- THE FARMERS’ 7 a == of their fstable manure when they ~ COLUMN Some Practical Suggestions Well Worth Knowing From the De- partment of Agriculture. FACTS FOR DAILY USE PEACH TREES TO PLANT FOR LONG SUCCESSION. An enterprising farmer of Lancas- ter county has written to the De- partment of Agriculture, stating that he intended to plant 250 peach trees in the spring, and asking for a list of varieties that will give ripe fruit over the longest possible period in order to have a continued sale. Zoologist H. A. Surface names the list of peach trees to give sucession from very early until very late as follows: Mayflower 15; Carmen 20; Belle of Georgia 25; Captain Ede; 2i; Elberta 65; Chair's Choice 25; Late Crawford 25; Smock 25; Iron Mountain 10 and Salway 15 15. Prof. Surface says that this will give as long a period of ripening as is possible to have good fruit and at the same time gives rather close suc cession so that you will have almost no interval in which you will not he able to be gathering and marketing some fruit. However in view of the situation as to overplanting of peach trees, and the actual loss sustained by growers by too heavy production, it requires a great deal of determina- - tion to plant more peach trees at the present time. I think that practically all growers will that from a commercial standpoint this is not ad- visabe. To plant a few for strictly local market is different and must de- pend upon conditions. agree VALUE OF STABLE MANURE. For general purposes stable ma- nures give best results all around. They have the vegtabl matter as well as the nutrient qualities. In some kinds such as cow, sheep manures etc. the nutrient qualities are more quickly available than in horse ma- nure. Horse manures as usually pro- curable, have a tendency to be either all straw which is more of a mulch present | MINER'S LOT Men Make Good Wages and and anthracite miners are now nego- tiating with their employers over a new wage scale brings to mind the fact that the lot of the coal miner is greatly improved over that of even a few years ago. Coal mining today is attended by fewer hazards and with greater com- fort after hours than was the case before safety first and welfare work became a watchword. Today the ever before, but he is also aple to live better. The pay of a coal digger viten is greater than that of men in other occupations that might appear to be more desirable. { Pennsylvania the miner is found at his best. Safety first has been the wotchword of that region for the past twenty years or more; as a matter of region, following a disastrous mine | explosion, when the late Thomas | Lynch, then general superintendent | of the big H. C. Frick Coke company, ! istued a set of rules, the keynote of which. was “Safety is the first con- sideration.” There has been a marked decline in the number of accidents since that time, and it is pertinent to note that there hasnt been a serious mine disaster at any of the Frick plants since. Not Grimy Towns. A coke town or mining village brings to the mind of the average man a picture of a squalid, desolate, dreary community; the air smoke- filled, and the houses grimy and dirty. A few years ago this picture would have been correct. Today the houses are found to be freshly painted, sur- than a nutrient, or dry burned out, due to lack of proper care, or mixed with green wood shavings or sawdust which will sour the ground unless for just surface dressing. All those who have stables and want to get the best ciéan. their stables every day, should make a layer of about two inches deep, cover this with about two inch- es of dirt and continue this until the pile reaches four or five feet high. Have this pile turned over into a new pile every three months. Be sure the rounded by attractive lawns, and on the vacant space in the rear will be found productive gardens. The filth filled streets have been eliminated, and now concrcte drains carry off the storm water and the surface drainage. Running water is found in many of the hcuso and alorg all of the streets, while at many of the plants all of the houses are lighted with electricity. Sorae of them are equipped with modern plumbing and boast of bathrooms. Practically every plert has its play- ground, and many of them are also proud of recreation centers, such a: water can, get to it once or twice a week to prevent heating. When ready for use none of the valuable ammonia has escaped and the entire mass is un- surpassed by any fertilizer. STATE AGRICULTURAL NOTES. Co-operative buying by farmers is a paying proposition for the Lancas- ter County Farmers’ Association, that recently declared a six per cent divi- dend and added the sum of $2,000 to the surplus, Altoona business men have organi- zed the Pennsylvania Hog Company with a capital of $25,000 and will go into extensive hog raising business on a 471 acre farm. An increased acreage in potatoes is expected during the coming season on account of the high prices of po- tatoes. It is a practice among pota- to growers not to plant from their own crops but to exchange for those grown on other farms. Farmers are now looking for good seed potatoes. Registration of commercial fertil- izers with the State Department of Agriculture show that potash is lim- ited ited in guarantee to ten per cent. Last year the limit of potash was a- bout three per cent, but the shortage of potash on account of the German supply being cut off by the war has led to the reduction this year. In ma- ny cases listed brands containno pot- ash at all. The Department of Agriculture will strictly enforce the meat hygiene swimming pools, gymnasiums and auditoriums. The coke region has found that contented employees are an asset, and the various companies have not been niggardly in the ex- penditures for wellfare work of every character. Street Cars Are Near. Unlike many mining districts, the Connellsville coke region is located in a populous section of western Penn- sylvania. Virtually every plant is along a street car line, and such thriving towns as Connellsville, Uniontown, Scottdale, Mount Pleas: ant, Brownsville, Masontown, Greens- burg and Latrobe are in such close proximity that they can be reached in a very short time. This is a par- ticular advantage for the miner who desires to make the most of his op- portunity in buying food, clothing or other articles, or who has a growing family and wishes to take advantage of the excellent educational advan- tages offered by those communities. There are graded schools near all of the plants, and some splendid town- ship high schools close to many of them. The street car line, however, puts the miner and his family in close touch with the towns. In common with a majority of the mining companies, those of the coke region maintain company stores. These have attained a particularly high standard. That the quality of their goods, and the standard of prices are fair is attested tc by no less an authority than Ida M. Tarbell, the noted magazine writer, who in a recent magazine article, discussing the “Golden Rule in Business,” ae- clared that regardless of what might be said of company stores eisewnere, those of the Connellsville coke region maintained a high standard of qualit;- and charged a price as low, and in law which calls for the protection of meats, displayed in £*o0:23 or markeis | many instances, lower than that asked by outside merchants. miner is not only better paid than | In the Connellsville coke ‘region of | fact the movement originated in that | On Feb. 1 of this year wages were from flies and handlinz. The : first prosecution in Blair County re- cently resulted in a retail nmieat deal- er being fined 12g. Fifteen miners were killed and fifty three injured in the tenth bituminous district, including Blair and Cambria counties last year according to the report of Joseph Williams, mine in- spector of Johnstown.One man out of every 364 employed in and around the mines met with a fatal accident, and 1 out of every 103 was hurt. . vis a A FOLEY TT Ale 7 Ths L250. Billets or i; a It first ? Wages Above Average. : With safe working conditions, de- { sirable surroundings and a standard of living made as reasonable as can be obtained anywhere, the remaining and most importan® problem for the coal miner is that of wages. The coal miner of today is a well- t paid workman. Wages in the Con- nellsville region are dominated by the H. C. Frick Coke company, and strange as it may seem, the ultimat consumer dces not feel the burde when they are advanced. The c mined in the region is made into cok: which in 1 as a fuel f« the bl It is used in the manufactaz of pig ‘iron. The ulti. | Eh ———(—— En MUCH IMPROVED Have Excellent Surroundins, Long Rows of Smoke-Grimed Houses Things of the Past SAFETY IS FIRST RULE OF MODERN MINING CONDITIONS Ash-Strewn Dooryards Are Replaced by Pretty Lawns and Garden Plots; Playgrounds, Swimming Pools and Recreation Halls Make Communities Congenial Social Centers The fact that both the bituminous | mate consumer, referring to the small buyer, never really feels the price His in- dividual purchases of steel products fluctuations in this trade. are not extensive. The wages of the coke workers and coal miners of this region are largely regulated by the price .of coke, al- though the H. C. Frick Coke company does not sell a ton of it. Its coke is consumed by the United States Steel corporation, of which sidiary. The independent operators of the region sell their coke in the open market, but they follow the lead of the dominating interest when wages are fixed. It has been the policy of the region to reduce wages only when absolutely necessary. De- spite the dull period of 1914, when stecl production was at low ebb and | coke in small "demand, the 1911 wage scale, up to that time the highest that had ever been paid, remained in force. advanced 10 per cent, to the highest level they have yet attained. Long Layoffs Unknown. The average wage of the men paid ! by the day by the largest company in the region, under the new scale, is over $3. This includes the pay of trap- per boys, day laborers, coal miners, machine men, inside and outside em- ployees, and fire bosses. It does not include the mine foremen, stable bosses, suporintendents, clerks and those who rre paid by the month. On the basis c* 2820 working days in the year, the record of 1912, which was only a rcderately busy period, the average yearly earnings of coke re- &ion employees totals $854. This com- pares with $525 a year for employees of the anthracite region, under the existing scale, and 206 working days in 1912. General suspensions for weeks at a time are unknown in the coke region, as they are being elim- inated for the first time this year in the anthracite district. . The basing of wages on the price of coke has had the result of practically eliminating labor disputes. There has not been a serious strike in the re- gion for years. Labor employed in the mine as mule drivers and track layers now commands $3.05 a day, under the new scale, while on the coke yards coke drawers are earning $3 a day. Pick miners can earn from $3.50 to $4 a day without great effort, while ma- chine loaders make $5 and over. Men who can run a mining machine expert- ly earn as high as $6 and $8 a day, al- though the average will not be over $5. Every mine in the regtom has its first aid team, while at several plants rescue stations are maintained, where trained helmetmen are ready for anv emergency. In additica $8 #3 stric state inspection as to the safety oc working conditions, meng & the com panies have their own inspectors, whe are even more exacting than th- state’s agents. Especial Interest is taken in the welfare of the employee and his fam ily. When the miner emerges from the depths after his nine hours of toil, he will step into a locked room where shower baths emable him to wash the grime from his body, and don clean, d¥y clothes. At his home, in season, the ehammes are that his table will be set with vegetables from his own garden. It is estimated that during last year garden truck to the value of $200,000 was raised in tho yards of coke town employees. Prizes are awarded each year by many of the companies, both for the most produc- tive garden and the most attractive lawn, while as an added inducement, full market price is paid at the com- pany stores for amy produce offered for sale. Fertilizer is furnished without charge, and in nearly all of the plants garbage is removed regularly several times each week. Nearly every plant has its bascball team. The H. C. Frick Coke company awards the Lynch Trophy Cup to the winning nine each season. Other com- panies also encourage these sports. Night schools are encouraged for those who desire to improve their minds, and scores of miners each year are able to qualify for state certifi cates as fire bosses and mine foremen,. Taken as a whole, the lot of the coal miner is much better than a few years ago, and there are few lines of activity in which a man can do better for himself or his family. The work is not burdensome for a man with a normal amount of brawn, and it pays better than many other lines of ac- it is a sub- 1 | REPORT SAYS HE WILL BE SECRETARY OF WAR AMERICA DEFIES Photo by American Press Association. DAVID F. HOUSTON. A GENERAL SURVEY OF THE WAR Four German seaplanes made a raid over the east and southeast coast of England, according to an announce- ment made in London. The total cas- ualties are given as two men and one boy killed and one marine wounded. Considerable matenial damage was done. Erzerum, in Asiatic Turkey, has been captured by the Russians, with a garrison estimated at 100,000 men, with 1,000 pieces of artillery. The Rus- sians have followed up the advantage by marching on the Black sea port of Trebizond, where some minor in- decisive engagements have been fuoght. Petrograd dispatches indicate tha: definite results are earliest expecied from the movement to the north, where another Russian force is work- ing along the Black sea coast in the direction of Trebizond, toward which the Russian forces from Erzerum also are pushing. The rapid advance of the Russian forces is complicating the task of the Turks in efforts to reform their scat- tered forces. Qu the western fighting front the British are struggling with the Ger- mans for small trench sections and the edges of mine craters in the sector from Arras north to the Yser canal in Belgium. British attempts to gain at Ypres have been repulsed with heavy losses, according to a Berlin story. Berlin declares that a British hand grenade attack on the position on th» canal recertly taken by the Germans was repulsed, as was also an attack along the Lens-Arras road. The of- . ficial statement likewise records a | backward push for the British south | of Loos, where they had advanced to the edge of a German mine crater. Aerial raids along the Franco-Be: gian front are reported by both sides. Paris also announces some artillery activity near Verdun and the repulse of two local attacks with hand grenades by the Germans northwest of Hill No. 140 in the Artois. A minor success for the British on the German East Africa berder is an- nounced in London. General Smuts, commander of the British forces, re. ports the repulse of a German attack on a post on the Uganda border. Premier Asquith announced in the British house of commons tnatr ne war i8 cosing England $25,000,000 a day. The United States has rejected Sweden’s request to join with that country m a protest on British mail seizures at sea. The United States has declared that the German proposal t6 torpedo armed merchantmen without notice after Feb. 29 is contrary to the terms of the Lusitania and Arabic promises made by Berlin. Austrians captured an outpost of Durazso, assisted by Albanian irregu- lars. WON'T SEND GERMANS MILK Secretary Daniels Saye He Can’t Send Supplies on Warship. The request of Dr. Edmund vven Mach of Mew York, for the United States to send a warship to Europ with a supply of milk for the babiex of Germany has been denied by Sec retary Daniels. The secretary said he could send no naval vessel into the war zone without authorization by congress. The committee has made public an analysis of the probable milk situa- tion in Germany, prepared by C. W. Larson, professor of husbandry of Pennsylvania State college, showing tivity. TUnskilled labor finds it par- ticularly attractive, because the re. | muneration is generally much higher | than contract work and affords great- | er comforts after hours. The coke region generally works a | six-day week; never more than that. The trouble mine operators have ex perienced that of 1- | ployees prefer to work only five days. | RE me IRR RL TTT ’ . | quarts per year. that there is an actual shortage of 609,542,200 quarts of milk per year in Germany. The amount needed for 7,401,000 German babies, Professor Larson says, is 2,958,792,200 quarts per year, whereas the total available milk in the empire is 2,349,250,000 The daily consump- tion of milk in New York city is over CERMAN DICTUM Merchant Ships May Arm for Dafense, Says Lansing Bernstorif informs Berlin of American Stand, Holding That Notice Given Contravents Promise In Arabic Case. The United States has taken the position that merchant vessels have a right under international law to carry armament for defense. All American diplomats in foreign countries have been notified of this stand. The formal announcements by Ger many and Austria that they will after Feb. 29 sink on sight armed mer- chant’vessels of their enemies is thus defined by the United States as con- trary to accepted laws of nations. Ambassador Bernstorff has notified Berlin that the United States will ac- cept nothing short of a complete agreement covering all points for which it has contended as to assur- ances that the warfare in the future will be conducted in accordance with the established principles of interna- tional law. It is understood that the ambassa- dor informed his government that the United States considers Germany's declaration of its intention to sink armed merchant ships without warn- ing after Feb. 29 inconsistent with the assurarces given in the Arabic case. It was said that he told the Berlin foreign office that Secretary Lansing has informed him that the United States desires the German declaration regarding armed merchant ships to be modified and that the tentative communication designed to end the Lusitania case will not be formally accepted by this country until assurances regarding the future conduct of German submarine war- fare is given. : In Teutonic diplomatic circles, it was stated that the Berlin foreign of- fice would not modify the declaration of intention to sink armed ships or inform this country that previous as- surances were binding unless Great Britain should give assurances that a submarine which warns a British ship carrying defense armament would not be fired upon. Sweden has informally advised the state department that in consequence of the announced intention of Ger- many and Austria to sink armed mer- chantmen without warning after Feb. 29, it will notify its nationals not to travel on such ships. It was explained at the legation of Sweden here that there would be no general warning, but that all Swedish consuls and legations throughout the world have been instructed to warn their subjects whenever it was known that they contemplated taking pas- sage on armed ships of the allies, Land Open For Homesteaders. President Wilson withdrew 434,000 acres of land from the Ozark National forest in Arkansas for settlement by homesteaders. Many desirable tracts already have been settled, but that still available will be thrown open April 20. MARKET QUOTATIONS Pittsburgh, Feb. 22. Butter—Prints, 37@37%c¢; tubs, 36 @36%c. Eggs—Fresh, 25c. Cattle—Choice, $8.35@8.60; prime, $8.10@8.35; good, $7.76@8; tidy butchers, $7.35@7.85; fair, $6.50@ 7.15; common, $5.50@6.25; choice heifers, $6.50@7.50; common to fair heifers, $4.50@6; common to good fat bulls, $4.50@7; common to good fat cows, $3@6.50; fresh cows and spring ers, $40@85. Sheep and Lambs—Prime wethers, $8.50@8.75; good mixed, $8@8.40; fair mixed, $7@7.75; culls and com- mon, $4@5.50; lambs, $7.50@11.60: veal calves, $11.50@12; heavy and thin calves, $7@8.50. Hogs—Prime heavy hogs, heavy mixed, mediums and heavy Yorkers, $8.60@8.65; light Yorkers, $8.25@ 8.35; pigs, $7.90@8; roughs, 3$7.50@8; stags, $6@6.50. Cleveland, Feb. 22. Cattle—Choice fat steers, $7.50@ 8.26; good ta choice butcher steers, $7@7.50; fair to good butcher steers, $6@7; good to choice heifers, $6@ 7.25; good to choice butcher bulls, $6 @7; good to choice cows, $5.50@ 6.25; fair to good cows, $4.50@5.50; common cows, $3.25@4.25. Sheep and Lambs—Good to choice lambs, $11.25@11.35; fair to good. $9.560@10.50; good to choice wethers $7.60@8; good to choice ewes, $T@ 7.50; mixed ewes and wethers, $7.25 @17.50; culls, $5.560@86.50. Hogs—Yorkers, $8.60; mediums $8.65; mixed, $8.60@8.65; pigs, $7.50@ 7.76; roughs, $7.50; stags, $5.75. Calves—Good to choice, $11.76@12; fair to good, $9@11; heavy and com: mon, $6@9. Chicago, Feb. 22. Hogs—Bulk, $8.15@8.30; light, $7.75 @8.35; mixed, $7.95@8.40; heavy $7.90@8.10; roughs, $7.90@8.10; pigs $6.25@7.40. Cattle—Native beef steers, $6.76@ 9.65; stockers and feeders, $5.65@ 7.80; cows and heifers, $3.20@8.25: calves, $8.50 @11. Sheep—Wethers, $7.75@8.30; ewes, US. .i3ED ATTAGK ILLEGAL COLAO As well as Mother Its smooth running, rol- ler bearing and rubber tired wheels make it one of the easiest running cleaners on the market. And yet it will take out as much dirt from the carpet as when father puts his strong muscles behind it, Strength isn’t necess- ary to operate one of these and get good results. That's why hundreds of women who never could stand the hard work of sweeping with fashioned broom, have been able with the use of a Torrington Superior to keep the carpets and rugs in apple pie condition x : 3 x A 5 : x x x 2 x 2 : x ¥ ; . = : : x x X x % ; 2 the year round x ; 4 LUKE HAY, 413 Main Street, AISI OB OR OE OH RRR Rr i FREE TRIAL > Made by Ee 3 THE NATIONAL SWEEPER CO 3 ; Torrington, Conn. S FOR SALE BY ; " 3 —ROOFING— I have gought a car load of No. | Galvanized Roofing and will sell at the lowest possible figure and guaran- tee the price till this car is sold, should it drop before March Ist, the cus tomer shall have the benefit. Also the best price on No." | Bangor or Sea Green Slate as cheap as shingles. Spouting, Ridging, Nails and Valleys. Write for Delivered Prices to any Railroad Station All Work Guaranteed and Done to Order. J. S. WENGERD R.D. 2 MEYERSDALE, a PENN’A. the old § A A As ro Ar Arr er rarer. Linoleum Logic High Grade Merchandise The policy of stocking only high- merchandise is back of oo Trends tion o Armstrong’s Linoleum Careful investigation carried conviction. All materials are tested and every inch is inspected before it leaves the factory. The new patterns and colors put Arm. strong’s in a class by itself. Patterns for every room in the house. R. REICH & SON THE HOME FURNISHERS Complete From Cellar to Attic 120 Center St. Meyersdale ITCH! ITCH! ITCHI SCRATCH! SCRATCH! SCRATCH $5.50@8.25; lambs, $9@11.50. 2,000,000 quarts. : | Wheat $1.245;. Corn—May, ; 767%c. Oats—May, 46%ec. May, The more you scratch, the worse the itch. Try Doan’s Ointment. For écsema, any skin ftching. 50c a box. if Sledge, a Tatuated wi street car ‘her red rose On Molly’ party. 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If the 4 us we may sprung anc once.” “Fix Lar Sledge. “Ill go and, of cou q 4 to Lansdal ] comes from SRidn’t want * lent until “Today,” “I got yc “If Lansda to resign f ly,” and no sary, he ht pointment Distillers’ a Bozzam ¢ polished ge not offensiv “How goc¢ “Splendid stock’s all We're read; put over a some sort. tle one, th are our gar “Get busy “With the A grunt.c as he looke fence wv’ ’ way. mop lear . scantlings, Bozzam 1 ment and, penetration errand was “Good da the door. Bendix ar a square ja came in, a latter to B two gentlen shook hand was careles had alread; of fact, exclusiy usement “Stick arc ‘Tom, Bozz will fix the :Bendix, Sledge’s re new to him “We'll ge hotel in abc and Bozzan out to the 1 “Naw!” “You'd b what you w suggested should be p: ly. Is ever: Alf & £ XL
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers