Mnlbnll estimates tint ilie civilised ftations psy annually $111,700,000,000 for food. Secretary Colmrn, of the Kansni Board of Agriculture, declares that the farmers of that Htafo aro $10,. 000,000 richer than they woro n yenl fS. Tho Hultan has forbidden tlie use ol tbe bicycle in Turkey, mi the ground that it "is immoral and dangerous to the State." Homo enterprising maun facturor would probably lio able tc overcome bin Majesty's objections to the wheel by presenting liim with revised edition of "blcyelo lmilt fot two" bicycle built for a harem. u a genealogical way the funnieii) thing on record is thatMenelik, Negnf of Abyssinia, insists on his descent in a straight line from Solomon and the Queen of Hhcba, If this were qnes Honed the augUBt Negus would liave yonr bead out off, or if you hwtcd that there was a bar sinister somewhere yon might be impaled. There in, however, a noble family in France, th Counts of Noo, who show on thoir family blazon the Ark and that mont adventurous voyager, Noab, and they claim that veteran seaman as their re mote ancestor. - American labor is acknowledged to lie more efficient than the labor of any other country. We are fortunate in the possession of a class of skilled mechanics who are endowed with suf ficient brains and alertness to quickly master the most intricate machines. Our common school systom, which has been maintained for 100 years, has laid the foundation of superior average intelligence, and our numer ous excellent scientiflo schools and eohools of technology have given great opportunity to boys of a practical and mechanical turn of mind. . . . i . i Soys the Now York Times: A con temporary states that it is safer to be a. convicted murdorer in tho tJnited States than au innocent man, and submits these data as proof: Not one convicted murderer -in fifty is hangod or killed by electricity; of the men lynched a much Jarger proportion than 1 in CO was innocent. We have no 'means at band for verifying these figures, nor are we able to determine what proportion of the population are convicted murderers or what propor tion are unjustly executed. The con elusion, merely from casual observa tion, seems plausible; the logie is sound. Still, if it be uot too optimis tic, we should like some more data to guide us." After all, sohools are the greatest civilize, exclaims the New York Mail and Express. Secretary Bliss, of the Interior Department, reports 26,000 Indian children enrolled in the sohools last year. Tribal relations are being broken up and Indian lands divided Into severalty. The aborigine, how ever, has not yet been eduoated up to the point of holding on to the land, and as a consoquenoe it soon passes into the hands of his white brothers, notwithstanding the paternal restric tions thrown round him by the gov ernment. The Indian has not yet learned the necessity of promptly meeting taxes, and owing to his failure to come to time with respect to this exaction, a considerable amount of his lands, in Minnesota, passed from him last year. Until onr red brother learns that taxes are as certain as that other certain thing, death, he should have some special provision in law for his protection. One of the really valuablo products of the Government Printing Office at Washington is the annual report whioh George F. Eunz renders on tho yield of precious stones in the United States, declares the New York Sun. Mr. Eunz'a expert knowledge in this spec ialty has been for years at the service of the United States Geologioal ,Sur. vey, and thus becomes part of offloial . literature. The report for 1896, just published, contains a table of values aa represented by the various gemi discovered in the United States dur- ing the year. It is interesting to ob serve how the values are apportioned Here are a few items; Turquoise 40,000 Bappalre.. 10,000 Gold quarts 10,000 Tourmalins 8,000 Garnet .. 9,600 Baby.. 1,000 methyt 600 Tops 200 Opal 300 Emerald None Diamond.. Mods The list includes many precious minerals whioh would not strictly be Uated as gems, and the total value K'jnsd is a little under 1100,000. ta prominence of the turquoise iu the :?rloaa list is recent, the yield be i jj, Axijer as. Kew llnloo. THE UNCHANGING. Too (lent tliH hnur slip by Willi foot iintnrrylnift i Too soon In lout tint sky Of Hrn-renc.wlhR'MprlnK; Ton soon eomes Autumn's breath With presages of death. Vet, thniiKli ttie mil rose fnelo. Anil thn firmn Ileitis II" waste, Vi'spiiHci! nml tllaitrraymtt TliouKh ceaselessly wu haste t To our a I i 1(1 IhtIIiiki! Down the gray put In of ngei Thorn Is mn tliinit Hint Time, Thn Krenl all-conqueror, liny touch li "t with hi rliniv The fowl, trim heart of tier! flirt with I.ovii'k nsihoins. Thorn Youth perennial dwells. - Harper llanr. IskSkSkSksvsksvskSkSkSkTkl j Love Levels nil. ; Ts tliit the ferry?" The spenker was a lull, fnir girt, whose pain ft n t M u lieuntv was ac centuated by her mourning dress and blark lint, nml her inquiry wan ad dressed to a hnndsomo broad shouldered young follow in flannels who was fastening a boat up to the stops. As thn young ninii did not reply, the gill repeated her question. "Can you tell me, please, if thin U thn ferry?" Then he looked hnstely around, and as there wits nobody else in sight, he seemed to come to tho coiit-liiHiim that he was the one to whom the bidy was speaking. "I beg your pardon," he said, "I did not know that you were address ing nte. This is Twickenham ferry" "Thank you," responded the girl. "And will you' be good enough to ferry me over?" "With pleasure," was tho reply, aud stepping forward, to assisted her into the bout, shoved oil', and com menced sculling across tho river. When they arrived at the opposite bank, and, as the young lady vbs being assisted out, she asked: "How much do I owe you, plense?" The ferryman turned rather red and hesitated for a fow moments before be replied: "The fare is a penny, lint you had better pny when you come back." "I am afraid I shall have to," re plied the fair girl, looking in her purse, "for I have nothing less than a shilling." "Shall I expect you dow n this aftor noou for a row?" inquired the young man. "Very probably 1 think so,nnd,hy the by, v. lint's your name? Whose boat shall I nsk for?" "My nnmo is John, but my friends usually rail me Jack." "Very well, John, I shall be at the landing place about half-past 2.", And she walked away with that grace and vigor which are inseparable from a girl who has been brought up in the fresh air and athlotio surroundings of a country lifn. The half ' hour bad barely struck whon the young lady made her ap pearance atthe ferry. Jack was wait ing for her, and without any loss of time they got afloat and started up tbe river. This was a memorable day with Geraldine, for it was her first intro duction to the "Silvery Thames," and as she leaned back on tbe cushions in the stern sheets, the ripple of the water aud the songs of the birds com bined with the rhythmio sound of the boatsman's sculls to make sweet music, whioh she enjoyed in silence until they arrived opposite Tope's Villa, which Jack duly pointed out. "A grand poet!" exclaimed Geral dine, with enthusiasm. "Much overrated," answered Jack. "His brain was as crooked as his figure." "You have been misinformed," ob served Geraldine. "Of course, you have not read his 'Iliad' it is not a book that would appeal to you. But" "0! yes, I have," interrupted Jack. "And his 'Odyssey,' too. But I would rather read one canto from 'Childe Harold' than the whole of Tope's works." This led to a disputatious argument, in which Geraldine lost her temper, and was rude enough to say; "You are evidently an exarapliflea tion of the old saying that 'a little learning is a dangerous thing.' " "Well, I'm bothered!" exclaimed Jack, with a satirical Binile, "if that isn't a little too bad. For, if there was one thing that I was supposed to be good at, next to rowing, it was Greek." "Yon seem to be very well educated for yonr position in life," remarked Geraldine. "O, I don't know," answered Jack, and he added, quickly, "the free libraries are so convenient, you know. But I might return the compliment, and say that you seem very well read for a young lady." When they returned to tbe ferry Geraldine extracted her purse; but, as ahe was taking out the money, Jack aaid, pointing to Hammerton, the ferryman: "That is the person to pay, please. X am not allowed to take any money." After she had gone Jack said to the ferryman: . ' "Don't forget, Dick, if ahe should happen to make any inquiries, that I am only one of your assistants." "All right, sir." answered Dick, with a knowing look, "I won't forget." For tbe next month Geraldine went on the river every fine day, sometimes in the morning, sometimes iu the afternoons and those boating expedi tions were extended ou many occasions up the river to Kingston. Molesey, and Sunbury, and many an argument they had on literature and art for, at rule, their opinions on ilese sub jects were ilinmeti Icnlly oppositeas they drifted down lioniowsid bound. One afternoon they were returning down thn river when the conversation turned upon the wedding of a lady of iroperty in thn neighborhood, who ind recently married her conchiknn. "I'oor, iiiifot ttinnte womsiil" ex claimed Geraldine. "How bitterly she w ill regret it." "Why should she?" inquired Jnck. "Ilociiuse happiness is impossible with such an ill-assorted match." "How do you know they are ill assorted?" "Whyl thn man is only a common com lininii." "Hut you must remember that she lias married the mini, not thn coach man; and if they are fond of one another, why should they not be happy?" "It is Impossible!" exclaimed Oernl dine, "How can she a lady of birth and education-- have anything in com mon w ith a fellow like Unit- a hewer of wood and a drawer of water?" "Don't be too bard upon us," said .lack, half seriously, "ltemember that Homer was a slave, Burns a plowman, and your favorite, Pope, only the son of a linen draper." "Ah! but genius levels all things," replied Geraldine, with a smile. - "There is something else which levels all things," observed the young boatman, What is that?" "Love," answered Jack. "That glorious feeling which is the true philsophnr's stone, which glids the road of life, no matter how rough it may be; makes a dry crust with the object of onu's affection morn accept able than a feust without her; aud which sweeps away all distinctions of rank, as the running water washes away the dull earth and leaves the grains of gold exposed." "How eloquent you are this after noon!" remarked Geraldine, but her voice was tremulous, and it was evi dent that her playful sarcasm was but assumed. "What novel have you been rending?" ."Perhaps I am eloquent," replied Jack. "It has been said that all men deeply iu curliest are so, and this is a question that affects me to the bottom of my soul! In days of old .women mnri'ied men because they loved them, irrespective of their banking accounts or pedigrees. If a man was honest, brave ami honorable, he wus con sidered a match for any 'Indyo fuire,' and why should it not lie so?" "Times have altered," fultered Geraldine.hct usually pule face a rosy red; "and we have altered with them." "Not so," responded Jack. "Tho times have changed, I grant you, iud, iu many respects, for the min.i; but men and women are still the same. Indeed, so sure am I that this is the ease, that I am about to stake my whole future happiness upon it. I love you truly and devotedly. I have never loved before, and I shall never love aguin. Will you be mine? Will you trust yourself and your future happiness to me!" "(! this is unkind and ungener ous," cried Geraldine, her eyes filling with tears. "Yon should not you ought not to talk to me like this." "Why not? Out of the fulness of the heart , the month spenketh," answered the young man, and, leaning forwsrd, be possessed himself of one of her bauds. "Put on one side all disparities of rank or fortune, and ask yourself the question: 'Do I love him?' Geraldine, dear Geraldine, do not lot the cruel laws of society come between us and ruin the happiness of two lovers. Speak, darling, aud tell me you love me." ''Cau yon not see," cried the poor girl, commencing to weep bitterly, "it is unkind of you to press me further?" "I want to hear it from yonr own dear lips," persisted Jack. "I only want you to say, 'I love you, Jack, aud will be your wife.' " "Oh, I cannot." "Do you love me?" "Yes, but oh, look, there is my aunt!" exclaimed Geraldine. "Please put me on shore at once." Jack looked around aud discovered an old lady watching them intently from the towing path, and, turning the boat's head, be sculled in to the bank, saying, as he assisted Geraldine to laud: "I shall call upon you in the morn ing." He did so, aud was informed by the servant that the family had gone away early that day.and had left no address, as they were going to travel on the continent. It was the middle of the London season, and Lady Althorpe's rooms were crowded with the youth, beauty and elite of. the aristocracy. Bustling up to Geraldine, the energetio little hostess exclaimed; "Don't move away for a minute, dear, I want to introduce Lord John Jasper to you. A most eligible parti, my dear. Ho haudsome, as rich as Croesus, aud so delightfully eocentricl Sets up as a woman-hater, you know, but if be resists you, my dear, why I shall give him up altogether." A minute after ahe had gone in search of his lordship, a well kuowu face caught Geraldine's attention, and the next moment Jack, the boatman, was standing in front of her. "At last!" be said, in a low, deep voice, while his eyes seemed to pierce ber through aud through. "O! Jack," cried Geraldine, "what are you doiug here?" "I have come to ask you to finish what you were saying to me when your aunt interrupted our conversa tion," replied Jack. "Ol but isn't it rash of you f" said the pbor girl, half inclined to cry, "Suppose anyone should reoognize you? I should never forgive myself If you got into trouble through me. Do go away, Jack." "Tell me you love me, and I will leave you at once if yon wish it," answered Jack. "Ol I do 1 do!" exclaimed Geral dine. . "I never knew bow much until we worn pnrted, and now please go swny. Ol there comes Lady AW thorite." "Ah! Lord John, 1 was going to introduce you to Lntly Gernldine, but it seems as though you have met be fore," rippled the genial hostess. "Ah! yon sly thing!" "O! Jnck," cried Gernldine, when they were once ngain alone in the crowd, "why did yon do this?" "Ilecntise I wished to bo loved for myself alone, darling," whispered Lord Jasper. "And 1 bad given up all hope of it, when Providence brought its together at dear old Twickenham ferry." The Princess. BIG CHUNKS OF COLD. Koine. PmtiiHtiily t.nrgft SfitswMi tf Ilie Knlilell Metal. While tho nugget found in thn Blue Jay pocket by the Graves brothers is likely to become famous for its size and value, it is not, as bss been stated, the largest one known in the authentic history of mining. This nuggot stands, or rat Iter stood for it is now being minted for about $42,01)0, hut saying nothing of the alleged Chilian nugget, weighing 401) pounds troy, the "Wel come" nugget of Ballarat, weighing 2217 ounces 16 pennyweights, was sold for over 10,500, or nearly $.V2, 500. It is even a question whether the Graves nugget is the largest one ever taken from the soil of California. According to Hittell, a nuggot was found at Carson bill, Calaveras county, in November, 1854, which weighed 11)5 pounds troy, aud was worth over $411, 000. Between the two there is no great issue of values, but what there is appears to favor the earlier speci men. The first n.igget found in this state, the one which Marshall picked up, was worth but 50 cents, and the next one discovered but $". A soldier in Htevonson's regiment found the first large specimen, a mass of gold weigh ing between twenty and twenty-live pounds, while stopping to drink in a small allluout on the Mokeltimun river. This nugget was taken east, where its exhibition continued the stories of Cnlifornin wealth and added naturally to the public excitement there. In 1M54 thn "Oliver Martin chunk," which was auriferous ore mixed with white quart, was picked up near ('amp Corona, in Tuolumne county, in a hole which Murtiu had dug to bury a drowned comrade. It yieldod $22,270 aud became tho basis of a great fortune. In lHlil! Daniel Hill, a pauper, found a $14,000 nugget in Plumas county, and, coming to Suu Francisco, spent the proceeds quickly, $5000 being squandered in one week's whirl. With bis money all gone, he went to Dutch Plats, Nevady county, and whilo washing his bands in a stream saw lying on the.bottom a nug get of gold and white quartz, similar in size aud shape to a baby's head. This brought $12,300, and sent Daniel Hill through a curcer of debauchery to the poorhouse. The finds iu Inter years np to the Blue Jay discovery have not been of a notable sort. In the full of 18H9 two tramps, who had been put off a Southern Pacillo freight train, sturted to walk to Bukoratield, and found a battered nuggot weighing 210 ounces on the way. In lMiltl a chunk worth $1400 was picked up in Han Diego county, and there have been two or three discoveries ou the Mojave des ert. The majority of the finds have been accidental. San Francisco Chronicle. Beanls In Koine. The Roman barber, besides cutting the hair aud shaving the face, trimmed the nails and kept the fingers in order. The ltomau philosophers, with a scorn of fashion's mandates still common to their kind in the nineteenth century, affected beards of enormous length, which became known as the badge of their profession. Lucian mocks them for considering these as a mark ot wisdom. Hhaving actually became sacerdotal at ltome. One of the most important periods in the life of a Romau was when he celebrated his entrance into manhood aud assumed tbe toga virilis, marking the full rights of citizenship. In the religious rites that accompanied this observance the puerile face felt the razor for the first time; the cuttings of the adolescent beard were carefully inclosed in a waxen ball and conse crated to some divinity. When Nero assumed the toga, his youthful beard was shut up ina golden casket studded with pearls of great price, aud then offered to Jupiter Capitolinus. Hadrian, having a face full of un sightly scars, covered them witn a beard, aud was the first of the Komau emperors to wear such an adornment, setting a fashion that was followed by his successors. The majority of the Latin and Greek gods were represented with flowing beards; there was even a bearded Venus. Lippinoott's. Locks Arc Smaller. There is nothing which more illus trates tbe progress of scienoe and in vention than the decrease in size, weight and mechanism ot locks and keys siuco these instruments were first put in use for the purpose of keeping out intrusive strangers. Years ago these mediums to secret chambers were made of wrought iron, and wero of ponderous size and weight. The nineteenth oeutury, however,has made wonderful improve ments on these instruments. Nowa days a person may oarry a dozen keys in his pocket with ease that will open stronger and more intricate locks than the grotesqtto specimens which pre vailed iu the days of our grandfathers, Baltimore American. . ItpfnrhUliInK Milk WHlstn. A half worn light silk waist mny be very satisfactorily rebtirnished by striping it crosswise with black velvet ribbon, putting velvet ribbon around the plain collar bnnd as previously de scribed, and adding a tmw chemisette nock of lacn and velvet belt. 4ll llralnna In Jvwvlnil I'lns. Diamond sunbursts, turtles, and various large and odd designs In eweled pins decorated the collar band n many a sown. Not one. but three or four, were pinned somewhere on the fro' '. of thn bodice. Long chnins set do .y with a single row of dia monds were worn by the few, and dia mond earrings were confined chiefly to the ears ot elderly women. Infants' f.ona 'lnk. Infants' long cloak are made of cashmere, Bedford cord, China silk, fancy crepon and ttifl'eta silks, with single, double or triple capes, em broidered or plain, on round, square or pointed collars. A pretty cape is made with a silk-lined hood. Short coats for little tots one and two years of agn are of fancy figured materinl, white Marseilles, serges, linen crash, figured Bedford cord, fancy crepon, etc. A very serviceable coat is made of navy blue serge, with empire back. Lappets over shoulders, trimmed with embroidery. A full turnover collar with fancy edge. Full fronts fastened with three large buttons nt the top. More dressy is one of fancy crepon in pnle blue, with silk-lined collar and ruffle, trimmed with three rows of narrow hicn and baby ribbon, collar and cuff's trimmed to correspond. II nrfnony of Colors. Every onn must have observed Hint colors, when brought together, mutu ally set each other off to advantage, while othera have altogether a differ ent effect. This must be carefully at tended to by every painter who would study beauty or elegance iu the ap pearance of bis work. Whites will set off with any color whatever. Beds set off best with whites, blacks or yellows. Blues set off best with whites or yellows. Greens set off best with blacks and whites. Golds set off best with blacks or browns. In lettering or edging with gold, a white ground has a delicate appear ance for a time, but soon it becomes dingy. The best grounds for gold areHaxou blue, vermillion and lake. New Opening for Women. Women who are at the bead of thn employment bureaus of the different large city exchanges are doubtless re sponsible for many of the new open ings for women that seem to offer a fairly good chance of making a liveli hood. Many .people decry the com plicated household arrangements of today, but on the other hand this very tendency has given rise to the new professions for women, that of house hold managers, which was inaugurated last spring by two well known sooiety women, Mrs. William . Wilmerdiug and Mrs. Lewis H. Chose. The duty of "visiting household managers" con sists in the relieving of wealthy women of all household cares. Through them servants are engaged, rooms are re decorated, plumbing is made satis factory, while curtains, carpets, rugs, blankets, table linen are all kept in perfect order. A wealthy woman de cides to spend the winter in Europe with her daughter. She leaves every thing in the hands of the notified manager, even to the packing, and making a list of the valuables to be sent to the safe deposit company vaults. Perhaps during ber absence improvements are to be made and some rooms are to be entirely refur nished. Due notice of her return finds the house put in order, repairs made, servants eugaged, and every thing ready to welcome the mistress back, even to flowers in the vases aud dinner on the table. Beside the large business of household managers due to these complicated wealthy man sions, however, there are many other employments due to the same cause as the professional mender, duster and packer, clock winder, shopper, gardener, substitute, waitress or cake maker, Detroit Free Press. Old Garments Made New. A woman of wonderful resources has just discovered a new and very aure way ot renovating aud restoring to their former appearance spotted, oiled or faded cloth or serge gowns. Pick about 20 ivy leaves, young greeu ones by choice, wash them care fully aud place them in a jug or basin. Add about one pint of boiling water, cover up the basin or jug for two or three hours, when it will be ready for nse. Meanwhile the garmeut must be thoroughly brushed inside and out aud all untidy braid aud lining re moved from the bottom. When ready spread it on the table and carefully sponge with the ivy water. It must tbea be bung out to dry, w hen it will bo found to have recovered its former I color and to look quite like new. j Blnck silk may be cleaned in the 1 same man tier, but it needs more rnre. If thn silk is In breadths it must Im J lightly sponged and then tightly I rolled over a cloth wound round a roller and left to dry. Black lacn may also be ronovsted when soiled or brown with age by sponging with ivy water and then rolling over a cloth wound round a ' roller. It should not be ironed. To remove mildew stains mix eqnal quantities of soft soap and powdered starch with half thn quantity of salt; make Into a paste witii lemon juice. Lay this paste on each side of thn mildew stains and let the article lie out on the grass night and day until the stains disappear. Soaking the clothes stsiuod in buttermilk for a considerable time, then washing them in thn usual manner and finally leav ing them to bleach all night on the grass is an old fashioned country method which is effectual. Another i to make a paste of table salt and lemon juice and lay this thickly on the spots, which should have been previ ously wetted and soaped, the linen so treated being left in the open air to blench for several hours at least. The best element in any of these treatments is the night's bleanh. In towns where this is impracticable, the best thing is to make a solution of equal pnrts of chloride of lime aud ' common soda in boiling water one half pound each of the lime aud soda to three quarts of water dip thn stains into this for a few seconds till . they disappear, then rinse the article in boiling sonpsnds and send to the wash as usual. Do not let the articles, stay more than a few seconds in the . solution or it will burn them. When ever possible do not omit the night bleach. Chicago Record. Fashion Notes. Pique gloves, with one or two bnt toiis and heavily stitched, . are the fashion for street wear. Beautiful drawn work doilies have in the centre a butterfly made with fancy stitches on the drawn linen threads. ' At a photographer's where many pictures are made of pretty children and beautiful women a transparency is made with almost every dozen pic tures. The transparencies of the) children are particularly attractive, I but the beautiful bead of a woman, showing thn ontlines of the neck and shoulders, is charming. In the array of haudsome silks J lately received are delicate gray corded silks with dainty figures of rosea and I violets woven ou their glossy grounds; I white watered silks brocaded with 4 shaded carnations in delicate tones, and French silks in vivid coloriugs, I whose desigus are toned by a wonder ful film-like overweaving, which gives them a chine effect. Black moire trimmed very elahor- ( ately on the bodice with jet spangled silk muslin forms a very elegant and very popular gown for receptions, din ners aud afternoon teas. Many women who have tired of black satin have taken again to skirts of plain or flow ered black moire, wearing the bodices decorated as just mentioned, or with the popular fancy bodices of every de scription. Silk waists, fancy waists or extra waists, are just as much worn as ever, They are too convenient to be given up. Waists of this kind give great scope to individual taste, but the pouch or blouse in front must always be a feature, though it can be varied to suit the wearer's figure. The s blouse back is not meeting with mnch favor. The front can be very full ami quite long or just slightly draped. , A mink collar is made partly of I sapphire blue satin antique, very much plaited, so that it looks like a full ruche aronnd the neck; the mid dle part of the satin, which enables it to be more closely plaited. This col lar reaches over the shoulders; the front turns back in lung revers, faced with the mink and lined with the blue satin. The mulf is entirely of fur, but has gathered ends liued with the satin. Fashionable dressmakers, both here and abroad, are making most liberal use of beautiful artificial flowers that look exactly like nature's own, to decorate evening toilets,and not a few fichus and bodices are actually smoth ered with roses. Large, soft bunches wholly without foliage are aeeu on many full dress toilets, and denii- a trained gowna for bridesmaids are decorated with rose garlands, or the flowers are arranged in Empire dus ters down each side of the skirt front. An exquisite waist was of cerise . satin with a jet yoke, jetted black net draped iu tbe front, plain black net gathered into folds iu the back, collar aud belt of cerise volvet. Tbe collar . was a wrinkled stock with bos plaits of the velvet at the top of the stock and at tbe back, aud an inner ruff of of lace. The belt was drawn right around the waist iu wriukled folds. The sleeves were niousquetaire, of satiu, covered with plain net aud hav ing small pun's at the top, not aet on separately, but formed from tie sleeves.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers