jj r 1 * Many are Molding J 5J Hi*K Positions j[J : Mcin'>s Era o. Washington I JJJ ib m % l> "This is the age of the young man In government," said Chief Examiner ©f the Civil Service Commission Ser pen, the practical man of Uncle Sam's big employment agency. "A notable case of the successful young man in government is George B. Cortelyou, secretary to the late President McKin iey. He is still in his thirties. After finishing a Normal School education at 20, he studied stenography and began work as a general law and verbatim reporter when 21. Later he became principal of a school, improving his stenography all the while. Four years more and he became private secretary to the post office inspector and later to the surveyor of the Port of New York. In a few years he was in the departments as private secretary to the fourth assistant postmaster-general. he entered the law school and won both a b-ichelor's and master's degree. "Secretaryships, are perhaps the best apprenticeships for those ambitious to become statesmen and public men. The secretaries to Senators, Representa tives, Cabinet officers and bureau chiefs are in elbow touch with the most in fluential men of the nation every day. "Frank Vanderlip was but 35 when made assistant secretary by promotion from the position of private secretary 'to Secretary Gage. He began on a farm, worked in a machine shop, studied in two universities, became a reporter, financial editor and then went to the treasury department. rc* ifTi ift. vX /T" ai* n I Eiiqvsette of | Flag Signals "What is the origin of the custom of displaying flags at half-staff, or, as people usually say, half-mast?" This question, when it was put to me the other day, appeared to have an easy answer: "It is borrowed from the navy. The ensign or pennant at half-mast is a recognized sign of mourning." "Yes; but was it at first a ship's signal of distress, as some say—even some of the good dictionaries?" I have heard that In the seventeenth century it was so employed by the Spaniards; but, at any rate, toward the en'd of the eighteenth century the signal of distress recognized by French and English sailors was a dif ferent affair, as the following story shows: Anno 1783—The French ship Sybille, a powerful 3G-gun frigate, is sighted off Cape Henry by the Hussar, of 28 guns. Now, the Sybille a few days be fore in a drawn fight with one of the ships of the English fleet to which the Hussar belongs, sustained such injur ies that she has subsequently been dis masted in a puff of wind and is under jury masts. As she is therefore un able to chase the Hussar, she seeks to entice her alongside. In order to take her by boarding, and accordingly she hoists to the peak the French ensign under the English, as if admitting that <3v®>'o':'^-OVOO-:'O < 9V'>LC'J< | Threw Gold j to Lottos w ► -<-ms>--•:> Ov>--■!••-o-i-a-GCffl- Lotta, the ex-actress. In private lite lcuown as Miss Charlotte Crahtree, Is a most charming and dignified woman of petite figure and middle age. She has lived In retirement for nearly twenty years. She left the stage at the height of her popularity for rea sons that have never been definitely stated. ' Her singular influence over rough men was exemplified when she was about 17. In charge of her mother, she ■was making a tour of the Nevada mining camps. She landed at Ham ilton. one of the roughest camps in the territory. An expectant crowd of particularly rough miners was at the tavern to meet her when the stage drove up. When there alighted from the stage a spare, elderly lady, who was Mrs. , J Crabtree, and a little girl in short 4f frocks, who was Miss Crabtree, the disappointment wasloudlyand vocifer ously expressed. However, any show was better than none, and that oven ing the miners fairly packed the place where the show was to take place. Two billiard tables had been pushed together to make a stage, a curtain being dropped between for the pur poses of retirement. At the hour set for the opening there stepped from be hind this curtain on to the front bil liard table a demure little creature with skirts reaching to the knees and carrying a banjo slung negligently over her shoulders. The audience was very cold. In less than half an hour, however, Lotta had every mother's son of them in a state of high-wrought enthusiasm. She sang to them, danced for them, and told them funny stories with tireless energy, and they encored her again and again. Finally one man in the au- V dience, carried entirely away by en thusiasm, came down to the front with a whoop, and, throwing some thing on the stage cried out: * "John E. Wllkie, chief of the secret service, is another example for the young man. He was in his thirties when President McKinley gave him his appointment. He began work when he was 17, but improved his spare time with reading and study. "O. P. Austin, chief of the bureau of statistics, another young man, camo up through the rank of reporter, editor and Washington correspondent. There was James H. Eckels, appointed comp troller of the currency when but 35. He was graduated in law at 22. He is now president of the Commercial Bank, Chicago. Charles G. Dawes was but 32 when appointed to the same re sponsible position. "Mr. Ridgcley, the present comp troller, is also a young man. James A. Wetmore, chief of the law and record division of the treasury, is still in his thirties. Commissioner of Navi gation Chamberlain was but 37 when appointed. He was a Harvard gradu ate and newspaper correspondent. "Dean C. Worcester was but 32 when he became Philippine commissioner a few years ago. Arthur W. Ferguson, the new secretary of state for the Phil ippines, cannot be much older. "W. F. Willoughby, who was made treasurer of Porto Rico the other day, is but 34. He is a university graduate. Felix Brannigan, treasurer of the Phil ippines, and W. Martin Schuster, col lector of customs for the islands, are both young men." I Origin of Custom IN of Ma.!f-M&.stinfi p Ensigns w i onpwwwvwiv sho is captured. All this is legitimate, whether the Hussar takes the bait or no. But the French captain goes too far. He hoists in the main shrouds an ensign reversed and tied in a weft or loop. Now, this being a well known signal of distress—an appeal to a com mon humanity which no generous offi cer could disregard—the Hussar at once closes. Fortunately, however, her crew arc at quarters when the Sy bille, hauling down the English flag at the peak and hoisting the French above, endeavors to run her on board. The extreme rolling natural to a ship not steadied by sufficient sail exposes the Sybille's bottom, and several shots from the Hussar go through her very bilge. By this time another English man-of-war comes up, and the Sybille strikes her flag—the reversed ensign with its weft, so dishonorably hoisted, remaining in the shrouds. So much for tho signal of distress theory. We know that flags were commonly used at funerals in England, especially before tho middle of the seventeenth century, not reversed or tied in a weft, but floating in their normal posi tion. This practice was discontinued little by little, though no doubt some trace of its influence is still seen in tho universal display of military flags on occasions of national bereavement. —New York Herald. 0-;0-S5-:-0> How Youthful + Actress Aroused ErvthustCLsm "There, you can have my pile." The example was contagious. In less than a minute every man in the place was scrambling eagerly forward to divest himself of riches in order to lay them at Lotta's feet. The result of that night's work was the most profitable in the history of Mies Lotta's career on the stage, either in Nevada or anywhere else.—• Philadelphia Saturday Evening Post. Fancy May Adorn Naked Facts. Most marvellous and enviable is that fecundity of fancy which can adorn whatever it touches, which can invest naked fact and dry reasoning with unlooked-for beauty, makes flow erets bloom even on the brow of the precipice, and, when nothing better can be had, can turn the very sub stance of the rock itself into moss and lichens. This faculty is incomparably the most important for the vivid and attractive exhibition of truth to the minds of men.—A. Fuller. Tnxod Hark Home. Expatriated Americans in iargg numbers, according to a New York newspaper, are returning with re kindled and renewed love to their na tive country, because of the recent de cision of the English courts, which shows that a domicile in Great Britain is suiticient to subject the dweller to heavier taxes than would be the caso on this side. God's work will not end in His glory unless It is begun in His grace. God can always grant us our desires when He has changed our hearts. Antiseptic preparations may easily be forced into wood by causing them to follow the lines taken by its sap; otherwise, it is exceedingly difficult to fully Impregnate the wood with them. LAKE STURGEON DYING OUT. Species Is Almost Kxtluct and Caviar It Scarce. The sturgeon family of flsli Is prac tically extinct so far as the lakes of North America are concerned, and makers of caviar are wondering wliat will till their cans In the future. Witli the passing away of the sturgeon comes the announcement that none but "cultivated" lobsters now exist. When tish merchants took Btock with the closing of the season for the Great Lakes they discovered that one of the former substitutes for whitefisb and trout during the months of No veuiber, when none of these varieties of the liuuy tribe Is allowed to be taken from the lakes, was missing. There Is no fresh sturgeon to he had. The public is already provided with a substitute for smoked sturgeon in the meat of the Mississippi Elver, cat fish. True, the flesh of the eatlisli is about as tenacious as rubber hose, but it looks good. Then many persons prefer the smoked halibut of the Pa cific Ocean. The history of the discovery, in troduction into the market and ex tinction of sturgeon in American lakes dates back twenty-five years. Then the sturgeon was first placed on the market, though few persons ate them. The flesh was not considered very dainty. The big fish could be taken from Lake Erie by the wagou load and sold at a low price. In fact, the price was so low that few persons engaged in catching the fish. Then some one discovered that the fish was more salable when smoked. Thousands of the fish were smoked and palmed off on the credu lous public as smoked halibut, which was quite expensive. The increase in supply of halibut cut off the price of sturgeon to such an extent that the fishermen who had beeu dealing in sturgeon were threatened with bank ruptcy. It was about this time that caviar became very popular with Americans. Caviar is made from the roe, or eggs, of sturgeon, but it had been supposed until some fifteen years ago that the roe of the sturgeon from llussian seas was the only kind for cavier. Some one discovered that the roe of American sturgeon made quite as good caviar as did the llussian fish. That was the beginning of the end of the sturgeon tribe. The great fish were hauled la by the boat load, and ninety-five per cent, of those taken were females full of roe. Caviar be came cheaper and sturgeon became dearer. From a fraction of a cent a pound the fish advanced to twen ty-two cents a pound. Even at the price the Great Lakes failed to pro duce the coveted fish. Then recourse was had to the lakes of Manitoba, Canada. Now the sturgeon have been anni hilated almost entirely. As the sup ply of this family became scarcer some one started to substitute Mississippi Rlvfir catfish. When this rubbery lisb is dressed and smoked it looks exact ly like smoked sturgeon.—Chicago Chronicle. A Milk Dealer's Lament. The milk dealer, who also sells meat ami other necessaries of life, sighed as a customer went out indignant because the dealer insisted upon his having a receptacle for his Intended purchase of milk. "They come here," said the dealer, "and expect me to furnish them with milk, bottles and all. But I've gotten tired of that sort of game. Those bot tles cost us quite a sum, aud in nine cases out of ten where we let them go out we never see them again, notwith standing the promises of customers to return them. Then, of course, we have to buy more bottles. I was 'easy money' so long that the milk depart ment of the store was cutting into the profits. "What do they do with the bottles'/ Why, they use them to put up catsup and fruit. I got after one woman thai had been workhig me for bottles for some time and a search warrant showed thirty-five of my bottles on her preserves' shelves."—Detroit Free Press. Sunnlto'aud Shtlte Hair Growth. The Mahometan religion Is divided Into two principal sects, the Sunnitee nnd the Sliiites. The members of these sects can be readily discriminated by the fashion in which the hair grows on their arms, for while on those ol the Sunuites the growth turns down ward from shoulder to wrist oil the interior side aud upward from wrist to shoulder posteriorly, the hair on the Sliiite arms presents the contrary ap pearance on both sides of the arms, This singular divergence is produced by the manner of washing their arms as prescribed by the tenets of the sects respectively, for while Suunltes hold It orthodox to stroke their arms, after washing them, from shoulder to wrist on front and from wrist to shoulder 011 the hack, the Shiites abhor this prac tice aud stroke their arms In the oppo site ways, and lienee the two directions in which the hair Is seen to grow 011 the arms of the two sects.—The Lan cet. Front Door Mirrors. Recently in passing through pos sibly the prettiest village In the Cots wolds, I saw au excellent klea that might with advantage be introduced in London and elsewhere. Within the knocker on the front door—which, in this Instance, was about on a level with the face of the visitor—was placed a small convex mirror. Sup posing the visitor Is paying a call of either congratulation or condolence, how advantageous must it he to put the right expression on his counte nance—either festive or doleful—be fore he knocks at the door.—London Graphic. PEARLS OF THOUGHT. All sunshine makes the desert. — Arab proverb. To be suspicious Is to invite treach ery.—Voltaire. Mercy turns her back on the unmer ciful.—Quarles. Early and provident fear is the mother of safety.—Burke. The heart of the giver makes the gut dear and precious.—Luther. There is not a single moment In life that we can afford to lose —Goul- burn. Experience takes dreadfully high school wages, but he teaches like no other.—Carlyle. Tho men who are always fortunate eaanot easily have a great reverence for virtue. —Cicero. Most people judge others by the company they keep or by their for tune.—Rouehefoucauld. Dost thou love life? Then do not squander time, for that is the stuff life is made of. —Franklin. To love truth for truth's sake is the principal part of human perfection and the seed-plot of all other virtues. — John Locke. If you will be sure that the longing you feel for something better is not to end In disgrace when your call comes, you must now he gathering the ideas and aptitudes that will Insure the place; keep your whole life open and ready.—Robert Collyer. CHINA'S CREDIT. Citizen, of the Umpire Loatli to Itva'i to the Government. The Shen Pao laments the fact that the Chinese people are not as ready as people in the west to lend money to the government In China the rulers look upon the empire as a famny to be administered for their private ad vantage. In western lands the people are the kingdom and the rulers act ac cording to that principle. For example, if a wealthy land own er wishes to borrow money and ap plies to his children and servants they are all willing to help him according to their ability, for they know the land owner has property enough to make repayment sure. Now the em peror is the father and mother of his people. Why cannot he, on the same principles, borrow money from his own 'people? It must be because they do not trust him. All foreign countries have national debts, which they owe to their own people chiefly and only to other coun tries in a small degree. The govern ments have no difficulty iu floating loans, which are at once covered by their own people, who have such con fidence in their governments that they lend money freely. There Is mutual trust and love between upper and low er classes. Even if the time for re payment is hundreds of years off, they do not mind, for they know they will get their interest as long as tho king dom lasts. How different it is in China. The people will not lend their money to the state, and no promises will move them. The curious thing is that the bigger the national debt of these for eign countries the more prosperous is the country. Thus, Japan is an in stance in point. This is because the money was borrowed for the benefit of the people, that railways, etc., might be built Inasmuch as much money has been loaned to Japan by other states these are unwilling to Injure her by going to war with her. Now, Tur key is loaded with debt and seems an exception to tho rule above enumer ated. But she only proves the rule. Why is she so poor? Because she has borrowed money and wasted it. She did not use it to build public works, which ■would bring In vast profits. If China borrows for right uses a national debt need be no hindrance to ner prosperity; nay, it may be an indispensable help on the path of progress.—Translation In tlje Shanghai Mercury. A Wfnk Proposition. A wrinkled Italian jerked a monkey from his hind legs from the sidewalk to the top of his hand organ with a scowl. "Coma backa," he called. The monkey rapidly removed and re placed a jaunty cap with a feather thereon and blinked his beady eyes with rapidity. "Twenty centa to see tha monka clima de tree," said the Italian to the assembled children. "Clima way high." Straightway tho little ones began gathering in the money from parent and companion. Finally the sum was turned over to the wandering organist. "Jaclta getta de tree, vit!" He point ed to a tall limb and shook the cord. Jacko obeyed, scrambling up the tree trunk with meekness and dispatch. The Italian counted the coins he had received and dropped them into his pocket. "Jacka the monka great animal; he educate." He ground a discordant lay, whole passages of which were either fiat or missing. Tho children were watching the monkey when the Italian again ad dressed them. He pointed an unclean finger up at the animal and said; "Ten centa to see monka come down." He didn't get it.—Albany Journal. 1 Jttlic* Clioko 11 I'ivor. A report from Watervliet, Mich., says that thousands of perch have been driven up the Pawpaw river, which empties from Pawpaw lake, by tho recent storms, until the millraee at Watervliet, liau a' mile up the stream, is a mass of dead fish. The fish were so closely packed together on the sur face of the water that it was impossi ble for a rowboai. to pass. Men are uipping up tue fish in buckets and using them for fertilizer.—Chicago Tri bune. HAWAIIANS CHEER FLAG. Oddly Mixed School Children Greet Starry Banner With Song. Seldom has Honolulu seen such a patriotic demonstration as that which took place at the Kaahumanu school where the Stars and Stripes were rais ed aloft to the peak of the new flag staff by grizzled and war-worn mem bers of the Grand Army to the inspir ing notes from the bugles of artillery men from the United States garrison at Camp McKinley. Five hundred and sixty pupils were grouped at the foot of the pole, and as the emblem slowly rose 650 small flags were wav ed enthusiastically and from the throats of children arose the swelling refrain of "America, My Country, 'Tis of Thee." It was a strange, hetrogen eous gathering of boys and girls. File after file of young Hawaiians marched in the shadow of Old Glory, and inter mingled with them were scores upon scores of Chinese and Japanese, Port uguese and South Sea Islanders, with here and there a small sprinkling of Anglo-Saxon faces. Despite the mix ture of nationalities which were gath ered to do honor to the flag, all seem ed intent upon the spirit of the oc casion and indicated their patriotism La many youthful ways. Among 1,328 students at the Swiss universities last semester there were 717 foreigners, and of these 490 were women. Rev. Marguerite St. Omer Briggs, 35 Mount Calm Street, Detroit, Michigan, Lecturer for the W. C. T. U., recommends Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound. "DEAR MRS. PINKIIAM : My professional work has for the past twenty years brought me into hundreds of homes of sickness, and I have had plenty of opportunity to witness the sufferings of wives and mothers who from want, ignorance or carelessness, are slowly but surely being dragged to death, principally with female weakness and irregularities of the sex. I believe you will bo pleased to know that Eydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound has cured more women than any other agency that has come under my notice. ♦ Hundreds of women owe their life and health to you to-day, and, there fore, I can conscientiously advise sick women to try it."— MARGUERITE ST. OMER BRIGGS. SSeOO FORFEIT IF THE ABOVE BETTER IS NOT GENUINE. When women are troubled with irregular or painful menstruation, weakness, lcucorrhcea, displacement or ulceration of the womb, that bear ing-down. feeling, inflammation of the ovaries, backache, flatulence, general debility, indigestion, artd nervous prostration, they should remember fhero is one tried and true remedy. Uydla E. Pihkhain's Vegetable Compound at once removes such troubles. No other medicine in the world has received such widespread and unqualified endorsement. No other medicine has such a record of cures of female troubles. Refuse to buy any other medicine. Mrs. Pinkham Invites all sick women to write licr for advice. She has guided thousands to health. Address, Lyuu, Mass. Iwir Delghtor. the ciiniug f.lt for xd. ll will .urelj psy'jou. S*ilza*>rj nflarvoi VUiicai —42 bus. pee Hero nl <k " (leV#r}r ,te '° lh * a ' KO hovstlie celebrated klaao*- id** 4 "^ ,al Ca ' th ' ' rolß t0 ' 1 m t jj | Russia's yield of Petroleum is GB,-1 000,000 barrels a year, and that of the United States 58,000,000 barrels. Successfully Pu tes <2l aims. \ Strata 15oUJa(lioatiiiiroluims,utt.Taluca ! DROP9Yro&SHSS&3 I CIIBH- BOOH of teatiinonialii mid 10 days' treatment £frc. Sr. H. H. GKJiLN'SBOWd. Box B. Atlanta, U. (■old Morla! Nt Itiifl'nln Exposition. McILtiENNY'S TABASCO PIIIU, 'O2 ® I !HJl ™ts , H M Best Counh Syrup. Tastes Good. Uso v In tlroo. Sold by druggints. afl E | |i ALL goods are alike to PTJTICAM FADEEKS# DYES, as thoy color all libers at one boiling. Bold by all druggists. The average annual amount of coal mined in England frozn ISol to 1900 is 130, 000,000 tons. How's Tills ? We offer Ono Hundred Dollars Reward for any case of Catarrh that cannot bo cured by Hull's Catarrh Cure. F. J. CHENEY A Co., Props., Toledo, O. We, the undersigned, have known F. /.Che ney for the last 15 years, and believe him per fectly honorable in all business transactions and financially able to carry out any obliga tion made by their firm. WEST & TBUAX, Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, Ohio. WALDINO, EINNAN&MARYIN, WhoIesaIe Drug gists, Toledo, Ohio. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internally, act ing directly upon the blood and mucous sur faces of the system. Price, 75c. per bottle. Bold by all Druggists. Testimonials free. Hall's Family Pills aro tho best. The population of the German empire includes 3,000,000 who use the Polish lan guage. liest For the Doircls. No matter what oils you, headache to a cancer, you will never get well until your bowels nre put right. CASCARETS help nature, euro you without a gripe or pain, produce easy natural movements, cost you just 10 cents to start getting your health back. CAS CARETS Candy Cathartic, the genuine, put up in metal boxes, every tablet has C. C. C. stamped on it. Ecwaxfe of imitations. South Australia is importing $700,* 000 a year in value of fertilizer. In this trade the United States has no share. | Capsicum Vaseline Put up In Collapsible Tubes. I A Substitute for and Superior to Mustanl or any j other plaster, and will not blister tho .most delica:* i skin. The pain allaying and curative qualities of I this arti le are wonderful. It will stop the ti othachs j at once, and relievo headache and sciatica, j We recommend it as tho best and safest external counter-irritant known, also as nn ox torn al remedy for pains in the chest and stomach audull rheumatic, neuralgic and gouty o unjdainta. A trial will prove what we claim for it, and it will bo found to be invaluable In tho household. Many people say "It is the best of all your preparations." Price, ldconts, at all druggists, or other deal us, or by Bending this amount to us In postage stamps we will send you n tube by mail. Mo article should be accepted by tho public unless the same carries oar label, as otherwise it is not genuine. CIIEESEBROUGH MANUFACTURING CO., 17 Btite Street, New York City. 3
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers