I I f-
LE,
=
1:12
mac;
i!) . on the -west
ollor Filly
and if dela)
two dcdlant
tinnanees
TER
One
months,
theDiscy
o teal - :
'Lean'
flee
=
be poet-pr
THE
;ye are but
Through dew tbled night;
Ye are but ton keep
The link that bids no bright.
—the sacred good
L the same :
cart leaps to la
That NV • ,..~
hat good olden:
Alike we fond!
arms were lock'd--
Vo in one rnotber4
•
repaid';
we were rock'd,
earth we play'il
Long be her by
in the same cradle
hound the same
V` •
ur boyish sports
Each little joy :
- t manhot . xl keep
Lit up so long a •
1, that the band
is
die;
e are bat two—
To hold us till
ihoulder to should
ill side by side
r let us stand,
CM
FITTZT °lux.
lng the beat of s. . 1
lid be cpreful to .
frequently, first
the head of the b
• ger from drhati . 1
I .a immediately.
loaded or beaten
[ Du
aes sho
anim
117127
MT!
EMI
be ore I
-bave a very inj.
L ow cruelly tilos -
ated, by being o
following lines
citemen
to see I
times tr.!
cu. Yl/ 1
phcabl
and true.]
MB
blest of the train
lit performiag horse ;
's he takes
land pushed all day,
-auks, that heave for life,
Ives and dies.
Ineeds so much !
rights ofman,
delinquent 4 None!
nning, beaker boasts
desert)
mons in praise
! isely to suppose
! a horse his own.
on, is witness, n
That vi-a
1% ith tm
t on man, the fli
Rpectin. 7 readin
erer on his back
ding sides and '
r'distani goal a
mercy shows wh.
so jealous of th.
le no doom on the
and o'er his bri
Hi. mu
With bi
To the f:
do little
MEM
lenoun
I le ll' es
i.aeifb
ba r ity were big
rions feat, and,
The itv , I
of the p.
The houl
.r brute, seems
.T. 9 of hiematchl
but ma,
a crime deeme.!
red io heaven; •
h their record w
l> sli
dismiss compass
Man rna
will never.'
ME
inis
A R!
mimiseen
fin " C ATT
ii!MEM
In t e dark days .1 our Revolutionary
trug i f,cl •s, there lived' • anybrave, noble and
genera s men, who dici much towards nehiev
i
tug th • independen of this now presper
oils am; happy nation by acting singly, or
with a hosen fewu on whom they could
place he utmost rel ance. This mode of
warier,, though carri d on in a compara
tively s•• all way, wa far more efficacious,
to pro • rtion to then tubers engagedn h,
than th • operations o the largest bodies of
Soldier who fought in the fort and i open
field. They did not generally accomplish
mucho a single Deco ion, but were coniaant
1y at ark, either a •ng on the offensive, or
furnish ng informatio • to ;the bead-quarters
of the merican arm.. This, in fact, was
the onl,• way by whic the hostile tribes of
Indian: could be e l • ctually punished for
their • anton and dial cious depredations.—
Every reader knows hat they were instiga
ted b the British • perpetrate deeds the
most .hocking and • yoking to humanity.
1 radn on has hand • down the names of
numer ,us individuals &recorded in the hil
tory o our country, •ho were celebrated for
many alorous deeds the remembrance of
which .- • ems fast disa .peariog " through the
dirk '.ta of bygone years." An incident
in the ventful life of .ne of this class 4 the
subjec• of our narrati •.- We will endiiavor
to give the substance • fit, as it fell froth the
lips o l one of the "oldest inhabitant's" in
ES
oseph Brady's
dormant." d.
it to say, he
us wiarnor, an
and of men, o
ployed again
Tv York and .P
e of ark edyea .1
"backwoods,"
from the Bch. ,
filled in' that '
seatial to him
Ito. occupy.
e fluently in
t languages o'r
-
f
: 1
ad'
,'PlaOtert-M.h •
were e
ern N
destity
i n the
mueb
was s
most
called I
centre
differe
tribeti
war a.,
quel
hima•
I
greats!
writer,
whole
batiko l
the ho
Pena.
---of
e s tWaniOrf
. 4110; *e iti
-was thi4i
Mug& was' lit
the Allegany
ndary lime
• land
„ k. .. from -the
1
gbiLay
a* to
the ri
frcin
bikini op.
" 5 54. 1".".
Aiiiteetiagel
to sleep
I—his honest bldnel
1 claim.
•ere all the 'mine,
d woe ;
alive the flame
m the Publieletiger
ifler, persons who usehor-
I 've sloWly and water the
Washing the mouth and
1 .
rse with a sponge ;kthere
i g freely, if the animal is.
if raught horses should, not:
'as increased toil and ex
'one effect. It is painful,
!noble animals_ are some-'
/erbnniened and overariv.
~fthe poet Cowper are ap,
' innocent on earth
1 1 . (.1 these, no doubt.
'th a curse annexed.
on: from his heart,
lianp.
the Attica Telegraph.
of Border Life.
birth, parentage, &b.,
s,niot enlighten us.—
l as a brave and wag
!' the Commander of, a
his own school, who
the Indiana in WOE
nosylintoia. Although
hatihg grown ap
our hero had learned
64 of experiente, and
, rlowledge Which des'
n the station he was
is said tltat he could
t least twenty of the
tongues . spoken by 0
liter. TMI, to'Min
uillitiOnowid the se
-1 . hike which it gihie
: gmingeis celebnoNiiii
'd the Fa* or3w4iei ,
I. e themn Ormany a
ief ef-ikninall'iribe
i :t t i i e V d e
on:®`
1c i 1
1
|r: /'W
SUNwX':
euneo . 4,o
Int I
©■
if .00 11 .
millet ur lenth, '-tiod
1 ot 'Week . to '
thel• /
Ane... /
2 , intomeio; iraryintleen t ,
© therApos**4 Or
untoin,,Tues!libtlisti, I'
,ad illi.oirero. lo o • 1
TE
VOL '2 N 0.6
thick growth Or fbreet trees. The scenery
about this eilawisitrild,romiintie, and beau
tiful ; altlniugh , She " rapid march of civili
zation" is rOhing nature of her form+ beau
ty. What a ; : contrast between, the olden
t i me and ti*prpsent! Then those dap we
t tern bore upon4heir.broad boiom naught but
t h e light Indian canoe, end the white man
dared nottis seen, unguarded, anywhere in
their vicinity. .
Coruplalter, and his " braves" had made
an incursion into one of the nearest settle
ments of thiil whites, in which they hbd met
with-great Success. Several of the unfortu
nate inhabit fell beneath - the murderous
tomehawk,ikheir buildings were consumed
by fire, Aladin number carried into captivity.
When the Indians arrived at their village
ninth the prisoners it was determined that
they should; be burned at the stake. Ac
cordingly, the time was appointed for this
dreadful work, and the whole tribe were to
he assembled to_ participate in it. The In
dians were pa tiently waiting for the time
when they were to glut their vengeance on
their " pale faced" prisoner, as theylappre
hended no &ere that the whites were; strpng
enough to attempt an immediate retaliation.
Brady heard - Of the sally made by Corn
planter upon the settlers, and determined to
punish him severely for his cruelty. Ac
cordingly, he and his men set out upon the
expedition, and' were soon in the vicinity of
the Indian village, where they succeeded in
capturing one qt its inhabitants from' whom
they obtained all the information they wish
ed, concerning the prisoners, and the time
When it was intended to burn them.
Early in the evening which was to termi
nate by the most dreadful death, the lives of
a number of theipioneers of this western re
gion, Brady was occupying,•-a secure posi
tion upon the mountain, from whence he
could perceive till that . was taking place in
the village belovi. Fires' were kindled be
fore all their dwellings until it was nearly as
light as noonday. The woods to a great
dtstance around resounded with the shouts
of the savages, whose feelings were wrought
-up to the highest pitch of excitement. Brady
waited until the captives were brought forth,
and the Indians had commenced to bind
them to the stakes. His heart beat high
with the fear that he might be unsuccesful
in his attempt to rescue them. But the
long-wished for moment had arrived, and
putting on the dress of the Indian he had
captured, he boldly stepped forth into an
open place where he could be distinctly seen
from the ;other bank, and gave a shrill war
hoop peculiar to this tribe. He was:imrae,
diately answerpd by the Indians who sup
posed him to be one of their friends, just re
turningfrorn an - expedition similar to the one
they were rejoicing over. They inquired as
to what Huccess had attended him, to which
he replied that he had taken a few prisoners
but wag unable to come over and join them
that night on account of the wounds one of
his men' had received. He proposed that
they should wait till the next day and then
burn all the prisoners at the same time. AP
ter, some hesitation they complied with hie
reuest. The prisoners were then taken
batik to their place of confinement, the fires
xtinguished; and soon n deathlike stillness
succeeded the noise and confusion: which
reigned during the former part of the eve
ning.
Brady kept his position until after the
"noon of night," when he descended the
mountain, and crossing the river, was soon
in the heart of the village. . The Indians
had retired without leaving a guard, and the
first intimation they had of thefireserice of a
foe, was the bursting out of the flames,from
their houses, which were soon on fire in ev
eryidirection. They rushed to their doors
tohe shot or cut 'down by the whites. A
large number were killed' or burned with
their habitations, the remainder escaped un
der cover of the night.. Cornplanter fled-and
his village was entirely destroyed.
The prisoners were overjoyed to find that
they were once more with friends who could
protect them, and without waiting even for
,the morning, started, on their journey back
to the homes of those who had, rescued them.
Brady lost not a single man in this,.etpedi
;tion, neither were any of his mem wounded,
i!ind although he fought after the Indian
custom, falling on his enemies in lan un
tuarded moment, he achieved a great Victory.
Cornplanter's name has foundia place in
the history of those times, while Joseph B'ra
!Vs only reward was the consciousness •of
I! aving performed a duty incumbent upon
every American citizen in those days, that
of defending his country, and the joyhe ex
perienced in being Ole to restore these
whose fate was supposed to be sealed,: to
I their homes: •
WHY THE OCEAN IS MALT.
The saltness of the ocean
. lias usually
been regarded•as a special provision of 'nature
to guard against certain inetinveniences
which might otherwise have resulted.` The
ii
presence` of so much saline ma ter in solu
tion depresses the freezing point f the water
many degrees, thereby diminishin g the den
,gerout facility with which fields of ice are
produced in the polar regions. plias been
said also, tent the salt is, useful in checking
evaporation,' anti - also that it aids' in prevent
ing the of thelynter- by the seen.
mulatiolt; A/fabimal Ain't .4egetaNe , remains.
WOO" fora r aiWink , .V. ll o n OgA ls :4lf l;
; Outfit; ,kot4lefita;reaultingln* be eire,nm
:innitee; nitOer , dieeiiinuOn,, atilt bielt in no
ease' litleast are ' quite iiiiiion ,it 'they be
:infer' *4:that the saltness of th sea may be
copildefed, 'either , as 'an I inevitably( 'Milt-4
tu
the; present disposition of dpirs ' th ana - sPe, -
ci,! OrroPrtnellt_exPress4•Ante . ed.m, fulfil
certain fiarilealir objects.: — - '. , r.'* ..,
'. ''Vlin.tniiir s tliiiffalls Open the': lif4tii
'WA* etondemnititef Of r eiliseceni• " : provi-:
molt exiatittrin . the•ataiasphek i andlirbieh
isiOPP4e. 4,ol.4 l i.greatlerc-sby_lerailitretion
frtll***.j .face of the:Pes--the. 414 ofibi
hitter *iiivid . , thik4rihiliiiid hitt*
very trietilnecess a rily 1 6. :li!riiii*** fut ;-
iiiivt*onontf of , eyaporittic aortisee;--r.
This water ,as :ir well knownitieipinfeedy
EIMMIEM
EOM
. .„... . . ...... _......
. , 1 :-..: .....„, 9. . .„.„,, t
-:-'! ,:;. -. ~..,„
...,... i .f....: ~..":...,..‘
I .
- . " ' .:.... ,:::"..:--,
'-::
-
, € ti - •
- , . . t
•: • . . ,": =.': ••7. s: - .L , ..-. 1 •-'
. •
. . • 1 _ . ..
EN
. I ', I OIERY DIFFERENCE OF OFD oPnynord, IS NOT A DIWItRENCE, O PRlNCl*2l:46nrarg:
YOTTROW PA. , . J ULY 22; 047:
fresh and pure,, the saline constituents of the
oiearr having no sensible degree Or volability
at that temperature at which the vapor has
beea raised. No sootier, however, doe's it
reach the earth, than It becom.es cuntamina.
ted with soluble substances which it meets'
while flowing on the surface of the ground
or percolating beneath. It is thth that thei
waters of springs and ; rivers invariably con=
tain a greater or less - amount of alkaline or'
earthly salts, which all'eventually find their
way into the sea, sad there remain, since
there is no channel for their return. The
Same condition of seawater is but an exag
geration of ordinarylakes, rived and springs;
the materials are the same, and of necessity
so ;_ the ocean being in fact the great repos
itory of all soluble substances which, during
innumerable ages, have been separated by a
process of washing from the land. The case
of the sea is but a magnified representation
of what occurs in every lake into which riv
erS flow, but from which there is no outlet
except by evaporation. Such a lake is in
variably a salt lake. , It is, impossible that it
can be otherwise ; and it is curious to ob
serve that this condition disappears when
an artificial outlet is provided for the water.
It will be remembered • that the saltness of
the ocean is far exceeded by that of several
inland lakes of the kind described. Thatof
Anil, near the Caspian, and the Dead Sea
in Judea, are remarkable epimples.
GEN. SULLIVAN'S EXPEDITION INTO THE GEN
ESEE VALLEY.
Mr. Headly, in his second volume of
:‘ Washington and his Generals," describes
in his u sual
. felicitous style, the expedition
of Gen. Sullivan into the Genesee Val
ley.
The Indians of the Five Nationshad com
mitted terrible ravages on our frontiers, and
Sullivan was sent to burn their villages in
the wilderness, from the Susquehanna to the
Lake of the Iroquois. The army made its
toilsome way, first through the vast extent
of woods from the Delaware to the Susque
hanna.
At length the whole force assembled at
Wyoming, and on the 3ist of July too - k their
final departure. So imposing a spectacle
those solitudes never before witnessed. , An
army of three thousand men slowly wound
along the picturesque banks of the Sus
quehanna—now their variegated uniforms
sprinkling the open fields with gay col
ours, and anon their glttering bayonets
fringing the dark forest with light, While by
their side floated a hundred and fifty boats,
laden with cannon and stores—slowly. stem-,
ming the Sluggish stream. Officers dash
ing along in their uniforms, and small bod
ies of horse between the columns, comple
ted she scene—while exciting:strains of m r
tial music rose and fell in prolonged caden
ces on the summer air, and. swept; dying
away, into the deep solitudes. The gay
song of the oarsman, as he bent to his toil,
mingled in with the hoarse words of com
mand, and like some wizard creation of the
American wilderness; the mighty pageant
passed slowly along. The hawk flew
screaming from his erye at the sight, and
the Indian gazed with wonder and alright,
as he watched it from the mountain-top,
winding miles and miles through the sweet
valley, or caught front afar the deafening
roll of the drum, and shrill blast of the bu
gle. At night the boati were moored to the
shore, and the army encamped beside them
—tbe innumerable watch fires stretching for
miles along the river. ; As the morning sun
rose over the green forest, the drums beat
the reveille throughout the camp, and again
the pageant of the day before commenced.
Every thing was in the freshness ofsummer
vegetation, and the great forest rolled its
sea of foliage over their heads, affording a
welcome shelter from the heat of an August
sun. Thus day after day, this host toiled'
forward, and on the twelth from the date of
their march reached Tina. Here they en
tered on the Indian sdttlement, and the work
of devestation commenced, Here also,
Clinton, comincr b down the Susquehanna,
joined them with his brigade—and when the
head of his column came in sight of the
main army. and the boats floated into view,
there went up such a shout as never before
shook that wilderness.
" Sullivan in the mean time had destroyed
the village of Chemung ; and Clinton, on his
passage, had layed waste the: settlement of
the Onondagas. The whole army, now
amounting to nearly five thousand men,
marched on the 26th of August up the Tin
g& river, destroying as it went. Having
reached Skneca Lake, they followed its
shores northward to K endata, a beautiful
Indian village, with painted houses, and
monuments for the dead, and richly cultiva
ted fields. It smiled like an oasis there in
the wilderness ; but the smoke of the con
flagration sun agiiin shone upon it, a smoul
dering heap alone remained—the- waving
corn bad disappeared with the dwellings,
and the'cattle lay slaughtered around. Our .
troops moved like on awful, 'resistless
scourge through this rich country-Lopen
and fruitful fields and smiling villages were
before them—behind them a ruinous waste.
Now and then, detatchments sent off from
the main body were attacked, and on . one
occasion seven slain; . and once or twice the
Indians threatened to make a stand for their
sacra fled in despair, and the ar
-14 had* all_ their own, way. The 'Capita .
of the Senecas, a town consisting, "sixty
honsei, surroutided'aith beautiful cornfields
and Orchaids,:was burped to "the gro und, ,
tied the" barren, deatioyed.' , Canandaigua
fell next and - theif the 'army iitrielied 'away
for the 'Genesee flats. The fourth day- 4
reached' this lamatiftil region, thew almoit
"tally „unkbown the , whita ,The
valleyitiventy, , miles long and:. four- broad,
had scarce.* ,fiwest bee in it, aod:presonled,
one-of, dos- most. belutifid -.contrasts to , the :
'surrounding wilderness_ that ,could welh be,
eaticeived.
,u4a the weary.' *Amos
emerged fr ontmthe ilarieforest, , ,mul Med of
into:the open vice;-their :admiratioh.and;
miteinishmentimewno bounds. Theymem
ad suddenly to have been transported -into
an Eden. The tall, ipe grass bent before
the Vrind—cornfield on'cornfield, as far as
the eye could reach,' waled in the sunlight
—orchards that had been growing for; gen
erations, were weighed down under the
profusion of fruit—cattle grazed on the
bapks of the river, and !all was luxuriance
and heanty. In the midst of this garden Of
nature, where the gifts Of Heaven had been
lavished. with such prodigality, were scatter
ed nhundered and twenty-eight houses--•
not miserable huts,' huddled together, but
large, airy bui ldings, 'situated in the mOst
pleasant spots, surrounded with fruit trees,
and exhibiting a civilization on' the. part of
the Indians never before witnessed.
"Into this scene of Surpassing lovline,ss
the sword of war had tow entered, and the
apprOach of Sullivan's vast army, accompa
nied by the loud beat ofithe drum and the
shrill fife, sent consternation througli the
hearts of the inhabitants. At first they
seemed resolved to defend their homes, bet
soon, as all the rest had done, turned and
fled in affright. Not a ;soul remained be
hind; and Sullivan marched into a desett
ed, silent village. His heart relented at the
sight of so much beauty, but his commands
were peremptory. The Soldiers thought, too,
of Wyoming and Cherry Valley, and the
thonsandmassacres that had made our bor- -
deri flow in blood, and their hearts steeled
'against pity. An enemy who felt no oblige
tionii, and kept no faith; must be placed be
yond' the reach of inflicting injury.
"At evening, that army of five thousand
men encamped in the village ; and just its
the sun went down behind the limitless for
est, a group of officers might have been seen
flooded by its farewell, beams, gazing tin the
scene. While they this stood conversing,
suddenly there rolled.ty a heavy sound,
which startled them into an attitude of the
deepest attention. There was no • mistake in
that report—it was the thunder of cannon—
and for n moment they lookedon each other
with anxious countenances. That solitary
roar, slowly traversing the mighty solitudes
that hemmed them in, might well awaken
the deepest solitude. But it was not repea
ted ; and night fell on the valley of the Gen
esee, and the tired army slept. The next
morning, as the sun rose over the wilderness,
that heavy echo again shopk the ground. 4—
It was then discovered to be the morning
and evening gun of the British nt Niagara ;
and its lonely thunder here made the soli
tude more fearful.:
•
't Soon after sun rise,: immense columns
of smoke began to rise, the length and
breadth Or the valley, and in a short time
the whole settlement was wrapt in flame
froth limit to limit, and, before night those
hundred and twenty-eight houses wire a
heap of ashes. The grain had been gath
ered into them, and thus both were destroy
ed together. The'orchards were cut down,
the cornfields upronted, and the cattle butch
ered and le ft to rotlon the plain. A scene
of desolation took the place of that scene of
I ening, and,the artily encamped at night in
a desert.
ANECDOTE OF DAVID CaocKET.---David
once' visited a menagetie at Washington,
and Pausing a moment before a particularly
hideous monkey, exclaimed, " what a reseal
bltUre to the lion Mr. --!" The words
were scarce,ly'spoken when he turned, and to
his astonishment, saw' standing at his side,
the very man whom he had complimented ;
" I, beg your pardon,"
said the gallant Col
onel, " I would not have made the remark
had I known that you were near me; and I
am ready to make the most humble apology
for, my unpardonable rudeness ; but , ,' look
ing first at the insulted member afcopgress,
whose face was any thing but loVely, and
then at the animal that he bad compared
to him " haw , me it I can tell whether I
ought to apologise to you or to the mon
key !"
•
AMERICAN FASHION ESTABLISHED IN MEN
ICO.-A Tampico letter of the lfith_ has this
paragraph. " Is it not ° astonishing ! A
few days ago a number of American ladies
arrived in this city frOpi New Orleans—
dressed of course, in adcordance With the
lateit fashlons—and, as common, certain fic
titious enlargements of proportion beautified
their persons. This afternoon, while several
M'eaicanj senoritas were passing, I amerced
two dressed in American •costume, and
judging from appearance, bad donned as
robust a hustle as was everjugged about by
an American belle. Asithese were the first
I have seen worn by Mexicans, it was cer
tainly amusing to see them strut thraugh
thp streets, as proud of their bag of titan as
a *mother; is of bet child. Surelyobe Mex
iqin ladies are becotnink enlightened."
,CUCITAIBERSA writer in BlaCkwood,
alluding. to this vegetable, says thl it was
regarded, as a great luxury by Suit. fahom
ed 11, Ivlio cultivated, it with his own
hands inj . tha Seraglio Gardens.. "Having
one day perceived that some of his , cucum
ders were missing, he sett for his head gar
ner, and informed hitp that should Buell
a ,circumstarice occur again he would order
his headito be cut oft: The next day three
more, cucumbers had been stolep, upon
w i hicb the gardener, to save his imp head,
accused the pages of his highness Qr havidg
yUmmittid the the ft . : These unhappy
uthis vivre immediutelY sent for, and hair
i tall delared thetuselyea innocent , tote ett
'. god Stiittan,in ordeftodiaeor,er th culprit,
i rowan ed them • onaafter„ituoth
qer' o he ala
i
i,lmlve ed . ; Nothing ititsk
e ibd 0 e Atom
ah or trill of the, first: lilt rictornt, butihe
, ,
,
a tPP I, 7I?f the efl,entli proved biro to h4e
elm
,tl,O guilty otte.! ; ., - ,
II ! )
_ I. A Lo ?EMI% 4 AIISIONARIt or Pr.A5 K.-7
lon..9apea.Pmelat a 'ilew mod of m, - ,
king peace ,with illo.l4coi. and 'that, to 41. 1
~ audl Yankeeua', I ',the' country .- : b cnii)-1
l it
fib= ' Memphis", t l ch /40 13 teriT , TS
1 . illt,lieral MASS to? walk 4 11 9thiliqx-,
at3i ,s actions**e imdiest rOurmor, for
c4r d biltd-thein freormillY M al, l ir9 o ;
A üb, snorting locomotive' paling
- t
fire and smoke, iI **ow iiiissienery , of
knee; but will no . doubtLeffeet- isteiforable*
ohenge of sentiment' hi lfletico,ss the- pioul
genuflexions of Scoff fhe eufftsideilite oft
fete of - Triet. • • •
Of a late Re-survey andt , zamincition of the
Brceiwk Cenn l itiLshoeing its iris.
eat condition and . p4ohable.Revenue.—by
Wm. B. FOOTERi'lli:Civii - Estgineer.
Hon. GARRICK MALLEIk, _
President N. B' Canal Compute y,
SlR—ln reply to the request contained in
1
four communication Of the 6th November
last, I immedititely - procrded to make, in per,
son, a careful re-examination of .the North
Branch Canal, in its whele extent; and now
respectfully-submit a report upon the pres
ent condition of the work, with estimates of
the cost of completion, the probable revenue
to be - derived from _it,, together with some
other suggestions whick are deemed perti
nentto the subject.
An union of the valley of the Susquehan
na with the great Western Lakes, and open
ing a convenient avenue for exchanging the
rich mineral staples ofl "Pennsylvania for
those of New York—entOred into the earliest
plans of internal improvement presented to
the Atlantic States. It was embraced also,
in the grand and comprehensive schemes
adopted both by Peunpylvaniti and New
York; and after being prosecuted to tile ve
ry verge of completion, was only abandoned
under circumstances of the most imperative
neces.sity. In New York,the Chenan,go'and
Cheinung Canals were•bOili completed avow
edly for the purpose of reaching the coal and
iron treasures of Pennsylvania; and the
North Branch Canal was, prosecuted by our
State to meet the advances of New York,
and designed to unite with one or both those
avenues. t From 1836 to 1841, the work
progressed with great energy ; and when,
in .May of the latter ye.tt, the State directed
a suspension of the worklin all the unfinish
ed lines of improvemeit- - thcre had been
expended upon what walermed the " North
Branch extension," the sitm of two millions
four hundred and eightkfour thousand nine
hundred and thirty-nine _dollars and sixty
tents!
At the next•session obl r ie Legislature of,
Pennsylvania, after the' s suspension of this
work, the people itnrnet4ately inrerested in
-
it, procured the passage of a law authoriz
ing the incorporation of,g,t Company to finish,
that portion of the line ?extending from the
mouth of the Lackawanfta to the northern
'boundary of the State; and subsequentlY,
by a supplement to the 'original law,--thir
teen miles of the finished, " Wyoming line,"
extending from the Lackawanna downward,
to the mouth of Solomonls creek, four miles
below W,ilkesharre, (wbirli would cost the
'Commonwealth $550,000,) were added to
the work at first proposed to be yielded up
by the State,; thus offering to the capitalists
and others interested, works, in which Penn
:sylvania had ievested over three millions
,of
dollars on condition that a sum but little
i over one million should he expended in their
.completion !
I The extreme liberality of the proposed
grant by the State of iPenasylvania i has
;doubtless, of itself, operated as much as any
'Aber cause to produce distruk as to the value
and importance of this &ma!, in the minds
of those i who have the means and inclination
Ito make investments in' such works. In
ieed, it is not surprising . thavith persons
:onacquainted With all the-eircunaanees, this
should have been the case. That a great
State should,. after -expending alive than
three millions of dollars, suspend such a
work, and offer to indiviiluals for a term of
forty years, the whole behat of that invest- .
meat; agreeing, even if ?she should resume
it at that period, 10 repay the amount they
had exPended, and guaranteeing "seven
per cent per annum" uOn all the expendi
tures thus incurred, is a base uttparalled in
the existence of states, an 4 the history of pub
lic legislation... 1
To account for these - extremely liberal
propositions on the part - cif Pennsylvania, let
it be remembered that, at the period of sus
pending her publiaworks, she could not bor
row the sum - necessary 4, complete them at
any price; that she was increasing her im
mense debt at the rate o 1 nearly two millions
a year, by the issue of gertificates of Loan
in payment of the semiannual instalments
of interest upon that debti! Under these cir- -
cumstatres, the either* of the northern
counties, whose best hop - of prosperity lay
in the completion of the' improvements A
the Susquehanna, demanded that th'e Com-. 1
monwealth should either`fmish what in - itself
was a pahlic nuisattce,,lpr give,it up, to be
completed by individtatl enterprise. The
•State yielded ; and hence the - advantageous
chartersof the North Bra.' ch Canal Compa
ny.. I proceed now to ;ha ' estimate oC the
,cost of completing - this work,
,deduced as
well from field notes talqn at the time I hadi
charge of the line, as pktpdipal engineer in 1
'the service of 'OM
~.gtatqrecent
as' from a
careful re-examination iti,entire
length. -
That Tiortion of the work embraced in the '
charter, designated as tlit," Wyoming Line", ,
extending ',from_ "the mouth of Solomon's
creek to , the Feeder Panil across the LoOk.:
awanint, (i.filistance of thirteen miles,) tv.,10
goodiniviiible,cooditior4 With 'look-him*
,tinfl'eiery, thing.4ogaiiiir flif
,ipie... Ii 'Jo ,
liemfforseSeral liiiktsia
,plicgesifut.opg*
*ion, and - coo :the sykto. - • Tiiiiiqiliefolli:re
,inaiked';:pier.lilf atd . ir * o r 4„
4 ., ' l4 ,
'a liofi:proii*ii in '!ho ` ii oto„:4 40:0), 4 2,
w
mciiiii,„ithl Ivhene T ii 4 iouN ß !opii have
'lbeen.aetasily, taticiln i l by thik atockbOldeo
for;ih ' 1
7~ 0 .f -r r ile :t^ C ." ' .. 4 0 )1 1:tk! WClrk;Oie.,
State 3440 , inShiedi ti l t possession 'Or, the
.thole limii,Amil, die litigalliatedlspo)i *hi
pert_ iiCitil, to et 91k 0 the *e.fitf,4:ilo:,
CP - niPaii4. '} /_:,,e_tri l o l :1;',0 145 revenue vilij#
*watt tip** uriMaiNttely Oeri44
thirto#:iiiil!O;lP, Pa," at Aialry
six).per r *°P .01 , 6 :2 1 0.P0A0 0 , 1 ,
.iajd'Aithi ponrieroiot; • " : ~::
rpoi thitt , tiproclir - o - f the liiie:' ei
. .
•_
4.~
EMI
wHoLg 10: 58,
,T 4
.... .:. - 4 1
ijavOtheinfailic
7
id.ntes.ofFi.r.t...o.4,,,Ti.wital_iii.
.rwinvivw,Tiir.lis, •;faiatio,_,
iiertion: fi11.:.,"-41,
, Youiy otavortioemoutoi:, Atbs . prooptio — :44.. ~
•taTationimottoexowa •.- - 4 .. ,- : ,, ..--- -- •
Quortei &blink, with* ' T, ',Peep :rol,j ' k'oollo I
Sid( Ocilti ' - -' do -'` - ' - , ' , .do r ' ;: q -^l' 6 1
.111 .-
One Obluinsv ' ' do;", , .-.., 4a o - ,.,-,. -,.. z ,,,u n is
~
4osiiiemiCords, -,, i •do; ,-, ..„- - 11 0 , ~. - Nipi
All calm adveslisefootos kinked lit ioloooMfoi
imPles; ' --•
-. ' ,
1 . iidied `isitiento &Addle nioiiid Withilletili
pet: of iniertiona refplied., 4:-, ..; - ...t.1 1 .pi , r, f:t ,;:,,Tv - -,_
northern bouo;daffy ot.Pennsylvanis ,'
- distitMe'ofwler3f=
foltriiio2l4ooctiks, theelltardi
Brinek txtetishie) detaciied'OcOnti k ivei
. ,
been. eon ptited; amounting Oil
to thirtj 7 twO and 40-100 •
the' iehutiriirtg: distafiCa' of sisty4mo'itid,
11-100 Miles mote or leis work ' has dtinOtipou aintout - eveiir mile it` But the j •
*dui rdtikirid tii:coi4lete it; compared istlb
thotidriiof exPended; h shoire-littati-elasAy' .
the dOickuieof '7viiilediine - priiportiim 'to
that
Thd diniemuons "of Ishii' canal, rislir
have:completed, tiorreSpead*ith - tbilir
of the North Branch'lfuequehauda
visioni;,eitendirit doirty'ttier river id Cebist i el'
his ;• having a width of twenty-eighthiiii oni
the hettoM; 'forty feet at the _surface,
four - eldet depth of water.. The - loolts , ,Orst
oinetY-fotir feet long by seventeen feet riti‘
in thelchumber ; And: the lockage. froinlthd
month of the Lackawanna to the Statecitte,
averages but little over two feet per mile
Its capacity, 'when completed,.would
fore,.he ample to pass One million tonieadi
way, .per annum-
Esizai4TED Cosx.-4.The followint inno
mart' =statement exhibit; the estimated east
of; the various deseriptiotts 'of work yet
reinaining,tci { he done ; the quantities, atipeß
fore 'remarked, dediided - _from the original
,field notes, and a recent careful re-examinti
tion of the line ; with 'prices affixed, suffij
ciently liberal to cover-ali-eontingeneesi
1 Dam across the Cheining at
Athens', - - - - '
2. Dams across the Susquehanna,
Tcital - estimated cost of dams,. -$122,019-1*
9 Aqueducts, three of - Which are
partly built, - - -
27 Locks and • 2 Guard-gates, three
of the former being dompleted,
some work done at Aix others, 148,625 - Oil
,Culverts, ranging from 2 to 24 • s' ,
feet. span, - - - I- • - - 1. 35,220:00
1 Tosifing-path Bridge !, •
over the Phemung,. 411,028 00
1 Towing path over '
etntillrun at Towanda, I 500 00 -'t
34 Roadluid farm bri'ges,
over the Canal, of
which 24 are either a
finished or partly so,
1 '27,600 00
• •-,30 - tal estimated costlif bridges , q ,- .; $39448 •OCO
•
27 Locis-houses, - - - I - - -
_13,5(10-00
19 Ny,aite•weirs, fice, of ioclOckare
-, P4; 11 9 , 4 1 1 13 bed,- 1- - - "10,000'40'
18 WitOr ways imond Ldcks, • - 5;400100
Makink Fenr.e, \ 15,600 Rods. - 11,700 00'
Making. Roads where destroyed by CP • '
Canal,. - - - - - - 8,600 0*
Rezpoiinn--Rnildings fnirinjhe line of
- qina, . 'r 2,44010 -
Sections, coinpriiing clicuations4if ,t;.. . ,
Earth and Rock, Embankments,
I Vertical 'and slope 3141415.„. . ti
;Lining, Puddling, Seri, 599,727 lifif
Total eSt'd cost of completing line; :-1006,037,
.--r----t,--. , ,
Tlie foregoing estimate con4mpletesit
permanent and useful Work,dipOsing with
all ornament, and only preVitlintifor w t hitt*
necessary to make it sobitaofei. :- , ~-,:.
The Dams are deeigeed,to be mile of -
round andsquare timbers,Well,framed'and
pinned together, and I compactlr filled; with
stone; the slopes to Ibe covered , with oek
timber, not less than' eight inches tit/ek e l,l4
well secured to the Dams with iron
bolts.—r-
-
Thg nbutmentsAre to' be ; foanded at. in 5 1
depth as to render them secure, &ode .
bun of heavy durable stone. At eae as
proviiion has been !Dade in the etitittitiett; ter
the construction of eichute staitablio - nribek
s:afe descent of arks Unit otheririvei ere* ,
The 'AquedUcts ,ryill . , all be upon gravel
foundations, and. ore designed to have heavy
abutments and piers, resting upon a platfortis
of thither and plank; sunk to such depth eis
to render them secure from the action of the
floods in the several, streams,; and preveno
them; from undermining. - The masottij , to
he rubble-work, of large durable stone, well
bedded and jointed and laid dry: Tim stir ,
perstroctures, to he of wood. - In caseiwheiti '
the simile do not exceed thirty;ftve f4t; . , : tb4
trunk will be' supported by string_ineeee
laid fongitudinally _tinder it ; and Where*
spans' re to exceed thirty-five feetithe.trulk
will be supported by archi Roil time:Wl:4li br
sufficient strength to bear any, Weight,,that
may be required. : • - ,4
The Locks are designed to he_iiiiitl!idi 4
good; heavy; (hirable stones laid dry an d
faced with planks, :The :com posite Lock ii
best Adapted to the circumstances of thii
canal, as no , stone i suitable' for, din .10),D, a
locks;are be . had, at; reasonable nnet ,i
-while tholig of ; a gooddAutility - for a contitto:f
site lack, ate easily 'obtained. .. . '
Peasant
_CONDITION .011' Tar. W 011,11,1
- , , ,
referChceto the present tonditiop of the an
finished wOrk,it may bp aaid`to be , in are.
wierhable state of preservation. TiiiA *lli
and niPbalikill*u!A an'giani,Aiiii.*. 'And*
iiiill i - - itijuii the work '
.his sustained:4, - 4e
iuspeesinn, copilots, iii the'
natural decay ~el:'
those wooden ; portions of -the locks, Teeier
wiere, and bridges iihic4wel, v.rh011Y, 1 4:,44
part completed ; ands!at:three. pointe . t*tbe
/ ti
line; 'tirliere' land elide Jutie broken honk*
ainiiiitain side .1,n . ,4 pit . - all - j , 'lled the.totnill,
Thiilattei source of, irffiCuli •ia!a t tte(4i i ii
to near so great an
,tt tetii,,,ttul,l , h4;itprei.,
beinted;; end tnikiii.but a 11 : 1 : 1 1511#!*jp,thi
estimated , a tneunt . tif, Utork ...petvizielo:COlp
Pleti,diniOn". ' -The"! .poinhtlttt_. iitick'thai
slide", ere ilkelyr. ta-'l43OFt-a:liftaiti#l*ltO
'ileiekilink#o4,b;r: i701!,.5i, 1 4- 111 „ c°C .4 4 0 iii
- thin rthelide ...-- 00 . - ----' '4: a i to void
- - - -_,
.
1
ritat4
irboi,*.t,
a 2
>,
_114,707 oil
107,252!00
$109,718 $
~ .4 0 6 1. 0 7H, ,,T ,
-AWL .
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