American money of all kinds passes at par in Canada nowadays. A rich vein of pure iron ore has been discovered in tho northern part of Hayti, and already an American com pany has obtained a concession to mine it. The Supreme Court of South Da kota has decided that tho law passed the last Legislature requiring all canvassers for business houses out of the State to take out a license is un constitutional because of its interfer ence with interstate commerce. A rule has been adopted by the members of tho School Management Committee of tho Board of Education, of Chicago, whereby it is provided that neither teachers nor principals iu day schools shall be employed as teachers in night schools except in cases where suitable talent cannot otherwise be found. Agriculture is the mainstay of Porto Bieo, it having been ihe policy of Spain to discountenance the establish ment of factories in order to afford a market for the manufacturers of the home provinces. The field is, there fore, almost virgin in that direction, being limited by natural conditions only, su Mi as waut of coal, freights on raw material, and the training of skilled labor, at present entirely lack ing. Austria-Hungary is making an inter esting experiment to open up new chaunels for its trade. A steamer, the Poseidon, fitted up as a floating exhi bition of the products of the monarchy, will soon leave Trieste for the chief ports of the Levant, the Eed Sea, Hindostan, the East Indies, China and Japan. Its arrival will be exten sively advertised beforehand at each port, and commercial travelers on board will try to securo orders for the exhibitors and to find capable agents at the points touched. Tho Govern ment has granted a subsidy of S2D,UOO to assist tho enterprise. In connection with tho opening of the public schools in the city of San tiago, it is interesting to note how meager school system had hitherto prevailed there. In tho whole prov ince of Santiago, tho latest figures show that out of a population of 270,- 000, there were but 6000 public and 1800 private school pupils, while tho total public school expenditure for a year was only 816,000. In tho whole of Cuba there were but 13,000 chil dren in the public schools. This is about three and one-half per cent, of the population. Fifty-three out of every one hundred persons in Havana ean neither read nor write. A great work is before the schools in the island of Cuba, observes tho School Journal. There is a considerable consumption of coal in Venezuela, and tho supply come.s almost wholly from Wales. It is pressed into bricks seven Inches thick and eleven inches long, and, on this account, is preferred by the rail ways, whose engines have no tenders. Their eoal is carried on a small plat form, and off these ordinary coal would roll) it sells in Venezuela for 812 a ton and enters duty free. The Consul nt La Guayra says that]tliere is an excel lent opening in Venezuela for United States coal, which can be laid down there much more cheaply than the British coal. It would be necessary, however, for our manufacturers to meet the demands of that market. Bricks are indispensable, and for this purpose a grade of soft coal could bo used that is not always marketable in the United States. We are rapidly becoming the fore, most nation in our love of out-of-door sports, remarks the New York Herald. The new generation wants plenty of air, is fast acquiring an impregnable digestion, and is striking a strong pace in the direction of longevity. Wo took to the wheel with insatiablo appetite. All the world and his wife were on tho bike. The diseases to which flesh is heir began to hide their diminished heads, and tho doctors groaned behind closed doors. II wanted bnt one [thing more to bring on the millennium. And that one thing, whioh arose from small begin nings to national prominence, was golf. It came with stealthy Bteps at first, but it soon recognized its own importance, and now holds gentle sovereignty over tho civilized earth. It is a game of grace as well as skill- It touches every muscle with its wand, trains tho eye, gives steadiness to the hand, and makes the man more of a man and tho woman more of a woman. Perhaps, on the whole, it is the most fascinating sport in exis tence, for it sweetly allures even the tired player to continued exercise, and then leaves him with the benedic tion of a stalwart appetite. I THE CHIPPEWA OUTBREAK. | p i ||| Causes Which Led the Minnesota Indians to Go |§| on the Warpath. J\ n EAKLY every ac \ | count agrees that the outbreak of the \\! Chippewa Indians \ near Bear Island, . on the east side of JIII Leech Lake, in tjjljjyf northern Minne || | sotn, is the result ;,| of an accumulation Of grievances. \a Vi>\ ttoT? V , ' J: ' lO immediate '4l II ' cause of the trou • " bio was the arrest of old Chief Bog-a-Meg-Esliig, or Bush Ear, head of the Pillagers, made by a deputy United States mar shal on a warrant—a proceeding al wnys resented, either openly or secret ly, by Indians, for they can never bo ; made to understand why white men . Bhould interfero to the extent of de- j priving any one of them of his per sonal liberty. To the Indian, even under the conditions of to-day, con finement in prison for even a short term is equivalent to n sentence of death, and the records will bear out the assertion that few Indiau prison ers survive a term of imprisonment of more than three years. They are peculiarly susceptible to home-sick ness, which, among Indians, is a real disease and commonly has a fatal termination. It is on this account that an arrest, with the subsequent imprisonment, is so'obnoxious to' an In dian that ho will often fight to tho death rather than submit. It appears that in the present case the friends of the man arrested over powered the marshal and rescued his prisoner. Troops wero then sent out to assist the marshal in arresting the rescuers, and a collision between them and the Indians followed, with a loss to the troops of six killed, including Major Wilkinson of tho Third In fantry, who but recently returned from Santiago. Tho loss of the In- OLD EOa-A-MEG-ESHIO. dians was small, as they fought from cover. The troublo is all the more remark ubla because the Chippewas were one of tho few tribes in the United States not affected by the ghost dance ex citement of 1890. The Chippewas are members of tho great Algonquin family, which ranged from the Jlississippi to east of the great lakes, through the northern part of the United States, and are still one of the most numerous of the Indian tribes. The territory of the tribe to the eastward was bounded by tho country of the Iroquois, with whom constant war prevailed, aud on the west and southwest by that of the Sioux, also inveterate enemies of the Chippewas and their foes in huudrods A GROUP OP CHIPPEWA SQUAWS AND PAPOOSE 3. Ed battles, extending over fivo cen turies. The Chippcwas are first-rate fight ers, and havo been generally victorious in their battles with other tribes. Thoy are remarkable among Indian tribes, ia that they have never been removed from their old ranges; but occupy to-day a section of the country where they were found by tho whites. Their own name for themselves is the Ojibways, which was applied to the whole tribe formerly, but the tribal Uiamo is now Chippewas. ) The band known as the Leech Lake Pillagers, which is making the pres ent trouble, numbered 1153 in 1897, out of the 7651 Indians on the reser vation. In 1890 there were 1123 of them at Leech Lake, of whom 560 were males, and of these 324 were above eighteen years of age. There were in addition 389 Pillagers on the Cass Lake and Winnebegoshish reser vations, and 682 Otter Tail Pillagers. In 1890 the Pillagers owned 414,440 acres of land in the reservation, of which five were cultivated by the Gov ernment and 350 by the Indians. i 9b IW~ tk n ( SEVEN OF THE CHIPPEWA CHIEF& Each man In this picture has numerous atrocities to his credit, Ala-cho-pl-ness, holding tho "coulo" stick of enisle feathers, Is the most murderous Indian In the Northwest. LITTLE BOY. IRON BEAN. YELLOW BIRD, BAIN-FACE. STANDING ELK. CUTS-IIEART. HUNTS-THUNDER. WOF-SCOM-CIIE-NA-rAll—Half Brcod Interpreter. They raised GOO bushels of corn, 1220 bushels of vegetables nud 330 tons of hay, besides cutting more than 400 cords of wood. From the sale of part of their products and from hauling freight they realized in cash SIOSO. Of the 6100 Indians on the reservation in 1890, 4000 wore American clothing, 1000 could read and 1200 were church members. John It. Bottineau, a Chippewa Indian who is at present in Washing ton, says: "The ugly spirit and. dis position of the Pillagers to hold them selves aloof from both white men and other bands of their tribe have caused them to be charged with many viola tions of law which perhaps should havo been laid at some other door. That naturally exasperates them, and, with a good deal of whisky, has oc casioned the present outbreak. "I believe this trouble was caused by members of the tribe getting hold of whisky. The officers of the law heard of it, found the culprits and de tained them. In the meautime de puties were sent out (o secure wit nesses, and the more witnesses the officials summon tho greater the amount of fees to tho Sheriff's office. Many deputies are half-breeds who care for nothing but money-making. Every witness that is grabbed up is taken to the Sheriff's office and de tained for an indefinite time. This causes suffering in tho Indian's family, because, not being a thrifty tribe, they do not lay anything by for the future. I think had Sheriff'O'Connor acted with more diplomacy the pres ent trouble would have been averted. I imagine he went at the business im petuously, and to a certain extent rode rough shod oyer the Pillagers. "Another grievance ia the failure to get payment for their lands. Accord •tug to the act of Congress of January 14, 1889, the consolidated Chippewas of Minnesota ceded all their reserva tion to the United States, less their allotments, and the Government was to open up the land by selling it at 51.25 an acre for the agricultural jror tion, and the timber land at the rate of Stl a thousand feet. They don't be lieve in the allotments and prefer to have their reservation intact, over which all of the tribe can swarm at will." Secretary Bliss says the Pillagers have no cause to complain regarding their timber. He says timber stealing on their reservation was stopped eighteen months ago aud that their interests are now thoroughly pro tected. Under the law alluded to by Mr. Bottineau, the timber of the Pil lagers has been appraised by compe tent and honest agents, and much of it has been sold at auction at a mini mum price of S3 a thousand, but the receipts from the sale of what they call "dead and down timber," last yearreacheds27o,ooo. The money thus received has been chiefly ex pended in buying farms, cattle,horses, implements, seeds and other supplies and in promoting the cultivation of the ground. There are altogether about 8000 Chippewas and other Indians in Minnesota, including men, women and children. Of theso more than one-fourth are "Christianized" and are enumerated as communicants among the several religious denomi nations. Of the 6000 remaining 3500 are practically civilized. THE HOME OP A LEECH LAKE CHIPPEWA FAMILY. Leaving 2500 men, women and children in the "half-civilized" cate gory, theso include the Pillagers, who number about 250 men and 750 women and children. They do farming in a small way. Nearly every family has a little garden between tho stumps of the land that has been cleared, and most of them have permanent homes built of logs, with cows, horses, pigs and chickens. During the summer they fish a good deal and putter about their gardens. In the winter they work in the logging camps and hunt for food and turs. Seventy per cent, of the labor in the logging camps and sawmills on the Pillager reservation is performed by the Indians, and they make good wages, but spend most of their money for whisky. The Pillagers have always had a bad reputation for thievery. It is said that the name they bear was de rived from that characteristic. They have never been famous for fighting, but for plundering they could hold their own against all competition. They have not made the same pro gress in civilization as the other bauds of Chippowas, and by their delusive ness and conservatism have earned a bad name in their tribe. Their unpopularity among other branches of their nation will, it is thought, prevent any sympathy or as sistance from reaching then. The missionaries have made 'ittlo pro gress among them, and Bishop Whip ple, of Minnesota, said that they had refused schools and religious privileges that had been offered, and Arclidt. • 1 Gilfillan has been compolled to aban don missionary work among themi They have ugly dispositions and prel fer to live in their own way and resen< all interference. I I THE REALM OF FASHION. § @u c C 31#l€i jjiflijia it m m For Cold Morningfl* For cold winter mornings nothing cau exceed in comfort a pretty morn ing jacket of soft wool eiderdown. As here represented, pale blu® was the WOMAN'S HOUSE JACKET. color chosen, the edges being neatly finished with a bias binding of satin in the same shade, which is machine etitched on its inside and upper edges. The gracefully pointed collar is a picturesque feature of the garment, and is included in the neck seam with rOH A lIIS3 OF FOURTEEN. n comfortable rolling collar, that com pletes tba neck. The shaping is very simply accom plished by side seams, that end just below the waist lino, underarm gores and shoulder seams, the fronts being closed invisibly in centre, under small decorative bows of satin ribbon. The sleeves are two-seamed, in regular coat shape, the becoming ful ness gathered at the top, anil the wrists bound with satin. Although especially designed for eiderdown,any woolen fabrio may be chosen to de velop this neat and trim house jacket, flannel, camel's hair, ladies' cloth or cashmere being pretty when trimmed with ribbon, lace or insertion. To make this jacket for a woman of medium size will require three and one-half yards of material twenty-seven inches wide. A Fetching Suit. Checked novelty wool suiting in brown nnd chamois shades showing a silk thread of pale blue woven in with the line of darker brown that forms the check is the material chosen for the fetching suit shown in the large engraving. Brown ribbon velvet is used for trimming, the revers of piece velvetto match being overlaid with creamy point de Venice lace. Three hand some steal buttons decorate the front, a steel buckle being used to clasp the belt of velvet at the waist line. Hat of brown felt faced with shirred chamois, colored satin and crushed cream roses under the brim nt the left side. Handsome brown shaded tips, roll nnd loop of satin ribbon. The yoke and collar are of finely tucked cream colored taffeta that comes already tuoked for this pur pose. The yoke may be at both front and Viack or in front only, and the revers \aay extend in Bertha fashion on the back or be cut off nt the shoulders. The closing may be in front or at cen tre-back, and the box plait can be omitted as shown in outline Bketch. A body lining, fitted by single bust dart i, under-arm gores aud centre-back scam gives a trim effect. The sleeves are two seamed iii lat est cut, gathered at the top and com pleted at the wrists by bauds of vel vet. The skirt comprises five gores; the trimming of narrow and wide ribbon velvet outlines the front gore to the lower edge extending all around the foot. The top is fitted closely and below the hips it flares fashionably to the lower edge. The mode is characterized by a styl ish air which will hold when fashioned in any of the season's now fabrics in plain or mixed weaves. Velvet, silk or mousseline can be used for the yoke and collar, or lace may be applied over tome conslrast ing bright color. The revers may be of the dress goods decorated with braid, gimp, velvet, passementerie, insertion or applique trimming and various com biuations may be charmingly de veloped in this style. Ladles' Sleeves. A sleeve that is exceedingly pretty for thin fabrics and one that can be made up in the heaviest material is here given. The sleeve cap may be used over either sleeve or dispensed with altogether, as preference dictates. No. 1 has a full upper and under portion, gathered in spaced shirrings and arranged over smooth linings, the row of shirring being covered by bauds of insertion or gimp. The wrists are finished by frills of laeo or chiffon. If a transparent effect is do sired it is best for tho amateur to make the sleeve over a cheap lining and cut it away from underneath after the sleeve is finished. This gives firmness to tho seams and retains the proper shape aud set of the sleeve. No. 2 has only slight fulness at the top and the lining is shaped exactly like sleeve. It is illustrated in gray brocade, trimmed with embroidered chiffon and silk applique. The book I I •a; it? HEAVY MATERIAL SLEEVES. seam is opened for two inches at the wrist to allow the frill of chiffon to fall gracefully through. The pretty shaped sleeve cap is bordered to match gathers grouped at the shoul der, causing the becoming fulness. To make No. 1 will require one and one-eighth yards of tbirty-six-iueli ma terial. To make No. 2 will require one and one-fourth yards of same width goods. ► Cue© Insertion For Decoration. Lace insertion and tiny silver but tons used to decorate liffen gowns air ! most effectirs. KIMQ MATAAFA. Tlie Iloyal Hallo Who -Hay Again Rule In Samoa. Our State Department's assent to the return to Samoa of Mataafa probably means that Samoa's former ruler is again to be King, after nearly ten years of exile on the lonely sand island of paluit, under the equator. The Mataafa i/MTAAFA%>' / <3 n, /f family had ruled Samoa for hundreds of years previous to 1889, when Great Britain, Germany, and the United States decreed Mataafa should step down and Malietoa, who died recently, rule the islands. Malietoa did not want to Do King and asked that Mataafa be allowed to keep his seat. The powers would not have it, however, and Malietoa became King, with Mataafa as vice-regent. Then a re bellion broke out, foreigners hnving encouraged discord between King and former ruler. Mataafa was defeated and sent into exile. For years there has been an agitation for Mataafa's re lease from exile, and the United States Government is said to be well-disposed towards him because of the service he rendered Uncle Sam's seamen alter the Apia disaster in 1889. A Misleading Metaphor. 11l the Fall Mall Gazette William Archer discusses the real rather than the sentimental relationship existing between America and England. In part he writes: "A misleading meta phor may do a great deal to beget and perpetrate confusion of thought, and such a metaphor, I suggest, is that which describes England as the "mother country" of America. Ten nyson has given it literary sanction in the line "Gigantic Daughter of the AVest," aud Mr. William Watson, in his sonnet beginning "O towering daughter, Titan of the West," repeats the phrase without misgiving. Both poets ignore the flight of time and mistake a historical for an actual rela-, tion. Tho America of to-day is not the daughter of the England of to day." A Queer Ferry Bridge. Bizerte, the chief French naval port and stronghold in Northern Africa, has a new bridge which is, in some respects, unique. It crosses a canal which leads to the impregnahlo CROSSING A CANAL ON A SUSPENDED CAE. inner harbor of Bizerte, aud which must never be closed to the passage of war ships, even by a drawbridge. Accordingly two skeleton towers were erected to carry a light superstructure so far above tho water that it cannot interfere with navigation! From this hangs a car at the level of the ap proach. Passengers enter the car at the ordinary level and it is drawn across tho river, its carrier high above, running easily upon grooved wheels. This bridge, says the New York World, requires much less power to work than the famous Tower bridge of London, which is raised bodily from the water level to tho top of its towers when vessels are to pass under. Women Street Cleaners of liarnrla. The new woman of Munich, Bavaria, can give her progressive AA'estern sis ter a lesson in "advance movements." She has been appointed to clean the Btreots. CLEANING THE STREETS IN MUNICH. The authorities say that woman is In her own province when blio has a broom in her hand, and that ■ the streets are in a much better condi tion sinco the new order of things has existed. There has been an important whole sale secession from tho ranks of tlie vegetarians. The entire Dominican Order in England has received permis sion from Borne to eat flesh four days a week instead of perpetually abstain ip""T.s heretofore.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers