Freeland Tribune Established 1888. PUBLISHED EVERY MONDAY AND THURSDAY* UY TIIE TRIBUNE PRINTING COMPANY. Lilitefi OFFICE: MAIN STREET ABOVE CENTRE. FREE LAND, PA. SUJU*CIII*"J'ION KATES: One Year 91.50 Six Mouth* 75 Four Months 50 Two Months . .25 Tho iuto which tho subscription i* paid to is on tno address label of each paper, tho change of which to a subsequent date be comes a receipt for remittance. Keep the figures in udvunce of th* present date. He port promptly to this office whenever paper Is not received. Arrearages must be paid when subscription is discontinued. Make all mcn>y orders , checks, etc,,payable to the Tribune printing Company, Limited. A bicyclist has just obtained a ver dict of §24,500 against a railroad com pany for the loss of his legs. If he had not been a wheelman what would the sum have been? A sharp line of distinction should be drawn between the classes that are in the "submerged tenth" because they •re hopelessly degenerate and those coming to us from Canada and Eu rope, who begin at the bottom, but quickly rise to self-support and self respect. The statement that Missouri never punishes train robbers is a cruel slan der, facetiously remarks tho Kansas City Journal. It often happens that outlaws of this class are sent to the pen itentiary oven before they have been oj eratiug in the state twenty years, and sometimes they are compelled to remain there weeks and weeks before the governor padonsthem out. If a German scientist is to be be lieved, everything needed to make a man weigh 150 pounds can be found in the whites and yolks of 1200 hen's eggs. "Reduced to a fluid," declares the savant, "the average man would yield 98 cubic metres of illuminating gas and hydrogen, enough to fill a balloon callable of lifting 155 pounds. The normal human b >dy has in it the iron needed to make seven large nails, the fat tor fourteen pounds of caudles, the carbon for 05 gross of crayons aud phosphorus enough for eight hundred and twenty thousand matches. Out of it cau be obtained besides twenty col'- feo-spoonfuls of salt, fifty lumps of sugar, and fortv-two litres of water." Kovama is a member of the Japa nese Diet. That body had been con sidering a land tax bill which the gov ernment was determined should be come a law. When the roll was called Koyama anuouuee 1 that certain Agents of the government had paid him §4OOO to vote for the tax bill,and then sedately proceeded to vote against the measure. In his artless Japanese fashion, Koyama further rebuked iiis would-be corrupters by pocketing the money. While this is exceedingly in teresting evidence goiug to show that the dawn of civilization in Japan has become a sunburst, it is disappointing. Koyama is evidently young. Ho must learn that the first re juisite of a successful politeian is to stay bought and say nothing about it. In Massachusetts Mr. George L. Patterson recently submitted some in teresting statistics on the subject to a legislative committee having under consideration a bill looking towar I the abolition of the death penalty. His figures show that iu states where cap ital punishment has been abolished there has beeu invariably a decrease in the crime of murder. In Michigan and Rhode Islan 1 the decrease in the crime of murd Tatter tho abandonment of the gibbet was 4:) per cent, in the ten years following. In Wisconsin and Maine the murders numbered 3 pier cent, less during the years when there was no death penalty than during the same number of years precediug. In lowa the death pienalty was uot 111 force from 1872 to 1873. During these years there was one murder for every 1,200,000 inhabitants, while in the four years before there was one murder for every 8)\0')) iuhabita.its. In Hol land and Portugal abolition of capi tal piunislimemit was followed by an immediate decrease in tho number of murders. Rred s Op n on of it. Frederick the Great once requested his ge erals to submit to him plans of campaign for a suppositious case. Hans Joachim von Zielhen the famous cavalry General, produced a queer dia gram in blaok ink. It represented a Pig blot in the center, intersected by two black lines, whose four terminals ended each in a smaller blot. The king was furious and upbraided his old comrade in arms bitterly for what he considered disrespect. Tn explana tion Von Ziethen said: "Why, Your Majesty. I am the large blot In Ik" center—the enemy is any one of the four smaller blots. He can march up on me from he right or loft, from the front or the rear. If he does, 1 sim ply advance upon any of 'he four lines and lick him were I find him." Fred erick was satisfied. FAREWELL Farewell! Wbat words of mine may sny What in my heart I feel? While on my heartstrings pain doth play. And Fate's cold hand of steol. Unnoticed by the world, wo part; Our souls may not reveal The pain at which we fain would start— For on us rests a seal. A. seal which only makes Love mute; It stiiles uot, nor dies. Cut e'er awaits to touch its lute, Aud breathe again its sighs. What eries of woo I made you speak— O tell mo you forgive! Were days of yours by mo made bleak— For sunnier ones we'll live. Unknown tho bonds that us unite, Too strong for Fate to sever. Enduring through Time's ceaseless flight, They hold us firm forever. So smile, then, when I look the word, That silent, I must tell, As it some message sweet you'vo heard, And not this sad fareweil —M. B. W. THE ROMANCE OF AN OLD MAID. BY GEItTKVDE SCOTT DPNKIX. . , EMEMBRANCE <T"v brings backtoiue I .iflp ft bunch of white HSf clover aud grasses ./• tightly clasped in a dirty little fist, • M n hot, perspiring y'- ' R boyish face with fc t car ? of weary -'■TAiSi- V s joy trembling on !l the lashes of the big brown eyes and a childish voice exclaiming: "I brought yon such a beautiful bouquet because I love you, dear. I walked miles to get it. Do you like it, and will you keep it forever'n ever?" "Like it?" Words cannot express how much I liked it—then. That was years ago. One would think I had forgotten—sometimes. It is bettor to forgot—and yet, at times, these hot hearts of ours play us such strange, freakish tricks, onf, wonders how they cau belong to quiet, self-pos sessed worldly people. For I am worldly—there is no use of denying it; in fact, I rather glory iu it. Some old maids take to fancy work with a cat nnd pqrrot attachment; eomo devote themselves to church and sewing societies, but I settled down to work—and work would surely put a quietus on sentimental nonsense. If there bo not love and happiness in our lives—and these things are blessings that come to so few—why not be something to and of the wholo world. This bright, beautiful, fasci nating world that we are so loath to leave, nnd yet would never have en tered had our wishes been consulted. "I bring such a beautiful bouquet be cause I love you, dear," sounds as clearly in my ears to-night, as it did —moro years ago than I care to re member. Tom was eight and I was six and n half, and, oh, how we loved each other in the days when we used to go to housekeeping regularly, every morn ing after breakfast, in the little old summer house at the foot of the hill. Tom sat on a sofa (inverted soap box) and made believe smoke a cigar and read his paper (a stray leaf from old Mother Goose), and I tucked up my curls with a big hairpin—we had saved our pennies to buy—and baked i enormous sand pies for our lunch. Afterwards he always went down town to his office and worked very hard, and I dressed up magnificently in the remnants of nu old red table cloth and lolled on the sofa (at least part of ine lolled; the rest hung over on tho floor and I nearly broke my poor little back over the edge of that horrid box; But Tom said it was "grown up to loll" so the lolling had to be done) until ho camo home from town with my bouquet. He never for got it, and I always loyally vowed to keep it "forever'n over." Sometimes it was dandelions, that I laboriously picked to pieces leaf by leaf to see if he did truly love me, aud, when the woeful words came to the final petal, "ho loves me not," Tom would stamp his foot and Bcold—"Poll! ICatie, flowers don't know, I lovo you more'u a million bushels! Now kiss mo this minute! 'Cos mans nnd boys just likes to be loved when they's all tired out wording, like I am." Then that bouquet was thrown away, but the clover or wild flowers or even thistles I loyally wore the rest of day. How this long dried bouquet has es caped tho ravages of Time—only Fate knows; but it occupies a secret drawer in my desk and sometimes I take it out and live over again those old, de lightful, thrilling days so full of love aud happiness when Tom was a grown man at eight and such a splendid lover! My cheeks were tho reddest, my eyes the brightest and my kisses the sweet est of any girl's in town, for—Tom sai.l so. He also said that I made tho best sand cakes nnd ho ate them, like n good husband ought, until one day when he nearly choked to death on a pebble and that frightened us so ho never again could bo persuaded to touch any ol my baking; and he inado me dress in mourning—a piece of black calico ho found iu the garret—just to sec how badly I M ould have felt if he had really died. It was dreadful 1 I had to ery and sob. Tom said widows always did, sob loud, dreadfully loud—until I al most made myself sick about it; for he made me keep that up for a week and cut off a few inches of the black calico every day. Tom said I just couldn't get out of mourning too quick and it wasn't nice of me to want to. But af ter that I stole tho bread and jam for our luncheons. Tom made me. He said one funeral was ail a woman ought to expeot of a man and he wouldn't choke himself to death again for any woman! I cried over that, too; because a mau really ought to be willing to sacri fice himself in every way if he oould only make his wife happy; but Tom was obdurate and wo couldn't starve. So, I stole the jam, His mother was such a suspicious woman that she al ways kept her jam closet locked. And one dreadful day our hire</ girl caught me—hired girls were dreadfully un sympathetic creatures when I was young—and took both of us upstairs to mother. Oh, but Tom came splendidly to my rescue, "lton't you dare lick her, Mrs. Montgomery," ho said, just as big and brave as if he was truly grown up. "She's my wife, nnd—and I made her borry your jam just to keep our family from starving. There's six dolls to be fed and—and I eat a lot and Katie hns to have some." Mother was busy, so she just laughed and told the girl to give us some every day and then we wouldn't be tempted to steal. Tom said I had such a splendid mother he believed he'd come over to our house to live—but he never did. His mother acted dreadfully when she heard of it. He had his things all pncked up in a valise and a cigar box. ready to come and, when he went to say good bye, she cried and took on awfully. Tom snid it was perfectly splendid—she could cry belter than I could, and then we had our first quar rel. It was dreadful, the things ho said, just like a grown up man for all the world; nnd I began sewing my black calico strips together again, for Tom vowed he was going off to fight Indians and I instinctively knew I'd soon be a widow; for Tom never quit anything until he had gotten himself killed for me to cry over. Tko very day he brought me this bouquet ho had died twice —once from a terrific Indian battle and tho next time from sunstroke—and suddenly discovering he hadn't been at the of fice at all that day, he hurried down town and picked these flowers for mo on his way home. The next day cruel fate aud our stern parent. l ! separated us. We moved out West aud I took along my black calico aud was a widow when ever I thought about it; but it wns desperately louely and I was truly heartbroken, and Tom —well, I never saw Tom until last winter when I came East and established a studio. He's grown to bo a big, handsome fel low, a little gray and—a bit of a cynic, I fear. He comes to see me, some times. He says it's quite refreshing to talk to a genuine old maid who hasn't a particle of sentimental non sense about her. To-night, when ho said that, I be gan gabbliug as fast as X could about Dewey's bravery and Ilobson's hero ism, until he yawned gently behind bis hand, and said quietly; "They are all very well. I'm proud of them, hut I cannot keep a thrill at fever heat forever—could you?" "Hardly. Old maids take no stock in thrills—they cannot be cashed," I retorted—hastily searching through my desk for n paper of statistics lie wanted, when the drawer fell out and my precious bouquet came tumbling into view. "What's that!" ho exclaimed in a tone that sent the blood flying into my face. I quickly put away my treasure without looking at him (even an old maid doesn't like to be caught blush ing) aud carelessly answered: "Just a little souvonir given me by a dear friend." He laughed—such a harsh, bitter, cynical laugh—and turned aw„y abruptly, saying: "And Ihad thought you a woman without any romance whatever in her past! Heigho! but — women nro all alike. * * * If you have that paper ready I bolieve I will go now." I gave it to him and he left without another word—and now —I sit staring, staring, staring at my pitiful little bonquet aud, though a flood of tender memories comes over lue, I almost wish he hadn't seen this bunch of clover blossoms and grasses that he gave me so long ago. Ho must liavo forgotten. Men al ways do forget. It is only silly fool ish women whenever can teach them selves how to forget. Heigho! It is a stupid, dreary old world—after all. Anil I langh—such a weary, sense less laugh—as I think how fortunate it is that lam a genuine old maid, without any sentimental nonsense.— Detroit Free Tress. Some Philippine Aniinulsi. The midget Thilippino Equirrel is nn odd creature. It is about the size of a mouse, has legs longer in proportion than those of tho ordinary squirrel, larger eyes aud rounded ears. A largo brown rat, gray underneath and with a squirrel-like head and eyes, but black, eord-liko tail, is of still greater interest from an evolu tionary point of view. It is discov ered to be the last link long needed to I complete the chain of relationship bc ! I ween the true rat aud the water rats. I A wild pig, dignified by the name : "sus eelebensis Pliilippinensis " is j found throughout tho whole Piiilip ' pine group. It is exceedingly ex iduaive during the day, when it hides ' in tire forests, bat sallies gayly forth during tho night into the native maiso and rice fields, where it does much damage. The natives call this badly beloved pig "bnbui." The Philippines will also contribute & giant fruit-eating bat All Ameri can bats, of course, subsist entirely upon insects and are provided with sharp teeth with which to nip them. The fruit-eating bat of these islands is larger than a rat, has a long head and blunt teeth. It makes nightly inroads upon the banana plantations and other fruit During the dry it sleeps hanging noad downward from a tree.—Washington Star. NEWEST SHIP CANALS. 1 L CREAT WATERWAY BEINC BUILT ACROSS RUSSIA. Project to Make Brassel* n Maritime j I'ort—The Proposed lOS-Mile Canal Across Florida—Suez Still Stands Alone Anion? the Paying Ship Canals. Among the canal projects that are making most rnpid progress is the Russian canal across western Russia, from the Baltic to the Black Sea. Work 011 the canal began last spring, and fonr years will be required to complete it. It is to bo 10S0 miles long, and will extend from the port of Riga, on the Baltic, to the mouth of the Dnieper River, on the Black Sea. The new waterway will be largs enough to permit the largest warships to pass through. It will have a width at the top of 217 feet and 117 feet at the bottom, with a depth of 281 feet. Starting from Riga the route follows the Dwina River to Dunaborg. Prom this point the canal will be dug to Lepel upon the Berosiua River. It will then follow this stream to the Dnieper, which it will descend to the Bea. The route thus utilizes the river courses which are to be canal ized, and of the total length of the canal only 125 miles will be dug. The canal is being so strongly built that vessols may steam through it at a rate of six knots an hour. It will take six days for largo vossels to pass through it, traveling night and day. The canal is to be lighted throughout by elec tricity, and the total cost is estimated nt about 3100,000,000. To enlarge the commercial area to be served it is pro posed to utilize numerous secondary rivers and thus connect the canal with the important towns of Mozyr, Cher nigov, Jitomir, Poltava and others. The success of the Manchester ship canal has led Belgium to think of a similar undertaking for tho benefit of Brussels. The project is to make Brussels a maritime port, with large dock accommodations and a basin for shipping comprising about 30,000 acres. The work has not yet begun, bat there is no doubtitwill be carried out. Tho canal will he about seventy five miles long. The Belgians are among the best canal builders of the world, and a great deal of their in ternal commerce is carried on tho twenty-nine canals now in operation. There is no telling when the pro posed Florida ship canal, designed to savo sorno hundreds of miles of travel around the end of the peninsula, will be carried out. The projectors of this enterprise, however, have made prog ress in tho study of availablo routes for tho canal. The route selected by the late General Stono has been pro nounced impracticable by Engineer Caffall, who reports that a tidewater canal is out of tho question, and that the only practicable routo for a ship canal is on a lock system, beginning at the harbor of St. Augustine, going straightto St. John's River, lot miles, up that river ten miles, thence to Orange Lake, 28J miles, through that lako nine miles, thence to tho Gulf, sonth of Wacassasseo Bay, the near est deep water, 45 J miles. The total length of the canal is to be 108 miles. Tho Panama Canal Company has completed the Boca dock, tho Pacific terminus of the canal. It remains to be seen whether vessels will use this dock. The tide fluctuation at Panama amounts to ov'er twenty-five feet, and at tho lowest ebb the bottom of the sea is exposed for a mile or more from the shore. Some persons cxpross tho opinion that the dock will be a great success, while othei'3 think it will be a complete failure, as, in their opinion, vessels will not venture to tie up there. The French Chamber has had be fore it for some time a plan to connect tho Bay of Biscay with the Mediter ranean by a ship canal. The plan is to start from Bordeaux, follow tho left bank of the Garonne for a considerable distance, then cross the river and re main on the right bank as far as Tou louse, whore it will again pass to the other side. The canal will finally cross the river a third time and ter minate in the Gulf of Lyons uear Nar bonue. Its length will be 327 nautical cal miles. One great advaulago that is urged in favor of the canal is that it will give northern Franco sea com munication with its southern ports without pnssiug through the Strait of Gibraltar. Tho Suez Canal is as yet the only great financial success among the ship canals now in operation. Its total traffic receipts for tho half year end ing Juno 30 last wore 88,636,920. Tho charges imposed by the canal company are 31.51 per registered tonnage, and ten of the German mail steamers alone contribute annually about 3500,000 to the canal company for passage or a sum equal to noarly half tho mail sub sidies received from the imjrerial Gov ernment. The Kaiser Wilhelm Canal, between tho mouth of the Elbe on the North Sea and Kiel on the Baltic Sea, is more than paying its expenses, and the not income of the Manchester is slowly increasing. The Isthmus of Corinth Canal is only a little over three miles long, but it saves from 100 to 200 miles in the journey to Constantinople and obviates the necessity of making the dangerous passage around Cape Matapan. It is not yet utilized by shipping as much as was expected.— New York Sun. A Costly Wood. Rosewood is exceedingly costly. Its principal use is in veneering over other woods, in cabinetwork and orna mental furniture. Its usual color is dark red or brown, with beautiful veins of brownish black, yellow, or other shades running through it, mak ing it very pretty. It has been stated that the wood stands second only to mahogany. The naino rosewood comes from the faot that the wood sends forth an odor of roses when cuL BASEBALL AT SANTIACO. An Irish Sergennt'B Vigorous Coaching oI H Cuban Youth. An amusing story is told in Santi ago of the efforts of an Irish Sergeant of the Fifth United States regulars to inculcate in a Cuban youth the prin ciples of baseball, relates H. H. Lewis. One afternoon, after dress-parade, tho regulars interested in baseball stirted to make up two scrub teams for a practice-game on the spacious parade in front of the [barracks. A Cuban youth named Lopez, the sou of a prominent sugar-planter, who had watched several games with evident curiosity, volunteered to play. "D'ye know anything about it?" asked the Sergeant, who was captain of one side, and was known in the regiment as "San Juan." "Can yez knock a three-bagger with one hand?" The Cuban looked mystified, but ho politely intimated that ho would try t learn. "Well, jump in and hustle," said the captain, sending him out to right field. During that inning the new player caught an easy ball simply because it fell into his hands, uud he was too surprised to let it go. When the side went to tho bat the native of Santiago was told how to hold it and shown where to stand. The first ball was a low one, and the Cuban fanned the air so zealously that he almost fell. Then came a hall that somehow man aged to hit the bat with force enough to return to the outfield. The whole crowd yelled instructions, but the Cuban stood open-mouthed until "San Jann" made a leap for him, and, catching him by the arm, fairly dragged him in the direction of first bn3e. Tbore was a. pained expression upon the Cuban's face, and ho resisted feebly, but the Irish Captain finally | landed him in triumph. A minute later the next at the bat sent the ball into the field and tore for first base. "Run! run!" ytiled "San Juan" to the Cuban, who was trying to adjust his collar. "Run! Give him a chauco at that bag, will yez?" Lopez dodged from the baso just in time to escape being run down. His hat fell off, and he was on the point of stooping for if when the captain fell upon him. All that tho specta tors could see was a trailing cloud of dust, but when it cleared away Lopez and "San Juan" were visible making fast time towards second. The ball was still being fumbled in the field, anil there was a good chauco for a home run. When the Cuban reached second base ho had lost a shoo and part of his coat, and the man following was at his heels. Ho was not allowed to halt, although ho was in sore need of rest. "Run!" shouted the captain sav agely. "Run or I'll " Ho snatched up a stick and made for Lopez with such 'a menacing air that the poor Cuban finally ran as hard as he could. Amid the howls of the spectators he shot over the ground, but instead of making for the homo hasp he struck oft' across the parade, and finally disappeared beyond the adjacent mule corral. An hour later a small boy came for his clothes. Since then baseball can hardly be called popular with the youth of San tiago. Oriental llvi'erbole. An amusing rqiecimeu of Oriental hyperbole came under the notice of Lord Elgin before ho left upper Bnrmah. At a jilace called Myitkyiua, which was a mere Burmah-Shau village ten years ago, but which is the head quarters of a thriving British district, the viceroy was preseuted with an ad dress of welcome by the people of the town. The people, it declared, were as happy to see and make obeisance to his excellency as if they were gaz ing on "the full moon surrounded with luminous stars." They prayed for his long life, and for that of the queen empress, contrasted their present security with the dangers in which they previously lived, pointed out that even tho savage tribes were becoming civilized, and dwelt on the prospect of good crops and the regularity of the seasons. These results, including an equable distribution of rain and sun shine, were undoubtedly due to the sagacity and rectitude of the govern ment officers.—London News. To Telescope Star Trails, A photographic telescope, having n peculiar purpose, is to bo set up at Helsingfors by the Columbia Univer sity Observatory. The telescope is the gift of Miss C. W. Bruce, of New York. It is intended to photograph, not stars, but star trails. If a teles cope, having a photographic plate in its focus, is pointed at the stars then fixed in position, the stars will, in consequence of tjieir apparent motion caused by the rotation of the earth, impress lines, or trails, upon the plate, tho length of the lines de pending npon the timo of exposure. It is these star trails thnt the new tolescopo is intended to photograph, hut only the stars near the North Pole will he chosen. The telescope will be pointed at tho true pole of the earth's rotation, and the star trails will appear as circles, or parts of circles. Then, by cnrcful examina tion of these star-made lines, changes in the direction of tho earth's axis may be revealed. A Woman L'.on Tamer. There is a young woman in Ger many who has been making exhibi tions of her remarkable power over wild beasts that she has tamed. She takes her dinner in a huge cage and invites lions, tigers and wolves to eat with her. Only one knife and fork are provided; these Miss Heriot uses herself and outs off the bits of food she bestows upon her four-footed friends. If tbey show a disposition to be greody she quiokly represses them. She learned the art of taming lions at the Leipsio zoological gar dens. |" AGRICETIAL. -1 Now Method of Preserving Milk. A French experimenter has found that by placing milk, directly after it is drawn, in cool vessels and treating to a pressure of five or six atmospheres of pure carbonic acid for four or five hours, then treating to oxygen at'llve atmospheres pressure, for five hours, tho undesirable bacteria will be killed. If the milk is then trausborted in Ves sels containing oxygen under two at mospheres of pressure, the milk is said to contain all the properties of fresh milk and cau be guaranteed to be entirely free from disease germs. Tho Value of Early Cat Hay. Save the best early cut hay and other roughage until the latter part of winter aud early spring. All practical feeders have observed that farm ani mals are less likely to make satisfac tory gains iu the spring mouths than : at any other timo of the year. Ofton they lose flesh unless the very best of care is giveu. They refuse to eat the usual amount of forage unless it is early cut aud of the very best quality. However I huve found that by saving tho earliest cut hav until the last, the Btock will continue to consume the usual amouut of food with a relish and also coutinue to make satisfactory gains. With luilch cows the flow will not deoreaso, as so often happens in spriug before the cows cau be turned out on good pasture. Then, too, by feeding the earliest cut hay last, the system of the ani | mal will he in a better condition for making satisfactory gains immediately after boiug turned out on fresh pas -1 tures iu spring. Very early cut fod ders have a tendency to relax the bowels, consequently change from dry fodder to fresh pastures will not be a radical change in feed. In the early fart of tho winter they are in a better I condition for consuming tho late cut hay aud fodder, after being taken off | the pastures, where their rations have ■ often been made up ot overripe and i spartly dried oft' grasses. Every prac tical feeder has long ago learned the advantage of securing all fodder as early as possible after it has gained i the required stage of growth, but where a large amount is to be put up, some • of it will of necessity become riper than is desirable.—Lewis O. Folio, in Orange Judd Farmer, Experiments In Putter Making. The discovery of the important part played by various bacteria in produc ing tho flavor aud aroma of butler has led to the introduction of what is known ns commercial butter cultures, nud dairymen have been led to hope that by the use of such cultures aud of the process of pasteurizing, the quality of their butter might be ma terially improved. Recent trials at the Pennsylvania Experiment Station, however, report iu Bulletins No. 45 and No. 46, seem to indicate that cleanliness, the careful selection of milk, aud clone attention to details, promise to affect more iu improving the flavor of our butter than pasteuiiz ing aud the use of commercial cul tures. With pasteurized cream, the acid-forming cultures were found to give slightly, but distinctly better re sults than were obtained from un pasteurized cream ripened spontan eously, while non-acid-forming cul tures gave results, if anything, slightly inferior to those obtained by spontaneous ripening. With unpas teurized cream, as might have been expected, the results were less marked. A home-made "starter," however, carefully prepared from skim-milk, was fouud to give as good, if not better results than the more ex pensive commercial cultures, and this was true both with pasteurized and with raw cream. No distinctly bene ficial results were observed from pas teurizing,though the experiments were not specially planned to test tnis point. These results are similar to those recently published by the Wisconsin Experiment Station, nud the two, taken together, do not seem to indi cate that, under present conditions, marked advantages are to be antici pated from the use of the commercial cultures. Trials were also made of heating milk to a temperature of about 165 degrees F. before separating, but without auy marked effect ou the fla voring of the resulting butter.—Bui letiu, Pennsylvania Experiment Sta tion. Anchoring a Post. I Where wire fencing is used, wheth ! er woven wire or straight strands, it • is of great importance to have the cor ner or end posts firm and unyielding. A good way to accomplish this is SECURING A FENCE CORNER. shown in the cut. A broad stick of wood is sunk in the ground and a stout piece of galvauized iron wire is tied firmly about it and stretched tightly to the upper end of the post, as shown. A corner post will need two wires similarly anchored. Changing; the Illves and Stock. To one who has bees can afford to keep tliem in any but standard hives of the present time, and neither will it pay to keep any but the pure Italian bees. The change is readily made by transferring tlie bees and combs into new hives, and the stock of bees is easily ohanged by taking away the old queen and introducing an Italian quen in her place. The cost of the new hive and the new queen will not exceed two or three dollars per colony, and the extra profits obtained the first season by making this change would pay all the expenses. The careful beekeeper chauges his stock of bees aud introduces new blood in the apiary almost every year, and it is remarkable the difference that is found in the different strains of bees. It matters not what pure race of bees we have, all colonies are by no means alike, and some are far more profitable to keep than othei-B. Every apiarist has some particular colonies of bees in his apiary that he would not part with under any con sideration, and double the prices of other colonies would not induce them to part with such stock. i The queen bee of course has all to do with this, as the whole colony is of her production. Change her to an other hive, {tnd all these good quali ties go with her. Her progeny is supposed to retain a part or perhaps all her good qualities bat it is only a per cent, that do, and by thus selecting we improve our Btook of bees just as any breeder of fine stock of farm animals. Great are the number of good points in a queen bee. Some are very prolific, and will far exceed others in egg production. Some pro duce such gentle bees that they sel dom ever attempt to sting you, and others are vindictive, nud want to sting yon at every opportunity, and are no better honey producers than the gentle one.?. Others are iuyetorato swarmers, while some are content to store honey right along and do not attempt to swarm. Some are given to pilfering and steal honey from other colonies, aud some uro so in dolent that they will allow them to carry away all the honey they have and make no resistance. The mark ings of some bees are much more per fect thau others, numerous other points might be named.—A. H. Duff. An Economical Clod-Cruslier. During the idle hours oftentimes can the opportunity be improved to construct many a simple and practical device with which to work. Especially is this true concerning the clod- A LANB-EOLLEIt. crusher pictured herewith, for not only is it useful for crushing lumpy soil, but also for rolliug nud smooth ing land. , As can be seen, it is very simple to ' make, three logs ns even in size and as round aud true ns possible being fastened inside a framework by round spikes (heavy wire nails) driven through the sidepieces into tho logs, in which manner the latter can turn freely. Where a large, carefully made land-roller is not at hand, this ensily constructed substitute is •ser viceable, for, if necessary, it can he weighed.—New York Tribune. A.n Experiment in Turkey liaising. A fine bronze gobbler and four hen turkoys were the foundation of our stock. In March a nest was discov ered in an old fodder stack. Eggs accumulated until three hens that had nests in the hay loft were given sit tings of nine eggs each. In due time the twenty-seven eggs hatched within the same twenty-four hours, and the striped, downy turks were fed several days before leaving their warm barn home. The hens were then put into coops with a movable inclosure, so I that the little ones might have free dom without wandering too far from brooding wings into the dewy grass. The earliest food was a mixture of oat and corn meal, scalded with hot water, and cooled with curd. A few weeks, and the raw meal was mixed with skimmed or sour milk. The hens weaned them in about six weeks, aud then cuddled together with a fatherly rooster under a shed at night, until their wings fledged out so that they could join turkey society on brush and limb. With growth came independence, and in three months they were scratching for their own living among the scatterings of the stock, expeot ing only a light breakfast and a gen erous supply of whey aud curd. Meantime three turkey hens had come home from secret nests with ten, ten and eleven ohicks respec tively. The three younger broods shared a the food of the orphans, but had un restricted freedom. The mothers brooded their young all summer. Sometimes they would remain for days in the woods beyond the rye and oat fields, but in spite of tho irregu larity of their lives they grew to be somewhat heavier than the ones raised "by hand." The entiro flock of fifty (four had met with violent deaths aud four had pined away from causes 110 doubt nat ural, but not understood) were finely shaped birds weighing by Christmas from fourteen to twenty pounds eaoh. Had all been sold, as some of them were to private custoiaors at 12} cents per pound, tho "fun" of raising them would have paid well, but the pres sure of other things has left the dis posal of the rest of them to a fluctuat ing market and a disinterested com mission man. Even so, there can be but gain in raising turkeys for the family, friends and the market on the otherwise waste material of a stock, grain or dairy farm.—Emmerette R. Wheaton, in Farm, Field and Fire side.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers