( EMBASSADORS NAMED ANDREW D. WHITE GOES TO GERMA NY, GENERAL DRAPER TO ITALY. CharlftmBfrne Tower Opt the Miaul nn to Anfttrla-Hnnfrnry, Frank W. Fuliner Will B IMbllo I'rlnter snil lt iijittuln lluU terworth For remltm Coiiiiiilnlimir. Washington, April 7. The president has sent to the senate the following nominations: KmbasRftdor to Oermany Andrew D. White of New York. Embassador to Italy William F. Dra per of MaftsachUBPtts. Secretary of KmhaBpy at Rome Chandler Hale of Maine. Com mlfBl oner of patents Benjamin Bntterworth of Ohio. Consul at Puchau, China Samuel L. Oracey of Massachusetts. Assistant Secretary of the Interior Thomas Kyan of Kansas. Commissioner of Pensions Henry Clay Evans of Tennessee. Assistant Secretaries of the Treasury . Oliver V. Ppaulding of Michigan and William B. Howell of New Jersey. Minister to Japan A. E. Buck of Georgia. Consul at Liverpool James Boyle of Ohio. Secretary of legation at City of Mex ico F. H. McCieery of Michigan. Appralper of Merchandise at Philadel phia Custom House Linn Hartranft of Pennsylvania. United States Marshal For the Dis trict of New Jersey T. J. Abbott of New Jersey. Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt of New York. Andrew 1). White. Andrew D. White Is the distinguished educator. He was the first president of Cornell university, a post he held for many years. He Is a native of New York, having been born at Homer, In this Btate, In November, 1832. He Is of New England parentage and also a graduate of Yale university. He was president of the Republican state con vention of New York In October, 1861, mmm ARDREW D WHITE. and was United States minister to Ger many from 1879 till 1S81 and later to Prussia. Mr. White was also one of the United States commissioners to Santo Domingo and aided In preparing the report of that commission. His most recent public work has been aB a member of the Venezuelan Arbitration commission appointed by President Cleveland. William F. Draper. General Draper was born In Lowell, Mass., and was educated In the public schools. After working a few years In a cotton mill he enlisted as a private In the war, and was continuously pro moted for various services to the rank of brevet brigadier general, which he held In the army of the Potomac. Re turning from the front, he Joined his father In business, and has since occu pied a prominent position as a manu facturer, being the president or direct or of a great number of railroad and manufacturing companies. He was a delegate to the Republican convention which nominated President Hayes and presidential elector at large on the Re publican ticket in 1SS8. He Is a member of many prominent clubs and of the Loyal Legion. Theodore Roosevelt. Mr. Roosevelt's political career mny be said to have begun with his election to the New York state legislature In He was re-elected in 1K83 and be came the Republican leader of the house. In 18H4 he was In the famous legislative committee of that year that set out to Investigate the abuses ul New York official life, a task which was largely left for the Lexow com mlttee to finish. In 1S84 Mr. Roosevelt was a delegate at large to the Repub lican national convention and an out and out lilalne man. In 1886 he was the V TBSODOKK HOOSKYKLT. regular Republican nominee for mayor of New York city against Henry George and Abram S. Hewitt. He was appointed to the national civil service coimnibtiiun in May, 1SS9, which position he held until he was made police com miguloner of New York by Mayor Strong in April, lk95. Mr. Hooueveit has attained much prominence as a postprandial orator and a writer on a wide ratine of topics. Including his ex periences as a cowboy In the weat. C'oiituiert'll Traveler' league. Rochester, April 6. About 50 commer cial travelers representing aii parts of the United Stales have formed in this city a national league In the interest of commercial travelers, its object being to secure special hotel and railway rales and other coiicesiuns of advantage to members from a pecuniary standpoint. The awiiH iatitin will be named the Com mercial Travelers' National league. Aaotker liana l'll. Morgan, Tex.. April 8. The bank of the firm of J'n f- Tandy & Co. of this city has closed its duors. Assets and liablliiits are not given. It is believed the depositors will be paid in full. . Mr Tandy is also president of the bank ing tirm of Tandy. Patterson & Co. of Cameron. Tex. fa WHAT GAC1E SAID. PROPHESIED IN 1891 THE PREDICA MENT OF OUR TREASURY DE PARTMENT IN 1893. Ills Often Qnoted Adilrem or 1H4 -Important a. Outlining the Frewenr1 Vlelri of the Secretary of the Treawory Im portance of Credit Real Money Tenuis I'romlftrito Pay Makeshift Igl.tatlon Summary of Defects of Onr Currency System. The new sccretitry of tlio treasury, Ljmun J. Gupn, in not a novice either in the theory or practice of financial affairs. Long before most bankers and bnsiness men were greatly concerned about our national finances he saw (lun ger ahead and prophesied wlint would a iid what did happen, unless certain changes were made in onr nnscientific tmd uiiMonml financial system. On. Feb. in, 1H0I, Mr. Gage read a paper before the Sunset club in Chicago. After explaining how silver and gold money had been evolved "by the free piny of lininau choice, ending in consensus of action, and never by conventional agree ments made in advance, "he discussed cur own monetary conditions. He point ed out how the United States, by ac cepting both metals and by nllowing its creditors to choose either, kept together (he two metals, whose values were di- vtrging rapidly. To the question, Can wot the government continue this policy indefinitely and thns"forever preserve a higher valno to the silver coin than its (quivalent in silver bullion? he replied that it conld not. "The proportion of silver payments to the government, " ho said, "wilj steadily increase nntil the treasury department will be obliged to either pay in silver or bny gold in ex change for it. With free coinage of sil ver," he added, "this result will be the sooner reached, 'f Nothing conld be clearer or sounder than this. It is pre cisely what happened. In the autniun of 1894 he took part in nn elaborate discussion of the money question at the Commercial club of Chi cago. His address at this meeting 18 often referred to and is now of much in terest, since it contains whnt he says are still substantially his ideas in regard to currency reform. We quote below the greater part of this address: 'In speaking upon the sumect of our money system one must he aware that in whatever ho may say he will excite the hostile criticism and draw forth hitter invective from some one or more of the various factions who are seeking to es tablish on new and experimental foun dations our much disturbed financial strnctnre. 'Through our heterogeneous system the public mind has seemingly lost the power to discriminate between real things and the shadows or signs of things. It is necessary that disguises be pulled aside und that real facts appear. 'There is, in truth, only one real money viz, metallic coin, it may be composed of grjld or silver. It might be of something else, hut it is not. Green- bucks, treasury notes and nutioual hank notes are but promises to pay. In the nature of things they can be nothing more. They pass ns money, perform the functions of money, often more conven iently than money itself. Because of this confusion conies, and we are led astray. Seeing that the greenback is uttered by the government; that it has, by the legal tender quality imparted' to it, the power to pay debts, and that it circulates with all the power of money, discrimination ceases wo call it money and the idea that government can create money by its sanction or fiat becomes rooted in the mind. The distinctions just pointed out are, however, fundamental distinc tions. They should be taught in the schools. They are simple, easy to be un derstood even by a child. "We admit that on many occasions paper money, whether greenbacks, treas ury notes or national bank notes, is more to be desired than gold. Yet more to be desired thun either, as proved by the daily conduct of men, is a credit balance in a solvent bank. For, to secure this better form of good, people volun tarily give to the banker these promises to pay yea, even gold itself for a credit to an equal sum-upon his books. With an entry upon their passbook as evidence of tho transaction they claim to have "money in the bank." In popu lar language, the claim is well enough, hut, correctly speaking, it is positively tintrne. They have parted with their money, if money they had. It belongs to the banker; it is no longer theirs. "The consideration they have received is an agreement from the banker to meet their requisitions' npon him from time to time. If the banker is faithful to his obligations they have made no bad bargain, for all these thiugs-greon-backs, treasury notes, national bank notes and, to uso the popular language, money in bank are in their nature and essence one via, they are forms of credit. Their value, each and all alike, lies in the ability of the owner to con vert them at last into the only real form of money now existent metallic coin. And to push the question a little fur ther, the only value of the metallic coin lies," not in the coin as a coin, but in the power of tho metal tho coin contains to exchaugo for other things. " It should here be noted that while our silver dollar is real money its power to exchange for other things is mora than doubled by another and artificial value imparted to it through the law, which gives it power equal to the dollar in gold to pay customs dues. Having an equal value in this direction, the qnamity being limited, it has equal value iu all directions, but the differeuce between the nirtaliio value of the silver dollar and this arbitrary value lies in the realm of credit. What I have so fur said lies at the foundation of the subject aud must tie first understood. "We have now current iu the United States available iu the purchase and sale of cowuionitiea and for the payment of liilior scrvicu the following agencies: "First, gold coin, silver coin real money. "Next, greenbacks, treasnry notes, national buuk notes and bank checks. The last four to be classified together as forms of credit. "Their respective legal relationships to reul money, however, are not alika 1 he national bunk note and the buuk cheek may both beeutisfied by the tender of greenbacks or treasury notes, while the lust two are redeemed only iu coin or in payment of public dues. "In pulsing it may be well to note the relative nse of those various agencies in the practical operations of commerce nnd trade. No better place tn determine ttii can be found than the counter of a bank, und the following statement of the amount of each received by a bnnk in this city on a recent day will indicate tlvir relative importance in that direc tion: (Mil coin Hilvtr coin Hold crrtinVntr Silver ci'rtitlintes 16.KJT1 4.04S fW.lLt) sa, na B4.3:l Lnviil toiler notes and greenbacks. . Trctitmrj nntn Ntmonnl bank nob-s , Total wh '.WHI Checks, drnftH, hills of exchange tft.8 8.IM8 "Percentage of cash to total credits, 5 per cent. "The lesson to be drawn from theso figures is this: "Much the larger part of all our com mercial exchanges are carried on by bank checks or other instruments of pri vate credit. Theso instrnments all relate to a certain form of money, iu place of which they for the moment stand. If uncertainty intervene as to what this related tiling this money is, or is to be. distrust nnd confusion enter in. The mighty agency of personal credit is shaken. Commercial exchanges fall off, trade languishes and industry declines. . "The greenback was issued to pay debts, not to acquire value, or, if value was received, such value was either con sumed or converted into value not avail able in the market. The greenback paid soldiers and government employees; it bought powder aud munitions of war. The existence of a greenback is tho evi dence of a debt not paid. It is a lieu upon the fnture. "A national bank note, on tho con trary, is the evidence of some existing value which lies somewhere ns collateral for its redemption. To transfer such values is tho only ordinary nnd proper occasion which calls for their issue. The volume in which they will appear marks the rise in prices or an increasing quantity of existing things. Like the bank check, they will be iu nctive serv ice when trade and commerce are nctive. Thns thev enjoy the principlo of elas ticity, wholly lacking in any possible form of direct government issue. Tho method of their retirement is wholly different nnd subjects the trade and com merce of the country to less dangerous strain. "There is no reason why tho govern ment should act as warehouseman for either gold or silver. Such a function is outside its proper limit of action. But we are faced by the condition, and it is the bete noire of the treasury. The enormous amount of $500, 000, 000 of silver, represented by $838,000,000 in silver certificates, added to the 150, 000,000 purchased by the government under the Sherman act, constitutes a standing menace to every business inter est. "Our whole monetary system is the resultant of makeshift legislation and unscientific compromises. It is time that reform began. I do not assume to offer more final remedies. In my own opinion the greenbacks should bo permanently retired. The silver purchased under the Sherman act should be gradually sold and the treasury notes redeemed and canceled. Some well guarded system of bank note circulation, broader and more elastic than the present national bank act provides, should be inaugurated, Such bank notes should be redeemable at a central plnco and be redeemable in gold only. 'To sum op, the defects of our pres ent currency system are: 1. A confusing heterogeneity which needs simplifies! tiou. 2. The greenback controverts the principle of paper money viz, that ev ery uole injected into the commercial system should represent an existing commercial value. 8. The treasury note is a standing evidence of a foolish opera tion, the creation of a debt for the pur chase on a falling market of aoomuiodity for which the purchaser has no use it lies open to the just charge of being both idiotic aud immoral. 4. The national bank note nearly conforms to the true principle of paper money, but the un reasonable requirements for security paralyze its cfiiciency and operate to destroy its elasticity. 6. Tho silver cer tificate encourages the nse of silver to a larger extent than consists with the safe preservation of that metal on a parity with gold. "Would a national commission help to promote reform? There is reason to hope that it would be of great service in that direction. Such a commission, if rightly select d, would throw a flood of light npon these involved questions. The information it illicit gather would be of immense value to all our people and would guide us to wise legislation. "Emotion und sentiment are not safe guides ill mutters of science. A clear apprehension of true principles will lead to correct action." Credit For Farmers. Wo have lately given somo account of the operation of agricultural bunks in Europe, which have done very much for the farming class by making it possible for it to secure loans on such security aa farmers can offer. The farmer is espe cially in need of credit, for the interval must always be considerable between the preparation of the soil and the har vesting of the crop. He must spend money a long time before he can get any back. As to most of his products, ho may be said to be carrying on a busi ness where the stock is turned over but once a yeur. furthermore, aa a crop matures all over the eonutry at the same season, aud generally within a period of a few weeks, it is particularly impor tant to the farmer that he should not be compelled to realize ou his harvests im mediately. He would break the market if he were obliged to Bell all his crops as soon as gathered, aud yet he must sell a good deal, for he has been under expense for numtlis without any income. While the farmer more than almost any other producer needs credit, he can not generally offer commercial security, and real estata is not a good security for ordinary tanks of discount to take, aud it is uuiawful for our national banks to accept it. The result is that the farmer is usually compelled to sell his produce at an unpropiiuius time or to get credit of merchants aud private bankers for bich usurious rates are obtained. In this country there has been practically uo effort to supply this need for agricul tural credits, although the brokers and private bankers and factors who have J -HECLIP5EU- Poultry Brooder. BEST MADE.-- - 1 CEND FOR CIRCULAR, vrhlrh e uplainn why you should uie a HKOUDKR, and why you ihould purcha the ECLITE BROODER. A1n pirw teMtimffilnls from MANY WHO HAVE USt.D THEM. CAPACITY, 100 CHICKS. 5lre: ft J Inches tntifr, j Inches wide. 16 Inches high. Weight 133 lbs. Price 1 Single one. $9.00. Two or more, $8. go apiece. If not M trprencnted, monry refunded. JOHN D. WINGF-RT, M AN't'F ACTUKKR, PAYETTUViLLH, - PI'.NN. made a practice of lending to farmers have made a great deal of money out of it, for the absence of competition en ables them to get a high rate for money, and the farmer pretty geucrally pays his debts. It is singular that in onr own country no effort has been made to afford agti cultnre in general the capital it needs for the improving of laud and for carry ing 011 farm operations during the long intervals between the annual marketing of crops. Tho changed conditions of the times make it imperative tliat farming must be conducted upon more scientific principles so as to get out of the land more than it has beretotore produced, and that necessity leaves no alternative but either to afford the farmer enlarged credit facilities or to leavo the present landholders to be frozen ont by insolv ency, with the resnlt of transferring this iudustiy to a class possessing ampler means und tible to cultivate larger farms upon improved methods. Journal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin. Why Intcrrt t tilth la Texas. The Galveston Daily News reminds its Texas readers' of the difference in in terest rates iu the northeastern states and iu some of the weBtern and southern states aud gives them a few elementary lessons on the reasons for this difference. "Interest is never so low, it says, in communities given over to suspicions fires, questionable assignments, frundu lent failures or to legislation with a de cided turn against the creditor and iu favor of the debtor." Much of the mar ket rate of interest is insurance against risk, and of course diminishes as the risk decreases. "Where men are required by law to pay their debts and nre not sheltered and encouraged in tricky courses by unreasonable exemption laws and by a publio prejudice against crcd itors as a class the risk is naturally less serums. Making its application to Texas, The News says: "We have a right to to leave a fraudulent debtor a residence worth 150,000, all the bank stock or bonds he can curry and an extraordinary collection of the tools of his trade or profession aud to defy his creditors to crook a finger at him. Wo cau do this if we prefer, but it is going to cost ns something." It asks why the "goodly majority of the people of Texas," wno are not disposed to live high today and hide behind the exemption law, the as sigi;ieut law or some other law tomor row, " should he forced by the discredit of bad laws and a few dishonest men "to pay two prices for overy dollar they borrow." It believes the rate of interest would come down one-half and the loanable funds would double if the hon est men of the state would demand the .enactment of laws under which a cred itor could collect what is due hiin. CUSHION FRAME BICYCLE . prevents jolts, j.ir ani strains. F wny ride a Kifid rid a RisMd Frani. with its injurious effects, when you can buy a whi giving EASE AND COMFORT? Lines of Wheel Unchanged. J Durability lncreaied. Send fur catalogue of ourKigid and Culmm Frame lih yelcs. RICHMOND BICYCLE- CO., Kicnnu.Ni, ind. Eastern Branch, I 11 Oumkvr St., i New Yorlu The Hons llulldrd on the Sands. msm. .Hffvif M.w- m if I iii !r 1 jfi i There's a !h(imr,t1X IN THU. FliiLIJ. 1 V SITO1 I trAM A 1 I ' THE NEW-YORK WEEKLY TRIBUNE fx-. IT GIVES nil imp ii timt licwn of tho Nation. IT GIVES nil itni it-Lint nowa of tho Wmld. IT GIVES (ho most reliahlo nmrket, reports. IT GIVES hrillinnt nnd instructive editorials. IT GIVES fiisoitintitif; short stories. IT GIVES nn unexcelled tittrifultural dcjinvtitiont. IT GIVES scientific nnd nieclinnicnl information. IT GIVES illustrated fashion articles. IT GIVES humorous illustrations. IT GIVES entortiiinmont to yortnn and old. IT GIVES siitisfnetion everywhere) to everybody. We furnish the PIKE COUNTY I YEAR for $1.65. Cash in Advance. Address all orders to PIKE COUNTY PRESS, M,,for&,. Write your namo and address on oesT, 1 ricunn utiire. new York city, and a sample copy 1 THE NEW YORK WEEKLY TRIBUNE will be mailed to you. hat you a yonn num 01 twciity-om; who (losn t tlnnK he in bit! to fjivo liis elders a tfootl do il (if in form tion iilnmt. tiling in gcni'rnl. A lnercltitiit selling rcomls clienner tlmn BROWN & AttMsniO.XO.' A doctor who will tell his jmtients the truth when there is nothintr the mutter with them. A hetter rtiiility of flour thnn is sold hy BROWN & ARMSTRONG nt $5.73 a barrel. A carpet in n Indie's' room that lias not got a Hireadhare jiieeo in front of the looking glass. A coflVo for 30 cents ns good as BROWN & ARMSTRONG nt same price, A boy who doesn't bvair about what lie is going to do when he is n man. Another store in town that bnys flour, salt, etc., in (Mr load lots ns BROWN & ARMSTRONG does to get bottom prices. Brown & Armstrong. w Dealers in Fancy & Staple Dry Goods, Groceries, Provisions, Hardware, Crockery, Glassware, Boots, Shoes, Etc. Corner Broad and Ann Streets. DO YOU EXPERT TO A. D. BROWN & SON, Manufacturers and dealers In all kinds of Contractors Estimates made ; personal guaranteed. OFFICE, Brown's Building, Milford, Pa. rail lulOi Caveitt, and 'i'nuie-Mark obtained and ail irat cnt buaiaesconducted tat Modcratc Fees. OUR OFFICE IS OPPOSITE U. B. PATCNT OFF1C K Mai we ota feet uf plcut ui leu UuiC Utul luua. remote from W ashinirtun. Send model, drawing or photo., with descrip tion. We advi-j. if ua!rTiLL,la or nut. lice iii J ciiArpe. Our fee not due liU patent is sciurrd. , PaMPHLCT, liw 10 uuuun l aientt, with cot of mile in the U. S. aud foreign countries itiit free. Address, C.A.SHOW&CO. Or. Patcnt Office. Washington. D. C. Advertise in the PRESS. It FOR EVERY member of EVER family on EVERY farm, in EVRY village, in EVCRY State or Territory FOR Education, FOR Noble Manhood, FOR True Womanhood. PRESS and WEEKLY TRIBUNE a postal card, send it to Geo W. won't see ! MITCHELL, BUILD? THEN SEE Lumber, and Builders. attention given and work "Nothing else like it:" j The most refreshing and pleasant Soap for the skin. It Lists twice as Ion; as others. y A trial wil'. convince you of Its greet i uirit. Will yWfade toe meet faaudioue. ! CHARLES F. MILLER, ,vtr. of r'Kb.NCn MILI.KU TOILET SOAHS AND HLkHUMfcKY, i Lancaster, Peniu I'aTAUI.lSSHKU. s9. GUTANEQUSjj .Soap. tt Thuw Axmmic fou thi J 3 4 OILET XURS :VjiBATM I3J a Price 25 W CROP BULLITIN MARCH. The rrop-rt Are llrlght for a Imr of rienty nnd l'ronrl!y. Forming oporntions have boon ro- tni'dod by wot wonthor in tho Btntos of tho central valleys, nnd tho season is somewhat backward generally. rxmio corn has been planted as far north ns Tonnossoo nnd the southern portions of Missouri and Kansas. Farther aouthgrentor pro gress has been made, planting in Texas and northern Louisiana being about completed, nnd in Alnbnnn, Mississippi, nnd Texas tho early planted is up. (Jot ton planting in Texas has pro gressed favorably, nnd some h8 been planted in South Carolina, but in other stntos of tho cotton belt practically no planting had been done np to the closs of tho month. In Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Oklahoma preparations for seeding nre in progress. Winter wheat is reported winter killed to somo extent in Missouri, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana and Wiscon sin, nnd whilo the crop has sustained injury in Ohio, tho outlook in that State is reported ns not discouraging Tho early sown in Kansas is in ex cellent condition, and in Oklahoma, Arkansas, nnd Texas the crop is re ported ns promising. In Michigan and Indiana the crop has been dam aged by floods. Spring -wheat is doing -well in Kansas, nnd preparations for in creased ncreage nre in progress in Iowa. In tho Dakotns nnd Minne sota preparations for seeding have not yet begun. In Now England tho winter has boen favorable, grain is excellent peach buds hardly injured, grass lands in good condition and farmers in onion nnd truck bolt ready for work. New Jersey reports that in all sec tions of the State, winter grain, grass and crimson clover have win tered well and are in fine growing condition. Fruits are very prom ising, and plowing has commenced. In Pennylvania, grass and grain have wintered well, some early gar dening dono, fruit buds not injured, and stock in good condition. Throughout the South and West tho reports nre generally favorable, and the soason promises exception ally well for all kinds of grains and fruits. ' The general indications are excellent for good crops of all kinds, all over the country. Borne small sections have suffered by reason of too much rain and severe cold, but on the whole the outlook is most encouraging. There seems also to be a general revival in construction enterprises, especially in railroad building, and the expectation is that some more work will be done in this direction during the coming season than ever before. Already exten sive preparations have boen made and largo numbers of men engaged. It seems now that with good crops and plenty of work for the unem ployed the country is beginning a new era of prosperity. Pennsylvania'! New Libel Law. Tho new libel bill, as agreed npon by the Judiciary Committee of the Pennsylvania House of Representa tives, although it does not meet with the entire approbation of the news paper men of tho State, is an im provement on the measure as first introduced. Some of the provisions of the bill are reasonable, and just actions for libel, civil or criminal, may be in stituted only in the county in which the alleged libel has been actually published. Criminal actions for libel shall be maintained for any maliciously false publication, or for a malicious false publication not proper for public information, relat ing to a private individual, against the writer, tho editor who directs the false publication, or any editor or publisher who knowingly per mitted such publications, or against any editor or publisher who refuses ro divulge the name of the author of the libel. In any civil action for libel the plea of justification shall bo ac c:tptd as adequate when it is pleaded by the defendant that the publication is substantially true in every material respect, and if such plea shall be established to the sat isfaction of the court ami jury there shall be no recovery. The plea of justification, if made in good faith, shall not enhance damages. k Railroad la Siberia. The rails on the Trans-Silierian are laid for a distance of 5,000 miles and the section of Western Siberia is ready for freight and passenger truffle. It is expected that the road will he completed by the beginning of the century, and will he 11,100 miles long, and then a person can make a tour around the world in thirty days. This railroad is being so constructed, the mils are laid about 2 inches wider than on other European roads, that in case of war it cannot be used by any other nation.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers