RAKNESSING A IUSHER. IT'S A CREAT FEAT TO SUBJJCATE AN OIL WELL The Mighty Stream That Hushed Forth When ttie LUCK, Gusher at Beaumont Wan Struck skill, During ami Great Endurance inquired When Capping. Everybody who reads the daily pa pers knows that a big hole was sunk in the ground near Beaumont, that a mighty stream of oil rushed forth and that the Lucas gusher was created. Everybody knows that after several days had elapsed the well was "capped," and the further waste of oil was prevented. But everybody does not know what a great feat of engi- I Leering skill, daring and endurance the process of "cupping" was nor what an effort it took to control and bring into subjection that mighty belching of nature, a On Jan. 9 the well had reached a " depth of 1160 feet, and there were four metal tubes in the hole. The first cas ing, a pipe 10 inches in diameter, reached a part of the way. Inside of that there was an eight-inch pipe ex tending still farther down, and within that there was a six-inch pipe reach ing almost 1000 feet down. All of these pipes extended above the surface of tb.e ground. Below the end of the six- Incb pipe was a rock formation, through which the contractors had been drilling for several days. The drill was driven by a four-inch pipe extending through the others. The four-inch pipe was merely used as a tool and was not intended for casing. On the evening of Jan. 9 the four- Inch pipe was drawn out In order that a new drill might be substituted for the one which had become worn. The pipe was left out overnight. The next day a new bit was affixed to it and the men began lowering it. It had got )■ down about 700 feet when the oil gushed out of the rock, forcing the four-inch pipe out, hurling it 300 feet aloft, carrying away the tackles, hy draulic pump connections, etc. The oil deposit was not drilled into. The commotion in the bowels of the earth broke through the rock 17 hours after the drill made its last turn, and the oil gushed forth and shot heavenward with terrific force, a belching, ungov crned monster. To cap and curb and control this great pillar of force, the upward pres , sure of which it was afterward deter mined was 105 pounds to the square inch. The men had to work under the torrent of greasy, dirty oil as it de scended to the earth. In order to do this they wore goggles to protect the eyes and gauze shields to protect the nose, all the apertures around them being closed with plaster. Speech and hearing were impossible, and the work was directed by a code of signals pre viously agreed upon. A plan was devised for putting a l whole valve in place. A frame was * constructed of railroad iron as a slide to carry the valve. Two bars were laid horizontally across the derrick frame, passing on either side of the stream of oil. These bars were In tended to support and hold the valve in place from the sides. Above these were two other bars, engaging the top of the valve and intended to keep it from being thrown upward when it should come in contact with the stream. Just beyond the stream bolts were fastened in the bars so as to stop the . valve over the stream and at the prop er place. The bars were securely an chored so as to withstand the strain to be put upon them. Into this frame or side the valve was put. A block and tackle was rigged up and con nected with the valve, and when ev erything was in readiness a team of horses was driven forward at a rapid speed. The valve was, of course, open at both ends so as to permit the stream to pass through it when it should come directly over the pipe. But it was known that a tremendous pressure would he exerted upon the half of the valve passing through the stream before the valve would reach its place and surround the flow. As the horses moved forward and the valve came In contact with the stream there was a fearful strain, a tilting movement and a terrific spattering of oil. It was an anxious and critical moment for the men who were trying to harness this force of nature, but the crisis was safely passed. The valve reached the stop bolts and set tled into place directly over the end of the pipe and perfectly iuclosing the stream. The oil again flowed unim peded toward the sky, but with the circle of iron around it. One step in the closing of the well had been safely accomplished, but the valve hung in its frame 12 inches i above the top of the pipe. Anchors were made, and the valve was pulled down to the top of the eight inch pipe and screwed on. Fortunately there were good threads on this pipe. The six-inch pipe was what is known as a blind pipe and was not threaded. It next became necessary to put down anchors sufficiently strong to hold the pipe in place after the clos ing of the valve should bring the pres sure of the stream against it. As the oil was still rushing upward through the orifice at the top of the valve and falling on the ground around the well the men could not work at digging the necessary holes, and furthermore the saturation of the ground made it soft. It therefore became necessary to divert the stream. An orifice on the side of the valve was opened. Then the orifice at the top was gradually closed, and the stream shot out horizontally some 300 feet. Then the holes were dug, the anchors put In and screwed down i upon the top of the valve. I The oil was returned to the upward flow in order that a T might be reached at the side of the valve. When this had been accomplished the side orifice was again opened and the stream turned in a horizontal posi tion. Now the moment had arrived to shut oil the stream altogether, and every pound of pressure exterted by the hidden force deep down In the ground must be borne by the valve and by the anchors chaining it. A pressure gauge was fitted into the valve. Then the gate of the side ori fice was gradually closed. Gradually the pressure rose in the gauge. Pos sibly something might be wrong with the gauge. The stream was turned on again, and a new gauge was substi tuted. Gradually the pressure rose in this gauge as the stream was shut off. Again it stopped at 105 pounds, and not a drop of oil trickled from the pipe. The anchors held firm; the great pillar of oil was stopped; the commotion in the earth no longer was manifested on the surface; the great roar was hushed and silence again reigned. In 10 days and 10 minutes from the time the oil burst from its rocky bed the I.ucas gusher had been closed. The six men who had done the work shouted for joy, and Mr. Lucas threw his hat in a pond of oil. The work of closing the well oc cupied two days, the beginning having been delayed several days to secufie material. After the well had been closed Mr. Lucas built a large iron casing around the pipe above the earth and filled it with sand to protect the well from fire. Last week the valve was uncov ered and opened a little. Mr. Lucas says the pressure continues the same, and they now have the oil confined in natural reservoirs from which they can draw a gill or a million gallons at will. —St. Louis Post-Dispatc.il. QUAINT AND CURIOUS. Buffalo, N. Y„ has au automatic clock ill one of the public schools which announces *by a ringing of a bell the closing hour of each recita tion. It is said to be the only time piece of its kind in the world adapted to such work. A party of 10 California automobil ists recently indulged in a wildcat hunt. They followed the hounds as closely as possible, the country being favorable to the operation of the vehi cles, and had the satisfaction of bag ging a dozen of the felines. Some years ago there was a remark able migration of crabs at the mouth of the St. James river. They moved slowly along to the north, and not oniv covered the bottom, but countless numbers swam in midwater. Not a foot of the sandy b.ottom was free of crabs, so that it was impossible to put an oar down without striking one or more. For several days this move ment continued. Goust is the smallest republic as to area, but Tavolara is the smallest re public as to population. Goust is only one mile in area. It is located on the flat top of a mountain in the Pyrenees, between France and Spain, and is rec ognized by both these countries. It is governed by a president and a council cf 12. It was established in 164S and his 130 inhabitants. The president is tax collector, assessor and judge. Devotees of golf are fond of refer ring to it as "the ancient and royal game." It is probably more royal and certainly far more ancient than most of them have any idea of. At all events a pictured tablet was recently unearthed at Carchemish, the old cap ital of the Hittites, whereon are de picted men and women engaged in a pastime, which, if not exactly golf as played at present, is something ex traordinarily like it How to stop the Indians of the South Dakota reservation from eating each other's food is an amusing but per plexing problem with which the In dian bureau is now dealing. It is an unwritten law of Indian hospitality that a guest may stay as long as he likes, and that as long as the guest re mains the host must provide the food. It has become the custom among the Sioux, who have a feast with their two-week ration as soon as they re ceive it from the government, to go to the more provident Indians and live on them until all their food was gone. Til© Gun-making Industry. As an illustration of the magnitude of the business involved in the pur chase by the smaller powers of war material in Europe, one has only to look at the number of men employed at such great plants as the Krupp of Germany, the Creusot in France, and those of the Armstrongs and Yickers Sons & Maxim of England. Krupp employs something like 25,000 men; the two Euglish firms employ collec tively about 35,000 men; and the Creu sot plant about 19,000. No reckoning is here made of the famous Loewe works of Berlin, or of Italian, Belgian and numerous French firms. With the exception of Krupp, the above estab lishments ordinarily confine them selves to filling foreign orders. —Har- per's Weekly. Well-Brail PtlDnmcK of Simn. A somewhat curious school has been opened at Bangkok by an Eng lish lady. The pupils are 15 in num ber, and they are all princesses of the royal family in Siam. They are taught to do everything that a good housekeeper should do. They cook, wash clothes, bake, sweep the rooms, lay the table, arrange the flowers, and in short, learn to make themselves generally useful. They leave the school to be married at the age of 15, and it is said that a Siamese princess now makes an admirable wife.—Lon don Glob®. Gray? I "My hair was falling out and n turning gray very fast. But your 9 Hair Vigor stopped the falling and fl restored the natural eoior."—Mrs. B E. Z. Benomme, Cohoes, Ni Y. B It's impossible for you I not to look old, with the color of seventy years in your hair 1 Perhaps you are seventy, and you like your gray hair! If not, use Ayer's Hair Vigor. In less than a month your gray hair will have all the dark, rich color of youth. SI.OO a bottle. All druggists. { If your druggist cannot sunply you, sond UB ono dollar and wo will express you a bottlo. He sure and# Ive the u&mo of your nearest exnresl office. Address, J. C. AYI2R CO., Lowell, Mass. Treasures ola Countess. One of tile most noted -women of Europe was the Countess De Castlg- Hone, who died In Paris last year. An Inventory of the valuables left by her has recently been made. She has five apartments, ono In Uie Rue Cambon, two at Batlgnulles and two 1n the Itue Castlglloue, for which he paid s3,tioii rent. All these apartments were pack ed with treasures of every kind. In the Rue Castiglione there were found more than 50 chased silver and gold mounted fans. These were carried by the countess at the fetes at the Tuler les. One clicst was packed full of laoo, another wjis full of furs. In one of the trunks there was a pawn ticket for Jewels on which $3f1,000 had been lent. One of these was Ml' l famous pearl necklace wont by the deceased, which was valued at $50,000. One chest was full of silver plate, and In another was a ntnsslve silver tea service. In the wardrobes and commodes there were silk, satin ond velvet dresses in largo numbers, and heaps of the finest. French cambric; also of ribbons, Chan tilly laeo, etc. In ono basket were 25 groups of old Dresden china, wrapped up In cambric and other linen. In two trunks there was an incredible number of Louis XV sunshades, with Ivory and gold handles and enriched with precious stones. The lidlr of the Oom tesso De CnsrtlgTione Is Maria Trlbonc of Genoa. He Is going to Paris for the sale of her property, which will take place at the Hotel Drouot shortly. An Ex|cnsive Timepiece. The most expensive clock now In ex istence Is one owned by the Rothschild family. It dates from the time of Louis XVI., and cost SIOS,CRM), There are many other valuable dlocks, some of them very old and exhibiting seem ingly Inexplicable features. One of these has on tap a liasin, marked like a dial and filled with water, on which floats a miniature swan of iron. The bill of this swan Indicates the hour as correctly as does tlio second liaud of an ordinary clock. As the swan floats freely In the basin and the basin rests loosely on the pedestal, the clock great ly puzzles the uninitiated. \'et the ex planation is simple. The liasln rests on a thin copper plate; underneath tills plate the clockwork rotates a magnet Instead of an hour hand, ami this mag net attracts and holds in proper posi tion the bill of the Iron swan. A sprlugless clock is operated by balls falling on the right side of an overshot wheel and by their weight rotating the hands. Whenever a ball reaches the lowermost position it drops through an aperature in the box at the bottom and at the same time an other ball drops from the box on top of the wheel. Prom time to time the balls In the lower drawer have to be removed by hand to the upper recep tacle. We refund 10c. for every packego of Prrr- SAM FADELESS DYE that fails to give satisfac tion. Monroe Drug Co., Unionville, Mo. There are now 1434 Gcrmnn naval offi cers on active service and 539 on leave of absence. All people who throw bouquets at them selves are not contortionists. Arc Vou Using Allen's Foot-llnsc ? It is the only cure for Swollen. Smarting, Tired, Aching. Hot, Sweating Feet, Corns and Bunions. Ask for Allen's Foot-Eare, a powder to b° shaken into the shoes. Cures while you walk. At all Druggists and Shoe Storea, 25r. Sample sent FKEE. Address, Allen S, Olmsted, Leßoy, X. Y. The "foreign" population of Yokohoma, Japan, averages 2000, of which 800 arc English. Frey's Vermlfngc, 25 Cl®. Eradicates worms. Children made well and mothers happy Druggists and country store.- Last year the gold production of Aus tralia amounted to 800,000,000. FITS permanently cured. N® fits or nervous ness after drat day's use of Dr. Kline's Great Nerve Restorer. 82 trial bottle and treatise free Dr. R. H. KLINE, Ltd., 931 Arch St., Phlla.. Fa. The young fellow with his first mus tache feels down in the mouth. E. B.Walthall A Oe., Druggists, Horse Cave, Ky.. say: "Hall's Catarrh t'uro cures every one that takes it." Sold by Druggistß, 75c. Australia has 6100 churches. 210 for every 10,000 of her population. Mrs. Window's Soothing Syrup forchildren teething, soften the gums, reduces inflamma tion, allays pain, euros wind colic. 25c a bottle. Family jars are not all to be found in the pantry Piso's Cure is the best medicine we ever used for all affections of throat and lungs.—Wu. O. EXDSLEV, Vanbureu. Ind., Feb. 10,1900. Lots of people kill themselves trying to bo popular. Always keep Garfield Headaeha Powders en hand; they cure headaches, clear the head of fullness, relieve nervousness and mental strain, and mako one feel well. They are harmless and do not dcrango the system. The cotton States have 450,000,000 acres fit to grow cotton, and cotton grows on only 25,000,000 acres. Giants' Kettles In Minnesota. In tlie Inter-State Park, near Tay lors Falls. Minnesota, has been discov ered a singular group of "giant's ket tles," or potholes, covering an area of tivo or thTee acres and ranging In dia meter from less than n foot to 25 feet. They have been bored in exceedingly hard rock, and in many cases they are like wells In shape, the ratio of width to depth varying from one to five up to seven. Mr. Warren Uphain ascribes their origin to torrents fulling through glacial 'moullns" at the time when the northern territory of the United States was buried under ice. As with shnilar potholes elsewhere, rounded boulders are occasionally found at the bottom of the cavities. Cassava and Sugar Cane. Farmers in Florida, in the low coun try of South Carolina and in the south ern part of Georgia aro experimenting with fond expectation in tlio cultiva tion of cassava and sugar cane, in the hope ot developing two ideal money crops. Their interest has been excit ed by the success of an experimental cassava starch factory In Doland, Fin., which in three years lias marketed 2,- 4Qp tons of starch, and by expert re ports on the high qnality and yield of sugar made from cane grown in Flori da and Georgia. A LUXURY WITHIN THE REACH OF ALL! I - "THE VILLAGE GROCER." In our V "h" a r sprea^ inf? chcstn,lt treo jVjfl |i I -- That weigh out goods from morn tHI night, mentS we . \j{]| K j | And also coffee brands. positively , I His goods are varied in their price the use of fjk l|' ® Eggs, jfi i'"gj ! "ffif/i'L '%fuz fiv-j And his onc S rcat ambition is Egg Mixtures. fl Jfcir jf WM J-ITTII To LION COFFEE scIL Glue Itl Bw / 1 Week in, week out, front morn till night. Chemicals, ! ' ! J "T" V' - 1 /* About his coffc , always ight, Or similar *"l\ ! I : ffi^lSiar.' Pl,e LION brand, you know; 1 , rf%r Tri 1 1 l iff'] \ Because it's pure and honest goods substances. LION 'j I | FrrHf Not only is it pure and good, /TAPPPP ^ —'—L—V l II But also very cheap. rLL Because 'tis best for household use, , - u , . . . . *, LION COFFEE thus his faith absolutely Watch our next advertisoment, J§ bo!h fiinocre and deep Pure Coffee. Just try a package of LION COFFEE Buying-rejoicing-wondcring, and you will understand the reason of its His customers nttest That LION COFFEE is, by far, popularity. In quality thc best> LION COFFEE is now used in mil- And thc premiums also are admired lions of homes. And always in re<,u ~"' In every package of LION COFFEE you will find a fully illustrated and descriptive list. No housekeeper, in fact, no woman, man, boy or girl will fail to find in the list some article which will contribute to their happiness, comfort and convenience, and which they may have by simply cutting out a certain number of Lion Heads from the wrappers of our one pound sealed packages (which is the only form in which this excellent coffee is sold). WOOLSON SPICE CO.. TOLEDO, OHIO. PNo matter how pleasant your surroundings, health, good health, is the foundation for en joyment. Bowel trouble causes more aches and pains than all other diseases together, and when you get a good dose of bilious bile coursing through the blood life's a hell on earth. Millions of people are doctoring for chronic ailments that started with bad bowels, and they will never get better till the bowels arc right. You know how it is—you neglect—get irregular—first suffer with a slight headache—bad taste in the mouth mornings, and general "all gene" feeling during the day—keep on going from bad to worse untill the suffering becomes awful, life loses Its charms, and there is many a one that has been driven to suk:4al relief. Educate your bowels with CASCARETS. Dcn't neglect the slightest irregularity. Sec that you have onc natural, easy movement each day. CASCA RETS tone thc bowels—make thsni strong — _ and after you have used them once you will wonder why it is that you have ever been v/ithcut them. You will find all your otter disorders commence to get better at once, and soon you will be well by taking— THE TON!C ?l LLL SOLD IN BULK.' PI IDC rL^SWh.-gSS^o2r , PIMDAMTCXn llHila 0,1 thc stomach, bloated bowels, foul !>: Isl°tlMll (Pi IB •" ld - Now It 1. . . mouth,headache,lndigestion,pimple, UUflllllll 8 LLU "" ,! J P ,™l ££!Tdli C n/.? lr °K b ' f-nowrompJMlUm .imllar medicine In the world. *Ws Is nh.ul.ite proof of and dizziness. W hen your bowels don't move rugU- great merit, and nnrbnt toil Iraonlnl. IV e have filth and Ir.rly yon are getting alck. Constipation kills more will .ell CAfICIB ETA absolutely cretrouteed to earn or people than all other diseases together. It Is a money refnaded. Go buy today, two GOe boxes, giro tiicm a starter for the chronic ailments and long years of ""/i "•" trial, a. .lamlc direction., ~,l If you .r. suff>rlng that come afterwards. No matter what EJtVIfi'S.'A.SSfJ tlftZV.ihl*aVii aI.IIS.VIt'riS? "■ ■ *°" k . l . n,t t'ASf AKFTS to-dey. for you Wbom ro^ol™Ko..,, f., a",l J?, y.or ™o"L bLX&r bit™ Will never get well and be well all tho time until boxes. Takour advice—no matter what alls rou-itart to you put your bowels right. Take our advice*, start duy. Health will quickly follow nod you will bleas tho day with CAsCARETS to-day, under an absolute guar- T ou first started the use orfASCARKTI. Hook free by mall, autco to cure or money refunded. * AJJrosi STEULINU BEUEDT CO., KEIF YOHk or (IllUbO. Country Cousins Do Mot Figure. Tnrks have no family names. For example: A man named Mohammed ■ has a son named Ahmed tind a daugh ter named Sophia. The son will al ways be known merely as Ahmed and I the daughter always merely as Sophia, (a the latter case even after marriage. The result Is that members of families after one or two generations become lost to each other. In fact, the "sis ters and the cousins and the aunts" business is not much exploited in Tur key. One may be talking to two brothers or two sisters without the fact being made known. There being no family ties—no aristocracy. The Grand Vizier of to-day may have been a cainel driver or a servant. Ilis rise is not due to any family influence or connection. Rccen census statistics in Italy shows that the proportion of popula tion not able to read or write lias de creased to 3D per cent In 1831 it was 55 per cent. For tho cure ot headaches there is absolute ly nothing better than the Garfield Headacho Powders; these havo been successfully pre scribed for many years by a prominent'physi cian; they are effective and harmless. London's new water reservoirs rear Staines will cover eleven square miles. One alone will be us big as Hyde Park. | Since the Louisana and Texas farm ers learned to raise rice by irrigation they have Invested $.\000,000 in 1.500 j miles of canals, callable of flooding j 300.0W) acres, and spent $1,700,000 in | building 30 modern rice miles. Under the new system the rice lands pay a net prolit of sls an acre. The German army Includes mora than ten thousand musicians. aßromonia Headache J I n or oth*r<we*. ■ i mediUm 6 MIIoS'rONIA l i.r 8 BSeynioOT Bid*., Mh Atp. and 42U St.,,N. DROPSY?^Iff^ cio. BUJU Of testimonial# ml lO luya' treatmeul Free. Dr. H. H. QUEEN 8 BONA. Box B. AtKirta, 0^ "The f*tnpc that mmle West I*olnl finnans.** McILHENN Y'S TABASCO: r. N. U. 20. 1901.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers