URIGIN OF THE HELLO INVENTION OF THE TELEPHONE, A3 TOLD BY ITS AUTHOR. HYr. Itrll, I.lVn Ills F.thiT, Wu IntrriMitrd t:i rmirtnta Inntrnrt Tfrnt Mutra-Whlta F.ngKsrd In Thin I.ln nf Work tlio Trie lihone Was Sungi-nti-d to 1IU Mind. Thn story nf how tho tolpphnnn cnmo to be invrntrd vn told by Dr. Alexan der Ornhnm Bnll during hid nttfiiduiice nn tho mooting of tho Amorlrnn Asool ation to Promoto the Teaching nf Hpoeoh to the Deaf, held at Monnt Airy. Dr. Bcll'i father wan an elocutionist iu England mid well known an a corrrrtor of drfootn in nttrrnueo, a bin grnndfa ther had alw hern. His father had de vised method of representing thn ac tion of tho vocal organ by symbols, imilar to thnno used in chemistry. In like manner letters representing the va rious organs of speech, with flgnres at tached indicating the positions of those organs, would represent certain sounds or spoken words. A person placing his tongue, teeth, lips and palate in tho po sition indicated by a certain formula would produce a definite sound. The use of such a system for the instruction of deaf mutes was not overlooked by Dr. Bell's father, and experiments were made in a little school in London. Dr. Bell became interested in thn subject and developed a method of teaching the deaf to speak. His father had lectured in this country, and In this way the system had come to the knowledge of the deaf and dumb Institutions In Bos ton and of the prominent eduoator in that city, and In 1871 the board of edu cation invited Dr. Bell to see what he could do in the Boston School For the Deaf. He accepted the invitation and put the system in practioe there with very greut success, and it was intro duced in one institution after another throughout the country. Dr. Bell did not at that time believe it was possible for deaf mutes to under stand speech by looking at the mouth of the speaker. The mechanism of speech was, he thought, too complicated for that He therefore set to work to in vent an apparatus which would repre sent speech to the eye as it was spoken by throwing a picture of the vibrations on the screen. He commenced his exper iments with Koenig's manometrio flame apparatus, whioh, by means of a vibrat ing diaphram, stretched on a piece of wood divided into two parts, and a se ries of mirrors produced a band of light with wave effects, according to the sound uttered. Thn flame was too fee ble to be photographed. Dr. Bell then turned hit attention to another appara tus, called a phonetograph, in which was stretched a membrane, against which a person spoko and whioh car ried a little pencil over a smoked gloss, Which made a curved line that could easily be photographed. He made many hundreds of tracings, bnt unfortunatoly they did not corre spond with the flume pictures before described, and he attributed the trouble, to the clumsiness of the apparatus. He therefore mapped out changes in the construction of his phonetogTaph and thought he saw in his draft a rude, anal ogy to the construction of the human ear. Instead of bones actuated by a membrane, as iu the ear, he had a lever of wood moved by a mem br ana He therefore concluded to modify the shape to correspond with the human ear and went to a distinguished aurist in Bos ton, Clarence A. Blukn, who suggested his experimenting with an actual hu , man car. Dr. Blake got an ear and dis sected it for Dr. Bell so as to expose the membrane and the little bones. The doc tor attached a penoil to the bone called the malleus, moistened the membrane with glycerin and water and construct ed an outer ear. With this, beautiful traoings were made on the smoked glass. The tracings, however, were different from what he had before produced. While he was engaged upon the above line of search at the Institution For the Deaf, he was also developing an inven tion out of which he expected to make some money viz, an electrical multi ple telegraph, by which he could send many messages simultaneously over one wire. Dr. Bull simplified this apparatus greatly. He noticed that when half dozen were operating together there was a resultant eleotrical effect, and that