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'...: -.3,1 1,.1.' 43 :*-,4 1 4-... , ,'.. „.; .. ~ , , „.,i1 ';'.i•...,r,..:, •„. .., 01' it, •,:.,,,...,,,,, ...,..',. ;; „... r : 3 - _; 1 ... ,ii I, I I' ' , ..1., act • {l. • 1 •,:cf i..ne .. b_. , ... Mia , ...4411.-4 , • ' • . .... ' -1i ' X.,d... , , L T A ~ '''' ....'. .. , 1 ,1' ' '' 3 1 :' " i',....,.Z ..‘: .S. •,•,2,:_,L. - ,,ci , _.... . __ -..• 'I • •::::a__....•_•_•'r. I` . >- - '4. .-' •" - , "-• ' " _ , .... 1 ' -:. -. ~...: -- . 4 ,..,..?.. 7C1Y''' ' - ft+ - ". Mil= , ty ',l3loVire. V .04,00;• VI E ; ...“ ^ i'77t . •••.: „ i''' , liitritis _iitsiAti(l;-i a" the A'fincitet•iind 7iforise of ." itOideit . a'tifili 9 k , • , ?if health "tc, haii:plisdedt' , '•Voithese„ anti ' tot I,lli inifrdied , condition 'of; our WatiOiiiii at - Rita; our 'feitetVed - aud profound fi•odwe ierriaid in peaceinefrieddship l *ith Nivetu. Th*eifidigiit disloyal citizetni Of the- United States to firiolVe itr, foreign 'war, to aid iii htsuireetion, hate been unavait. ink.' tleriNtinnie Majesty's Goieriament• AS`Was justly eipeotect: haVe etereised their authority, to prevent the departure . of tie* tiostEle expeilMona fied British ports. The Einpaier °Mince h'as, - "by a tike ptoceed ing, promptly vindicated the dentmlity Which he proclaimed ; at the. beetling of the Contest. Qiiestioni of great intrienty atia importance haye . arisen out of ' the blonde.' and other hellige'rnt,operations bet*eed the' GoVern /tient and several .of the maritime Poivers, but they hate been diseadSeit and; so far as was Possible; accommodated in .a spirit of frankness, jditice, add =fatal =good wilt. It is especially gratifying that our pike courts, by Ale impartiality of their adjudica tionsflave;bornmande'd.the respect and , eon fidence of nuitititne Fitoiters;' The. supple neatal treaty beettreen the ..U -itod'States and: Great Britain, for ihe,'Mtp -pression •of-the -African-slave trade, made on —the-4-7th-day-ef-Felyrttary-lastiha;been--d ly ratified and carried into exncutiota" • It is believed thai; - fio far ire AMerican pests and Ait - dridateiti - teiis — are ciincerncd, that inhtr- Ulan and odious traffic has been brought td an end. I shall submit for the Consideration of the Seaate a colivention for the• adjdstment of possessory claims in Wailington .Territory, arising "out of the treaty of the 15th of June, 1846, betsvdOin the United States and Great Britain, and, islich have been the source of kun'e disquiet among thB • citizens of that new rapidly i'Mproving.part of the totintry. 4 hovel and important question, "itivolv the 'extent Bt—the-maritime—jurlsdietion et'Spain in the Waters which surientid the island of Cuba, has been debated "without teaching an agreement, and it is ptoposed, in an amicable spirit, to refer it to the arbi trainent ciffriendly ~Vower! '„ A eenven ticni- a purpose will be Isilbraitted tO the Senate. I have thought it,proper, sitbject to itth approval of, the Senate, to concur with 'the intereated'ccininereii.l f)weri n iin arreng& Intent fOr the liquidation of the Scheldt 3ncs; upon ,the principles which have been here= tofore 'adopted in regard to' the itlipists up: otrnavigatio'n in the waters of Denmark.,—' 'The long pendingz controversy :between this Gisvertnnhot and 'that of OWE, .touching thh rtirtt, bers, ,o it large arnount in treastlret',belorig; ing:to eiti2ens of the United States, has been'brought 'to a elosd , by the artard of his Majesty thh , King of the Belgiatia; to whose "tti•bitration the questiott Was refefred by the parties, : The subject"*at thorefighly,and patiently Ciamined by that justly-respected magistrate, and, although the. BO awarded to the blailifaets may nit ha - te bOts so large tts;they C*pected, : There is no reatiOle to _ dis trust the wisdom, of his MajestY6 decision. That ileti4ion Was promptly colilplicd with by - Chili when intelligence id regard to it reached thatcountry. - .',Tire-joinvcornmission under the act of the last session for carrying into effect the con •Vention -with Tern, on - The subjbot of - claims, Guts been orenized at Lima, and is engaged in the business entrusted to it. Diteul,oei ceriebreing hijello64iirtie tran sit are in' court of anii- cable adjustment: I n conformity h pi ncip9es-set forth th my last mind -rimes blaze, Ota'§ reeiNti a repreOniative from the-United StateS . itif Columbia, and have redAd a minister 1:o that republic. ID.Cidbots-occurrincOn_the_pregrets_of_onr_ biVil ;I'ter have ,foreeci upon my attention the —Uncertain State of 'international 'lineations tnutik b notliii ,:foreignerti:'.in this s fetsUn'trritinTe l ribe tiiited•Stales cMiiens'u .bizadl,., Iu r,c - gard some • , Governments, , ibese,rights ere, at least partially, defined 'by ;treaties,: In no instance, hnweeer, ex pressly:stipulated that - , la the event of Civil war, a foreigner )rosiding i ulhis country, tWlineg,actitt , ,,inattrgents, to be nicif OA' ~ r' io 'Which • classes ' a ilelligerent, :In • whose - behalf the l'i-iii . ;;4l,‘ti!Mciiblilltliia--7exitintcy cannot --Peitprass ,a4,,pr4flego ,612 aislikiet :from that; charaerer,„.:. ; I regret • to ,',sa,Y," licithVer, • tillat :kick !;''olftitos,,chave becti„put , i `fe e ttaid, - Inid; ; litistinin instances, , behalf tali:444n :Wi'dfd.7hiii•Olitkill in Ow Uoited•StatO .the igtP4CO4lO4 • '',", l l l lttreisJrcaaon , to..nelieve that liffiny ,:toer iie4.biii'n;ilCifinr,eio,,cothtiries who :have :de bl4iici,khelkinteittion ;le become: eitinone r ;or tintAralized, bare eVe -‘6.d ilitau duty -gelliked 'of 'Allem by ' np. „on ge ; triad. It obtain.4iB44 , 6ol"kw o ittke .w4qt.r. ,l . 6 L* - triP3k. lOlthb ProtkM4onrcgsntinfornittion.,,-, Thele ,foligittife,so t pptie . dly r:cquiring•tfic Clerks br -courts -wlicire-dcolit';,iith'ipit 7 :''lX--LOniino'ii*t i im - ulitolllr Nitairaljz‘tithl ~Cfre;oo.lA- 0 - -s co Cl7O CAC +l St ffI'LIIES ArafriciintanAporsoitp, t 64 liceonts u citiscUS,*:il!opoAtitie,iifilit' .r.taliloryi.Linn;whose;.:44 l l4iiAlkillQW:gfres - arranged ,painted, vim; itiforinatiOn i !; - ".Abbnik'diso reason to beiiei.e that fliiiii r ii i iiti'Vehne6ily''biebtaik - ciiiens of Unitedeathr t ihrspie c pierpnsc--ofc irading thVantierlroplil!e4 - tfp the laws of itattoball'444: l 4 l i 4 1 (1 7 4t,•,ire 11 *Pair t ;• 1 0 4 ; dhow+ sineriretar.p big; tp, te:q '11 , 14 stilt kataiin• thiAtet6rpoptsioii,irrltt4l.6~ov 'ernfact4loli-billtens:: Illinly - •sitereartolonsvitr . r at ejtplicthi ; licretofete-arisetr, , . ;•-•. • i 1 j I 1; ; 1 91 - 1: ;tI ()tr.( Ill* ; ~ , . • • •••••• • • , • ••• •' ' . t aiiirigSratlirt‘ 1 1 4 , 01;V:01074SZMPr, ;.' aiLttzeal -122. It I r + __~' ~i .. .~ =ME . , afthis''sbusel It id- thereforeaubmittetk to youi editions consitleretiea. It, aight 0,- ad trielat te, beyond.' Which ,no at& or.tlie UMW SW:O, '.kai ili ng abinad, Olefin the' idtiiipdaition Geverninent.=z The tight efaufferage hailefteriimen'ass.u.4e exercised. by eliens,,under preiendeS of 'tantalization, which they have diseWbed when 'drafted into 'the 'Military service; iserhinit the'dipedieneY of such an arneidtheirt Of the lawette Will make.the' fact 'ef: voting ad' estoppel Against ; any plea of, exemption from military service, or ether civil 'Obliga tion, on the groUnd of alienage. In common with other western Pnefets, Otir relations with..lapen have been brought into 'serious jeopardy thrOugh the perierse opposition of the hereditary aristocracy of the empire to the enlightened , and liberal policy of the Tycoon, designed to bring the country into the 'society of datiaiii. ' hoped, althotigh not with entire coal:knee, that these "difficulties may be peacefully over come. I milt your attention to the claim - of the minister residing there for the damages he sustained in the destrinatien•by,fite ofthe residence of the legation at Yeddo. Satisfactory arrangedients hafe been bade with the Emperor of Russia, which it' is be lieved will result effecting a continubuti line of telegraph through" that Empire from our Pacific cont. I recottimend to: year fa vorable con'side'ration the subject of an ternational telegraph' mots the Atlantic o ' eanltsri telegraph between *this capital and' the hetional forts along the At- lactic seaboard arid the Gulf of Mexico.— Such' Conerodnication, establieled with any reasonable outlay, would be economical. as well as effeetive aids to the diplomatic, mili tary, and daval service. The consider System of the United. States, under the enactments of the • last Congress; begins to he self-sustaitring,'and there is rea ebn to hope that it may become entirely so; *itla the increase of' trade which will ensue *henever peace is restored. • Our; ministers abroad have been faithful in dEfendini American rights. In protecting oth commercial interests; our consuls have necessarily had to encottmer increased labors and responsibilities, growing out of the war. These they have, for the most part, met and discharged with zeal add efficiency. This ac knowledgment justly includes those consuls who; residing in Noroceo l Egypt, Turkey, Japan,. China, and other Oriental countries, ere charged with complex functions and ex traordinary poWers. " .The condition of the several organized Territories isgenerallY'sdtisfactory, although the Indian disturbances lit New Mexico have not been entirety suppressed.. The mineral resources of - Colorado, Nevada, Idaho, New Mexico, and Arizona, are proiing far richer than has been heretofore Understood. I lay before you a tomtnanication on this subject from the Governor of New Mexico. I again to yotit consideration-theexpediency of establishing a system for the encourage ment-,of imigration. . 'Aithatigh this source - of national wealth and itredgth is as in flow ing with greater freedom. , than for - stitetal years Before the; insurrectioti occurred, there is still a great deficiency of laborers in every field of industry, 'especially in agriculture, and in Our minete as well of iron and coal as of the precious ttintals While the demand for.labor is thus increased here, tens Of thou sands of persons; destitute df remunerative Occilpation, are tlitcniaing obit foreigniconsu fates and offering to 'emigrate' to the United States if essential • but,veryebeap assistance can be afforded them: It is easy to see that, und'e'r the sharp . discipline of civil war,. the nation is:beginning a new life. This noble nffort demands the aid and ought to receite the attention and support • of the Govern tuen t, . - Injuries unforeseen, by Government, nnd unintended, moy in , somo, eds'es, have been inflicted ittion ' the subjects Or t itizens ,ot.fer hign countries= both at sea and :.on land, .1)37 ersorrs id the service of, tlielsltlited States. As this Government expec s r6dress from other Pow'ers when similar iiijnrits are tdd by persons in their setvice , upon oldie:Ds of the United States,' we most be prepared to de justice to foreigners:' If the existing ju dicial tribunals are in adecluate to this purpose, a spbbjal conitinay be anthorix,ed," With power,, to him' and dedide such blaims'f,i,heeharao, er reformat° as may,have arisen, nnifer treat ties and the public la*. ConVentions for adjusting the elafins by•joint bommission have beep proposed to some. Governments, but no -definitive-atisirerito Ilip tweposicion . • has yet been received from' • „ In the'Vbursenf the-session taho prohd r bly Occasiorttb : regnett i You tOT provide indemnificiiiion,,tO:CfalingiitA"wliere..decrees of restitiitiod.ba,lie4iil '*'ldq4'49‘dain a gts unaided by the Admiralry courts.' And in ntliorates 'wh r din thin . GovArnMent-..nory be ripa - 'Where ilitimnPantrefthat 4iubilityr,l3o,bcen. ascertained by ‘ltn,iiifortintl., arbitration, ,the properzoilikankof IthO ,Troristifyjravd domed themselveatequiked; bYtthe:lampf the United Stateri*6ll - 4 siltijeatr,' Ptcr , 'demand tt tai u ion tlie inietnits Of foreign '''Consuls in this ediziFtry kat' I — demst' ad; n, ast - not, in ess;te.ruoiiwir iorr:public.Att% pihipi r i)eaiijo , pkistitig - treity!! bettrePa,:th'e Niiited.States htd:rt flirtiOicount% the ox • tindicniy (f'tt.Y 7 't& g . ilfyinthtnet ;pr Tto ' ,:nifrnp r t - from, tax tilt income. of such Poksnle, are not 'of *OP: United hoat ales Xrfteie 'or from lyroptiti übotitOniki" in thor. Pate(' "States,is submittedAlonlirinrioptoPtilickra-r, ) iiiiiiir'finat'44iiiSnigobtiotriipotuthezconnd IMO 3, lotnity.,ply,Witnll96.oreciprodted' exelopts.oar cobsu s na. ot br &Mit osN , from taxation. Toth, i4r 4 teniikkus,isdipp,Wir, the utiitit - d-sates;,On.ghLutokto i/O 4 3 6'inulkaatfrottallritiric,tt and It: , `;s 4, kC• , II .4pperbltioti4:ofthe.Treastry , daxipg, 11"ie fiit ltAqbe;sirfaity co'pd tett:, „The:; '14",19. 0 1 1 *".. a icissiMIIO,,,PRANUIN ONTY; PENN4t r i f irANIA., PRIDAY ,111011NiNG I DECEMBER Is, 1883: Nationaltßanking has proved ,a valuable ittßport of the intblie credit,: and the general. -legislation+ in: relitibii-tillcituti thei:ipbetation of itirts.itioreri." Seine runendineritWtrioy birreqiiiretiqo perfect ex. istingTiasts,:but no.,changs irk' their principles i or general scope is believed tote needed. _, , §ince theSe measures have epeta ittini all demands On the treasittY,, inchuling thn . pay of the tittny and navy, hail) been promptly bet atidlally satisfied , , .Nereonsid,- erable body of troops, it is, believed, were ever more; amply provided, and more liberally and irinatnilly paid, and; it hiaY 'be' added, that bY - no 'people* were - the burdensinstdent to'a great mar ever more cheerfully, borne. The' tecipts during the year- from alksources, I ineludingloaus and the balance in the treasu ry at its - commencement, were $941;1:25;674; 86; the'aggregater disbutsements, $895,796; 630,65; leaving Sbalance on the Ist of July, 18637 of $533.,904,421. Of ,the .receipts there Mere derived from custenis,s69;os9; - 642,40; from intetrial revenue $37,640,787, 95; froth direct taxes, 61,18 , 5:103,61; from lands ; $167,617,17; from miscellaocens sources, 6304,651,535; and from loans, $776, 682.361,57; making the aggregates9ol,l2s, 674;86. 01 the' disbursements ihera *Ore for the civil service, $23,253 922; • for pensions and Indians, $4.216,520,59; for interest on publie debt, 624 : 729,846,51; for ths IYar Department,- $599,298,600,83; for Navy, epartment, 663,211,105,21; itit pay ment of funded and temporary debt, 6181, 08 0 ' ---- 'Qat fr., -186;635 - ,07; -- mairitirt, lie ag gregate-$805 i 7 , 96;- 639,65; and leaving the balatree 0f.55,329, 044,21. llnt, the payment of the funied and - tempo rory debt Itvicg been made rival moneys borrowed during the year, mast be regarded es• rarely nominal payments, avid the moneys borrouted to make them as 'merely nominal receipts, and their am0unt,118. ' 108,663,507, Should therefore be deducted both from the receipts , and disbursements. This being done, there remelts as actual receipts $720,039,039,79; and the actual disbursements $714 ; 700,995,58; leaving the balance as already stated. The actual receipts, and disbursements for the first quarter, an& the estimated receipts and disbursements for the remaining three quarters of the current fiscal year of '1864 will be shown in detail by the report of the Secretary . of the Treatnry, to which 'invite your attention. It hr sufficient to say hare that it is not believed-that the actual result will exhibit a state of the finances less favor able to the country than the estimate of that alter heretofore submitted, while it is confi dently expected that at the close of the year both disbursements and debts will be found very considerably less than has beat antici pated. The report of the Secretary of War ie,a document of general interest. It consists of— First. The military operations of the year, detailed in the, report of the Gsneral•in• Second. 'Tlie organization of colored per sons into tlie war service.' 'Third. The exchange of prisonets, fully sdt forth in the lattef of GenerslHitchcock. Fourth. • The opefations under the act for enrolling and calling out the natienal fothes, r detailed in the report of the Provost Mitishal General ; The organ illation of the, Invalid Corps; and•-:-. Sixth. The operation of the several departments, of the Qttartermaster General, Coinntissitty General, Paymaster General, Chief a Engineers, Chief of Ordnance, and Surgeon General. . it has . appeared impossible %Ito . make a valuable summary. .of this . report; eXcept such 'as would bo coo extended for this plus; end hence 1 eobtent myself by asking your attention to the report itself. • The duties devolving on. the naval branch tirdie_sertiee„dtiting the yeat and through out the whole of this un happy, neatest, have • ' d:' Jeen discharged with fidelity had eminent success. The extensive blockade has been constantly increasing in cfficiondy as,the navy has expanded, yet on so lono. a line it hies° far been impossible td entirely suppresslllieit 'trade. 'Frain the returns received ' at! the Navy Departmenp, it appears 'that , more than one thottsan,d vessels, have been captured „since ,the hloc,kade vc,a , ,,ai, instituted, and . that value' of prizes' already sent in for ridjudi cation 'amounts to over 813,006,000:r ;The ntiVal c :.force of the United States, consiats'aLthis time of 588 vas:vela. completed wain tht toureb..mf .completion,, and of these' 75 are iron-clad artnorecl.,tcaineri, l 'Pte. events of, the. war givq,an triereavid iteterest i ,end ittirt i tattce ~,to the,raavyy :which., Will . .. oobahly.„4teild .. heyontrehe war itself: 'The arniereatvesielk 'ont'tarry,' contirieted "'rind 'iii rvice or t6ltfcle` bre under k; non tract' and . approa c hitt completion; ) ar,e ,te* pito)?er those nny i ether ?ower;-, bus while these may bn i fahod nip6Ocir,tathor "defence find 'c'iasieefijee`;'etliers 'of i-,lfeiter; , stritigth 'atid!Cipecity.wi ,!be cnetessarylor cruising purposns,,J andwto maintain ! our rightful petition on , tho-ocean. Tho change rihatilitutiteten.:pitee naval-,vecoblN.' and• warrare i sinne the intvoductinn gf steam, :axle motiye -pome ‘ r-Soz,mitip ,pf-ty t ar s dernandi either' a „C'eiiesponaing, eji alike imiciiiroui etistitia tiaVy yatN;• 'ilditr'Oitei, 3 fort the':conttreneeioni and untessnry. I repair inodern . narni ; N:e.Tol,si l PTO ,}neon- ; ,siderable ernbartassinent,:deley, ad public ;1012712%1i frorp .thy. want 50"11#4.011t1G;;?'enlaRtni6t*Ii41019,9.91f. ~X be...R ec.e1.54.7:44.5,d0k- a 11R!'9,-,Yar ( l; f i t ,r -,aishe;l, i3111 , 1e sajtabla npoit IV6 - •• fagiticr• ideal-166*i* tAuthe attliiitio , SOCiaisirogiolky• th4littvity albpattaihni. lank, in the to.port- o f The Seeittniyi ftottanuol4atitta• 'think it t loyAlety.toie.yito,,yOr wctial,,attep.: ,Ottn,to, this ittil>joot r lind also that` - of es. tabliabinia 411f4.1' depot/ fOr isavia PiiirBses, ,„ uponode O „Ole eatern nvere., .nAtval force -learAicerc created ; On iheie ' i nterior wa• -tare;andainder-many—disadvantages,-, within little . more than. two _years, e exceedirix numbers then' hole 'naval force of the cot:m iry at the .commencement_ot_thuprisent Ad.; ministration. , Satisfactory and important as haie been'tho peifOrreaticee of the - berate 'II ten Of the navy. at 'this" interesting period; they are scarcely more, wonderful than. the. success Of out inechanies and artisans in , the production of war - vesselsothickhave crea ted a new.forret of naval power. Our coititry'has advantages" Cupetior ttnY-otter nation in bur .resoitrces of iron and timber, with inexhaustible quantities of feel iu the immediate vicinity of both, and all , a vailable and ire close proximity to navigable waters. Without the advantage of . public *OAS; the 'of the nation have been developed, and , its power .distrlasred in the construction of a navy of such magnitude wto as, at • e veryperiod - of its cieation. rendered signal service io the 'Union, The increase in the number'of seamen in the public service frOm 7,500, men •in the spring of 1861-to-about-34 5 000---at-the -pres ent time, bat been accomplished without spe cid, legislation or extraordinary bounties to promote that increase. It has been found, herkever, that the operations of the draft, with the high kinetics paid for army recruit; is beginning to affeet injuriously the naval service, and' will, if not corrected be likely to impair its efficiency, by detaching seamen 'mu—their proper vocation, and Inducing them te enter the army. I, therefore, \ re spectfully suggest that Congress _might aid both the artily and naval services by a ilefik• nite provilion on this subject, which wont() at ti % same time be equitable to, the commu nities more especially . interested. I commend, to your consideration the sug • gestiona of the Secretary of the Navy in ' gard to the policy of fostering and training seamen, and also the education of officers and engineers for the naval service. The Natal Academy is rendering'signal service in preparing midshipmen for the highly re• sponsible duties which in after life they will be required to perform. In order' that the country should not be deprived of the prop er quota of educated officers, for:which legal provision has been made at the Natal School, the vacancies mused by the neglect or otnis sion to make nominations from 'the States in insurrection have been filled by the Secreta ry of the Naty. The school is now more full and complete than at any toriner period, and in every respect entitled to the favora ble consideration of Cong ress. During the past fiscal year the financial condition of the Post Office Department has been one of increasingproSperity, and I am gratified in being able to state that the actual postal retenue has nearly equalled the en tiro, expenditures,. the latter amounting to 811,314,206 84, and the former to 811,10, 789 59, looting a' deficiency of but $l5O, 417 ' 25. In 1860; the. joear ii.mediately preceding the , the deficiency a mounted is $5,656,705 49, the postal Te ceipta of that year being $2 i 045,722 19, loss than those of '1863: ' The 'decrease, since 1860, in the •annual amount of , transporta tion has been only, about twenty•fito per cent, but the 'annual expenditure on. account 'of the saMe has been reduced thirty-fite per cent. It is manifest, therefore, 'that the Post. Office Departmenfmayhecome selfeus taining in a few years,.even with the, resta• ration, of the whole service. The International Conference of postal delegates;' from the principal countries 'of Europe and'Ameticir,- whieh was.• called at the suggestion of, the Postmaster !General, met at Paris on the 11,th of May j t an d 'con c luded its deliberitiiiis on the Stli of June. The' 'principlei elitablished 'by. the Conterente as best ridapted to facilitate, ,pos tat interetriirse between 'nationri, and as - the oasis of future 'conventions, inaugurate a gen eral system of.utlifotm, international charges, at ieduced_rictes_of postage,_amf m . citaito i tjaiL t0'i)i:617.3 - 6.beneficial res ults. • I refer you to the report of the Secretary of the intetior,*whieli herewith laid be fore ,you,. for: useful mad s.varicd informettiou in relation, to thepublic Indiiin affairs, patents, pentionS, and other matters of pub lie Concern pertaining to'his dtpaitinent.• • • The quantity of land , disporied,.• of during the lastiMal tire .first Tinter of the ; present fiscal years. was three million eight .hundred and fogy-one tbcitisand . fivir'hnudred and for _aCi'es; of which' 161,911. acidi 'were sold.fer;cash.; 1,456,514. acres Were taken ..up andci the.hotnestead. law s and the ;; ,residua ,dis?osed Cfrunder, laws,pgranting Japda , for nlihtary bettniiii, for railroad and Other per pr,isds ' - Iralso . appehri that:the' , o'f.` 't he public kinds is largely- ont the'. increase: It has long been .4,.eherished opinien,of some of oar wisest statesinen. that the people of the, ;United.-State , had a. higher. mid .nabre.., oodu :Ore early, s.ntilem,ent and sabstanfial Odle Aikilie fliari'in the aniennt:;Oeclifil&riVeirtiti fir' be 'deriVed' front e tate 'of-the ThiS' opith i ion bus liad:a controlling •:influtriee .in ' ; ging npon,titp,s,ttittint-,91.0ur na 'mei, cite , as evidence' I tit's, . ;'tte' '1164:4 'neibiniei 'adopted iir=refer-:~ mite'-" , to actin')! settlers: Thel;raiitc of the StateS , Of the:overflowed" ,lands yi,t4sin , their.' ,to rendered:4 for . .e.iiitivatniii ) . ntid . the grant to railroad companies of alto-spite sections' .of laird 'tit peri °the' r eiftibihiplabect - iiries , of 'their_ .roilsi.when:4ortspleted;:will largely, di() Itreilitilitibr ittei - uAS lii§talil49*.eis**" sinus. . , • This policy Itas.4ceived . bunt si gnal InUl liVrigoottlUttittatiOnint,•ttoaltgOOOt cn ' 4 4 Ia PP, kil**itg:Aoilestlf4A. ,00ttta),86 7 tiers Since ! the itrst day r id lfanUary. -"Kist.; 44-6ie diiHm itnifoed 41414113r : 5he thonhAdiiiNvilkni: j .drekand. fourteen gem of larullikoOm a ta - -; ken up under its Foyisioss,,,,ThlklitAs3, l ,ll4'. l the :mount of Sales t ftiriiticti' . . ilence,tif increasitig settlioncrit ut3oiPthirtilito lip has.: t • r Dding theleckititik• itt;which , theendigiekot the -natietfiliOb beekengaged,' intl. which,; has sup:liked ito . large. a withdrawal of our eitizetii titith the* nebtentomell pursuits i lf drdiallY enmity ins the, recottriztepdation . of"theSeereta4 of the Interior, suggesting a modification'of the'net in'favors of these engaged is .the thilitery'atia naval service of the'Vnitedi States. , '4 doubt, not that Congress , trill cheerfully adopt Rua , 'measures ae will; without essentially coon: king the general features of the ' system, se eing to.. the greatest , practicable: extent its benefits-to those ;who lave ; eft , ,their homes in the defence:of the. eorintryin tlii3 ardnois •E• , , , invite your _ attention' to, the vienia'er the Secretary as to ,the propriety disking, by approprirte legislation; a reienhe frozii the mineral lands, iat the , United States. The measures provided at! our last -session.'tor a e remove . certain ndian tribes have been carried'into:'-effect. - Sundry- treaties have beenuegotiated i which will inlthe 'time be submitted for: the constitutional aetion of the Senate. They confabs stipulatkins_ for extinguishing the. possessory , rights of • the Indians la large. and valuable tracts of land. It is hoped that the abets of: these- treetica will result in the establiihment of permanent -friendly relations, with such of 'these tribes as have - been brought , into frequent and bloody collisions with ear • out.lyibg settle ments and emigrants. -Sound policy and r imperitive dut • to these wards of the Government demand our anxious and con stant attention to their material 'woll•being, .to their progress. in• the arts of civilifation, and above all to that moral training which, under the blessings. of Divine• Providence, will confer upon them the elevated grid sane tifiyitig influence, the hopes and the console tiona, of the Christian fifth. . I suggested in my - last annual message the propriety of remodeling oar. Indian system. Subsequent events,have satisfied me of its necessity. The details set forth in the re port of the Secretary will evince the urgent need for immediate legislative action. I commend the benevolence of . the insti tutions established or patronized by the Gov ernment in this District to your generous and fostering care. , The attention of Congress during the last session Was engaged, to some extent, with a proposition •for enlarging the water commu nications between the Mississippi . river and the northeastern seaboard, Which reposition, however, failed for the time. Sham then, tipin a call of the greatest respectability, a convention has been .called at Chicago upon the same subject, a snizimary of :whose viewl is contained in a memorial addressed to the President and Congress 4 arid which I now. have the honor to lay "before you. That this interest is one which , ere long! will force its own way I do not entertain a doubt, while it submitted entirely to'your wisdom as to :whatcan be done now: Augmented interest ii given to this subject by, the actual. com namicement of , work,upou the Pacific Bail road. Under auspices' so 'favorable •to its rapid progress and completion, the enlarged navigatiotrbecomes a palpable need to the :great road: . • I transmit the second annual report of the Caintnissioner of the! Department of Agricul ture, asking your attention to the develop ments in that vital interest of the nation. When Congress asserubledra year ago,! the War had already lasted nearly twenty months, and there had been many conflicts /it 'both land. and son, with varying results. • The re bellion had been pressed back into reduced. limits, yet the.tone of public feeling and o pinion, at home and abroad, was not satisfac tory. With other signs, the popular eke 'fleas, then just passed, indicated - uneasiness emongourselves ; amid renal; that was ,ecilcPand menacing the kindestWords'coming from Europe were uttered in accer.ts ofApity, tlialwe were too blind to surrender a hope lesorcausier—Our commerce was fluttering greatly by .n - few armed vessels, built upon and furnished from foreign shores, 'and we were threatened, with- ; such additions from the same quarter as would sweep, our trade from' the' sea,'ind raise our bloCkade. had failed to elicit froth European GCiViern ,trients anjthing hopeftil upon • this subject.. The preliminary emancipation proclama tion, which was issued in September,, was Waning itS'assigned period to the beginning Of the nevi year. A m3nth • later ? the' final proelamation came, ineleding. the announce ment that colored men of suitable condition :would .be received into - the war- service,: The policy of cnianeipation, and of employ ing i , lnek,soldier,s,...ay i et,o the future ; new - aspect, 'alma t which t ; hope' and fear and doubt couteuded in uncertain conflict. • According-CO rortir pblitical 'System; as a. matter-of civil ridurinistration; the General Gnverumpat had no lawful : power to effect eteapeipaticm in any State r , and fora„ long had been 'hoped' that the "rebellion suppresidd without resorting. - tcr iC - 3ts:a militaryinieasnre. It was'all 'the While, deemed possible that the necessity ,fot; might come, aud that if,it 'should the. crisis 'iif , 'the contest would thou be; presented. ~It. itid,'ni'viati'prirtended; it was folleied, by daik'ruid doubtful days. Eleven months . having.no,w pas4ed r we_are, perseit,:to to telie rinotliet,Feview : . l • • ..The relies bor ders peesacctstilk,ihrther "biak, 'and b'y - the''crimplete opening of ,tire, 51issisNippr titer die Costetrit .dominated by: •the rebeHiod.is , divided. into/ distant ..pgiis s . , with no practical counnetnieation-HbM een them.---Tennosseems.d-Arkanias -have--beeir_ substantially cleared : of insuxguat patrol itut, 04014 ) 014000: sioetpa,t tiie.Aser. . ion no* white. ft! ir;,- ul ( 41 , 4 " 40 1 „ ova leptp!tkio 171 PbPir l "P'ePti'reSWes' 1009 8 4ItgliT 0 4 .8 0 1 4041 2 .:thC ,, ,'CPtirdi-' ,P0 90 !-Of9. 0 . 11 kl*lictt• days/'o4E.Pia:!Mis,Tkari POit )l 9r449 l ,'W)!),:itTeC, i V3rnwlPYla relt.arult• upon, 'the t extegsiott •nf; ..; r iqtufrl .7i.la F.Ol - SI i ititiV`ttit4'*".• • i ; ~ .1 ;1!, , T,; Pi; :c .111113: =ME +1, , ;• , MJMBEk ~•„„_ Ml= r ehhteiijtrietil ! 4filai • Tettitokiiiit 4 = 4 linit. ifee , iiiFte the boiliiiidiiorfroteavi girt: ...n Of thoae who Were gives at the beginfliiik thW -era to* in ill/ ItriHied Istatev -;-;;;aboutliiteehifif el' Which iiAtbliie beer aims "tli6 kivihethe dOuble advintag4 tot 14"iiiii6le labor horn the- iniurketit genie' lan& iiiiielphig the -places Whieh '6lldd =with , ?le intihy ifhiteinehii. • fai if fated, it Alp •elilffietilt to Bay thai they tiVelitif ari ittaTid 801. (liars's° No left:lib fnettfiebtidffOr fen etiteity *tithe& the iteeaatiei eteaopipatibili "the. Woke. , Thee° ite4ailfea been' niiueh iii cussed iis foitika facrtatifiiofa ry ittith tvph djsbtissieifi thee of' ptifili 43. aentinsent.theii; is aiucli iiiiproved 'At 'bine the sante inediLiz di' hive been till et cuiicdl, luomivta4 iteir aiiit /14;nntiiii.,44 th . e:annial eleotiOdS edaragitig•to those ( ivbearliffiiial''dutY' it is to • bear • thtt eciuntty ihrough;tliiif dreat'trial. Thus'.w4- have the , Anse leekening. "''Tie erisis'whinh threaten - oat divide`the 'Mends of thouurion: is' 'past. • ' Looking 'tioti tolthd , Jiteseiti alai - future, antfwithreferenee to' tc . regiimptioki'OP the national-nubbin ty within 'the 'Stites itheieiir thatanthorifiy has bees ififsit'ead4a., thought fit to issue a, fi'oelainatinni, copy of which is herititith- titiiptiittect. '-On ex aminairou of thisiProelamailen it will appear, as is believed, that nothing is attempted Constitution True; the form of an oath is • • , given, butviiii--51---)erecd-Solfilet4-it.-----A-- man is ,cinly p00n4144 a intr!deb case lie voluntarily takes the oatle. The Constitution , authorizes the E amid ve to grint or withhold the pardon , at his ' own, abnilato diSeretioit, and this ineludes the 'power to.graht fort such terms as is folly establithed by' judieitil , and other authorities. If is eFso proffered that. if "in any of the States mauled, 'a , Unite- Gov ernment shall be in the modeprescribed. tier up, suet government shall be recognized and. guarentied by the United Statei, . and that under it the State. chat!, on the entititutiorral conditions, be protected against invasion and domestic violence." The constitutional obligations of the Mite I States to guarantee 'to every State in the Union a republican form of 'government, and to protect the State cid the ease stated, is explicit and full: But• why tender the benefits of this provision only to a• State Government set up in thicpartietilar way .? 'This .sectioaof the• . Constitutiorr conternplatet a elver wherein the-element within a State favorable to a republican form of governmeat in the Union may bcitoo feeble, lot an oppo• •site and hostile element,:external to and even within the State; and such aie precisely the cased with which we are iroai , . - denlitg.:l. attempt to germ:dee and 'protect - a. revived Statd government; constrtieted ithele or it) preponderating part. from the very element against whosephostility and violence it is to be protected, is simply absurd. There must be a test by which to- separate the opl.)esinc , cletnents, so as. to build only from' the soon"; andAltat- test is a = sufficiently. liberal obe which accepts as sound whoever - 1611' make a sworn recantation of lie 'former 1111SOU,nti. ' Rut if ;it be proper to require' as a teat of, adinissioh to the political • bOdy in oath of allegianee te_the'Coivstitutitin of the Unite I States, and to the Union under' it, -why not also to - the-laWs-tind-ptoelantationa-in4e4aid-- to slaVery? .^ iTotialititrOut were enacted and put' forth for-the purpose' of aiding in the stippreasion of the rebellion. To give them their fullest effect, there hid to be a pledge fer 'their m,ainteninee. my.fildgment they hate aidedi and wilt fath er aid the cause for which they were enlipted. To give up this principle wen/3 be not' only to relinquish alever of power, but would 'also be-a-crud-and:astoutding-breaeh-Of-faith- I may add, at thia point, that while I remain in thy present *Aden I shall not attempt to retreat) or modify the emancipation probla mation: Nor shell I return to slavery any person who. is free by' 'the terms of the precis. ination or by any stet of Congress. For these and other reasons, it is thought best that. the support of these Inealii3l63 shall Le includedin the 'oath, and it is belieVed the Executive may lawfully claim it in re turn for' pardon and restoration of forfeited rights which he has a clear and constitution hi power to withhold altogether', or ;rant upon the terms 'vadat he shall tleein wisest fof , the public interest. - It should be obsekved,.als.e, that this l part of the oath ,iv subject' to the modifyitik, and abrogating 'power of legislative and supreme 'adieu! decision. " prOtised 10quieseetree of the Nutitin al Eieentive in any reasonable'temporary Bthtearrangemeut fur the Treed' , ;people is . InSae , With th.i'viei' Of *poisibly - modifying lie doriflisien' 'and destitution` Which ''must, at_best;_atteed'ullelases by's/ total ' revolu tion of lalibritliroughout whole It is :IMped'that the already 'deeply afflieted peo ple those Slidell may be somewhat 'More ready' to 'gii 4 e up the:cattier oftheitiffliation, if ; to. this-eiten that inatteitii - 'lift ithentseivei, while no po\ver of 'the' National rE - ratitifettProreireihe inser:ii abridged by the'ptoPositior4 The'stiggestiod in the' iir6elainitien," a to "Wiaintaining the politibirriaineWiirk7,ar the States tifi what,Was ealler'reeeinitit6t ht ig is "'Made. the hope tliatifini;jr:do4ida, with ''SaWitiabor any ihoehrmatithi .subject V' This fipadAtinn 'hack t by the steli Mitibt . cla jdelayii4 "too ' long lir he 1444 too rieontc'-'lDeetne'Stithi:theelettitinizi 'ime 'reat(y- "for eetionViiat Inatitive; apparsaili'' • fOr''Waiit"'eT a tilltiitgpiihittit plan - et:action: 'Anif-aball. Aiadhpitotirs plan 11,1thist 4 - )r-titth, 7 ft. nal'o v:•,1 =!.lr4t
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