“ SRADNS BY EMINENT DION The Subject of tho Address “The Sword: Its Mission and Its Doom” —=Mighty When Wielded in a Righteous Cause— Great Achievements Wrought by Arms. TexT: ‘My sword shall be bathed in beaven.”—Isaiah, xxxiv., 5. ‘It has come at last—the war that we have orreyed Almighty God might be averted. The prows of the battle-ships are cutting the seas, and troops from all the States of the American Union are on the way to the front. Alltheartsof diplomacy have failed, and momentous questions are to be decided in battle on sea and land. Three results will be demonstrated—the in- dependence of Cuba, the rebuke of Spanish cruelty, and the triumph of the United States army and navy. “Three hundred and fifty-one times does the Bible speak of that sharp, keen, curved, inexorable weapon, which flashes upon us from the text—the sword. Sometimes the mention is applaudatory, and sometimes damnatory, sometimes as drawn, some- times as sheathed. In the Bible, and in much secular literature, the sword repre- sents all-javelins, all muskets, all carbines, all guns; all police clubs, all battle-axes. all weaponry for physical defense or attack. It would be an interesting thing to give the history of the plow, and follow its furrow all down through the ages, from the first crop in Chaldea to the last crop in Minne- sota. It would be interésting to follow the pen as it has tracked its way on down through the literature of nations, from its first word in the first book to the last word which some author last night wrote as he closed his manuscript. It would be an in- teresting thing to count the echoes of the hammer from the first nail driven down through all the mechanism of centuries to the last stroke in the carpenter's shop of yesterday. I propose to-day speaking of a weapon that has done a work that neither plow nor pen nor hammer ever dccom- plished. My theme is the swerd, its mis- sion, and its doom. “The sword of the text was bathed in heaven; that is, it was a sword of right- eousness, as another sword may be bathed in hell, and the sword of cruelty and wrong. There is a great difference be- tween the word of Winklereid and the sword of Cataline, between the sword of Leonidas and the sword of Benedict Arnold, In our effort to hasten the end of war we have hung the sword with abuses and exe- crations, when it has had a divine mission, as when in many crises of the world’s his- tory it has swung for liberty and justice, civilization and righteousness and God. At the very opening of the;Bible and on the east side of the Garden of Eden God placed a. flaming sword to defend the tree of life. Of the officer of the law, St. Paul declares: ‘He beareth not the sword in vain. Through Moses God commanded: ‘Put every man his sword by his side.” David, in his prayer, says: ‘Gird Thy sword upon Thy thigh, O most mighty.” One of the battle-shouts of the Old Testament was: ‘The sword of the Lord and Gideon.’ Christ, in a great exigency, said that such a weapon was more important than a coat, for he declared: ‘He that hath no sword, let him sell his garment and buy one.’ Again he declared: ‘I come not to send peace, but a sword.” Of Christ’s second coming, it is said: ‘Out of His mouth went a sharp, two-edged sword.” Thus, some- times figuratively, but often literally, the divine mission of the sword is announced. “What more consecrated thing in the world than Joshua's sword, or Caleb's sword, or Gideon’s sword, or David's sword, or Washington’s sword, or Marion’s sword, or Lafayette’s sword, or Welling- ton’s sword, or Garibaldi’s sword, or hun- dreds of thousands of American swords that have again and again been bathed in heaven. 8words of that kind have been the best friends of the human race. They have slain tyrannies, pried open dungeons, and cleared the way for nations in their onward march. It was better for them to take the sword and be free, than lie under the oppressor’s heel and suffer. ‘‘There is something worse than death, and that is life if it must eringe and crouch before the wrong. Tura over the leaves of the world’s history, and find that there has »mever been a tyranny stopped or awmation liberated except by the sword. Iam not talking to you about the way things ought to be, but about the way they have been. What force drove back the Baracens at Tours, and kept Europe from being over- whelmed by Mohammedanism, and, sub- sequently, all America given over to Mohammedanism? The sword of Charles Martell and his men. Who can deal enough in inflnities to tell what was accomplished for the world’s good by the sword of Joan of Are? Years ago I looked off and saw in the distance the battle-fleld of Marathon, and I asked myself what wag it that on that most tremendous day in history stopped the Persian hosts, representing not only Persia, but Egypt, and Tripoli, and Afghanistan, and Beloochistan, and Armenia; a host.that had Asia under foot and proposed to put Europe under foot. and, if successful in that battle, would have submerged by Asiatic barbarism, European civilization, and, as a conse- quence, in after time, American eiviliza- tion? = The swords of Miltiades, and Themostocles, and Aristides. Atthe waving of these swords the eleven thousand lan- cers of Athens, on the run, dashed against the one hundred thousand insolent Persians and trampled them down or pushed them back into the sea. The swords of that day saved the best part of the hemispheres, a trinity of keen steel flashing in the two lights—the light of the setting sun of bar- barism, the light of the rising sun of civil- ization. Hall to these three great swords bathed in heaven! ‘“What put an end to infamous Louis XVI.’s plan of universal conquest, by which England would have been made to kneel on the steps of the Tuileries, and the Anglo- Saxon race would have been halted and all Europe paralyzed? The sword of Marl- borough, at Blenheim. Time came when the Roman war eagles, whose beaks had been punched into the heart of nations, must be brought down from their eyries. All other attempts had disgracefully failed, but the Germans, the mightiest nation for brawn and brain, undertook the work, and, under God, sueceeded. What drove back the Roman cavalry till the horses, wounded, flung their riders and the last rider per- ished, and the Hercynian forest became the scene of Rome’s humiliation? The brave sword, the triumphant sword of Arminius. “While passing through France my nerves tingled with excitement, and I rose in the car the better to see the battle-fleld of Chalong, the mounds and breastworks still visible, though nearly five hundred years ago they-were shoveled up. Here, Attila, the heathen monster, called by himself the ‘Scourge of God, for the punishment of Christians,” his life a massacre of nations, came to ignominious defeat,and he put into one great pile the wooden saddles of his “cavalry, and thespoils of the cities and kingdoms he had sacked and placed on top of this holocaust the woman who hadac- eompanied him in his devastating march, ordering that the torch be put to the pile. What power broke that sword and stayed that red scourge of cruelty that was rolling over Europe? The sword of Theodorie and Actius. *‘To come down to later ages, ali intel- ligent Englishmen unite with all intelli- gent Americaps in sayibg that it was the best thing that the American colonies swung off from the government of Great Britain. It would have been the worst absurdity of four thousand years if this continent should have continued in loyalty to a throne on the other side of the sea. No one would propose a Governor General for the United States, as there is a Gov- ~ ernor General for Canada. We have had splendid Queens in our American Capital, but we could bardly be brought'to support & Queen on the other side of the Atlantic, lovely and good as Victoria is. The only use we have for Earls and Lords and Dukes in this country is to treat them well whea they pass through totireir hanting grounds in the far West, or when their fortunes have failed, re-enforce them by wealthy matrimonial alliance. Imagine this nation yet a part of English possessions! The trouble the mother country has with Ire. land would be a paradisaic condition com- pared with the trouble she would have with us. England and the United States make SXCAllont nelghbors, but the two families are too large to live in the same house, What-a godsend that we should have parted, and parted long ago! “But I can think of no other way in which we could possibly have achieved American Independence. George the Third, the half-crazy King, would not have let us go. Lord North, his Prime Minister, would not have let us go. General Lord Cornwallis would not have let us go, al- though after Yorktown he was glad enough to have us let him go. The battlefields of the American Revolution were proof posi- tive that they were not willing. to let us go. Any committee of Americans going across the ocean to see what could have been done would have found no better accom- modations than London Tower. The only way it could have been done. was by the sword, your great-grandfather’'s sword. Jeflerson’s pen could write the Declaration ; of Independence, but only Washington's sword could have achieved it, and the other swords bathed in heaven. ‘*Arbitrament will take the place of war between nation and nation, and national armies will disband as a consequence, and the time will come—God hasten it!—when there will be no need of an American army or navy, or a Russian army or navy. But some time after that cities will have to keep their armories and arsenals and well-drilled militia, because until the millennial day there will be populations with whom arbitrament will be as impossie- ble as treaty with a cavern of hyenas or a jungle of snakes. These men who rob stores and give garroter's hug, and prowl about the wharves at midnight, and rattle the dice in gambling hells and go armed with pistol or dirk, will refrain from dis- | € es 1 C jus =] : turbances of the public peace just in pro and my fatlihgs are killod, and all things portion as they realize that the militia of a city, instead of being an awkward squad, and in danger of shooting each other by | mistake, or losing their own life by looking down into the gun barrel to see if it is load- ed, or getting the ramrod fast in their boot leg, are prompt as the sunrise, keen as the north wind, potent as a thunderbolt, and accurate and regular and disciplined in their movements as the planetary system. Well done, then, I say to the Legislatures and Governors and Mayors, and all officials who decide upon larger armories and bet- ter places for drill and more generous equipment for the militia. The sooner the sword can safely go back to the scabbard to stay there, the better; but until the hilt clangs against the case in that final lodg- ment, let the sword be kept free from rust; sharp all along the edge and its point like a needle and the handle polished, not only by the ehamois of the regimental servant, but by the hand of brave and patriotic offi- cers, always ready to do their full duty. Such swords are not bathed in impetuosity, or bathed in cruelty or bathed in oppres- sion, or bathed in outrage; but bathed in heaven. ‘‘Before I spe of the doom of the sword, let me also say that it has developed the grandest natures that the world ever saw. It has developed courage—that sublime energy of the soul which defles the uni- verse when it feels itself to be in the right. It has developed a self-sacrifice which re- pudiates the idea that our life is worth more than anything else, when for a prin- ciple it throws that life away, as much as to say: ‘It is not necéssary that I live, but it is necessary that righteousness triumph.’ There are tens of thousands among the Northern and Southern veterans of our Civil War who are ninety-five per cent. larger and mightier in soul than they would have been had they not, during the four years of national agony, turned their back on home and fortune, and at the front sac- rificed all for a principle. ‘‘But the sword is doomed. There is one word that- will vet be written in every throne-room, ih every war office, in every navy yard, in every national council. That word is Disarmament, But no government can afford to throw its sword away until all the great governments have agreed to do the same—until disarmament and con- sequent arbitration shall be agreed to by all the great governments, any single gov- ernment that dismantles its fortresses, and spikes its guns, and breaks its sword, would simply invite its own destruction, Suppose, before such general agreement England should throw away her sword; ' think you France has forgotten Waterloo? | Suppose, before such general agreement | Germany should shrow her sword away; guosts he saw there a man which had how long would Alsace and Lorraine stay as they are? Suppose the Cezar of Russia beforesuch general agreement should throw away hissword, all the eagles and vultures and Hons of European power would gather for a piece of the Rupsian bear. Suppose in some future time the United States, with- out any such general agreement of disarm- ament, should throw away her sword, it would not be long before the our great har- bors would be ablaze with the bunting of forelgn navies coming here to show the folly of the *‘Monroe doctrine.” “What a horror is war and ite <ruelties was well {Hustrated when the Tartars, after sweeping through Russia and Poland, dis- played with pride nine great sacks filled with the right ears of the fallen, and when ® correspondent of the London Times, writ- ing of the wounded after the battle of Bedan, sald: ‘Every moan that'thehuman voice can utter rose from ‘that heap of agony, and cries of water! For the love of God, water! A doctor! A doctor! never ceased. After war bas wrought such ckuel- ties, how glad we will be to have the old monster himself dle. Let his dying couch be spread in some dismantled fortress, through! which the stormy winds howl. Give him for a pillowa battered shield, and let his bed be hard with the rusted bayonets of the slain. Cover him with the coarsest blanket that picket ever wore, and let his only cup be the bleached bone of one of his war-chargers, and the last taper by his bed- side expire as the midnight blast sighs in- to his ears; The candle of the wicked shall be put out. ‘‘In this time ol our national trial let us dedicate ourselves anew to God and our country. In the English cohflict, ealled the War of the Roses, a white rose wag the badge of the House of York, and the red rose the badge of the House of Lancas- ter, and with these two colofs they op- posed each other in battle. To enlist you in the holy war for all that is good against odl that is wrong I pin over your heart two badges, the one suggestive of the blood shed for our redemption, and the other symbolic of a soul made white and clean, the Rose of Sharon and the Lily of the Valley. “And as for our beloved countryin this crisis, there are three reasons why we should do our best for that. Three reasons: Our fathers’ graves, our own eradles, our children’s birthright. When I say your fathers’ graves your pulses run quicker. Whether they sleep in city cemetery or in village graveyard, their ashes are pre- cious to you. They lived well and they died right. You will not submit to have their tombs dishonored by the foot of any foreign foe. Then this land hus been our cradle. It may have rocked us roughly, but it was a good cradle to be rocked in. Oh, how much we owe it. Dear land of our boyhood and girlhood days! And it is to be our children’s birthright. We will after awhile be through with it; we will see only a few more blossoms of the spring; we will gather only a few more of the harvests of the summer; we will pluck only a little more of the fruits of the au- tumn; but our children, they must got it through us, as we got it from our fathers —a free land, a happy land, a Christian land. : Since B. C. 4,009,000,000 men have been slain in battle, THE SABBATH SCHOOL LESSOR INTERNATIONAL LESSON COMMENTS FOR MAY 8. Lesson Text: “The Marriage Feast," Matthew xxii.,, 1-14-Golden Text, Luke xiv,, 17=Commentary on - the Lesson by the Rev, D. NM. Stearns. 1, 2. “And Jesus answered and spoke un- to them again by parables, and said, The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king which made .a marriage fcr his son.” When the kingdom shall have come for which our Lord taught us to pray, the will of God shall be done on earth®as in heaven. But while thisis sure, according to the Rev, xi., 156; I Cor. xv., 24, 25, and other assur- ances, there are many seeming delays, and thers shall be-until the time when He who has the title deeds shall exclaim, ‘There shall be delay no longer” (Rev. x.,6,R. V.). The preparations for that glorious consum- mation and the many evehtsileading up to it are 80 one with it that they seem to be spoken of as a part of it: The Bible story begins with a marriage in Eden, and ends with the marriagelof the Lamb (Rev. xix.),of which many marriage stories like those of Isaac and Rebekah, Joseph and Asenath, Moses and Zipporah, Boaz and Ruth, are very suggestive. 3. “‘And sent forth his servants to call them that wer» bidden to the wedding, and they;would not come.’”’ Not only will there be the bridegroom and the bride, essential to any wedding, but there will be those who are oalled “The virgins, her companions’ (Ps. xlv., 14); perhaps the wise virgins of Math. xxv, Thenthere are to be some who will be watching for their Lord when he returns from the wedding (Luke xii., 36) andwe read in Rev. xix., 9, “Blessed are they which are called tothe marriage sup- per of the Lamb.” All will be there either as bride or guests who are redeemed by His blood up to that time. 4. “‘Again, he sent forth other servants; saying, Tell them which are bidden, Be- hold I have prepared my dinner. My oxen aro ready. Come unto the marriage.” Not until we shall see the fullness and mag- niflcence of all that is here signified, when we shall be at the real marriage, can we begin to imagine what is included in these preparations. But we can get some faint idea if we wiil persistently and prayerfully ponder this great faot, that God so loved that He gave His son, and that He who spared not His own Son will with Him free- ly give all things (John iii., 16; Rom. viil., 32). These servants may include the sev- enty and the apostles, but the messengers are not so important as their message: ‘‘All things are ready. Come!” 5. “But they made light of it and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise.” I am writing these notes in the harbor of Colombo, Ceylon, in the last week of ny three weeks’ trip from Shanghai to Calcutta, and I have.never been more impressed than I have these weeks at sea, with the awful truth that they all make light of it. Meeting com- panies of those who love the book from day to day every day of my life when at home, it is something new to be asked to live for weeks with men and women who roam the world over, but care not for Him or His affairs whose their breath is. 6. “And tiarempant took His servants and entreatéd them’ spitefully and slew them.” If those who make light of these things are allowed to go on their way, the way of self and death, they may not show the reality of the carnal mind that is in them, but if the invitation is pressed upon them, the spirit of hatred, which is mur- der, may bacome very manifest. 7. “But when the Line heard thereof he was wrath, and he sent forth his armies and destroyed those murderers and burned up their city.” Because there i3 wrath beware lest He take thee away with His stroke; then a great ransom cannot deliver thee (Job xxxiv., 18). : 8. “Then saith He to His servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy.” He might have said that-they did not consider His invita- tion worthy of acceptange, but He seems to pass by their treatment of Him and speaks only of their treatment of them- selves. It may belike Paul’s saying to the eople of Antioch, “Ye put the word of &od from you and judge yourselves un- worthy of everlasting life (Acts xiii., 46). 9, 10. ‘‘Go ye, therefore, into the high- ways, and as many as ye shall find bid to the marriage. So those servants went, and the wedding - was furnished with guests.” - Our present commission is to go everywhere with the invitation that the time of the marriage may come. 11. “And when the king came in to see not on a wedding garment.”” There is one, and only one, who will judge every one and everything (Acts xvii.. 31). His eyes aro as a flame of fire, and nothing can es- cape Him or them. It is a small matter eomraratively what people think of us. Christ is the Judge, not they. He has, by being made sin for us, provided a perfect righteousness which He gives fresly to any one who will truly accept Him (IL Co. v., 21). It is illustrated in the coats of skins provided for Adam and Eve (Gen. iii.,; 21), and plainly stated by the believer in Isa. vs 10. 12. “And He saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wed- ding garment? And he was speechless.” As the thief is ashamed when he is found (Jer. ii., 26) so sinners shall be ashamed and confounded when brought before His eyes of fire, and I John ij., 28, indicates a possibility of believers being in some senge and measures ashamed also. 18. “Then sald the king to the servants, Bind bim hand and foot and take him away and oast liim into outer darkness. There shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.” Only in seven places do wo find this SXplession indicating great torment. The other places are Math. viii., 12; xili., 42, 50; xxiv., 8%; xxv., 30, and Luke xiii., 28. In each aase they are from/His lips swho was the manifestation of the love of God, and who so loved us that He gave Himself for us and came from the glory of heaven to thirty-three years of unparalleled humilia- tion on this earth that we might not perish or know the meaning of this awful tors ment. 14. “For many are called, but few are chosen.” The same words are found in chapter xx., 16, in connection with “the last shall be first and the first last.” See also chapter xix., 30, and notice the con- tent concerning the rewards. We are often at fault in our judgment of who are be- lievers and who are not, of who are really sealous for God and His glory and who are not, Bat the eyes of the King will make no mistake. Let us not judge others, but as in His sight judge ourselves most se- verely, and honestly pray the words of Ps. exxxix,, 23, M4; xix., 14. When we are in- clined to look at others, may we hear Him say: ‘What is that to thee? Follow thou Mel™—Lesson Helper. Annie, the 4-year-old daughter of Councilman Boyle, was attacked in the street, at Hazelton, by a monster dog, and so badly bitten that her life is des- paired of. Edward McAnlis, aged 24, son of Hon. James McAnlis. of Wampum, who was nominated for the legislature at the re- cent primaries, shot and killed himself a few days ago. . Mrs. Anna Sankey, of New Castle, a young widow, shot Francis Hagan through the. leg near the hip, because, as she claims, he insulted her. Burglars robbed John F. Stier's store at Johnsonville, Northampton County, of $:00 worth of merchandise, and over. looked $50 in the money drawer. The average marrying age of a Frenchman is 30 years. 99:3 2 CHICKAMAUGA PARK 3 25 eX eS a Its Superior Advantages as a Maneuvering Ground For Troops. ee Ce Be Ce Be eR Be Be 0s 0 Be Be 3 0 38 38 58% The Government finds itself fortu- nate in the ownership of such a ground for the assembling, instruec- lion, and manceuvring of troops as the Chickamauga Park reservation proves to be, writes General H. V. Boynton, in the New York Sun. Un- der the act of Congress making the park a national manceuvring ground, and authorizing the Secretary of War to assemble there such a portion of the regular army as he may choose, and also to allow and arrange for the concentration and instruction of the National Guard, it was the intention to inaugurate such use of the reserva- tion during the coming season. The Adjutant-General of the army was considering what should be done in this direction, and the troops of sev- eral States were looking forward to summer or autumn camping at the park. Suddenly the practical uses of actual war set these plans aside, and replaced them by others which in- volved the concentration of armies! and their preparation for battle. 2 No other nation owns such a field for manceuvres. Eleven square miles of the tract are now fitted for regula- tion camps. Right of these are in open forest, carefully cleared of un- derbrush, and three square miles are in fields. There are four square miles within the legal limits of the tract not yet purchased. This section is largely forest, and is available for manceuvres by which it might be de- sired to instruct troops in movements through virgin forest. The entire area within the present limits of the park is clear of fences, and teams can drive over the fields and through the woods in every part of it. When the forests were cleared out the future use of the park for a camp ofin- struction was kept in mind, and orders were given that room should be made for teams to be driven through it in any direction. The forest portion of the tract was thus made practicable for artillery movements as well as for cavalry and infantry. # There are no swamp grounds in the park, and the soil in all sections is ex- cellent for camps. The natural drain- age is good, the whole tract rising gradually from the Chickamauga River, which bounds it on the east for several miles, tothe spurs of Missionary Ridge on its western boundary. Aside from been elsewhere surpassed in war. In addition to the marches over the actual ground of such contests, the observa- tion towers on the main fields, the crest road on Missionary Ridge, the roads over Lookout, and the summit of the mountain itself, afford eleva- tions from which every movement, either strategy or the tactics of the several battlefields, can be distinctly traced. The dimensions of this national LOOKOUT STATION COMMANDING MISSION- ARY RIDGE. manceuvring ground will appear from a few figures. The legal limits of the Chickamauga section embrace fifteen square miles. The crestof Missionary Ridge for eight miles is owned by the Government, as are the battlefields of General Sherman at the north end of the ridge, and of Hooker and Walthall orn Lookout Mountain. The central driveway of the park system is already finished from the northern extremity of Missionary Ridge southerly for twenty-five miles through the Chicka- mauga field toward Lafayette. The remaining five miles are under con- struction. In an east and west direc- i BR 7 \& OF % : em THOMAS’S HEADQUARTERS, SNODGRASS HOUSE, CHICKAMAUGA. the river it is a watered tract. Several small streams fed by abundant springs traverse it. There are never-failing ponds, meeting all requirements for the animals of infantry, cavalry, and artillery camps. Looking forward to the occupation of the park as a camp of instruction, the Commissioners have provided eight artesian wells in order that it might not be necessary for the troops to use surface water for drink- ing purposes. The nataral features of the park pre- sent every element of topography likely to be met with in actual cam- paigning. Therearefields and forests, each of great extent, low ridges and precipitous elevations, some clear of woods and some in timber. The Chickamauga River, with its steep banks, affords every needed facility for instruction in bridge building. The roads of the park system extend along the crestof Missionary Ridge for eight miles and cross Lookout. Mountain through the field of the ‘‘Battle Above the Clouds.” All the roads by which the Union and the Confederate armies approached and left the various fields within the limits of the park have been highly improved, and give easy access to every portion of the seven battle- fields about Chattanooga which are reached by the mileage system of the park.. These are Chickamauga, Wnu- ENTRANCE TO CHATTANOOGA CEMETERY. hatchie and Brown’s Ferry, Orchard Knob, Lookout Mountain, Missionary Ridge, Tunnel Hill, and Ringgold. Practice marches over these roads will make known to officers and men alike the unsurpassed strategy by which Chattanooga was finally secured, the intricate and quigk tactical movements of notable battles, and the splendid fighting of both §ides, which has not tion the drive from Ringgold to the western limit is eleven miles. From Missionary Ridge at Rossville to Wau- hatchie Ridge beyond Lookout Moun- tain is six miles. From the same point by way of McFarland’s Gap the western boundary of the park to its southern limits is eight miles. The total mile- age of the park system is over 100 miles. A few concise statements will show the advantages whieh the park pos- sesses for practical field instruetion. Standing on the point of Lookout, the three mountain ranges and the river over which General Rosecrans’s strategic campaign extended are-all in full view. The front of his move- ment, which when it reached the Ten- posses River after crossing the Cum- berland had a front of 150 miles, can be readily traced. All the battlefields mentioned in the course of this letter can be located, and the ground of} all the tactical movements of the battles of Wauhatchie, Orchard Knob, Lookout Mountain and Missionary Ridge can be seen and readily under- stood. The observation towers upon the battlefields of Chickamauga are under the eye and show the relative positions of the movements of that engagement to those of the battles about Chattanooga: Ringgold Gap, the elosing engagement in the series of battles embraced in the park sys- tem, is also clearly discernible. Leaving Lookout Mountain and taking position on Orchard Knob, which was the headquarters of Gen- erals Grant, Thomas and Granger throughout the battle of Chattanooga, a near view is obtained of the Con- federate position upon Missionary Ridge, and the movements of the Union troops in the Army of the Cum- berland, Army of the Tennessee and Hooker’s army for their dislodgment can be readily followed. . Passing to the crest of Missionary Ridge and driving along its summit, every feature of the Confederate position and all the Union movements as seen from that side are under the eye, as are the battlefields of Lookout and Chickamauga. The observation towers upon the Chickamauga field, which occupy the highest elevations and rise above the timber, enable the student to trace all the tactical movements of the three days’ operations upon that field. The Government road to Ringgold will be completed early in the present season and the lines of battle at that point have already been ascertaiped and partially marked. It was decided to establish the first camps in the Dyer field, which in one direction adjoin the ground where Longstreet’s columns broke the Union lines on the second day of the battle, and caused a considerable portion of the right of the army to be driven from the ficld in confusion, At its other extremity, it sweeps up to the heights of Snodgrass Hill, where those famous but unsuccessful attacks of Longstreet’s columns broke in unend- ing succession of magnificent assaults, continuing from 1 o'clock till sun- down, against the unshaken lines of Thomas. These camps will be the centre of a division line of three brigades, if the present plan of estab- lishing thereserve division at the park is carried out. : It was also determined to estab- lish the right brigade in the fields about the Bloody Pond in front of Widow Glenn’s, which was Rosecrans’s headquarters, and on the Viniard field. At this latter point, on Satur- day, seven brigades on each side swept back and forth in succeeding victories and defeats, from noon until sundown, in one of the bitterest contests of those which marked the severe fight- ing of the two days. This portion of the line also embraced the brilliant fighting of the poet Lytle’s command. The camp of the left brigade is also in plain view of the fighting ground about General Thomas’s headquarters at the Snodgrass House,and will cover a por- tion of the territory over which Gor- don Granger’s troops rushed without orders toward the sound of battle, to the relief of General Thomas and the salvation of an army. An adjoining camp overlooks the Kelly field, into which Breckinridge’s division of Confederates, turning the Union left, penetrated on Sunday morning, and over which five brigade charges occurred in the movements necessary to drive his cdlumns back. In front of this. field also ran the four divisions of the Union left, which stood as firm as did Thomas’s troops oh Snodgrass Hill, and bore the brunt of frequent assaults by the entire right wing of the enemy. The camps for cavalry have been es- tablished in the open country along the Chickamauga River from Alexan- ‘der’s Bridge to Reea’s Bridge, thus occupying the ground where Forrest's cavalry, stationed to observe the right and rear of Bragg’s army, was at- tacked by the head of General Thomas’s corps, which, by a night march, had passed around the Confederate right to a position fully in its rear, and cov- ering the roads to Chattanooga. Here Forrest’s cavalry dismounted, and fighting as infantry, so fought, in well- ordered lines, with a pluck and en- durance which, earried them into the very flashing of the guns of the Union batteries, as to create the impression with Thomas’s veterans that they were fighting infantry. On this portion of the field the soldiers now camping there will learn how for five hours a contest raged constantly at point- blank range and often almost hand+o- hand where the severity of the fight- ing is well illustrated by the single fact that one brigade of Forrest’s com- mand here lost a quarter of its entire force in killed and wounded in the first hour of the engagement. TO RESCUE ANDREE: An Expedition of French Scientists to Use an Airship. An expedition sent ont by the- French Geographical Society arrived recently at New York. Its object is to reach the Klondike by balloon or airship, and then to go to the rescue of Andree. ) i Wi Bl DN a Xs a, ) = 7 fH / / ] 7 AIRSHIP TO RESCUE ANDREE, Their airship is ‘made of silk and is now in transit to Vancouver, B. C. Its capacity is 3000 cubic meters. It carries 3300 kilograms _ (about four tons). The great merit of the ship is that it is impossible for it to lose any gas. When any escapes it is forced into a separate chamber, where it is kept fof use when needed. The great drawback tothe airship is that it con- tinually loses more or less gas. This flying machine is the most perfect in existence. It was built by M. Mallet, who built Andree’s famous airship from the plans of the great aeronaut, La Chambre. It is oblong in shape and is constructed on the plans of the well-known De Lisse sys tem. The machine is steered by a system of guide ropes, which are thrown from the car as occasion ree quires. E The River Nile has its rises, but those that do mischief are not fre- quent. During the last 1000 years there has been only one sudden rise of the Nile, that of 1829, when 30,000 people were drowned. Undulating land is better for the growth of crops than a level soil,
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers