JFarm and Garden IRRIGATION UP TO DATE. Great Deeart Area Mad Arabia In Re--cant Yaara. In America Irrigation was practiced thousands of years ago by the prehis toric town building Pueblo Indians In New Mexico and Arizona. The first systematic application of irrigation to be made by the whites In the United States was Inaugurated by the Mormons on the shores of the Great Bnlt lake In 1S47. The Mor mons found Utah anything but the promised land for which they had hoped. From necessity they resorted to Irrigation and soon made the barren site of Salt Lake City one of the most prosperous cnuununltles in the west. . A few yeurs later the placer miners In California utilized their plncer wash- COKTRUmi( AW IRMOATION HITCH lng streams for . Irrigation purposes and raised large crops of vegetables and grain. Uowever, Irrigation did not make any extensive headway until the civil war . and during the early seventies, when the great tide of Im migration turned toward the west. In 1870 only about 20,000 acres of land were cultivated by Irrigation in the United States. In t!-e next ten years this number .was Increased to 1,000,000 acres. During the years between 188O00 Irrigation experienced a great boom, and the number of acres in creased to nearly 4.000,000. In 1902, the last census, the acreage was P.034, 520, mid each month sees thousands of acres added until the total Is nearly 15,000,000 acres today. Among the great Irrigating engineer ing feats of this country Is the won derful Strawberry valley project at Vernal, Titan, now under way, where a storage reservoir will be built to ' hold 5,000,0OO.U0O gallons of water, aqd a tunnel three and one-half mjjes long Is being cut through a mountain. The work Is being done by electrically drlv en tools, and when completed the wa ter will first be used to generate elec tricity for lighting and power purposes and then for Irrigation. The entire electrical equipment for this plant was furnished ly the General Electric com pany. The Wllllston (N. D.) project and the Buford-Trenton project In the same state are operated entirely by electricity. The current Is generated by Curtis steam turbo-generators and Is used to drive the large imotors con nected" with the centrifugal pumps. Another system has 'been Installed at Garden City, Kan., and still another at Salt Lake, Aril. At the last named vP'-ace the vertical shaft General Elec tric generators are directly connected to large water wheels for generating the current. The amount Appropriated and ex pended by the government for Irriga tion from 1901 to the close of the fis cal year ended June 80 last Is over $37,000,000. The Irrigation act gives the secre tary of the Interior very wide latl- COMPLETED IRRIGATION DITCH. i tude in the Investment of this large 1 fund, although he is required to spend ! the major portion of the fund arising i from the sale of public lands within ' each -state or territory for the benefit of Its lands so far as practicable. Turnip Taata In Butter. The following Is from a German ag ricultural publication: - The milk from cows fed on turnips has a peculiar odor and taste. Ap parently some volatile product from the turnips gets Into the body fluids of the cow and thus affects the milk. This fault may be corrected by warm ing or aerating the milk. But, besides this, certain organisms, as coll bac teria, Actinomyces odorifer, Penlcil Hum brevlcaule and lactic acid bao teria, which are found in the faeces of ows fed on beets or turnips, also produce the turnip flavor and aroma In batter made from milk or cream in which they are present The turnip taste of batter may be due to both of these, canaea together. Butter may have the turnip flavor and aroma, however, even when no turnips are fed, as coll bacteria causing the taste are found also on oats, barley, corn, rape and other feeding stuffs. Pus tsurltlng the milk, with nbsequent aeration, la recommended as a means Of preventing the development of tb turnip flavor In butter. ' LAND POISONINGS." Something Needed to Dsstroy Toxle 8eeration of Roots. No one knows so well the practi cal farmer how rapidly a naturally fertile soil may be exhausted ty culti vation. In this country the tobacco lands of Virginia afTord an, example of this rapid decline In fertility. The abandoned New England farms, too, help to illustrate the effects produced by the constant cultivation of fbe same fields. Land that once yielded crops as lf'br inaglc now requires an artifi cial preparation before It will reward the farmer for his strenuous labor In the field. Sir Oliver Lodge, the eminent Eng llali anlontlnt Is rerWtMl to have ex pressed his belief In the theory oi the poisoning of the cultivated lands of the world. The advocates of this theo ry believe that the systematic rotation of crops Is needless. They believe thirt It Is Impossible to exhaust the ground by a crop, as the food supVlh's In the soli are too great to admit of such a result. Other causes, therefore, must underlie the failure of a crop In what was once fertile soil, and, according to the believers In the theory, this fail ure Is due to root poisoning. Accord ing to the poisoning theory, a crop does not do so well when It Imme diately succeeds another of the same sort because it excretes an active poi son which Is destructive of its own germs. Artificial manures are recom mended not so much as a food for the plant as a remedy against these root poisons. Very thorough Investigations' have, however, recently been carried out at Rotbamsted, perhaps the most effi cient scientific farm in the world, which tend to show that adherents of the poisoning theory have not yet suc ceeded In fully proving their case. If this theory be true manures in the true sense will no longer be necessary, but something to destroy the poisons excreted by the plants will serve a more useful purpose. .As the root poi son Is admitted to exist In small quan tities only, the treatment of land by any new process looking to this end should lie much cheaper than under the present system of fertilization. A Serviceable Cement Silo. The accompanying Illustration shows a picture of 0 cement silo 18 by 40 feet, eight feet In the ground, which brings the bottom on a level with the A CEMENT BLOCK HtLU. cow barn floor. This is probably the best and handsomest silo in Missouri. Re-enforcement was put in, in the form of barb wire In the mortar joint between each course. Blocks were 8 by 8 by 24 inches and made on face down machine, which -made It possi ble to use 1 to 1 mixture for the face one-half Inch thick. Belt courses are made by mixing red mineral paint In this facing mixture. A silo thirty feet high and twelve feet in diameter will hold about eighty tons of silage and will feed twenty one head of cattle 180 days, and It will take about eight acres of average corn to fill It. If the diameter Increases to sixteen feet it will hold 120 tons to feed thirty-two cattle and hold twelve acres of corn. A silo thirty feet high and twenty feet lu diameter will hold 185 tons, feed fifty head of cattle and require eighteen acres of average corn to fill It. A silo thirty-six feet high and twenty feet In diameter will hold 235 tous, feed sixty-four head of cat tle 180 days and will require about twenty-four acres of average corn. It Is better not to build more than twenty feet In diameter, and It Is bet ter not to build less than thirty feet In height. You need the height to get the pressure to condense the silage Into as small a space as possible. Twenty feet In diameter Is handier to All and handler to empty than a larger silo. ' Saving Corn. I The annual slump In hogs has como earlier than usual this year because corn matured early and the hogs are . being finished up with as little of It as possible. The light average weight of me nogs marketed Indicates this, and o does their quality, which Is Inferior. Everywhere there seems to be a dispo sition to save corn. This Is all right as far as It relates to the economical use of It, but there may be false econ omy In corn as In everything else. The man who rushes bis pigs to market to ave corn Is in all 'probability prac ticing false economy. He to likely to find that he could have marketed both pigs and corn In one car later on to better advantage. This early slump may Induce those who have not mar keted their hogs to keep them back, make them good and In the end do bet ter with them than If they shipped now. Unlets something checks this false economy of corn that grain Is going to coma to market In too liberal quanti ties for the -good of price. 1 v BCTI3 TEMPERATURES. Zero Weather lis Regarded as Mild and Agreeable. According to ((1111116111 orotic -explorers, physical senwitlons are relative, and the mere enumeration of -so many degrees of heat or e0ld gives .tin 1I0V11 of their effect upon the f stein. One explorer "states that lie should hare frozen at home 'In 'England itn a temperature that he found 'very com fortable Indeed In Lapland, with Jits solid diet of im-iit and butter and 'bis garments of reindeer. The-following Is a correct scale of the physical effects of cold, calculated i for the latitude of 0.1 to 70 degrees j 'north: ' I Fifteen degrees above nero unpleas antly 'wnrm. Zero-wild and agreeable. Ten degrees below nero pleasantly fresh and bracing. Twenty degrees below sero sharn. but not severely cold. One must keep snc's fingers and toes In motion and rnh one's nose 'occasionally. Thirty degrees below r.ero very -cold. Particular care must be takeu of the nose and extremities. Plenty of the fattest food must he eaten. Forty degrees lielow aero Intensely cold. One must keep awake at all haz ards, muffle up to the eyes mid test the circulation frequently, that It may not stop somewhere before one1 knows 1L Fifty degrees below zero a struggle for life. Chicago Itecord-IIerald. PETTING A HORSE. tf You Want to Please Him Rub Him Between the Ears. "Not many eople know how to pet a horse, from the horse's standpoint, at' any rare." sakl a trainer. "Every nice looking horse comes in for a good deal of petting. Hitch a fine horse close to the curb ami you'll find that half thajiien, women and children who go. Jy will stop for a minute, say 'Nice horsy' and give him an affec tionate pot or two. - "The trouble is they don't pat him In the right place. If you want to make a' horse think he Is going straight to heaven hitched to a New Tork cnb orlpllvery wagon, rub bis eyelids. Next to that form of endear ment ff'horse likes to be rubbed right up between the oars. In petting horses most people slight those nerve centers. - They stroke the horse's nose. While a well liehaved horse will ac cept the nnsal caress complacently, he would much prefer that nice, soothing touch applied to the eyelids. Once In awhile a person comes along who really does know how to pet a horse. Nine times out of ten that man was brought up In the country among horses and learned when n boy their peculiar ways." New York Globe. Queer Old Book Titles. These are some of the odd titles of old English books published In the time of Cromwell: , , "A Most Delectable Sweet Perfumed Nosegay For God's Paints to Smell At." "Biscuit Baked In the Oven of Char ity, carefully conserved for the Chick ens of the Church, the Sparrows of the Spirit and the Sweet Swallows of Salvation." "A Sigh of Sorrow For the Sinners of ZIon breathed out of a Hole In the Wall of an Earthly Vessel known Among Men by the name of Samifel Fish." "Eggs of Charity Layed For the Chickens of the Covenant and Boiled with the Water of Divine Love. Take ye out and Eat." "The Spiritual Mustard Pot to make the Soul Sneeze with Devotion." The Sailor's Pryr Book. "This Ib what yon call the sailor's prayer book," a seaman said bitterly as he kicked a holystone out of the way. ... "Why is It called that? Well. In the first place, It Is called that bo cause In using It, ,tn holystoning the deck, the sailor has to kneel down, and, In the second place, because all holystoning Is done on Sunday. Don't you know the chantey "Six days shalt thou work and do all that thou art able And on 'the aeventh holystone the decks and scrape the cable. "The stone Is called holystone be cause the first holystones were bltsof tombs stolen from cemeteries, it's got a pious, religious sound holy and prayer book and Sunday and all that but It Is when he Is using this stone that the seaman Is most profane." New Orleans Times-Democrat It Happened Before. A self made, self satisfied and self assertive Itinerant preacher was ex patiating to a college graduate on bis own eloquence. "Colleges," be declared, "ain't neces sary when a preacher's got a genuine call to the ministry. I'm thankful to say the Lord opened my mouth with out education'." "That's Interesting," returned his bearer. "Come to think of It, some thing like that happened several thou sand years ago In connection with Ba laam, wasn't ltr Circle Magazine. In a Nutshell. "Big talker," declared the Indn who bad been listening to a local can didate. "Heap scrap." "And whst If be Is not elected T" "Scrap heap." Kansas City Journal. All In His Haad. Instructor Mr. Smith, kindly name the bones of the skull. Student Smith Well, sir, I've got them all In my bead, but I can't think of their names just now..-Bohemian. Mo one loves the man whim be tears. -Aristotle, IT CLEANS THE SHIPS. Sailing Through a Voleane Crater In - the Aegean 8ea. In the Aegean sea a vessel may sail Into the top of a crater, and, though It Is hard to find anchorage there, yet a mere sail through Is appreciated great ly by captains, because It cleanses the bottom of the ships from marine growth. More than 2,000 years ago the Isle of Santorln was split In half by an earth quake, with the result that what was once the crater of a volcano Is now a crescent shaped harbor. Two glisten ing white towns of Thera and ' St. Nicholas are perched on the summit of the steep cliffs, whose dark and dismal line Is similar to that of the top of Ve suvius. Standing out agaliiRt the sky are large numbers of windmills, with many sails, arranged in a perfect cir cle. These are evidently employed for crashing the olives, which, along with the terraced vines, are the staple prod-, uct of the Island. The Santorln wine Is of excellent quality and Is highly ap preciated In the Levant. Between the main Island on the east and the smaller, Theresla, on the west, are the three small Kaumene Islands, all of which have como Into existence since the original earthquake, while the largest of the three was "born from the sea" less than 200 years ago, show ing that the center of the old volcano has still a certain amount of activity. The water In the harbor Into which the sulphnrous streams from this vol canic Island ratn has a peculiar prop erty which completely cleans off growths of every kind from the bottom of any ship. "Real 8porty" Woodsmen. The chief recreation of the woods men of the Puget sound country Is to go to town on Saturday nights. As n valley dweller explained: "They've got money, and 'hey just blow It In. That there Is the logger style of It. There's no places of amusement In the town They can go to the library rnd sit down or go to a hotel and sit down, but that don't suit 'em. No, they either get drunk or go to church. Some take In both. I've seen 'em at church pretty well loaded. 'Bout 'leven or twelve o'clock the; start for their camp. Most ly they hire a rig and go eight or ten fellers to a team. Oh, they're sporty! There's nothing too good for the log gers and, take 'em as a whole, they're the best class of men I ever run up against." Clifton Johnson In Outing Magazine-.. The Ruler. Facetious Friend (teaslngly) Well, which rules, you or your wife? Mr. Younswed (wl li hauteur) You forget we ciri afford to keep a cook. Balti more American. Old People Need VINOL It strengthens and vitalizes Vlnol tones up the digestive organs, aids assimilation, enriches the blood, and rejuvenates every organ in the body. In this natural manner Vinol replaces weakness with strength. We are positive it will benefit every old person who will give it a trial. It It don't we will refund their money. Stoke & Feicht Drug Company Reynoldsville, Pa. The First National Bank OP REYNOLDSVILLE. Capital and Surplus Resources . . Job H. ifAUCHBB, Pres. John H. Kaucher ' Henry O.Delble Every Accommodation Consistent with Careful Banking Learn To taulf you want to enjoy the pastries and sweet meats through the Holidays be sure and get a 25c box of NATURE'S HERB?, By doing so and taklnga tablet every otber night through the Holidays, you can eat all the rich foods you want to and feel good over It. Then remember you are taking the greatest blood cleanser tn the world, aa NATURE'S HERBS will positively take all the poison out of your blood, and take the aches and pains out of your body, and the stiffness and soreness out of your muscles much quicker and more effective than aoy other remedy on the market to-day. For sale only at Stoke & Feicht Drug Co.'s Drug Store, Reynoldsville, Pa. A. Carlson's Grocery Store, Prescottviiie, f. Joseph Bateson's General Store, Rthmei, Pa. ' Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The regular annual meeting of the stock holders' of the Citizens National bank of Reynoldavllle will be held In their bankln? rot;tn on Tuesday, Jan uary 12, 190!), at 1 SO p. m.. for the purpose of electing directors for the ensuing year, and for the transaction of any other business that may proper ly come before that body. J. W. Hunter, Cashier. One-fourth off on Ladles' coats. Blng Stoke Co. ' One-fourth off on Ladle' Furs. Bing Stoke Co. Subscribe for The Star, el a year. Men' 13.00 shoes for 12.25. See win dow display. Blng-Stoke Co. Want Column. Rates: One cent per word tor each and OTorTlnsertlon. FOR 8alb Three work borsesi will sell cheap. Inquire David M. Strouse. For Rent Eight room house on Main street. Inquire of T. D. Hoon. FOR Rent Five room house. In quire of L, M. Snyder. WE'LL-HAMMER IT Into your head. It possible, that we are the most dependable plumbers In the vicinity. Dependable not merely in the thoroughness of our work but also In our promptitude and reasonable charges. We employ only skilled workmen and use only the best materials. Having a practical and a scientific knowledge of sanitary plumbing In all Its branches, we belleye ourselves competent to undertake any class of work. C E. HUMPHREY Plumber Garment Dyeing and Geaning By James Pontefract West Reynoldsville, Penn'a Opposite P, R. R. Freight Depot. JUGHES & FLEMING. FUNERAL DIRECTORS. Main Street. Reynoldsville, Pa jjj IF YOU HAVE jjj Guns, Revolvers t I Talking Machines Or f ; Bicycles Needing Repairs tt You can get the work done by V leaving same at $ Cunningham's Jewelry ! Store, I will call there for work onre a week 0 fn, tliA ni vt. mnnth ... .. Tl V TL t ft $175,000.00 $550,000.00 OFFICERS J. O. Kino, Vlee-Pres. K. O. Bchdcksrs, Cashier - DIRECTORS J. O. King Daniel Nolan John H. Corbett J. 8. Hammond R. H. Wilson - Live Well NOTICE OF Application for License Order of the Court of Quarter Sessions fixing the time at which applications for liquor licensee may be heard, etc. And now, October 8rd, 1898, It Is ordained as follows: 1. That the third Monday of January, one, thousand eight hundred and ninety-nine, and each and every year thereafter, at nine o clock In Die forenoon of each day, (being the second Monday of the January term In each year,) be and the same Is hereby fixed as the time at which applications for license to Bell sulrltous, vinous, malt or brewed liquors shall be heard, at which time all persons applying or making objections to applications for said licenses may be beard by evidence, petition, remonstrance or counsel. 2. That licenses then granted shall take effect and be in force one year from the sixteenth day of February next following the granting of the same. a. Applications for places not heretofore licensed will be required to establish (I) the fitness of the applicant and (3) the necessity for such licensed place, and In contested cases not more than three witnesses on a side will lie heard on the question of the general character of the applicant and the necessity of the place for which a license Is desired. 4. Supplemental petitions' and remon strances in writing, also speclHc objections to the petition or bond of the applicant as well as speclHc charges made against him shall be reduced to writing and Hied In the case at least five days before the time fixed for hearing said application, otherwise they will not be considered, and no evidence will be beard In support of them, by the Court. This rule shall not apply to disqualifying causes arising within the Uve day&preceed lng the hearing. 6. No Hplritous, vinous, malt or brewed liquors, or any admixtures thereof, shall he furnished or Bold by any licensed vender between the hours of 10:30 o'clock, p. m., and 6:WI o'clock,-a. m of each day on which said liquors may otherwise be legally sold. 6. All orders and rules, or parts thereof, now In force, which may be Inconsistent with the foregoing; order and rules, are hereby rescinded. By the Court. John W. Reed, President Judge. The following applications for license to sell liquors have been II led In the office of the Clerk of the Court of Quarter sessions ofJefferson County for January Sessions, Retail 1. Jacob B.Sykes, residence, Sykesvllle borough, Hotel Sykes. 2. fc. C. Hufriugton, residence, Brookrllle borough. Hotel Ixmgvlew. it. C. E. Uadaker, residence, McCalmont township, Anita hotel. 4. John Jackson, residence, McCalmont township, lackBon house. A. W. W. Wiley, residence, Reynoldsville borough, City hotel. 8. 1'hllllp J. Allgeler, residence, Brook ville borough. The New Jefferson hotel. 7. Alexander Watson, residence, Wlnslow township, Hotel Big Soldier. 8. H. C. Replogle, residence, Brookvllle borough, Central hotel. 9. b. A. Hunter, residence. Brookvllle borough, New Commercial hotel. 10. Frank A. McConnell, residence, Reyn oldsville borough, Frank's New Tavern. 11. S huylt-r J. Emery, residence if alls Creek borough, Falls Creek hotel. 12. Oscar F. Hinerman, residence, Brook vllle norougn. tsroosvuie nouse. 18. David w. Naylon, residence, 4th Ward, Punxsutawney borough, The National hotel. 14. R. R. McKlnley, residence, Brookvllle borough, Union Hotel. 15. O. H. Barclay, sresldence, Washington township, Hotel Barclay. 16. Robert T. -mlih, residence, Sykesvllle borough, Hotel Smith. 17. Thomas Oreen and John Conser, resi dence, Reynoldsville borough, 1 he Imperial botel. 18. Tom Reynolds, residence, Reynolds ville boruugh, Mansion botel. 19 William I. Uooge, residence, 4th Ward, Punxsutawney borouxh, City Hotel. 20. Richard E. Clover and Harry U, Edelblute, residence, 4th Ward, Punxsutaw ney borough, Hotel t'anlall. 21. John Quiiillsk, residence, 8th Ward, Punxsutawney borough, The Parnell House. 22. Patrick J. Casey, residence, Falls Creek bjrough, Taylor Avenue hotel. 28. Jacob H. lluag, residence. 1st Ward Punxsutawney borough, Hotel Waveriy. 24. W. 8. Ross, residence, West Reynolds ville borough, Kosb House. 25. John J. Conrad, residence, Henderson township, Wayne house. 28. Samuel K. Barrett, residence, Sth Ward, Punxsutawney boruugh, Hotel Haley. 27. John Mansell and (ieorge Roberts, residence, Wlnslow township, Central hotel. 28. P. A. Hunter & F.L.Verstlne, agents for, trustees of and In behalf of the American Hotel, residence, Brookvllle bjrough, Amer ican hotel. 29. John C.Burns, residence, Reynoldsville borough, Burns House. 80. J. O. Edelblute, residence, Reynolds Tllle borough. National hotel. 31. Edward F. Lymao, residence, 1st Ward, Punxsutawney borough, Washington hotel. 82. E. E. Shaffer, residence, 1st Ward, Punxsutawney borough, Hotel Whitney. 83. T. E. Bennls, residence, 1st Ward, Punxsutawney borough, Hotel Bennis. 84. Mark 8. stringer, residence. Big Run borough, Hotel McOiure. 35. E. C. Rudolph, residence, Big Run borough, Hotel Anderson. 38. Lester E. Brown, residence, 6th Ward, Punxsutawney borough, Llndsey hotel. 37. Thomas Fleckensteln, residence, 3rd Ward, Punxsutawney borough, Continental, hotel. 38. Courtis A. Curry, residence, McCal mont township, Hotel McOregor. 89. John A. Donnelly, residence. McCal mont township, Park Hotel, a at 40. I). C. McClelland, residence, Wlnslow township, Hotel Hughes. BflSWF.BS.5 1. Magnus Allgeler, residence, Brookvllle borough, eprlng Brewery, Brookvllle, . 2. Brookvllle Brewing Company, poratlon, Brookville, Pa. d. Hernara scnneiner (resilience, runxsu tawney borough) and E B- Henderson, (resi dence, Brookvllle borough) doing business under the Arm name of The Elk Run brew ing Co. The Elk Hun Brewery, 2nd Ward, Punxsutawney borough. 4. Punxautawney Brewing Company, a corporation, Punxsutawney Brewery, 4tb Ward, Punxsutawney Lorough. WHOl.IS4I,a. 1. John O'Hare, residence, Reynoldsville borough. v 2. W. H. Heckendorn, M. Dougherty, John Zedek and Thomas McMlllen, doing business under the llrm mime of W. H. Heckendorn & Co., 1st Ward, Punxsutawney borough. Distillers. v 1. The Reynoldsville Distilling Company, a cornoration. at the dlstlllerv of th knvn. oldsville Distilling Co., In Winslow township, . county 01 jenuraon ana state or Pennsyl vania. Ctrcs 0. Blood, Clerk of the Court of Quarter Sessions. Brookville, Pa., December 30, 1008. -ft I Dr. F.S.DAVENPORT 1 Osteopathic Physician Matson Block Brookville, Pennsylvania ' Consultation and treatment In Rey- at noldsvllle by afpoitiiit only. If 5 you want my opinion and examlna- M J tlon of any chronic case, write me and y makesn appolnment for any noinuT y jg OB Thursday and t will call at your M . n at nrooaviue, fa. jjj m If you bare anything to sell, try onr Want Column.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers