Thursday, December 7, 1939. THE UNION PRESS-COURIER PAGE SEVEN Powers Depend On Battleships Monster Fighting Vessels Made Less Vulnerable To Air Attacks. WASHINGTON.—Despite the new factor of air power in naval war- fare, battleships still are believed to be the backbone of the navy in every ‘big navy” country of the world. A survey shows that al- though Great Britain has the larg- est navy, her shipyards are work- ing night and day to increase the number of her capital ships by about 50 per cent. The same is true of France, except that France seeks to add even more, about 99 per cent. Italy’s shipyards are found to be working to double the number of her battleships. The German navy seeks to add about half again as many as that country now has. Less Vulnerable to Attacks. The great strides that have been made in recent years to make such ships less vulnerable to attacks from the air are believed a prime reason for this situation, Rear Ad- miral William C. Watts, new com- mandant of the Great Lakes Naval Training station, asserts. This surge of reliance on the larg- est of the fighting ships is even more significant when the rising cost of these great floating fortresses is considered. According tv Capt. Jonas Ingram of the United States navy, “Of all combatant ships the battleship is the only one designed to stay and ‘take it.” Nothing else is tough enough.” For that reason, battleship® must keep pace with the increasing ef- fectiveness of shellfire and aerial bombs. Reg ess of cost they must have such heavy armor and SO many sepal watertight com- partments that they are virtually unsinkable. Cost Mounting Steadily, The battleships the United States is building today each cost 16 times as much as the American battle- hi built 30 years ago, and the t is steadily mounting. The to- tal tonnage of the latest type of American battleship under construc- tion is 45,000 tons. Its main bat- teries will carry 16-inch guns, and its anti-aircraft guns have been upped in caliber from three inches to five inches. It has been predicted by military authorities that naval action would probably decide a war in which Ger- many and Italy opposed Britain, France, and Poland. In total tonnage the side of the British and French empires is over- whelmingly superior to the dictator powers. Britain's giant armada to- tals 2,079,863 tons and France, with the second largest navy in Europe, has 815,000 tons. The tiny Polish navy is reported to amount to 16,500 tons, or one-third the tonnage of a single modern battleship. The Italian navy ranks third in Europe with 717,920 tons. Germany, which has had a short time to re- build the navy she lost after the World war, has 541,023 tons. Thus the empire powers have almost a 5 to 2 superi over the dictator powers In tonnage. Even if Russia should add her 29 German-Italian side, the Britain- France combination would be supe- rior by nea two to one. av Youthful Art Is Good, Asserts Head of Museum PITTSBURGH. — The youth of America is turning out some pretty good art these days, according to Dr. Andrey Avinoff, art connoisseur and director of the Carnegie mu- seum. Dr. Avinoff has been studying art produced by high school students for several years. He's a mem- ber of the jury which judges the annual exhibition of art by second- ary school students sponsored by a national magazine. “lI began to notice these young people sometimes produce work that approaches remarkable perfection,’ he said. ‘‘Some have a precocious ability on the borderland of the in- spired, comparable in many ways with professional artists. “America,” he said, “has pro- duced more fine art by its youth than any other country in the world. It is a fountain of youth, a brilliant outburst of talent. These American young people have extraordinary ability.” The Russian-born scientist prac- tices what he preaches. He already has purchased 40 paintings, prints and drawings for his private collec- tion of American art by adolescent youth. ‘The Old Maid’ Is Newest Dance Step NEW YORK. — Thy call it “The Old Maid,” but it’s really the wallflower dance. It’s a dance introduced at the national convention of the Dancing Mas- ters of America here recently. “The Old Maid” allows an unes- corted girl to cut in on a dancing couple. The three continue to dance together, the man in the middle with his arms around: the waists of the two girls. The three take their steps in the same di- rection—something like a chorus routine. ),5389 tons to the | PINCH OF COAL DUST CAN BE THE CAUSE OF A MINE EXPLOSION Washington.—A pinch of coal dust | that could be held between the thumb sion which would claim lives of thousands of men, the Bureau of Mines declared the other day. It explained the dust—much less would fit into the bowl of a well ca- ked briar pipe—mixed with a cubic foot of air—about a bucket full—will | form an imflammable mixture. “To explode,” the bureau said in a | report on collection of dust in coal | mines, “coal dust must be mixed with air in a comparatively dense cloud. “The coal dust-air mixture, when in contact with an open flame, ignites | with a violence proportional to the volative combustible matter in the coal as well as in proportion to coal | fineness, dryness and freedom from impurities. Although there must be a dense cloud at the point of ignition | there need not be any considerable | auantity of dust by weight or volume | to bring about a dust ignition and ex- | plosion. [ “By experiment it has been found | that a dust cloud of comparatively | pure fairly high voltage, finely divid- ed bituminous coal in the amount of | one-forieth of an ounce of coal dust | per cubic foot of air is about the | least dense coal dust cloud that will | propagate or extend an explosion. | This is less than two ounces of coal | dust to the linear foot of ordinary | coal mine entry. There are few of | any coal mine entries, rooms or pillar | workings in which there is not pres- ent several times this amount of | dust.” The bureau's report held that me- | chanization of mines had increased | dust in loading and cutting operation but on tne other hand has resulted in decreased accumulations of dust in cutting and loadir tion but on the other hand hz d in decrea- sed. accumulation in the haulage-w 2 “Unquestionabl ent and the most dust in coal mining ized methods of I “Hauling p most consist- | ific p ucer of lay is mechan- 1 and disseminat- es considerable du t the quantity ordinarily is not as five per cent of that produced by most types of machine loading or undercutting or overcutting generally hauling by mule | or horse produces greater air dustiness | than does hauling by either locomo- ! tive or rope.” The bureau, which has reiterated for years that rock dusting or atering practices should be used to allay dust, concluded its study with the state- ment that both methods should be us- | ed for full effectiveness. | It said: “Watering methods alone have fail- ed in the preventing of widespread | disasters in the mines of the United States chiefly because of neglect to | u great keep them in full effect at all times. “Rock dusting also has failed in some instances, even in mines that | have done more than ordinarily well | rock dusted where the work has been | done inadequately in some places® or | not kept in effect in some places or | under some conditions. | “Hence, neither rock watering alone will prevent mine ex- | plosions. However experience in the | United States indicates that a combin- ation of the two unquestionably gives | yn now known against of widespread explo- | dusting nor TALK ON YOUR HEALTH Some Sound Advice by Medical Ass- ociation on Heart Murmers in Small Children. Heart murmers in children, when reported, often give parents an agon- | izing pain in their hearts. { A large percentage of so called heart murmers are of no special sig- | nificance. Many are of only minor importance. | But a comparatively few are serious. | Heart murmers in children Seepe] for various reasons. There are cases in which the heart is abnormal. These abnormalities are present from birth and are known as congen- ital heart disease. Heart murmers occur not infre- quently in children who have had rheumatic fever or St. Vitus dance. Rheumatic fever may result in what is known to*the lay public as a “leaky heart valve.” Doctors call it rheumatic heart dis- ease. Ninety-three per cent of all cases of actual, organic heart disease in persons under 20 years of age in New England are of this type— rheumatic heart damage should be particularly guarded against colds or other infec- tions. When a child is said to have heart murmer, he should be examined by the family doctor to determine the importance of the clinical history and the condition of the heart. Many people with heart murmers live to happy old age after full, ac- tive lives. Heart murmers in children should be viewed sensibly but treated so as to give the child the minimum han- dicap. DO YOU KNOW? Finland is much concerned over the great number of goiter cases in | | { that country, in some cases as many as ten per cent of the young men of military age presenting enlargement of the thyroid gland. This condition is usually five times as frequent am- ong women as among men. Equal parts of ammonia and turpen- tine will remove indelible ink marks. and forefinger could start an explo- | MACKINAWS All wool plaids, water repel- lent. A practical gift for your boy sizes 16 to 20, (Second floor) $4.95 BOYS’ HOODED PLAID COATS 32 oz. woolens. Warm, geod- looking coat with zipper hood. Blues, greens, red plaids, sizes 6 to 20, $5.95 (Second floor.) BOYS’ 2-PIECE CORDUROY SUITS A corduroy zipper jacket, lin- ed and knit-grip fully lined knickers, partridge grey or brown, 8 to 16, $2.99 (Second florr.) # \ BO YS BETTER SWEATERS ® 5 Sporty two-tone color combin- A ations, sizes 24-36, $1. 49 8 (Second floor.) ps ST TS i SE TU Th P00 J 0 5 0 3 0 Ps FY ful of ha Moe 3 ~ Every Dept. brim- gems Christmas RA 1d Gifts — everything for the family and Nationally foods for your table. h known ‘Santa’ Calls Everybody to Glosser Bros., Johnstown’s Big Christmas Gift Store Practical Gifts for Less Money—Shen at this Popular Store and Profit by the Low prices! BOYS’ 3-PIECE SNOW OUTFITS Complete Outfit, lined double breasted coat, (Second floor) zipper and cap, sizes 3 to 8, ALL KINDS leggings, MEN’S JACKETS front and zipper front, sizes 34 to 44 (Main floor) Sperty, good looking. pockets. Zipper Leathers, woola, two-lines, all, sizes, pric- ed at (Main floor.) $3.88 TWO-TONE WOOL SPORT SWEATERS Sporty color combinations, full $1.97 CHRISTMA STORE Hours: $5.95 ® Daily 8 a. m. to 5 p. m. ® Sat., Dec. 9-16 (Open 9 p. m.) @ Thurs. and Fri, Dec. 21 and }] Z &f ou ¥ = 3 i MISSES’ 14 TO 20 i ? SNOW SUITS # Smart looking outfits with 2 double breasted coat, ski anklet pants and zipper hood, Navy, brown, green, $6.95 : (Third floor.) GIRLS’ FUR TRIM COATS Dressy and sporty models in princess, reefer, boxy types. French beaver trim, sizes from 7 to 16, $7.95 (Third floor.) se t R GIRLS’ PLAID ¥ RAINCAPES 9 Every girl wants a raincape, 4 bright plaids with hood, sizes Y 8 to 16, 1 ¥% (Third floor.) $ & i i ¢ i ¥ § i Wf ¥ i i i J 22 (Open till 9 p. m. ® Dec. 23—Open till 6 p. m. WOOL AND PLAID SNOW JACKETS $3.95 PARKER-WILDER SKIRTS In plaids and solids, sizes 24 es $1.95 (Third floor.) Warm as toast, sizes 12 to 20, (Third floor.) re GIRLS’ 8 TO 16 SNOW SUITS Pretty color combinatiens, all- wool snew cloth, zipper jacket, : £ EEN EE mW MISSES’ REVERSIBLE RAINCOATS Tweed side for clear days, ga- bardine side for rainy days, Siz- es 12 to 20, $9.95 (Third floor.) Sl hs th ) - $7.95 ' PERCE PO Ba
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers