In Connecticut the cost of road building is divided among State, countv and distriot. Statistics showdbat the longest-lived people have generally been those who made breakfast the principal meal of the day. They say in Texas that the cowboy of the future will use a wheel instead of a horse. One cow border in Atchi son, Kansas, already uses one. There is probably nothing about whioh all medical men are more agreed than that the use of tea as a substitute for food is playing havoc with tho general health. Devaney, one of the Irish dynami ters who was released from an English prison recently, was astonished to hear that Mr. Parnell was dead, so ab solutely are prisoners shut off from the world in penal servitude. The Paris Figaro Icarus that a num ber of most influential Dutch politi cians have resolved to oppose any echeme for the marriage of the young Queen of Holland with a German prince, as they are convinced that such a union would eventually prove a scr ious danger to Dutch independence. One of the greatest work 3 accom plished by the lato Gail Hamilton was that of boginniug the present era ol child literature. Until she started the magazine called Our Young Folks, children had nothing to read that rep resented their own day and genera tion. The magazines of that day con tained nothing interesting to the small boy or girl, and their reading world was confined to books like Mother Goose and the Arabian Nights. St. Nicholas and tho Round Table are later developments of tho idea carried out by Gail Hamilton in Our Young Folks. Says tho Cleveland Plain Dealer 1 The extravagant offers of American managers are turning the heads of the vaudevillers. Where they get $25 pel week in London they ask S3OO pei week to play in America. Dan Leno, a very clever low comedian, who gote tho highest salary on the English vau deville stage, $625 per week, and does Ilia turn in five different halls eacb night, is coming to America to do one tarn eaoh night, for which he will re ceive SISOO per week and his fare both ways. Tho same is true in other fields of the business. The craze has spread into all the details of theatricals, Americans are regarded as an easy prey to foreign performers and man agers. A pirate publisher of Chioago re cently collected the poems of Eugene Field from tho file of the uncopy righted Chioago Record, and pro ceeded to compile a volume contain ing many of the best verses, relates tho New York Recorder. He had blackmailed James Whitoomb Riley by a similar game. But when he called upon the editor of the Record he struck a snag. Mr. Lawson is the staunch friend of Mrs. Field, and he said: "Publish the poems if you think it wise. But I give you fair warning you will have t) leave Chioago. I will drive yon out and kill your busi ness." And he could have done it, for Chioago idolizes Field's memory. The poems were not published. Ella Wheeler Wiloox has been "worked" in the same manner by a volume con taining early work of her pen, much of which she considers unworthy, cribbed from the columns of the Wis consin village paper in which it first appeared. The large apple crop this season is giving employment to a great many idle men in the country, notes the American Cultivator. It always makes good times in a fruit-growing region when the apple crop is a good one. As an old farmer who had made moat of his money by growing grain once said: "When 1 get a good apple crop and sell it the money it brings always seems as if I had been made a present of it." This is hardly so now, for be sides the cost of gathering tho fruit and marketing it, there are few places where line npplos can now be grown without spraying to destroy insects and fungus diseases on leaf and fruit. But even with this extra expense the apple crop costs less to produce it than any other, and tho profit on it in a year when the crop is good is greater than on any other crop, There will he a good many farm mort gages reduced this year from apples, besides which the apple money will generally pay the store and black smith's bills and tho hired help. If farmers more generally used their apple-made profits to grow more apples, they wonld make money faster than they usually do. It is a good rale to put money in the business that makes most money for yon. FALLACIES EXPOSED SOLDBUG SOPHISTRIES AND TALSE HOODS SHOWN UP. Hammer Test, Payment of Bonds, aud Silver Producers Consid ered and Clearly Explained— None Should Bo Imposed Upon. Goldbug sophistries and falsehoods are difficult to deal with. Thoy mul tiply liko weeds aud assume all manner of shapes without nuv regard to congrnity cr con sistency. They seem absolutely impervious to logical refutation aud to survive with renewed vigor every demonstration of their absurdity. Nevertheless, as their continued and emphatic reiteration is liable to mis lead, it seems necessary to 'persevere in exposing their falsity. As there is no method in their presentation, I think it is well to take them up in discriminately upon tho plan of hit ting a head wherever I see it. And first here 13 a little ono called— It is said: "Take a United States gold coin and smash it with a ham mer and the bullion mass will be equally valuable with the eoiu, but submit a silver dollar to tho same test aud nearly half its value is de stroyed." Very true, but why? Tho defaced gold can bo immediately taken to the mint and without cosi re stored to coin. Give back io silver its coinage privilege aud it will stand the test in exactly the eamo way and for the samo reason. If the mint is open you may smash a silver dollar on the anvil until it is shapeless aud the rem nant bullion will bo worth exactly as much as the com before defacement, for the plain reason that without cost it can be reformed into the stamped and standard coin. No ono but a simpleton can bo imposed upon by so absurd n proposition as this "hammer test." The next which comes in my way regards— ' 'THE PAYMENT OF BONDS. " It is said that notwithstanding our bouds are in terms payable in "com," yet as gold was given for them there is a moral obligation to pay them in gold. Tho assumption of fact is false, because nearly every Government bond in existence has been obtained by refunding a bond originally pur chased with much depreciated legal tonder notes. Rut I do not wish to insist upon this, I prefer to admit that gold was given for every bond, and then ask what that has to do with deteimining the coin or currency in which it shall bo paid? Is tho method of payment to be looked for in tho consideration for tho bond or in those of its terms which prescribe tho method of payment? It must make a lawyer smilo to see such a question made a matter of serious considera tion. At 110 time nud in no country, and under no legal system was the character of the consideration for an obligation allowed to control or in fluence, legally or morally, tho un dertaking of the obligor. What tho consideration may have been is imma terial. It may have been the building of a railroad or the furnishiug of Government supplies or any ono of a hundred things. If it was money, then tho amount paid was equully im portant with the quality. To infer to either ono or tho other or in any way to the character of the consideration as a guido in considering the obliga tion of the Government is as contrary to all legal principles and precedents as it is to the teachings of common business sense. One thing is certain, that every bond was purchased for the least consideration at which it could be obtained. If gold was paid, then the purchase was made with just as small an amount of gold as tho buyer could induce the Government or its repre sentatives to take. What ho paid or how much he paid has nothing to do with the question of what he bought. Let me illustrate by an actual trans action. A year and a half ago tho Government wished to sell sixty-two millions of bonds, and a money syndi cate was negotiating for tho purpose. Pending the negotiation Mr. Cleveland sent a message to Congress, stating | Ibat for thirty year bonds, payable in coin (the only kind then authorized by law), the syndicate would require that the rato of interest should bo 3] per cent., but if thirty-year gold bonds could be authorized they would tako them nt 3 per cent, the consideration in either case to be in gold. The dif ference, reckoned to tho maturity of the bonds, amounted to about lifteeu millions of dollars. Congress not be ing willing to authorize a gold bond, the contract was concluded for coin bonds at 3; per cent, interest—lhat is to sr.y, the Government obligated it self to pay to tho syndicate fifteen millions of dollars for the privilege ol satisfying the bonds in coin, instead of obligating itself to pay in gold alone. Now, I ask, supposing silver to bo cheaper than gold, in wLatkind of coin ought the principal auil inter est of theso bonds to bo paid? Can there be any doubt about the answer? When tho Government lias paid iifteen millions for the option of discharging its obligations in either silver or gold, instead of gold uloue, shall it re fuse to exercise its option? If any olhcer of tho Government shall under present conditions pay tho in terest on these bonds in gold, will he not ho guilty.of a manifest fraud upon the American people from whom the means of payment are to be procured by taxation. And yet theso bonds in no way diller from any others, except that in this easo by iho communication of the President the relation between tho consideration of tho bond nud it! obligation is made manifest and indis putable. Tho man who talks aboni tho honor or credit of the Nation bit ing injured or imperiled by a payment in silver of the obligations of the i Government, winch by their terms aro made jDayablo in "coin," is either a | rank hypocrite or without sufficient in j telligenco to manago his own business. I Tbo honor and credit ot a Nation which scrupulously performs its prom ises, does exactly what it has agreed to do and pays exactly what it has con tracted to pay, cannot bo tainted or brought in suspicion by tho whines of greedy bondholders, echoed by no ! matter how many of their hirelings, j For the third specification I select this I in regard to— ".SILVER PRODUCERS." It is said that freo coinago is exclu sively or mainly for the benefit of sil ver mine owners, and tho reason given is that they would bo allowed to take fifty-three cents' worth of silver bullion to the mint and obtain for it a dollar. This is unmitigated nonsenso. Free silver coinage opons the mints, not to producers alone, but to everybody, without regard to locality or Nation ality who holds or chooses to procure silver bullion. The privilege is uni versal, and every ounce of silvor iu the world can, at tho option of its owner, bo brought to the mint aud converted into American dollars. When two things are freely exchangable, one for the other, it i 3 impossible that there should be any - difference in market price between thorn. When with 371 grains of silver anybody cau procuro an American dollar, no one is going to pnrt with silver at any less price. Tho bullion value and tho coinage value must, therefore (a trivial allowance being made for cost of transportation), be equal in all tho markets of the world. Silver producers must always give a dollar's worth of bulliou for a coin dollar. It will make no difference to him whether he takes his bullion to tire mint or sells it in New York or London market. If ho mints it he will receivo American dollars, and if ho sells it in tho market he will reeeivo tho equivalent of American dollars. The assertion, therefore, that the rniuo owners, more than anyone elso, can obtain a dollar at tho mint for tifty tbree cents' worth of bullion or any amount of bullion worth in tho mar kets of the world less than one hun dred cents is pure fiction.—C. J. llill yo.v- in Silvor Knight. qUAMITY OP MONEY. It Has Everything to IJo With a Nation's Prosperity. The per capita or quantitative theory of money always bothers the goldites and they dismiss it with a reference to gold figures and sneer at their opponents. To deny that the prospority of a country ilopends large ly on tho quantity of monoy is to deny history. Locke, Rieardo, Lord Aver etone, John Stuart Mill and Jevons, all men of undoubted scientific knowl edge of tho monoy question, substan tiate the quantitative theory of money, that ihe quantity of money regulates prices, and hence business prosperity. There was more money in the country per capita boi'ore 1873 if tho gold men count all the money that was actually logal tender. Tho per capita was over SSO. But that was not all. Ia 1873 and np to 1875 over §3,000,000,000 of silver, tlio world's supply of silver coiu, was made dependent on gold, and just that much actual or primary money, hall tho world's supply, was wiped out ol existence. So great was this sudden contraction that disaster followed. Tho actual per capita of the United States to-day is NOT AS LARGE AS IT WAS IN 1873, even accepting tho golditc figures. In 1873 it was, according to thuir figures, 818.01. To-day, when everything issued with the stamp ol tho Government upon it is dependent on gold, there is but 8000,000,000 ol actual or primary money in the coun try. While silvor WAS legal tender it was discriminated against by the Cleveland administration, and it is NOT legal tender now. There is only about §350,000,000 in gold it. actual circulation counting the re serve. That means that tho per capita of money, basic or primary or uotual money, tho only kind that is wanted in tho world's business marts, is only about §5 PGR CAPITA. This is logical, and tho hard times of tho present art proofs of tho contraction. There are two other fallacies that the opposition coddlo as facts. One is that tho Government stamp has nothing to do with the VALUE ol money. Ask your gold friends what is responsible for the recognition ol token money as a medium of exchange. Government has lixed the price of gold and tho exchangeable price of silver. They claimthal Divine law has lixed the price of gold. Then tho English Houses of Parliament, the German Hoich stag, an-,1 tho American Congress havo fearfully transcended their preroga tivos. And the\>pposition speakers may bear this fact in mind : By rid iculing economic facts with egg, baby and cow arguments they cannot con vince unprejudiced men. Another pertinont feature of the question, nnd one that ought to sat isfy thogoldites of tho preoarionsness of their position in this discussion, is tho bond purchasing fact. If the quantity of money has nothiug to do with tho prosperity or stability of a country, why did President Cleveland issue boudß to get moro money? Why did ho increase the country's dobt by §202,000,000 when tho quantity of money has nothing to-do with pros perity or stability? Did ho do it to give tho Wall street syndicates enor mous profits? Did he do it to enrich syndicates at tho expense of the people of tho United States? THE DEMOCRAT does not believo it. And if he did not do it for that pnrposo then he did it to INCREASE THE MONEY SUPPLY. Why I do not goldito and Republican speakers talk facts? Because they would eon | vict thomsolyes of upholding the most I pernicious fallacy that was over foisted upon 1 a' people,— Madison (N. J.) I Democrat. TIIE SILVER SIDE. Wall and Lombard streets aro bit- Icrly opposed to Bryan—all tho more reason why those who oarn their own living should support him. Tho millionaire speculators who have been bearing stooks in Wall street by working the Treasury reserve apprehensions will find the people gun ning for them in the autumn aud tho guns will all bo loaded lor bear. If the people of tho United States are so universally in favor of "sound money" and bolievo in the doctrines of Sherman, Cleveland & Co., why does it cost so much money to mako them do what they want to do? If Hanua, Belmont, Morgan & Co. find it necessary to spend hundreds of millions to make tho people of tho United States vote according to their desires how much would it require to make them vote against their wishes? The Dollar of our Daddies is good enough for the American people. JGivo us plenty of silver and we eau at least proeuro the uecessaries of life, which is more than the massos now enjoyjun der tho boneficent. ruie of tho gold bugs. A few years ago we were told that God ordained that gold and silver should be money. If true, tho rascals who have been doing so much 'against oue-half of God's money will have a time getting a ticket at tho pearly gates! Why is it necessary for Hauna to expend millions, and why do all cor porations and employers of labor exert all tho poVvcr they have to make tho people voto "of their own volition" for tho gold staudard? For tho same reason that the highwayman uses a re volver to make his victim "willingly (?)" deliver up his money. MeKinley and his boss, Hanna, will persist in saying that the tariff is tho great ieaue. But Sherman's speech (reals tho money question as tho issue. MeKinley is lost sight of in the cam paign. It is Hanna and kind, paternal protection to laboring men, and John Sherman and protection and prosper ity tojEnglish capital and American millionaires. The mournful howl of MoKinlcy nnd others against stirring up class agaiust ciass is truly pathetic. There is no wonder that tho banking com bination which is prosecuting a most relentless nnd cruel war agaiust labor aud .production and which has pro duced univorsal distress would bo glad to escnpo observation, fearing tho in dignation of tho people. Wo beg pardon for suggesting that "no chief ever felt tho halter draw with good opinion of tho law." There can be but one question while English financiers rule this country, and that question is, Shall the United States legislate for the people of this country or must wo submit to foreign policies nnd foroign legislation? If tho Unitod Slates cannot maintain nn independent financial policy, wo are a dependency of Great Britain, and un til that question is settled, there is no other question of the slightest im portance. If wo trust our finanoes to Great Brilaiu, we may as well trust everything else to her, because who evor governs the financiers of the country, governs the country.—Silver Knight. The Bryan Dollar. Tho silvor dollar utidor the proposed free coinage act will he as great in purchasing power as the present dol lar. We aro opposed to a dishonest dollar. Those that charge that the fvao coinage dollar will not be worth the face valuo are begging the question. Wo assert tbat it will. The ratio pro duction between silver and gold is now in the proportion of 10 to 1. The quantity of silver to be marketed is sixteen times that of gold. Liostoro to silver its function as money and its coinage value will bo in the same proportion. The commercial value of silver will, by reason of tho increased demand, become tho satno as its coinage value, aud will bear the same proportion to tho commercial value of gold as the quantity of silver produced bears to the quantity of gold produced. Bryan and the Democratic party are not wedded to a ratio which would prove impracticable. It would bo impolitic now to conoede the possi bility of the bullion value of silver not rising to its coinago value. But in caso it does not, we are assured, aud we feel oonttdont that such safe guards of legislation will bo enacted as will insure the parity of both metals. Of the ability of tho Government to insure such a parity there can be no doubt. It is notorious that the pres ent silver dollar, which contains only filty-threo cents' worth of silver bul lion, is equal iu purchasing power to a gold dollar, which contains a hun dred cents' worth of gold bullion, be cause of the credit of the Government. To tho enactment of such legislation, in case it becomes necessary, as will insure tho continuation of this wo are unalterably committed. —New Vork Suburban. What Demonetization lias Dene. Tho demonetization of silver has cheeked our advancement as a Nation, and brought us under tribute to thieves: but if wo succeed in scouring its romonotization, tho wheols of pro gress will turn again, and tho people will arise in their might, "like a young giant refreshed with new wine."—Sena tor Jones, iu Arena. Ilnn't expect much from the r.inn who Is always talking about liow much tie would give if lie liad'WJilie other uyiuis purse. FLEET-WINGED CARRIERS PIGEONS THAT ARE TRAINED TO CARRY WAR DISPATCHES. Ilow tlio Birds Are Taught—Mystery of Their Unerring Flight—A Quick Trip From Chicago to New York. EXPERIMENTS were tried by a signal corp3 at the recent State enoampment in Michi gan by sending carrier pigeons to Detroit with dispatohes. In tho four or five trials the birds brought the messages a distanco of forty-two miles in the average of an hour and ten minutes, aocording to tho Detroit Free Press. It might seem to some to bo a new departure in military worlt, but it 3 origin is buried beyond the records of history. For centuries back the peace ful dove has played an important part in the ware and politics of the world. \H long ago as the reign of Rameses 111., King of Egypt, tho oarrior pigeon eras used in conveying important dis patches from one point to another. It is even thought by some that Noah's 'dove," which flew ail day over tho sheerless waters, was a carrior. Cer tain it is that the Egyptians made jood use of this method of conveying nteliigence from remote parts of the tlugdom. Frequent allusions to the carrior are nade by the classic writers of Greece ind Rome. A Roman of means, in ;oing to the market place, took one of these birds with him in a basket, so that ho might send home the names of the guest 3 whom he invited to dinner. Messages were Bent in this way to tho laraocns in their wars with tho Chris tians. Communication was thus kept ip between tho people in besieged lities and allies without. In China, Turkey, and, in fact, all Eastern coun tries, the use of the carrior is stjll one >f the customs. During the wars be ween Franco and Germany this was, n many oases, the only means of com nunication. In the siege of Paris, it s said that 25,000 of tho birds were ised. The Germans employod hawks, is the Saraoeus had falcons, to destroy .hem. Now, however, it is more for amuse ment than as a means of useful com munication that tho carrior pigeon is lultivated. In Belgium, pigeon flying s one of ths greatest of the National imusements. Raoesareheld, at which from ten to twenty thousand of the birds are liberated, and great crowds >f people assemble to see them start in their journey. The course is from 3fty to 500 miles, according to the ge of the birds, aud the distance is !ometiime3 covered in remarkably fast time. Very few persons know that there is, in this country, a National associa tion, or league, of homing clubs. Nearly every large city, from New (fork to San Franeisoo,hasone or more slubs that have for thoir object the raising and matching of fast birds. It is a wonderful power that the car rier has, of finding its home, though separated from it by hundreds of miles cf unknown country. Some have called it instinot, and others say that it is a matter of sight and memory. It seems to be both. Certain it is, at ny ruto, that tho carrier is very in telligent, and has a good memory and remarkable power of sight. On tho ether hand, it oan see, at the most, a distance of seventy-five miles from its oxalted position in midair, whiio 200 miles of country, hitherto unseen by tho bird, is often given to it for a course. The education ot the carrier is be ?un when it is four months old. It is first taken just outside the loit and allowed to make its way back to its uest. It is then taken a distance of one or two blocas away and again lib erated. It often happens that the bird will take a long time to find its home on this trial, but on the next at the same distance it will rise a little way in the air and then dart straight for the nest. The distance is gradu ally increased until the bird can find its way home from two or three m'les away. Then begins a regular scale of flights until 500 miles is reached. The carrier's flight is very swift,the average being over forty miles an hour. Several birds in this city have flown 300 miles at the rate of over Bixty miles nn hour, and there are well-authenticated cases in which a speed of ninety milos an hour has been attained. This, however, is with the help of a good breeze. As night comes on the pigeon rests on some tree or in some plowed furrow, but at the dawn it is away again on its swift career. It Eomotiuies happens that a pigeon misses the right direction in its flight. When it finds this to bo the ease, in stead of flying around until it sees somothing familiar, the carrier goes directly baok to the starting point and tries again. The carrier is not fond of flying over water, perhaps beoause there are no guide marks and no resting plaoes. A large number of Now York homing pigeons were liberated at the World's Fair. All but one soared around for awhile aud then started down Lako Michigan, following the shore. The one exoepliou flew to the top of one of the high buildings, where it eat for fully ten minutes and then shot oil eastward, directly aoross the lake, This bird made the flight to New York in thirty-six hours. Very often the pigeons lose their way and never reaoh homo. The fanoiers ere desirous of getting rid of those birds, as either their flight is not strong or their in stinct weak. Only the swift, strong birds are kept, and the greatest care is taken in bleeding them. "Willie Taddells," said the school teacher firmly, "you have a pieoe of ohewing-gum in your desk. Bring it to me instantly." "Yes'm," replied Willie, "but it ain't the flavor you uso. Yours is orange, an' this is win tergreen."—Harppex's Bazar. Logt Recipes, During the*last two centuries even thero have been recipes lost. For example wo cannot now make china as they used to make it. A pieoe of im itation Crown Derby could instantly be recognized as such, first, by the color, which cannot now be repro duced, and, secondly, by the glaze whioh tho old potters need, and of which the recipe is entirely lost to us. Tho same applies to Lowestoft, Bow and Chelsea waro--the glaze cannot be reproduced. For a long timo it was not known how cameo Wedg wood was made, and when that was known the question arose, How was the Portland vase —now in tho British Museum, and the only specimen of that kind of ware known—made? It was not made on the same principal as the Wedgwood ware, for although .To siah Wedgwood tried, ho could not reproduce work anything like the or iginal vase, tho cameos on which stand out as sharply as the moon in'a cloud less sky. Certainly tho artist which produced tho Portland vase had a recipe whioh is now lost, for not the slightest idea of how it was made ex ists, nor can even a reasonable theory bo evolved.—New York Post. Martial Music. A question which has been agitating tho military critics of Europe is in what way music assists the soldier on the march. All men, it is claimed, having any appreciation of music feel arompted to Btep in time (to a march tune. Music on the march therefore sub •titutes a new and pleasanter stimulus to exertion for tho monotonous and lomewhat dreary work of kooping place in the ranks. It is well known that weariness is, as a rule, more a natter of mind than of body, and that the musoles of tho body do not tiro half so soon as the nerve centres whioh move them. Music, by bringing a fresh nervo centre into play, will often, it is held, banish all sensu of weariness, and will even sometimes afford rest to the usual nervo centre, so that when the music ceases tho eoldier feels fresher than before it begau. Why men's limbs should tend to movo to inueio no one knows, but it is practically tho samo thing as danoing, and isbelioved to have to do with the instinot nil men display, which urges them to associate with what is beautiful in naturo and art.—New York Journal. Chinese Buttons. Has tho button crazo been holped by Li Hung Chang and tho fashion for things Chinese? Buttons play an im portant part in the dress of Chinese mandarins. Those of the first and socond class wear a button of coral rod, suggested, perhaps, by a cock's comb, sinco the cock is the bird that adorns their breast. Tho third class are gorgeous with a robe on which apoacock is emblazoned, while from the centre of tho red fringe of silk upon the hat rises a sapphire button. The button of thy fourth class is an opaque, dark purplo stone, and tho bird depicted on tho robe is the pelioan. A silver pheasant on the robe and a clear crystal button on the hat are tho rank of tho fifth class. The sixth class are entitled to wear an embroidered stork and a jade stone button; the seventh a partridge and an embossed gold button. In the eighth the part ridge is reduoed to a quail and tho gold button became plain, while tho ninth class mandarin has to bo content with a common sparrow for his em blom, and with silvor for his button. —New Yrok Journal. (■real Names Die Soon. It is a curious fact, one which does not appoar to havo received tho amount of attention it deserves, that a large proportion, perhaps the ma jority, of our greatest men have died childless, and of those who had chil dren a large number predeceased their parents. Few of the great names in literature, science or art avo to-day borne of direct descendants. The families of Chaucer, Shake speare, Spenser, Milton, Cowley, But ler, Dryden, Pope, Cowper, Gold smith, Scott, Bryon and Moore are all extinct. There is no direct descend ant living of Sir Philip Sidney, Sir Walter Baleigh or Sir Francis Drake, Cromwell, Hampden, Monk, Marl borough, Clarendon, Addison, Swift, Wulpole, Chatham, Pitt, Fox, Burke, Canning, Disraeli, Baoon, Locke, New ton, Day, Gibbon, Macaulay, Hogarth, Joshua Reynolds; all these are reminiscences, not one of them being borne by a descendant. And in thoso cases where tho name is yet extant it is borne by a collateral relative, or has been adopted by a distant connec tion.—Golden Penny. A Camel's Speed. In spite of its having carried Mo hammed in four leaps from Jerusalem to Moooa, seven miles an hour is the camel's limit. Nor can it maintain this rate over two hours. Its usual speed is five miles an hour —a slow pace, beyond which it is dan gerous to urge it, lest, as Asiatics say, it might break its heart nnd die liter ally on tho spot. When a oamel is pressed beyond this speed, and is spent, it kneols down, and not all tho wolves in Asia will make it bulge again. The camel remains where it kneels, and where it kneels it dies. A fire under its nose is usolcss. Loudon's Tower. The tower of London was built at various periods. The whito tower was built in tho time of William tho Con queror. Grandulph, Bishop of Roches ter, was the architeot, and began it about 1018. In 1096 William Rufus oommonced another castellated build ing, known as the tower of St.'Thoma=, under whioh is tho "Traitor's Gate." Henry 1. oompleted it. '. HOUSEHOLD AFFAIRS. A CULINABX HIST. One question often asked teaohers of cookery is: "What makes pies run over?" Probably the most common cause is that the plates are not deep enough to hold the juice and steam. With a deep agate plato there is little trouble. One device recommended by a good authority recently is to insert a little funnel of stiff paper in an open ing in tho crust, thus allowing the Btoam to escape. Better still, leave sufficient opening in upper crust in the beginning. HOW TO WEIGH WITHOUT SCALES. Those who would like to test some new recipe not infrequently find them selves perplexed to accurately do the measuring and weighing required. This schedule of equivalents will in such cases be found very .helpful: Wheat flour, one pound is ono quart; Indian meal, one pound two ounces are one quart; butter, when soft, one pound is one quart; loaf sugar, when broken, one pound is one quart; ten eggs are one pound; flour, four pecks are one bushel; sixteeen largo teaspoonfuls are one pint; eight largo teaspoonfuls are one gill; four large teaspoonfuls are half a gill; two gills are one pint; two pints are one quart; four quarts aro' one gallon ; ono common-sized tumbler holds half a pint; a common-sized wineglass holds half a gill; a teaoap holds ono gill; a large wineglass holds one gill; n tablespoonful is half an ounce; ten drops are equal to one tea spoonful; four teaspoonfuls are eqnal to one tablespoonful.—Boston Tran script. THE TRIPLING EXPENSES. It is the trifling expense that must be looked'after if n housekeeper in tonds to conduct her domestic affairs on lines of economy. The woman who knows how to handle a hammor, to mend and to contrive can stop many a leak in the family purse—eaoh small in itself, but often amounting to a largo sum in the course of a year. For instance: Certain kitchen utensils are usually thrown away as hopeless oases as soon as they are craokod. This is especially true of articles made of paper or granite ware. A high wind, aftor rolling a light paper tub about promiscuously, threw it against a stone, aud, to all appearances, wrocked it forever. But the tub was owned by a woman who had fow pen nies but original ideas, and she straightway wont to work to demon strate that, although mutilated, the tub was not beyond repair. First sho took somo putty and put this over tho holo and smoothed It down carofully, until it wns about the same thiokness as tho paper mace of which the tub was made. This wns then allowed to dry. (Pieces of stout muslin were then pasted over tho putty and a coat of paint was put over tho cloth to hold it, and to make tho mended part of the tub look like the rest of it. Sev eral coats of paint were added from timo to time, and the mendel place is probably tho strongest part of the tub. Tho mending is a simple matter and the lime required was small. The same woman mends small holes in granite waro with copper rivets, care fully fitted aud hammered down.— Detroit Freo Press. BECIPES. tlrapes—-Grapes should bo rinsodjin cold wuter, drained in a sieve, and then arranged in a pretty basket; fruit scissors should acoompany the basket to divide the clusters. Celery Salad—Cut the white stalks of celery into pieces a half inoh long. To one pint of these pieoes allow a half pint of mayonnaise dressing. Dust the celery lightly with salt and pepper ; * mix it with tho dressing; heap it on a cold plate, garnish with white tips of the celery and serve at once. Do not mix the celery and dressing until you aro roadyto usotho salad. Breakfast Dish—Tako a toncupful ol freshened codfish, picked up flue. Fry a sliced ouiou in a tablespoonful of butter. When it has turnod a light brown, put in the fish, with water enough to cover it; add five ripe, medium sized tomatoes and cook near ly an hour; seasoning with a quarter teaspoonful of pepper. Serve on slices of dipped toast, hot. This is a very nioo dish. Meat Gems—Removo all pieces ol fat, bone aud gristle from cold roasl beef or pork that is very lean, and chop fine or put it through a moat cut ter. To one large cup of the chopped meat add an equal quantity of bread crumbs, half a teaspoonful of salt, a saltspoonful of pepper and a teaspoon ful of butter ; moisten with half a cup of milk and heat thoroughly. Then fill gem pans nearly full with the mix ture ; break an egg on the top of eaoh and bako until the egg is oooked. Cheese Cream Toast—Stale bread may be used as follows: Toast the slioes and cover thorn slightly with grated oheeso ; make a cream for five slices out of half a pint of milk and a tablespoorful of flour; tho milk should bo boiling and the flour mixed in a little cold water before stirring in. When tho cream is nioely oooked, season with a small half teaspoonful of salt an l one of butter; set the tosßt nnd cuoeso in tho oven for four minutes; then pour tho cronm over them. Broiled Slonk—Soloct a nice porter house steak ; have it out at least one and a half inches thick. Trim it and place it on a hot wire broiler. Put as near the flame ns possible /or a mo ment to sear the utside. Turn and cook moro slowly for ton or twelve minutes. Rub a warm plate with gar lic, and then put in a tablospoonful of butter, half u teaspoonful of salt, and dash of pepper. Put tho steak in this, turning it once or twice. Dish, nnd pour over what remains in the dish. Serve at onco.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers