THE CITIZEN, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER n, 1913.
PAGE SEVEN
t0t0t0tpt0xCKx0tpicxa
(i n n
CHURCHILL
Plan to Suspend Battleship
Building Indorsed by
Secretary Daniels.
CLOSE on the heels of the an
nounccment that Winston
Churchill, first lord of the Brit
ish admiralty, urges strongly
that all the great nations join in a
"naval holiday," the same being a
period of a year or more, during which
the powers shall refrain from build
ing battleships, comes the news that
the first ltccl plates of the great super
Dreadnought Pennsylvania, destined
to be the most powerful fighting ma
chine in tho world, have been laid at
Newport News, Va. Almost simul
taneously the battleship Texas, just
completed nnd at present the largest
war vessel ufloat, justifies the predic
tions of her builders by averaging a
speed of 21.128 knots on the five high
speed runs which marked tho climax
of her standardization trial at Hock
land, Me.
From nil tho rest of the world news
comes also of Increased activities in nu
val construction. Nearly all tho naval
programs of the great powers contem
plate tho building of from one to five
battleships annually for the next fivo
years. Even New Zealand Is planning
a navy of her own, the first step in
this direction being the building of a
cruiser of tho Bristol typo of 4.S00 tons
displacement to cost ?2,000,000, which
on occasion may become a part of tho
formidable fleet of Great Britain.
Germany, too, will adhere to her ex
isting program of navnl construction
tvtnston cnrrncnriii,, nnsT lord op trnn
BRITISH ADMIRALTY.
and development, at present consist
ing of two battleships a year,
"Naval Holiday" Impractical.
Unofficially the kaiser's experts de
clare the suggestion of tho British
statesman to bo impractical. The Ger
man fleet, they assert, is for defensive
purposes only and as such must bo
maintained in a condition capable of
protecting the coasts of the father
land against possible enemies.
That tho German naval experts are
not without Justification for the stand
they have taken is evidenced by the
report of a new 'invention lately tried
out by the British government, by
means of which a mine may bo ex
ploded at a distance of several miles
without wires or other connecting ap
paratus. This, In view of the fact that
a clash between John Bull and the
kaiser is tho ever recurring bugbear
of tho German and British publics re
spectively, would seem to give color to
the alleged need of a "defensive fleet"
for tho German coast, to say nothing
of tho fact that England's naval con
struction program includes tho build
ing of at least four Dreadnoughts a
year for several years to come.
Yet while other nations besides Ger
many have thus far turned a deaf car
to tho suggestion of tho British first
lord of tho admiralty, at tho same time
in nearly every country there may be
found a steadily growing sentiment in
its favor. Indeed, there is scant doubt
but that this feeling will tako some
definlto form in the near future.
Daniels Indorses Suggestions.
Secretary of tho Navy Josephus Dan
iels In n recent Interview strongly ad
vocated tho Churchill plan as a means
of reducing tho annually increasing
naval budget of every nation and the
added taxation which it necessitated.
Economic reasons alone, ho asserted,
liven without considering thoso tend-'
Sng toward a world peace, dictated tho
advisability of a worldwido agreement
between all first class nations to closo
or at least curtail the construction of
battleships for a stipulated period.
"I believe such an agreement must
be made sooner or later for economic
reasons," tho secretary declared. "The
hysteria of naval preparations Is prov
ing too great a burden for tho people,
Wo ourselves are spending, about J j4o.
OOQOOO 'annual iy on our navy and an
tqnal amount on onr fltiny. and that I
1 111 III
mml riuLIUM I UlmLU Dl
fpppppraxpptpprxppiP
3
nnrn nv $
FOR ALL NATIONS
Meanwhile Increased Activity
In Naval Construction Is
Noted Everywhere.
but a bagatelle compared to what the
great powers of Europe and Japan are
spending, with new vessels supersed
ing and making obsolete nil that have
been built before.
"Tho world today is facing the
anomaly of making its navy less ade
quate by increasing it, for when new
vessels nre built with their more pow
erful armament they render useless tho
smaller warships, save for coast de
fense." Would Benefit Humanity.
The secretary said that such an
agreement joined in by Germany, Eng
land, France, Russia, Japan and tho
United States would result in the great
est benefit to humanity in general from
an economic standpoint
"Unless some such agreement is soon
reached," ho said, "every citizen will,
figuratively, be carrying a soldier on
his back."
Secretary Daniels' statement Is di
rectly In line with the offer Mr.
Churchill made directly to Germany,
as the chief rival of Great Britain.
I'noto by American Press Association.
BATTLESHIP TEXAS, MOST POWERFUL
FIGHTING MACHINE AFLOAT, ON HER
TRIAL TRIP.
while ho was discussing the British
naval expenditures of $1)75,000,000 a
year nnd warning the nation of tho in
evitably heavy Increase In armament
if tho rivalry continued. ,
After making his plea for a universal
"naval holiday" Mr. Churchill express
ed the opinion that if Great Britain
and Germany took the lead all tho oth
er great countries would follow suit,
and they would all bo just ns great
and as sound ns if they had built the
ships at present projected.
Feasibility of Plan.
If Austria and Italy did not build, the
obligation, ho said, would be removed
from Franco and Great Britain, and
tho fact that the triple alliance (Ger
many, Austria-Hungary and Italy) was
just now building no ships would mako
tho proposal possible without the
slightest danger or risk.
That no one will take issue with Mr.
Churchill on the question of tho benefit
accruing to tho world If ljls suggestion
should bo adopted is self evident. The
problem lies In its feasibility, at pres
ent nt least.
Great navies are rising everywhere.
France, Russia, the United States, Ja
pan, even Greece and tho South
American states, to say nothing of
Austria-TIungary and Italy, in addition
to England nnd Germany, aro spending
millions on naval construction.
Tho difficulty will bo to set a time
far enough in tho future and yet not
too remoto to bo of practical value to
tho present .generation when all the
nations will find it convenient to ar
rest for n time their naval develop
ment In tho meantime tho shlpyards of ev
ery nation will bo busy turning out
great war machines, which, despite
their enormous cost, becorao obsolete
within but llttlo more than the time It
takes to build one of them.
As far as the United States is con
cerned, tho annual naval budget will
probably not bo much changed, al
though tho completion of tho Panama
canal will add much to tho effective
ness of our navy in somo respects.
Canal Strengthens Navy.
Far from greatly adding to tho sea
power of tho United States, however,
tho canal will really bo a negligible
factor, although it was formerly 'claim,
od that its opening would doublo the
navy's ' effectiveness. But it will in
crease its possibilities for coast do
f enso vastly.
In this connection Secretary Daniels
fecontly assorted that tho canal, while
adding much greater mobility to our
fleets, would not greatly Increase their
ttrength except as defenders of our
toasts.
"During tho long campaign," said
the secretary, "ono of the strongest ar
guments for the largo expenditure
was that such a eanal would doublo
tno efficiency . of tne navy, We wer$
told also that It would mako for effl;
olsncy In the army and make tbq
United States tho dictator of tho west
ern hemisphere and the mistress of
the seas.
larger Navy Unnecessary.
"Now that tho canal is ncarlug com
pletion and the day Is near nt hand
when ships will sail from San Fran
cisco to the Caribbean In nbout 240
hours, ns ngnlnst the l.S'-'l hours It took
the Oregon to sail around Capo Horn,
we aro told that tho building of the
canal demands twice as large n navy
as formerly nnd that control of the
canal demands n large standing army
on the isthmus.
"The canal will not double the ef
fectiveness of our navy, but it will
greatly incrense its ability to defend
every part of tho coast on the Pacific
ns well as the Atlantic. It will not
virtually multiply the numbers of the
army."
Yet even If the canal will not great
ly augment tho sea power of the Unit
ed States, except as regards coast de
fense, there Is no reason why battle
ship construction should not be cur
tailed. It only rcmnlns for somo of
the powers to show the way.
Bryan Peace Plan.
Many regard tho plan of Mr. Church
ill as following in logical sequence the
suggestion of William J. Bryan, secre
tary of state, that the nations of tho
1013, by American Press Association.
SECRETARY OF THE NAVY JOSEPnUS DAN
IELS. world enter Into peace treaties, agree
ing to try tho arbitration of difficulties
before going to war. A similar idea
was embodied in Secretary Bryan's
original proposal to the world powers
for a universal peace pact, but was
abandoned when It became evident
that strong opposition would follow.
If Great Britain, Germany, France,
Russia and Japan would adopt the
British suggestion there Is scaiit doubt
that the United States would readily
join in the agreement, and now that
tho plan has been presented in con
crete fashion to tho whole world It may
not be long before negotiations be
tween some of the powers are opened.
STATE LIFE INSURANCE
TRIED OUT IN WISCONSIN.
Man Who Drafted Law Authorizing
System Gets tho First Policy.
Tho first policies in a state llfo In
surance fund In America have Just
been Issued by the Insurance depart
ment of Wisconsin. Former Speaker
Charles A. Ingram of Durand, who In
troduced the bill In the 1011 session to
create state insurance, received the
first policy.
Applications came from several
states, but under tho law policies may
be issued only to residents of Wiscon
sin. The lawmaking provision for state
life Insurance was enacted after the
Idea had been worked out by Commis
sioner of Insurance Ekern nnd a leg
islative committee. A study had been
made of similar laws In Germany,
Great Britain, Italy and Belgium.
No policy is issued for a larger
amount than 1,000. When tho num
ber of policy holders reaches 1,000 the
maximum policy will bo issued for
$2,000, and when tho number reaches
2,000 tho maximum policy will bo for
$3,000, tho highest amount authorized.
Existing governmental machinery
will be used in the administration of
tho law without the creation of addi
tional offices. No paid agents will bo
employed.
BARS PHOTOS IN WATCHES.
Illinois Central Issues an Efficiency
Order to Operating Employees.
No longer may engineers, conductors,
brakemen and other employees in tho
operating department of tho Illinois
Central railroad carry pictures of their
wives, sweethearts and babies on their
watch crystals. An order against the
practice has just been issued by the
management
Officials of tho company havo decided
nat such pictures aro likely to dis
tract the attention, of employees from
their work, nnd that accidents .might
result. Tho order also specifics plain
dials .of a uniform design.
'.This rulo may seem to bo a small
matter, but, after all, it is the little
things that count," said Vlco President
W. It. Park In discussing the order.
"Every railroad man win admit that
success In the operating department re-ii'-tri-t
nftftjtlon to uty."
FILIPINOS' TAXES
SHOW PROORESS
Returns Givo $800,000 Gain
In Collections.
TRADE IN OPIUM GUT DOWN
Increased Revenues Chiefly Due to
Larger Output of Factories De
crease of More Than 25 Per Cent In
Penalties Means Successful Enforce
ment of the Law by Officials.
Progress nnd prosperity in tho Phil
ippines under the ndminlstrntion of
the United States aro reflected In the
nnnual report of William T. Nolting.
collector of internal revenue for the
islands, for tho last fiscal year. Tho
report has just been made public by
the bureau of Insular affairs at Wash
ington. For the yenr ended Juno 30 last Col
lector Nolting reports total collections
of $11,392,3S2.DS, an Increase of $S0O,
208.S3, or 7 per cent, over tho pre
ceding year. O'f tho increase nearly
700,000 was due to a larger output by
manufactories of taxable articles and
to a stricter enforcement of tho laws
Imposing taxes.
The amount named includes the land
tax, GS2,715.40, in the city of Manila,
which hns a population of approxi
mately 300,000. Of internal revenue
proper tho tax collected on nlcohollc
and tobacco products was 4,040,018.31,
on dealers 333,103 and on imported
articles of this nature 333,900.
Collects Many Taxes.
Tho internal revenue bureau collects
not only tho taxes on liquors nnd to
bacco, but nlso the cedula, or poll tax,
tho percentage tax on sales of mer
chandise and all occupation taxes.
These are to some extent of n local
nature, tho cedula being entirely so,
nnd, while collected by tho agents of
tho central office, nre later apportioned
to tho provinces and municipalities.
In other words, tho practice which
obtains In many states of having taxes
paid to the state nnd then apportioned
nmong the counties is extended in the
Philippines so ns to include tho towns
or municipalities.
"One item of decreased receipts is
very gratifyin;;." says tho bureau of In
sular affairs, "the amount of penalties
collected under the opium lnw, It be
ing less than 40.000, or n decrease of
more than 25 per cent. Tho Philippine
government, having been the pioneer
In tho recent worldwido movement for
the suppression of opium nnd having
taken tho successive steps of licensing
medical treatment nnd prohibition,
with tho rigid enforcement of punitive
laws, may now look forward to the
early completion of tho task taken up
of effectually eradicating the opium
evil among tho Chinese residents, ns
It has already among the Filipinos."
Tho npportlonable taxes amounted to
17,434,278 pesos, or half that many dol
lars, Including the regular cedula or
poll tax of 1,071,581, which was di
vided equally between tho municipali
ties and provinces, tho extra cedula tax
voted by tho various provincial boards,
amounting to nearly as much, having
gone to the provinces for road and
bridge purposes. The municipalities
received license taxes to the extent of
more than 300,000, while the othei
collections of 1,582,041 were divided
equally between tho municipalities and
provinces.
Replacing American Employees.
One phase of Mr. Noltlng's report
throws nn Interesting bit of light on
the working out of tho policy of reduc
ing tho number of Americans in tho
Philippine service as rapidly as quail
fled Filipinos became available. Tho
bureau of internal revenue began tho
year with 430 regular and temporary
employees, of whom eighty-flvo wero
Americans, while an Juno 30 tho num
ber of Americans had been reduced to
forty-eight.
In the process of reorganization tho
collector substituted Filipinos In sev
eral offices heretofore occupied by
Americans exclusively, and ho has
found, with few exceptions, 'that tho
results havo been better than hoped
for, tho new forco of agents' assist
ants especially rendering excellent
service.
Tito bureau plays an nctlvo part in
tho enforcement of several laws, and
its disbursements represent moro than
tho mere cost of collecting taxes, but
this was done at an expense of 2.04
per cent of tho money received.
PURITY CONGRESS PLANS.
Opens In Minneapolis Nov. 7 and Con
tinues Five Days.
B. S. Steadman of lacrosse, Wis.,,
president of tho World's Purity feder
ation, has prepared tho program for
the organization's seventh nnnual con
gress, which will be held In Minneapo
lis, beginning Nov. 7 and continuing
until Nov. 12.
I Educators, ministers and social work
ers from all parts of tho United States
and from several foreign countries will
deliver addresses on, topics covering a
wide range of activities.
Governor Eberhart of Minnesota has
issued a proclamation designating Nov.
0 as "purity Sunday," on which dpy
there will bo special services In
churches throughout tho state. Gover
nor Earl. Brewer of Mississippi has is
sued a Wmllar proclamation.
(Conducted by the National Woman',
Chrliitltin Temperance Union.)
NO INCREASE IN DRINKING.
Tho internal revenue report for
1913 hns been widely commented upon
by the presB, Its figures being goner
ally accepted as proof of an Increase
In drinking, "notable," "alarming,"
"shameless," according to the point,
of view of tho commentator. We do,
not challenge the accuracy of the re
port, but we do maintain that the
press of the country has given It too
hasty consideration, and that the pub
lic has too readily accepted tho conj
elusions of the newspapers. Tho fig
ures given aro true as far as they go,
but It Is not tho province of tho In
ternal revenue commission to explain
thoso figures. The National W. C. T.
U., through its bureau of publicity,
sends out the following explanation:
First, with regard to distilled
liquors, It Is not so generally known
as It should be that the figures of the
government report are based on tho
number of gallons withdrawn by
wholesalers from tho bonded ware
houses, and that the amount for any
ono year may or may not represent
tho actual consumption for that year.
It happens that for the year Just
closod the amount withdrawn does
not represent actual consumption. To
tho average reador the situation la
somewhat confusing, but It Is easily
explained. Under tho law liquor may
remain In bond not longer than eight
years. At the expiration of that time
It must be removed from tho govern
ment warehouses whether there Is
demand for It or not. During tho year
covered by tho 1913 report a large
amount was, It Is stated, thrown upon
tho market because the bonding pe
riod had expired. The fact that such
a large quantity remained in bond un
til forced out by the tlmo limit is
sufficient proof that the salo of spir
ituous liquors has been decreasing.
When the liquor Is taken from tho
bonded warehouses the government
tax Is paid, and It is then officially re
corded as "consumed." Tho truth of
tho matter is that much liquor re
ported as "consumed" from June 30,
1912, to June 30, 1913, Is now stored
In private warehouses waiting a de
mand. Those who understand the
state of affairs havo expected Just
such a showing as that now put out
by tho Internal revenue department
They havo expected, too, that It
would be generally interpreted ns
meaning a "marked Increase In drink
ing." They know that while an un
usual amount of liquor was with
drawn last year from the bonded
warehouses It by no means follows
that oil of It went down tho throats
of American citizens.
Second, there Is more or loss jug
gling of official figures by llquorltos.
Desiring (In their effort to discredit
the so-oallod "reform wave") to make
tho per capita Increase appear large.
they have a way of bunching togeth
er tho figures referring to all kinds
of liquors, distilled and malt And
newspapers have a way of repeating
without investigation this manifestly
unjust estimate. For example, some
"wet" authority states that the per
capita amount of liquor consumption
has risen In twenty years from IB
.gallons to 21 gallons (this, of course
Including all liquor on which tax hns
been paid), and the misleading state
ment goes the rounds.
Third, in view of thoso facts It Is
clear that there nre more total ab
stainers and more prohibitionists in
tliis country than ever before, and
granting for tho sake of argument the
Increasing consumption that drink
ers nre drinking more than over be
fore. It is ono of the characteristics
of alcohol to Increase the desire for
Itself, so wo may expect tho moderate
drinker (or his children) to become
the excessive drinker and tho exces
sive drinker to become more exces
sive. It Isn't from tho number of
gallons of liquor consumed that one
Judges of the nearness of nation-wide
prohibition, but from the rapidly
growing prohibition sentiment ard
consequent number of prohibition
votes throughout tho country.
The liquor Interests are trying des
perately to hide the fact that theirs
Is a losing cause. In their Journals
and in their conventions tholr utter
ances are doloful and warnlngful, and
In tho stock market there Is marked
shrinkage In tho valuo of liquor se
curities. Pessimism in tho liquor
camp, optimism among tho prohibi
tionists this, despite tho Internal
revenue report for 1913, Is tho situa
tion toaay.
VITAL QUESTION.
There Is not, at tho present day,
any question which so deeply touchea
tne moral, tho physical, and the re
ligious welfare of the world as the
question of temperance. Lord Chan
cellor Cairns.
DRINKER8 NOT WANTED.
The United States oensus bureau re
ports that nearly every Industry
'discriminating against tho hiring
drinking men. The figures ore:
oi
Agriculturists . T2 per cent
'Manufacturers 78 Tier Mnt
'Trades .... ,...S8 per cent
'uauroaas ...,..,90 percent
'SHIFTS RESPONSIBILITY.
Th man who tak&a the drtak nert
Uka tho coatequeacoa; they art
by bis fsaily, his wplorar aiU
JPKOtfJESSlONAr, OAKJD8.
Attorncys-nt-Low.
ME. SIMONS, -.
ATTORNEY A COUN8ELOR-AT-LAV,
Office in the Court House, Honesdale,
I'a
QEARLE & SALMON,
O ATTORNEYS A COUNBELOR8-AT-LAW.
unices latelv occupied by Judye Searle
pUESTEK A. GARRATT,
J ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR-AT-LAW
Otllce-Dlmmlck Building, Honesdnle. Pa.
WA1. II. LEE,
ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR-AT-LAW.
Office. Foster Hlllllllnp. All lpsill htlnlnenn
promptly attended to. Honesdale, Pa.
MUMFORD & MUMFORD,
ATTORNEYS A COUNSELOUS-AT-LAW
office - Liberty Hall bulldinc. Honesdale
HOMER GREENE.
ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR-AT-LAW
Office: Relf Building, Honesdalo.
0
CHARLES A. McOARTY,
ATTORNEY A COUNSELOR- IT-LAW
Snecial and nrnmnfc attention elvfln t.n th
collection oi claims.
Office: Relf Building, Honesdale.
Physicians.
PB. PETERSON, M. I).
. 1126 MAIN STREET. HONESDALE. PA.
Eye and Ear a sneclaltv. The flttlns of olnnn
es civen caretul attention.
F. G. RICKARD Prop
MRST-CLASS WAGONS,
RELIABLE HORSES.
Especial Attention Given to
Transit Business.
I STONE BARN CHURCH STREET, r
J. E. HALEY
AUCTIONEER
Have me and save money. Wl
attend sales anywhere in State.
Address WAYMART, PA.(R. D. 3)
W. C. SPRY
BKACTILAKE.
AUCTIONEER
HOLDS SALES ANYWHERE
EH STATE.
MttttttmttTtMttMt
t
SPENCER
The Jeweler
would like to see you If
4-
you are In the marketi
t for
JEWELRY, SILVER-;;
I WARE, WATCHES,;;
CLOCKS,
DIAMONDS,
AND NOVELTIES I
"Guaranteed articles only sold."
I
rmamtarrntrrtrrmamramt:
MARTIN CAUFIELD
Designer and Man
ufacturer of
ARTISTIC
MEMORIALS
Office and Works
1036 MAIN ST.
HONESDALE, PA.
JOSEPH N. WELCH
Fire
Insurance
The OLDEST Fire Insurance
Agency in Wayne County.
Offlce: Second floor Masonic Build
ing, over O. O. Jadwln's drug- store,
Honesdalo.
Bring 70ur difficult Job work to
this office. We caa do it
IlVERY