bnt one sending magnet was neces sary to produce all the sounds. Further consideration convinced him that he could not only send any number of mu sical tones simultaneously, but sound f any kind. His familiarity with the nature of speech had taught him that . the term "quality of sound" meant really a chord of different musical tones having different intensities, and he could conceive how a sound of any kind whatever, even words, might be trans mitted if one of these reeds could be moved in front of an electro magnet in the jiesultant way in whioh the air it moved when a sound it uttered. Hit cxperimenti in vibrations had taught him the form of the sound waves. The problem was to make a mass of tteel vibrate in tho way the air doe. The problem waa in hit mind at the time he was making the experiments with the human ear, before described. The thought suddenly struck him that there waa a great disproportion in matt between the bones of the ear and the membrane that connected them; that these bonet were, relatively to the membrane, very heavy and very mass ive. Why, then, could not the piece of Iron or tteel be moved by attaching it to a heavier and stiller membrane, of the present telephone form. The prob lem waa solved. It will that be teen that the telephone waa the result of two separate lines of thought 81 Louis Globe-Democrat. lasapmbte XMttemlty. "What became of your women's de bating clubf" "We had to disband. We couldn't find girl who would act as chairman ad keep still while the rest of us talk- X "4hiUdfJphia North Amerioao. TURNING THE TABLES. Wanted Her tfnatmnd's Opinion About Many Trivial l'olnta of Dress. A certain up town Clovolandnr is the happy possessor of a marital interest in a very pretty and accomplished lady. Blio is fond of nice clothes and always looks well Crossed, and her husband is jnt as proud of her as ho should bo. But from a technical point of view he knows nothing whatever about her gar Mi'Utu, and it bothers him greatly when ihe assumes that he does. Bhe fires broadsides of questions at him when ever she is dressing to accompany him. "George, how does my skirt hang?" "Is it too long in frontT" "Docs my belt cover the plnsf" "Do yon think this gown is becoming?" "Is my collar down at thn back?" "Are there any wrinkles in this waist?" "Is my hat on straight?" These and a hundred other interrogations are fired at him at short intervals. If he doesn't pay close atten tion she get cross. So he protends to listen carefully, and answers glibly, al though always at random. The other day neat way of getting even dawned upon him. When ho was dressing that night for a party, he sud denly called hit wife from the adjoining room. "Alma," he said, "do you think these new trousers hang Just at grace fully as they should?" "Why. George," the said. " I don't know anything about it Why do you bother me?" "Hold on," said George, "I was wondering if this shirt bosom sits quite right?" "Of course it does," snapped Alma. "And these shoes do you really think they are becoming to my com plexion?" "What a silly question." "And hold on. Alma isn't the coat a little long in the tails on one tide, I mean and can't you pin it up?" "Why, George, I never heard yon talk such nonsense. Ton haven't been drinking, have you?" "And just wait a minute, Alma." He quickly raised hit silk hat from the dresser and clapped it on the back of his head. "Mow, dear, please pay at tention. It my hat on straight?" Then she understood hit wicked little game. They walked together in silence until they came within sight of their destina tion, and the deeply wounded Alma managed to ttammer : "Well, George, you mean old thing, it my hat really and truly on straight?" Whereat they both laughed. Cleve land Plain Dealer. "STONE OF SCONE." The Enterprising Schoolboy Who Slept In the Coronation Chair. It is a long walk from the dining room of the Westminster school to the coronation chair, whioh stands behind the old stone screen just back of the altar iu the abbey, but there is an in teresting conection between the two. This chair, as is well known, is a rude, heavy oak chair, much worn by time. It contains the "Stone of Scone" and was made by the order of Edward I in 1297, and every English sovereign since then has sat in it to be crowned. A stout railing in front of the chair restrains the crowd of visitors from coming near, but if they were allowed to examine it as closely as I was for tunate enough to do they wonld find cut boldly into the solid oak seat in euch sprawling letters as the school boy's knife makes upon his desk, "P. Abbott slept in this ohair Jan 4, 1801." P. Abbott, it seems, was a Westminster schoolboy, and a tradition, which there is every reason to believe is true, tells that he made a wager with a school mate that he dare stay in the abbey all night alone. In order to win his wagor he hid in some corner of the old building until the doors were locked for the night and thns was loft alone there. Fearing, however, that when morning came the boy with whom he had made the bet would disbelieve his statement that he had won it, he determined to have tome proof of the fact, and so spent the hours of the early morning in carving on the coronation chair the tentenoe which, even now, nearly a century aft er, bears witness for him. It it disap pointing that the tradition does not record just what form and amount of punishment was visited upon the lad for his escapade, and that history does not tell ut of his later years. I wonder whether the courage and grit which this deed manifested foretold an ener getic, successful life or wat dissipated in mere bravado. Max Bennett Thrash er in 8t Nicholas. The Newest Envelop. Opening an envelope by pulling a string it the latest labor laving device. Like all simple contrivances, it seems queer no one thought of it before, but that doesn't impair ita usefulness. Any envelope can be equipped with the opener. An ordinary piece of thread it inserted at the top of the flap, and when the fold it made the thread pro ject! from one end. To open the en velope all that it necessary to do it to pull back the thread. Thit envelope opener it a New York invention, and it promises to be very popular with the busy business man. Uly QuMtloa. When man hat lost hit pooketbook or a gold collar stud, the question asked him by nine people out of ten it, "Where did you lose it?" And this It alwayt a very toothing question to the loser, because if he knew where he lost the article it it not reasonable to tup- pose thai be would be looking in 40 different placet to And it London Tit Bit. Jerusalem hat been partly or wholly burned IT times, each great conflagra tion being kindled when the city waa taken by a besieging force. The Hebrew Igurea place the data of tha flood at a a ma THE PEOPLE'S Bargain Store Has a Complete Stock of Fall and Winter Goods, epecially Men's and Ladies' FiirnisliM Goods. We will mention a few prices which are as low as can be found anywhere else in this country. Men's suits at a bargain at $ 3. 50, worth 6.50. Men's pants from 65c. up; Men's underwear from 50c. a suit up; Men's winter caps from 25c. up; BoyB' suits, all sizes, from 75c. up. A 40c. cap given away with every suit over $1.00. Boy's Merino underwear at a bargain at 35c. a suit, worth 50c; Children's Merino underwear from 7c. up; Nat ural wool, red and grey, un derwear for children from 17c. up. Ladies' long sleeve under wear for 17c. up. Men's winter gloves, for mer price 40c, now at 25c. Special bargains in Men's and Boys' shoes. Our motto is quick pale and small profit. Call and see us, it costs nothing to see goods and get prices. People's Bargain Store, ft. KflTZEN, Frop'r. I have bought the Finest and Best line of Goods ever brought to Reyn- oldsville. A line of novelty goods from 10 to 50 cents a yard; dress goodH in all colors and at all prices; plaids from 8 to 75 cts a yard; Shepherd plaid from 12i to 75 cts; cashmeres in all colors and at prices to suit the times; forty-five inch Henrietta in black, blue, green and rose at 48 cts a yard; former price $ 1.00. A large line in wash goods; Dimity, Percale, Gesmonda and Moire Esistal, Dotted Swiss in white, blue and pink at prices lower than ever; white goods at all prices; satines in plain, striped and figures. Large line of embroideries from 2 cts up to 75 cts a yard. Ladies waists from 48 cts to $1.25. CLOTHING. You will save money by buying your clothing at Hanau's. Men's all wool cheviot suits at 6.50, worth 10.00; men's all wool cheviot suits at 5.00; men's clay suits from 6.50 to $14; youth's suits in cheviots, worsteds and clay, all colors, at all prices. Boys' and children's suits from 75c up to 5.00. A large line of laundried shirts, white and colored, from 50c to 1.25. A fine line in neckwear, hats and caps. Please call in before buy ing elsewhere. No trouble to show goods. 3ST. Hanau. HALF A CENTURY OLD, lis Is a sure remedy for Coughs, Colds, W hoop ing Cough, and all Lung diseases when used in nesnon. Fifty years ago, Elder Downs wat given up by his physicians to die with Conermption. Under these circumstan ces he compounded this Elixir, was cured, and lived to a good old age. You can try it for the price of one doctor's visit For sale everywhere. CURED ANNUALLY. Kop mile by II. Alex Ptoko. irst Nations OF REYNOLDS VILLE. CKPITKL OSO.ObO.OO. O. mitrht-ll, Preldrnt Scott Ittrflelland, Vice Pre.. John II. Kaurhrr, ('ashler. Director! O. Mltrhell, Scott McClelland. J. O. King, John II. Cor holt, O. E. Brown, Q. W. Fuller, J. H. Kaucher. Do a a aenernlbanklmrbiiKtnniinand solicit the norountn of nierdmnts, profwwlorml men. farmer. tneehnnlm. minora, lumbermen una other. promUliis the moHt careful attention to tne Dumneu or an persons. Safe Deposit Boxes for rent. First National Bank building, Nolan block Fire Proof Vault. SINGE 1878. Fire Insurance. NORWOOD G. PINNEY, BROOKVILUE, PA. John Trudgen, SOLICITOR, Reynoldsville, Penn'a. L. M. SNYDER, Practical Horse-shoer and General Blacksmith. tInrH6flhoctnf rtono In the nontpst manner and by the Intent Improved method. Over luodllierent kinds of bhoes made for correc tion of faulty action and diseased feet. Only the bent make of Khoen and iihIIn used. Ke palrlng of all klniln carefully and promptly done. Hatihkaction Gitahantkkd, Lumlter nien'tt ftupplteM on hand. I nek ami HI., near Fifth, Keynoldftvllle, Pa. m. w. Mcdonald, FIRE, LIFE and ACCIDENT insurance. I have a large lino of Companies and am prepared to handle large or small linos of insurance. Prompt attention glcn to any business intrusted to my care. Office In Nolan Block, Roynolds vllle, Pa. Facts and not "fad" are ele ments the thoughtful buyer is looking for in these days of close com petition, and these are found in purchasing GROCERIES where you get the best returns for your money and this you can do at the GROCERY - STORE W. R. Martin, Dealer in Fine Groceries, Canned Goods, Tobacco and Cigars, Flour, Feed, etc., Fine , Teas and Roasted Coffees. W. R. MARTIN, . Main Street, Reynoldsville, Penna. F rank Snyder & Johns, FASHIONABLE TAILORS. WE have just received a large line of Piece Goods and samples, embracing the very latest styles r.f Foreign and Domestic Suitings for Fall and Winter wear, which we are prepared to make at Hard-time Prices. We cordially invite the public to call, examine our goods and get prices. Special attention to Cleaning and Repairing. Next Door to Hotel McConnell. Main Street. :JOB WORK! THE Job Work Department OF Tho Star Office Is replete with the Latest Styles of Types. Capes! AT OUR STORE You will find the most complete stock of General Merchan dise in town. Prices never were so low. Our line of Capes and Jackets includes the LATEST STYLES and prices away down. We have just received a New Stock of Clothing, Hats and Caps. We are selling GOOD Shoes cheaper than any one in this vicinity. Full line of Staple and Fancy Groceries. We invite all to call and see us. Jefferson Supply Co. To the Ladies! If you are needing a Coat or Cape A. D. DEEMER & CO. will give a WRAP Saturday, When a gentleman connected with a large city establishment will be here with Hundreds of to Select From! New Dress Goods this week. A. D. Doomor & Go, ' Neat Work Done on Short Notice! Jackets! OPENING Oct. 10th, Styles
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers