himself is not, a. thing readily, practi
cable—though the success of the first and
third NAPOLEONS are examples'very tempt
ing to the aspirations 'of anibition. 'Ti .e '
general similarity of religious views,'
throughout the , whole country, is also
favorable to a political unity, , .
But still, with all`these things so power
fully inviting to unity,' there are &Soul
ties hard to be overcome. One King,. one
State, one Capital, one Government, - from
the : Alps to the. Adriatic,, the :Straits, ,and,
the Mediterranean, is ateautiful idea. The
distracted Italians may well be kred with
it. But how are all the obstacles to be
surmounted ? Italy has been divided for
ages. The habits, and the innate attach
ments of the people, are to 'the peculiarities
'of their several Provinces, Principalities,
and . Kingdoms. Where shall be the seat
,
.of .power for the whole country? Will 'it
be at Turin, Rome, 'Naples, Flofence?
Each of these cities, has been a capital for
centuries; and how could three , of them
y - eld 'their importance I How could they
bear to become second rate places—mere
Iprovincial towns!'
And
And then the people of Italy are not'
homogenous in* their origin. There are
vast dissiMilarities among them. They
have not commingled, as we do in the
United States, so as to become one people.
M. PARINI, Minister of the Interior in the
Cabinet of Turin, has well said:: ti The
Neapolitan is partly Greek ; Ihe Sicilian
partly African; there is Frank and Bur
gundian blood in the Piedmontese; while
the Venetians are the descendants of the
ancient Sarmatian tribe of the Betted or
Veneti, who Settled in what is now Lom
bardy centuries before it became Lombardy.
All Northern Italy has Gothic and German
blood, and it :is not more than 1,100 years
since Ravenna was the oapital of a Greek
province." ihese differences of .origin
'must still bel f
disturbing elements, notwith
standing the numerous invasions of the
country by G i aul. and Teuton, Goth, Hun,
and' V,andtd;' l Greek, 'Saracen' and Norman,
Frank, Spaniard, and German. -These
intrasiona from abriad- 'Mak MC &knit
es; but still, the separations into pro-
Vinces in a measure independent and hav
ing .different governments, prevented that
kind of amalgamation which would favor a
yielding and harmonious unity. One.king,
one State, and one government, then, can
be accomplished, peacefully, only under a
kind of federative system, such as is in Eng
land, and in this country. There must be
no attempt to destroy the municipal ele
ment, . no arbitrary portioning of the coun
try. Old divisions, must be respected.
The . fundamental laws and established cus
toms of the different parts and portions
must be retained, and the modification and
administration left with the people. And
there is ground for, hope that 'this may be
the ease
, g We ought not to forget," says M.
FARINI, from whom we quoted stove,:
".that these autonomies will be .respected ,
by no one more than by him who desired
to 'conciliate the national sentiment of the'
Italians, when he said, in an admirable
spirit
of concord, that ltaly could find
arength, prosperity and durable peace only
in becoming a united State. It is neces
sary to, distinguish carefully between . the
idea that these different moral centres may
be the bases of a national circumscription
of the State, and the impression lett by
those 'ancient States which kept Italy par
celled out and subjected to, a system of set v
itudo that was (so to speak) inextricable.
It would` be acting contrary to the national
conscience to construct an administrative
representation of States,
whibh should be
irrevocably` condemned by the will of the
natiop, 'principally because theydo not cor
respond 'with the natural geography• and of
the historical life of ltaly;.hut , have oftener
beep the consequence of treaties made by
foreign poyers, and of the long and unfor
tunate conquest which has weighed upon
the national rights. 'l6 new circumscrip
tion, or laying out of boundaries, ought to
respect and reestablish, where it is neces
sary, the natural centres of Italian life, but
shoUld not necessarily follow or maintain the
PolitiCal divisions. The limits of these
districts once established, it will be neces
sary to determine their aitributions."
This promises fair._ But still; the way
,
wardnesi of Man is such that fears may well
mingle withhopes, in the minds of philan
thropists. The reorganization of Italy
Will, in' the most favorable circumstances,
be a Acuity, and under untoward circum
stances; flay be attended with much blood
shed, and become but a partial etuanci pation.
It the POpe shall withdraw his pretensions
to secular dominatiOn, and France not inter
fere, and GARIBALDI' prove to be another
WASRThOTON, the, future of Italy will loom
up brightly.
The dams of the times, and the Word of
prophecy. combine sufficiently,,to draw out
from the Church the Prayer of faith. The.
day of the power of the• I3east, and of the
'False Prophet, is evidently drawing to a
: The hour,• of redemption is near.
In the anticipation of political triumph,
the people of Gbd are called to spiritual and
religious activity.
,Like DANIEL, counting
the days, and belieVing the time, to, be at
hand, they should be the more importunate,
and Bhould manifest the tribe earnestness of
their prayer by using the instrumentalities
of blessings-they shohld send the herald
and the written Word, and fill the land with
light '
i ~,.
FAYETTEVILLE.
These journals asked us some questions
relative to the employm'ent of Secretaries
in the Boards. In our issue of .September
22d we ,responded r in a, few paragraphs ex
tending to about one-third of a colunin, and
requested them to give our answers to the
smile public before whom they had interro
gated us. The Narth 'Carolina has not
yet intimated that we• gave any. answer.
The 11e7.ald thus notices us :
,DR. M'KINNEY ON SECRETARIES.
Wi . migleeted to tootle°, 'lap. week, that our
friend' Dr: WlCauwEr is still-harping. on: his old
string-of:Secretaries of the Boards.; . ' We asked
him to give a reason why he has: continually as
sailed the Board of Domestic Missions for years
. past for Eaving two Secretaries in Philadelphia,
While he passed , by . the Boards' of _Education and
Foreign Missions, with - commendation for their
economy, When' they each 'bad . three for a time;
He answers , by, simply, asserting that, there is
more,work , to'be done:bribe Secretaifeeotthe two
latter Boards than by those of the'Botird of
meStic , Missions:: • ,!• 7 -•' , •
,That "old; : string" had become quite in
durated, and is exceedingly tenacious. It
will endure much' thumbing yet, pot only
by the Banner, but by Presbyteries; Synods,
tied' Assemblies, beforeit will yield. But,
that matter aside, we certainly ought to be
thankful to' the Herald and its collaborators
'for keeping so constantly and prominently
tie name of our'senior' editor before the
Giristian public. And the fact that they
do this in utter violation of editorial cour
tesy and gentlemanly jOurnalisM, Shows how,
deeply they are interested in the accom
plishing of in ,cod. „And even though
their design under a central inspiration,
m.tybe to " crush him," still, for him, we
need epress no regrets. They thui iden
tity him with a noble cause, the cause of
the GosperS . ,Spread, threngh an ~efficient
and. acceptable; administration of .Church
affairs.'; the cause of the masses of Cluist's
ministers and people, against the few, who
would be lerds over God's heritage. And
the fact that he still stands elect,. after
years of such a combination of effort against
him; shows that, he advocates , a principle
which is founded upc n rectitude, and dear
to the churches.
But as to the remarks of the. Herald, we
must say that it most grossly misrep
resents our answer to its interrogato
ries. We "responded briefly, so that
there 'might be no excuse for want of
space. We again ask that our re
sponse.to the questions propounded, shall
be given, in ourown words. One-third of
a column is but a small space to appropriate
to a response which was called for so em
phatically.
On. .
One; additional remark of the .fferald de
mends a notice. It says :
We must believe that,Dr..ll'llinirr will find
it drificult to convince, the Church, at large, that
that Board (Education) requires more men, te .
conduct .ite operations, and make it effective,
than the Board at Domestic Missions, which : has
its more• than six hundred missionaries to teed
and correspond.with.
If the implications here were fade, we
might find it difficult; and the more so as
we can have access to but a very small part
of the Church "at large," and have to
contend against the opposition of men whO
are interested in having things concealed,
or misunderstood. , But. the facts are very
different from the implications. They.are
these: • . -
1. We do not nair for moriSecretaries in
the Board of . Education than in, the Board
40 - Dokne*ki MfwAonet. The - tr • R•oted
has now four, and we have asked for the
dismission of but one of them.
2. The Secretaries at Philadelphia do
riot have a more than six hundred mission
aries to feed and correspond with." The
Secretary at Louitiville has charge of the af
fairs connected with three hundred and three
of them. The Secretary at NeW Orleans
attends to all the South-West. The South
ern Presbyteries attend pretty generallY to
their oWn, merely reporting to the:Board.
Ifenee, but about one-half of our mission-1
cries are connected with the office itt,Phil-!
adelphia. Strange that the Herald should:
make such a statement as that just quoted.
3. The Board does not feed " the Mis
sionaries. It, under its present regime,
manifestai as all may know, quite a desire
to have the missionaries feel the implied:
dependence. But no. The churches
which they serve, supply the main part of
the support. And for the residue, other:
churches. raise the funds, on the plan of
Systematic Benevolence, and send to the
treasury. The Presbyteries; then,
,at the:
request of the people, ratify the, location
of the laborers, vote the amount of money,
needed, and send on the order to the Board.'
This assumption of discretionary power.
and of personal importance by the officers
of the Board, and their' display of a pat. :
ronizing spirit, sheuld be rebuked. The:
churches raise' the funds, and they by them-;
selves and their Piesbyteries, vote the dis
tribution.' And the missionaries are free-
Men, subject only to the Presbyteries of
which they are a part. They are not "fed"`
by the Board's bounties. They depend
not, and should not feel that they depend,
for their bread Upon Secretaries' volition&
True, a Secretary may, in various ways,
use his position for his own benefit; but
such use is an assumption, and is to be re-'
slated.
Our officers, and many of them are
such, who feel that they are serving
the Church, in an honest and devoted exe
cution of her will, are had in honor; and
no Man who designs conscientiously to
perform the functions of a Secretary, has
the slightest fear of :criticism. He knows
well that he will be sustained by a gener
ous spirited and confiding people.
EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE,
NZW-YORK, October 8, 1860.
To come to this city from our own, re
quires usually but a short time and little
fatigue. But our late passage was longer
than usual, and demanded a great outlay of
patience. After an excellent ' . supper at
Altoona, the train made good time until
seven' miles below Huntingdon,' when we
were suddenly stopped by the breaking of
the axle of the driving wheels" and the
engine leaving the rails. Fortunately no
one "was-injured, nor was there any alarm.
Most of
,the passengers were asleep, and
those awake scarcely felt the shock. How
ever we Were totally helpless, alaint thirty
miles from a locomotive on either side; and
•
seven 'wiles from. a telegraph 'station.
There is hardly another spot on the entire
line of this noble road where .we`could
have been as •far from, help. in due time
a' locomotive was obtaind, and the men
went to work to -remove-4he--Astrambitnir
to not 111.1 Girl° uNAITC}..
the"way.clear. In the meantime the train
that left six hours after us, and also the
train that left twelve hours after ours,
came._up. The trains were united, thus
making a single train of fourteen cars, to
find its way to the ".Quaker City," out of
time, and with several hundred passengers,
without breakfast, and not more than one
in ten were able to get any dinner at Hay-
• .
risburg. But to their credit, it must . be
said, +there was but little complaining. A
aeneral feelina of thankfulness seeaied to
prevail that no one had. been killed or
,in
jured, and it Was evident to all that the
conductors and other employees were doing
their utmost to bring thalarge number of
human beings entrusted to them, to their
destination in safety. At length we reach
ed the depot in Philadelphia at half-past
nine- in the evening, instead of -twenty
minutes after five in, the,morning. . A few
years ago. this would have been considered
rapid travelling, but the present generation
is not satisfied with this.
New York has just now an , immense nun ; ,
ber of strangers within its limits. Amer
icans returning from Europe, and Europe
ans who have been spending the Summer
in this country. and are about to enibai;k :
for home, are congregated together. Mer
chants, seekers of pleasure, invalids, peo
ple of leisure, &c., are... here from the
South, West, North, and farthest East.,
Cars and steamboats landing large additions
almost every hour. The hotels are Crowd.:
ed to their utmost capacity. Rooms vae
ted are at once filled up. Many merchants
are here attending the large auction ;sake
of silks and other goods that are :now
taking place; and ladies froto, distant cities
and towns are here busily engaged• in the
absorbing business, of "shopping..", A
man like ourself that knows nothing. of
the tactics of this engrossing matter, but
keeps his ears open, is able to gather from.
the conversation of-dry goods men and
ladies, that the flaunting colors• so lunch in
vogue for the last two years, have been vo
ted ont . of "fashion," and, along with them
the robes and flounces have gone overboard.
Small figures and quiet colors, are now the
rage, 'according to these oracles. The
same persons also, express the opinion that
the, high priced India shawls,. coveted so
eagerly, it is said, by many feminine hearts,
has also had its day. It is true this article
_is rare, and
, ean hardly be worn out. But
people begin to doubt whether it is in the
best possible taste, to say nothing of the
economy of the thing,,to pay from $2OO to
$1,500 for an article, that for aught they
may know, haa been worn for a lifetime by
some greasy Mohammedan. Even luxury
cannot be altogether safe from contact with
what may not have been at all times scrupu
lously clean. Missionaries can enlighten the
devotees of fashion about their cast' off
Mohammedan garments, so as to instruct
them, and at the same time save their
money. "
The hotels are.doing a most, prosperous
business, and are. conducted on a• scale of
mag n ificence not at all approximated in
any other city of the •Union. The "St.
~
Nicholas is the largest, and the one best
patronised.. It covers . twenty-two lots of
ground, amounting to one acre and three
quarters;: and is stories high. The en
tire toot Uf the groiusdi-buikiinget t Ansi.
ture, and, htures, was 81,900,000 ! The
proprietors are Messrs. -.TORN P. TREAD.
WELL, JOHN PACKER, PETER ACKER, an d
Vinair, WHITCOMB, each of whom has
separate department under his supervision.
The number of domestic servants is thre e
hundred and twenty-five, and nearly one .
thousand guests are at present in the house,
And yet there is no disorder, no crowdin g .
The " St. Nicholas" is self-lighted. Th e
Gas-hbuse is a detached building i n the
rear, on the, West side of Mercer Stre e t.
The.hotel proper, independent of the laud.
dry .and stables, contains two thousand fi re
hundred burners, which consume e very
night from ten thousand to •eighteen thou.
Sand feet of gas. Rosin is the only mate.
vial used ; since from its greater density,
four feet of rosin gas is supposed equal t o
seven feet of coal gas ; so that the eon.
sumption per night' may be stated as a t
least equal to from eighteen thousand to
thirty thousand cubic feet of the latter,
This•:will give ottr readers some vague idea
of this vfonderful establishment, conducted
on a system so perfect that every guest r e .
eeives every attention without a moment`z
delay.
It is often remarked that while Metho
dists, Baptists, and especially Episcop a .
liens, are always careful to seek out and
attend churchei of their own denomination,
when away from home, many Presbyteria ns
seem to have little desire to know the state
of their own churches in other places, and
to manifest little inclination to attend upon
their services, when other ichurches open
inviting doors to them. And probably the
remark is well-founded, for no other people
have as little denominational zeal as is
found among 'Presbyterians, for the most
part. There is reason to believe that they
have scarcely enough, in order to be faith
ful to the Church, and the King and Head
of the Church. Others have taken advan
tage of this, and in some places, owing to a
want of a true Presbyterian life in the peo
ple, have made sad inroads on our churches.
This ought not to be. Fidelity to our past
history, arid to the glorious principles upon
which our Church is based, requires us to
love her, to cherish her, to rally around
her, and whilst exercising the highest de
gree of charity and liberality of sentiment
toward other denominations, show to the
world that, we are not ashamed of the old
banner under which we march. But there
is really a difficulty in the case of many
visitors here. Most of our churches are a
long distance from the large hotels—espe
cially those in the lower part of Broadway.
In
,this Part of the city the Episcopalians
and the noted Universalist, Dr. CHAPIN,
have the only churches on the great public
thoroughfare. Moreover, people who have
no acquaintances hei-e, often find it exceed
ingly difficult to Yearn the location of our
own churches, from those in attendance at
the hotels. It would be an excellent thing
to have bulletins'stating where our churches
are located, and the hours of service, in all
the 'principal hotels, as is done in some
other cities. The proprietors would wil
lingly afford any facility for this desiraWe
object.
A call for an Infidel Convention was
publitamti rir r,--an3--Teisterttzty
-rhts — nutectai:44-I..ay_met in the City As
sembly Rooms, where they are &till in ses.
sion. But the world -moves 'on as usual;
nobody'seems alarmed. Neither the num
ber nor the character of those engaged in
this public movement is such as to awaken
even, much curiosity. They seem greatly
incensed because treated with so much in
difference.-
Mr. BONNER comes out with the an
nouncement that he has secured the Presi
dent of the United States as a contributor
to the Ledger. The letter 'to BONNER,
from Mr. BUCHANAN, ,is published, in
which the latter promises to prepare a
sketch ef_the lire and character of that pure
and uprightstatesuaan, WILLIAM LOWNDES,
just as soon ashis public duties will per
mit. BONNER is indefatigable, and 'every
few months manages to call public atteu
doh to his paper by some new and skillful
moveigent.
tr4i.
The paper lately started by the more con
servative portion of the Methodist Episco
pal Church, called The Methodist, has been
a deeided success. No less than S6)00
were actually paid in to place this paper
upon a proper by zealous Methodists,
With the promise of as much more as logy
be needed: In this way the managers of
the concern have been able to expend
already some $5,000 in advertising. What
do our Presbyterians say to such zeal and
liberality as this?. It is reported that the
old 'organ of the Methodist Episcopal
Church, the Christian Advocate and Jour
nal will Soon make a demonstration to head
off its Youthful but vigorous cot% etitor.
The distinction offered to the wife of the
Governor of New York, Mrs. MoiturAN, of
op - ening the ball in honor of the Prince of
Wales, has.been gracefully declined by that
lady. She states that she is not a " (lancing
woman," and begs leave to be excused.
She is a member of Dr. POTTS' church. and
is not willing to compromise her Christian
profeSsion' to honer even England's future
We trust that this example may
not be without its effect in encouraging
other members of our churches to be de
cided enough to refuse to yield to solicita
tions of this kind, whenever presented.
No one thinks less of Mrs. MonoAs for
the stand she has taken, and even theatre
goers, and ball-goers- too, admire her
consistency, and speak in its praise.
What a pity that more of such con
sistency is not Jen now-a-days. Tie
Church never gained anything by conform
ing to the world; no professing Christi
ever gains anything, even in the estimatioa
of worldly: people, by acting inconsistently.
..The church of the late Dr. J. W. AL N'
is still With Out a regular pasta.
DT. KIRKPATRICK of Charleston, has been
supplying the pulpi t for the last fear wee
This englgemept, will expire next Sabbath-
Dr. THinswELL returned from Europe
- on Saturday last, and preached in I'r-
MeEtuov's church yesterday afternoon.
His health is greatly improved, and be
preached with all his wonted vigor.
The Adriaqe sailed on Saturday, crowded
with passengers, and among them was Mr.
It' FAHNESTOCK and lady, formerly of
Pittsburgh, but now of Philadelphia. Mr.
F: ' 4 .oes abroad fur', the benefit of his health,
and will be absent for a year or more.