CATTLE VERSUS SREEP. THE CAUSE OF A BITTER FEUD IN THE WEST. War of (he Herders—Persecution of tlie hlieepmnn Joined by the Government —A Flock of Sheep About as Devas tating as a Prairie Fire. Captain .Tames 11. McCllntock writes as follows in Alnslee's Magazine: "The perennial fight between West ern cattlemen and sheepmen is a study for both the psychologist and the econ omist. At first glance, the Interests of these great divisions of the live stock industry would appear to be in com mon. llut, in truth, this can never be. Cattle and sheep can no more occupy a rang in common than oil and water can lloat coherently. The cowpuncher hates the shepherd with a hatred that is deep and ofttimes picturesque, and the herder beglrts himself with artil lery and sullenly stands on the defen sive. "The trouble between the cattle and sheep industries mainly proceeds from the natural differences between the two classes of live stock. Cattle are home-seeking In their habits. They ar<? as hard to lose as a house cat, un less, perchance, the cheerful and un rcckoning rustler happens along. A range cow naturally will make her 'run' where she was born. Her owner and his cowboys expect to find her within easily defined limits, usually along some cc-taiu cattle trail that starts at a watering place and lends back to higher ground. In ordinary weather, if water be easy of access, about all the cattle will be found some time during the day along the creeks, in the shade or luxuriantly hock deep In the mud. The night is spent back on the feeding ground. Drive tin cow away, even a hundred miles, and back she will drift, though her return be to a feeding ground by far the worse. Back home she will come, though it be to starve and die. "Sheep, on the contrary, are neces sarily nomadic. They are gregarious, 'bunching' by instinct. One man with ills dog can care for even 4000, though only half that number is usually al lotted. A flock of sheep Is about as devastating as a prairie fire. Where it has passed the grass is gone, even to the roots, the sage brush is defo liated, and the track so reeks with the sheep's peculiar odor that cattle nnd horses avoid the ground for weeks af terward. And the herds in their ceaseless journeying never follow one another. To use a pat military ex pression, they come 'on echelon,' in a path parallel to and abutting one edge of the strip devastated by the preced ing wool.v army. Thus, if one flock cat out a half mile strip, ten flocks will leave a barren area five miles wide. The better the feed the slower the rate of travel. The flock moves 011 when the grass is consumed. No dia gram is needed to show the effect of such a raid on a cattle range. The rage of the cattlemen is not hard to imagine. "A quarter of a century ago, when tlio Wild West was virgin laud and pasture, there was plenty of room for both cattle and sheep. But as the country has filled up and as the area of untenanted or unclaimed land has shrunk, the two branches of live stock have been driven in upou each other more and more, until they are now In contention for possession of the same field. Little by little the herders uud punchers have been forced from the plain's up into the mount ains. Western Kansas, Nebraska and the Dakotas, the western portion of Oregon and Washington, and all of California, which were once free ranges, have become less and less available. Even Colorado and Utah and a portion of Wyoming, because of the advance of farmers and miners, afford a constantly shrinking pastur age. Both sheepmen and cattlemen have been obliged to seek the high and untenable lands In the mountains, where the forests and the watersheds are the only sections that afford suf ficient feed. "The struggle between them, there fore, is waged chiefly In what is known as the plateau region of the continent. From lower New Mexico and Arizona and Western Texas northward to the American boundary, and from the Eastern Montana line westward to the summit of the Cas cade Mountains, the sheepmen and the cattlemen are fighting for the control •of the remaining ranges. The sheep go into the verdant meadows of the forests, and the cattlemen seek to ex pel them. The cattlemen occupy some section where the grasses are succu lent and the water plentiful, only to find the sheep working into the same district, cropping the grass to its roots, and tainting the air with the smell which the cattle cannot endure. The closer settlement crowds in upon the formerly unsettled lands the more bitter becomes the antagonism. Fre quently it breaks out into brief shoot ing matches, in which the cattlemen generally prove themselves the more •expert. More often it culminates in strained sentiments and press reports of 'trouble threatened between cow boys ana sheep herders.' 'Again it breeds feuds which are fully as swift and decisive as those of Kentucky. "The question Is often asked: What will be the outcome of this seemingly ceaseless strife between the cattlemen and the sheepmen? The Eastern man believes sheep rearing will eventually be given over to the farmers, leaving the cattle to roam the unlocated pub lic uomain. That idea does not prevail in the plateau regions of the West. Where there are sheep the cattle must depart. Sheep may exist in propon quity witn cattle, but the reverse is not possib.e. As before told, cattle are stationary, while sheep are necessarily •nomadic. When feed is short the sheepman moves his flocks to grass. ! The cattle owner, with his wild and scattered property, may not do this. ! He thrives or he 'goes broke' in a sin- ] gle locality. The cattleman is handl* j capped at every point of the struggle. | His crop matures more slowly. To secure the best results he mnst wait three or four years till his product is ripened by age. In not over one year ! out of four will cattle accumulate any respectable amount of fat on the West- j era ranges. The price of the product j depends much on the condition of the corn market, for range beef rarely if ever goes to the block direct. A sin- ! gle dry season means no fat or growth | for cattle, at. t means also 110 increase for the succeeding year. The tales of j cattle barons and of enormous profits j in the cattle business belong to the I early days, when the plains were cov- I ered with lcnee-deep grass, with water ! in every gully. At present there Is ' more' money in the fattening of steers | than there is in the rearing of them on the range. Under favorable condi- ! tions there is money in the cattle busl- j ness, but favorable conditions are rarely present. The plateau region is ! now in its fourth successive year of drought. Thus it comes that the cat tleman is no longer so determined to defend the heath he very reasonably holds his own. "The sheep owner, to begin with, Is at considerable expense, for he has to maintain a man with every 2000 head of Ills woollrs. Hut he shears once or twice a year, and at the present prices for wool, an average half-bred Merino will bring him annually from that source alone .$1.20. The increase of Ills flocks is fully forty per cent, per annum. He need not wait several years, like his enemy, the cattleman, for entrance to market. His wethers at the present rates bring him $3.50 lean, and $5 when in good condition, but spring lambs, four months old, are rated in the Eastern markets at even a greater price per head than is paid for matured muttons. It Is a business of quick returns and ample prolits. Were the value of the wool almost to be destroyed, the sheepman would still be on an equality with the cattle baron. The tendency is emphat ically toward the rearing of cattle in compounds, such as are found on the great Maxwell grant of Northern New Mexico, while the Southwestern ranges are being given over to the sheep. A few thousand head are annually fat tened for exceptionally choice mutton on the alfalfa pastures of Arizona and Southern Central California, but the owners prefer the lush spring grasses of the plains. The result is the same and the cost is far less. "It cannot be denied that the life of the sheep owner is far from a happy one. He Is persecuted on every side, and even the United States Govern ment takes a hand in the persecution. The main trouble is with the Forestry Division of the Interior Department. It is generally conceded that sheep have an injurious effect on the West ern water supply. Of course rain falls upon the sheep as upon the just and unjust—but tlie forestry expert gener ally insists, (a) That sheep eat out all underbrush and even young trees, de stroying the natural checks to too rapid evaporation, the conservators of the snowfall, and even threatening the future of the forests, deprived of their young growtn; (b) that sheep pack the soil and clear away the grasses, thereby creating conditions that deprive the soil of porosity and render the run-off too rapid for the public weal; (c) that sheep herders, with their camp fires, are a perpetual menace to the forests and are a prolific cause of destructive fires. Sheep own ers deny these allegations specifically and entirely, yet the ideas nre adhered to by the men who lead scientific thought in this direction. Even now a commission of eminent scientific ex perts Is poking around in the mount ains of Colorado, New Mexico and Arizona. The sheepmen's associa tions are welcoming them with effu sion, and have contributed liberally toward their proper entertainment and education." A Ilemtu-lciiblo lforsc. William W. Evans, of Deal's Islnnd, Delaware, has a horse which has proved a remarkable investment and has overriden the ideas and records of the average useful life of horses. Twenty-seven years ago Mr. Evans purchased the horse from Scott Cov ington, who guaranteed at that time that the animal was six years old. Mr. Evans proved to be a good master, and the horse returned the kind treat ment by retaining its full activity and energy, and now, at thirty-three years, tlie horse works nearly every day, see and hears well, and has an excellent appetite. Preliminary lewons For Heroes. Somebody ought to give instructions to the hero material in Chicago con cerning the thing needful to do in stopping a runaway automobile. Which lever do you press? Where are the brakes? Plenty of men nre willing and able fo vault to the driver's seat, only, if they do not know what to do when they get there, what is the use ?—Chicago News. The Wliole Art of l>roft?. Comtesse de Montalgn makes n novel suggestion In the Lady's Realm: "In our colleges we have chairs of philos ophy, psychology, painting and music; why not one also dedicated to correct costuming, where young women may, along with other accomplishments, ac quire the art of dressing well"*" Edible Seaweed, Dulse Is an eatable seaweed. It has flat, palm-shaped leaves. Ten years ago New South Wales and Victoria were about equal in popula tion hut the former is uow consider ably ahead of its sister colony. CIVILIZING ALASKA. Wliat Otir linrean of Kduratlon Is Do* l?i|f For flio Natives. | Dr. W. T. Harris writes as follows I In Ainslee's Magazine: "In Alaska tlio I entire work of education is under the | direction of the United States Bureau ! of Education. | "Alaska is n big rock, covering 400.- i 000 square miles, that is covered with I moss in the most barren places, ft is I the kind of inoss that the reindeer eat. The human being can live on moss, also, but it is l>ettor to have the rein deer oat the moss and provide mail with meat and milk. "In the work of education in Alaska the object has been to prepare the na tives to take up the industries and modes of life of the States, and to in duce them to discontinue their ancient tribal customs. It had been obvious from the beginning of the Govern ment subsidies in ISBS-80 that there should be not only education in the elementary English branches, but also a training in the employments of civilized life. From the first at all the missions established by different religious denominations there was in struction in cooking, housekeeping and clothes-making. Then followed more careful education in the trades of car pentering, blacksmlthlng and shoe making. under the direction of the Bu reau of Education, which subsidized for this purpose the Presbyterian In dustrial School at Sitka. It was be lieved that if the natives of Alaska could be taught to use the English language, be brought under Christian influence by the missionaries and be trained in suitable forms of industry, the increasing white population of Alaska, composed of Immigrants from the States, would be able to employ them in mining, transportation and the production of food. It was found, however, that in order to reach the thousands of primitive Inhabitants of Alaska, something entirely out of the ordinary in educational methods must serve as a beginning. The idea of in troducing herds of reindeer and of persuading the natives to care for them was first considered in 1801. This plan was suggested by Dr. Shel don .Tackson and Captain Healy, of the United States revenue cutter Bear. Forty thousand natives engaged in reindeer herding and transportation would not only be brought n step fur ther toward civilization, but would furnish the contingent needed to make possible the mining industry. After four years of experiments it became certain that this project would prove a success." llow no Waken Up the Trumps, The policeman who makes the round of Madison Square Park early in the morning has a duty ho rather enjoys. It is to wake up the tramps and loiter ers who sleep on the benches "between rounds." lie has employed several methods-of arousing the sleepers. One of the favorite ways was to walk close to the l>enches and trod on their toes. Another was to rap on their hats with his club. The latest and most ap proved plan, affording more amuse ment to the sturdy cop than to the unhappy tramp, is to hold a small bot tle of ammonia under their noses as he passes by in the early dawn. This wakes them up quickly, and most ef fectively, and the bewildered expres sion on the face of the suddenly aroused sleeper is a real ray of sun shine to lighten the way of the police man through a day of hard work s such as conversing with nursemaids, eating apples and peanuts from the Italians' push carts and telling small boys to g'wan."—New York Mail and Express. A Skillful ltonri ftlullder. "There lives near my home," salil a resident of Rockland, Me., "a man named Edwin Mclntyre, who leads a hermit life and has a queer holrtiy. One of the prettiest and best kept pieces of road In Maine passes in front of liis lonely retreat It has hcon built by Mr. Mclntyre, who for the last twenty live years has, when not otherwise en gascil, employed his tllno picking up rocks and stones near his home and pounding them into pebbles, which lie has put in the highway. In twenty five years' time he estimates that lie has pounded 950,000 stones and made them ready fop road use. The town authorities, recognizing the value of the work, have for several years com pensated the man by giving him his road tax. lie claims that he has al ready placed on the road twenty cords of these manufactured stones. Other towns in Maine envy Rockland such a faithful and skilful road builder."— Washington Star. A Cat Woitli Having. J. G. Packard possesses a large mon grel eat that has an excellent prospect of becoming famous. The eat is de veloping into an excellent watchdog, if the expression may be permitted. Sev eral times recently strangers bnva been prevented from going to the house by Tommy's hostile demonstra tions. The eat has a particularly bit ter dislike for peddlers, -Lid when auy one of the description appears there is an Immediate attack. The cat doesn't stop for prel!mlnnrles,but spits nuil snarls and growls and defies tho world to come on. Prom n command ing position on tho highest top of the porch he is master of the situation,and the unwelcome visitor is glad to re treat Just what the cat would ilo under contrary circumstances is un known; no one has been brave enough to find out—Santa Barbara Press. Mighty Tip,. When a waiter in a San Francisco hotel was offered S4O a month, with bonrd and lodgings to go Into house hold service in Honolulu, his answer was that he could not afford the change, because his tips far exceeded tho proiKised wages.—Chicago Tiuies- Ueiald. LOV.E'S PLATFORM. What's the party? Call it Fate; Cupid is the candidate; Hymen is his runninp mate; Love the balance of the slate. This our platform—we deplore Any useless lover's war; Annexationists are we, Hearts united, our decree. As for syndicates we must Pay monopolies are just. For each lover will declare That exclusive love is fair. Vet in summer—sea-shore plan— Sixteen maids to every man, But we change the ratio, At the falling of the snow. Open door and open gate, Friendly Pa, we advocate; Monroe Doctrine? Yes, we mean, Parents should not intervene. Cast your votes without delay, Polls are open every day, Open early, open lan. Come elert our candidate. —Carl F. \V. Ilegert, in the Book World. PITH AND POINT. Mrs. Muggins—"My husbojul is get ting closer every day." Mrs. Buggins —"Yea; I've noticed you never let him get out of your sight." She—"llo stole a kiss." lie—"Did he? I suppose you wern't looking?" She—"Oh, yes I was, and I made him put It back right away." Father (sternly)—"l hear you wero kept in after school." Son—"lt was a mistake." "It was, eh?" "Yes; I made a mistake in my lessons." "I suppose," said the poet's friend, "you seek the plaudits of posterity?" "No," replied the practical poet; "I'm simply after coutcmporarj* cash." Judge—"llow old are you?" Fair Witness—"Well-er, I'm-er— I'm—" I Judge—"Better hurry, madam. Every minute's delay makes it worse." "Did you knock when you came to-night?" asked she, With a blush, the sly little thing. "I did; but why do you ask?" said lie, "Oh, I thought you came with a ring." —Pick Me Up. Teacher (of English history)—"So King John had the young princes eon fined in tho tower? What became of them?" Willie—"Why, or—l guess they're dead by tills time." A man and his bride by the parson wero tied, And when the performance was done He examined his fee then "Alas!" ex claimed he, "I add one to one and make one!" —Philadelphia Press. *lt begins to look as though Jones were on the verge of financial em barrassment." "Why, lie and his wife appear more and more prosperous every day." "Exactly; that's always the first sign." "Say," remarked the pug, "that bull dog's awful savage, ain't he?" "You bet," replied the comical l'ox terrier; "why he chased a tramp yesterday,and he got so mad because lie couldn't eatcli him that he bit a piece out of his own pants." Hoax—"lie believes In an eye for an eye." Joax—"l didn't think lie was so rindictivc." Hoax—"He isn't. It's ctferely a matter of vanity. He lost one of those he was born with, so he bought a glass one." Fatlier—"l think you'd bettor send that young man about his business. He doesu't seem to me to be very steady." Daughter—"Why, father, he calls every night but Saturday. lie couldn't, be much steadier than that." On the Edge of an Aliynn. In the second concluding chapter of his notes on the Harrfman expedition —A Summer Holiday in Bering Sea" —John Burroughs describes in the Century a more or less thrilling experi ence on the island of St. Matthew. The highest point of the island was enveloped most of the time lu fog and cloud. While groping his way upon one of these level summits, probably fifteen hundred feet above the sea which flowed nt its base, I came sud denly upon a deep cleft, or chasm, which opened in the moss and flow ers at my feet and led down between crumbling rocky walls at a fearful Incline to the beach. It gave one a sense of peril that made him pause quickly. The wraiths of fog aud mist whirling through aud over it en hanced Its dreadful mystery and depth. Yet I hovered about it, re treating and returning, quite fasci nated by the contrast between tho smooth, flowery carpet upon which I stood and the terrible yawning chasm. When the fog lifted a little and the sun gleamed out, I looked down this groove into the ocean, and Tennyson's line in "The Eagle" came to mind as accurately descriptive of the scene: The wrinkled sen beneath him crawls. Another curious effect was the bottom of the sea visible a long way out from shore. The water seemed suddenly to become shallow; or else to take on a strange transparency; the color and conformation of the rocky floor wero surprisingly distinct. Tlmclceray and tlio Sugar Maples. Apropos of the lapses of writers there is one by Thackeray, to which I have never seen any allusion. In the fifty-second chapter of the "Vir ginians," George Warrington, tn tell ing of his escape from Fort Xmquesue, says: "Now, the leaves were Legi li ning to be tinted with the magnificent hues of our autumn. ♦ * At this time of year the hunters who live in tlio mountains get their sugar from the maples. We came upon more than one such family camping near their trees by the mountain streams." I was born in Vermont, and when, in my early youth, I struck tho passage, my head reeled for a good long time. —Boston Transcript The Most Magnificent Tomb. The most magnificent tomb in me world is deemed to be the rniaee- Temple of Karnak, occupying nn area of nine acres, or twice that of St Peter's at Rome. The temple space is a poet's dream of gigantic columns, beautiful courts, and wondrous ave nues of sphinxes. WOMAN'S KIDM EY TROUBLES Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Com pound is Especially Successful in Curing this Fatal Woman's Disease. Of all the diseases known with which the female organism is afflicted, kidney disease is the most fatal. In fact, unless early and correct treatment is ap plied, the weary patient seldom survives. Being fully aware of this, Mrs. Pinkham, early in her career, gave ex haustive study to the subjevt, and in producing her great remedy for woman's His Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound was careful to see that it contained the correct combination of herbs which was sure to control that fatal disease, woman's kidney troubles. The Vegetable Compound acts in har mony with the laws that govern the entire female system, and while there are many so called remedies for kidney troubles, Lydia E. Pinkham's Vege table Compound is the only one especially prepared for women. Tho following letters will show how marvellously successful it is : Aug. 6, 1609. " DEAR MRS. PINKHAM : lam fail ing very fast, —since January have lost thirty-live or forty pounds. I have a yellow, muddy complexion, feel tired, and have bearing down pains. Menses have not appeared for throe mouths ; sometimes I am trou bled with a white discharge, and I also have kidney and bladder trouble. . . I have been this way for a long time, and feel so miserable I thought I would write to you, and see it you oould do me any good."—Miss EDNA FREDERICK, Troy, Ohio. Sept. 10, 1899. "DEAR MRS. PINKIIAM: I have used Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound according to directions, and can say I have not felt so well for years as I do at present. Before taking your medicine a more miser able person you never saw. I could not eat or sleep, aud did not care to talk with any one. I did not enjoy life at all. Now, I feel so well I can not be grateful enough for what you have done for me. You are surely a woman's friend. Thanking you a thousand times, I remain, Ever yours Miss EDNA FREDERICK, Troy, Ohio. •'DEAR MRS. PINKHAM:—I have taken live bottles of Lydia E. Pink ham's Vegetable Compound and cannot praise it enough. I had headaches, (ft r ft (ft V A nV* f ,aTe dc P° Bito, l the National Cltv Rank o* Lvnn, SMUO, VnBI HE I J lll B< I paid to Rny P c ™? n Pan HTHI that the above testimonial letters I laJII 111 are ' lot B euuiu * op woro published before obtaining the writer's special per mission. LYDIA E. PINKHAM MEDICINE CO. SLAVERY IN NEW YORK. In Early Days the City Engaged In the Traffic in Human Flesh. The greatest impetus was given to the slave trade by the act of parliament of 1684, which legalized slavery in the North American colonies. This does not mean that slavery was unknown in what is now the United States before that time, because, as early as 1620, a Dutch man-of-war landed and sold 20 African negroes at Jamestown, Va. In 1626 the West India Company imported slaves from the West Indies to New York city—then New Amsterdam. The city itself owned shares in a slave ship, advanced money for its fitting out and shared in the profits of its voyages. This recognition and encouragement may account for the astounding fact that in 1750 slaves formed one-sixth of the entire population of New York. The general prevalence of slavery is shown by the fact that, at this time, there were 67 slaves in New York's small suburb of Brooklyn, and that in London itself there were resident 20.000 slaves. Slaves were- at that time pub licly dealt in on the London Exchange. No wonder the traffic in human flesh was a recognized commerce, and that, in 1771, the English alone sent to Africa 192 ships equipped for the trade and with a carrying capacity of 47.146 slaves per trip.—Pearson's Magazine. FOErs n (. \ cures children or WORMS. I ' I Removes them. efTeotuully 1 __ I und without pain or an il noyanue. f>o yours* un- N V l,rolc(,n record of success. VI * Jlt Is the remody for all V - / worm troubles. Entirely vepjetable. 25e. at druggists, 1 -—. onuillry stores or by mull. jK- & !S. FKEY, Uultiinore, 3ld. fIENSIOWS.^rsi I ru "p?fnrhmr*xJfmtnSlpQ l Ut . eS C ' QirnS " 3.vr?l m-MI Tir. 1* :™inttv3Ss DROPSYSHffia pwM' Bili |( testimonial* and 10 |uth' treatment Free. Dr. H. U. GREEN'S 80N8, Buz B, Atl.uti, Q. That Little Beck For Ladies, ALICE JlAidON. hucutartß, N. Y, lencorrhooa, falling of the womb, and kidney trouble. I also had a pain when standing or walking, and some times there seemed to be balls of fire in front of me, so that I could not see for about twenty minutes. Felt as tired in the morning when I got up as if I had had no sleep for two weeks. Had fainting spells,was down-hearted, and would cry."—MRS. BERTUA OFEB, Socond and Clayton Sts., Chester Pa. " DEAR MRS. PINKHAM: I cannot find language to express the terrible suffering I have had to endure. I had femate trouble, p also liver,stomach, ff kidney, and blad- J/ dor trouble. . . . f I tried several doo- [ tors, also quite ail I number of patent y A K medicines, and had / Ji dp despaired of ever <5 i getting well. At last I concluded to try Lydia E. A ham's Vegetable Compound, and now, thanks to your medicine, I urn a well woman. I can not praise your medicine too highly for I know it will do all, and even more, than it is recommended to do I tell every suffering woman about your Vegetable Compound, and urge them to try it and see for themselves what it will do." MRS. MARY A. HIPLE, NO. Manchester, Ind. Where to Loeate? WHY. IN THE TERRITORY TRAVERSED BY THE Louisville 4 d Nashville Railroad, -THE- Grcat Central Southern Trunk Line, —IN— KENTUCKY, TENNESSEE, ALABAMA, MISSISSIPPI, FLORIDA. WHERE Farmers, Fruit Growers, Stock Raisers, Manufacturers, Investors. Speculators anil Money Lenders will find the trreatost chances in the United States to make "big money" by reason of tli abundance and clicapuuss of Land and Farms, Timber and Stone, iron and Ccal, Ltbor—Everything. Free sites, financial assistance, and free dom from taxation for the manufacturer. Land and farms at §I.OO Tier acre and up. wards, and 600,Ct0 acres in West Florida that can be taken grails under the U. fcj. Home stead laws. Ftock raising In the Gulf Coast District X'ill make oaormous profits. Half farr> excurhlons the first and tl.lrd Tuesdays ft' each month. Let us know what you want, and we will tell you v here and liow to got it—but don't lolay, as iho country is filling up rapidly. Prlnte*/ matter, maps and all Information fre. Address R. J WEMYSS, Qenerti Immigration and Industrial Agonl Lou svlllo. Kv. Aged Itellrleger. Mr. W. Allen of Trowbridge, Eng land, has just attained his 80th birth- Jay, and Is probably, if not the oldest, one of the oldest, bellrlngers <n thai country. This veteran was baptised by the poet Crabbe, who was then rec tor of Trowbridge, and began his bell ringing career when quite young. He rang at the Queen's coronation, arid al all great events since, including the Ju bilee periods, and, after ringing at the Diamond Jubilee celebrations. Her ; Majesty accepted his photograph. He ; has been crnnrcted with the ringers it | Trowbridge belfry for 68 years.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers