1 tHE FULTON COUNTY NEWS. McGONNELLSBURG. PA. WASHINGTON IN PRIVATE LIFE Was Typical Country Gentleman on His Superb Estate of Mount Vernon. DIRECTED WORK OF SLAVES Father of His Country Actively Super intended All Farm Labor Open. Handed Hospitality a Feature of the Dally Life. GEORGE WASHINGTON'S homo life at Mount Vernon was divided Into three peri ods: (I) From 1752, when as youth of twenty ho Inherited the family estate, to 177r, when he leff to take command of the Itevolutlonnry rmy: (2) from Christmas eve, 1783, when he returned home after peace had been made, until 1789, when he became president ; (3) from 1797, when be retired from tho presidency, to 1799, when he died. During the war and during his presidency he visited the place occasionally, hut only for a few days at a time. Some delightful glimpses Into this bappy home life are given by Paul WlUtach In "Mount Vernon," published by Doubleday, Page & Co. WHEN George Washington became master of the Virginia mansion It was not nearly so lurge as it Is to day, for he built the banquet hall on the north, the library on the south, the third story, the verandns, colonnades, piazza and tower, the great bnrn and many of the other outbuildings, be sides laying out and planting the gar dens. It was not until after his marriage to "the charming widow," Martha Dnn drtdge Custls, in 1759, that the family life really began. With Mrs. Washington came the two children of her former marriage, Mar tha and John Parker Custls. "These four were tho nucleus of a busy and extensive life on the estate. The gradual accumulation of shoemak ers, tailors, smiths, carpenters, wheel wrights, masons, charcoal burners, farmers, millers, hostlers, house and outside servants, and overseers, all with their families, constituted an army of several hundred. Everything and everybody that hnd no relation to the 'big house,' as the master's dwell ing on a Virginia estate has always "After Breakfast He Rode Out to Overlook the Laborers." been called, fell under the direct Ju risdiction of Colonel Washington. . . . The bouse servants and all those con nected with the domestic side of life In the big house were the responsi bility of Mrs. Washington. 44 A FTEIt the faslilon of most old il Virginia homes, the kitchen was In a detached house naxt to the big bouse, and processions of pickaninnies carried the heaped dishes across the lawn Into the family dining room. The modern or even the now old-fashioned cookstove was unknown. The altar of this temple was a great fireplace with an opening which would accommodate half a dozen grown persons. Here andirons held wood cut to cord size, and often oak logs which strained a brace of black backs to lift Into plnce. Cranes of Iron, wrought in the black smith shop over the hill, swung steam ing kettles above the glowing coals. Quarters of beef, young suckling pigs, and rows of fowl, game and domestic, were roasted on spits. Corn pone and tweet potatoes nestled In the ashes." They refurnished the house almost throughout, ordering the goods from London, where the Virginia colonial dames did most of their shopping, though It was then more distant than is Japan today. 44'pilET both were early rlserR, 1 though breakfast was not early for all the household. Washington In winter often made his own fire In his library, and there, over his correspond ence and accounts, did an Immense amount of work in a few hours. Mrs. Washington rose when he did and di rected the beginning of the day's do mestic duties Into easy and ordered channels. After breakfast he rode out on one of his horses to overlook the laborers on the various farms Into which he divided Mount Vernon estate, and returned, according to Custls, 'punctual as the hand of a clock, at a quarter to three . . . ond retired A GROWING CHILD "George Washington didn't have no children, did be?" "Naw; he was too busy being the tatber of bis country." to his room to dress, as was his ens' torn.' Mrs. Washington chose the first hour for religious devotion In her own room, an unfulllng custom her life long. Dinner was a mid-afternoon meal- after the Southern tradition. Washington rarely ate any supper, though It wus always spread for his household and guests. When at Mount Vernon It wus his habit to retire at nine o'clock." TEFORK the Revolution Mount D Vernon bore Its share of the open-handed hospitality which distin guished Virginia colonial life. The brief cull of visitors, whoso home base Is ncur by, was practically unknown. Distances were great, travelers came with their own coach and horses and servants, and an arrival meant addi tional places at the master's table and in the servants' hall, additional beds, and stabling and feed for from six to twelve liorses. It wus part of the flex ible, cordial soclul system, and the hospitality and provision was on a large scale. Everyone was welcome: brothers and sisters, nephews and nieces, and cousins to remote degrees; friends passing north and south, cross ing from Muryland to lower Virginia, or only on their way to the plantation In 1814, When the British Fleet Sailed Up the Potomac, They Saluted Mount Vernon Instead of Destroy ing It. next beyond. Not least welcome were strangers, with and often without let ters. "Rainy days, or the early winter evenings, were devoted to cards. Wash ington's account books Indicate that playing, cards were quickly used up. The profit ond loss columns record his winnings and losses, which at times mounted to nine pounds at a sitting. It was a liberal age. Not only was gambling on a moderate scale consid ered a fashionable diversion, but the family at Mount Vernon patronized the lotteries on various occasions." HERE are some extracts from the diary of John Hunter, a London merchant, who spent a day and a night at Mount Vernon In 1785: "The generul enme In again, with his hair neatly powdered, a clean shirt on, a new plain drab coat, white waist coat and white silk stockings. At three dinner was on the table, and we were shown by the general Into an other room, where everything was set' off with a peculiar taste, and at the same time very neat and plain. The general sent the bottle about pretty freely after dinner, and gave success to the navigation of the Potomac for his toasts, which he has very much at heart. . . ." "We had a very elegant supper about that time. The general with a few glasses of champagne got quite merry, and being with his intimate friends, laughed and talked a good deal. Before strangers he is generally very reserved, and seldom says a word ... At twelve I hud the honor of being lighted up to my bedroom by the general himself. . . . "When the generul takes his coach out he always drives six horses; to his chariot he only puts four. . . . I fancy he is worth 100,000 pounds sterling and lives at the rate of 3,000 or 4,000 a year." . . . IN the finnl period the life at Mount Vernon was livelier thun ever the good, old-fashioned life of a Virginia country gentleman ; open house to all ; many guests, both American and for elgn, but both Otorge and MartES Washington restricted certain time for their own. "After dinner he spent an Interral talking with them, 'with a glass of Ma delra by his side,' and then withdrew Both Were Early Risers. to his library again, where he made a hasty survey of the newspupers, of which he received a great many, and retired for the night at nine o'clock, If possible without appearing at sup per. "When tho gentlemen of tho Alex andria assemblies sent their polite in vitation to the general and his wife for their winter dances he replied that his dancing days were over. But he drove up to town frequently for visits that included a duck dinner nt Mine Host Gudsby's City hotel, a review, of Cap tain Plercy's Independent Blues, and the casting of his last vote. The poll ing place was up n flight of outside! steps, so rickety that when the huge form of the general approached their foot, the bystanders, apprehending dan ger to him, with silent and spontane ous accord braced the stairway with their shoulders as he mounted, and waited there until he descended." IN 1814, when tho British fleet sailed up the Potomac, they saluted Mount Vernon Instead of destroying it. The place was bought In 1859 by the Mount Vernon Ladles' Association of the Union. At that time the only objecta In the bouse that had been associated with Its immortal owner's life were the key of the Bastille, the clay bust which Houdon modeled, a plaster bust of La fayette, the old globe In the library and some camp equipment. During the Civil war Mount Vernon was by spontaneous consent of both sides the only neutral ground in the country. Soldiers left their arms out side the gatea and "men In blue and men In gray fraternised before tbe tomb of the father of their divided country." 1 WILSON WARNS . CENTRAL POWERS Answers Hertling and Czernln By Declaring It War of Emancipation. ADDRESSES THE CONGRESS Shows Willingness to Give and Take Somewhat. Washington. There can be no peace based upon the German position out lined by Count von Hertling, the Ger man chancellor, in hla recent address to the Reichstag committee, President Wilson today told a Joint session of Congress. The President reiterated in the utrongest language that the Gorman position makes for continuation of the war. The Austro-Hungarian attitude U directly the opposite of that of Ger many, the President declared, and he praised the address of Count Czernin, but made it plain that Germany's con trol and dominance of Austria has pie vented Austria being as frank as It must be. The President's address follows: Gentlemen of the Congress: On the 8th oi January I had the honor qf addressing you on the ob jects of the war as our principle con ceived them. The Prime Minister of Great Britain had spoken in similar ton.'g on the 5th of January. To these addresses the German Chancellor re plied on the 24th ond Couut Czernin, for Austria, on the wine day. It is gratifying to have our desire so p:c:nptly realized that all exchanges of view on this great matter should be made in the hearing of all the world. "Count Czernln's rpply, which is di rected chiefly to my own address of tho eighth of January, is uttered in a very friendly tone. He finds in my strtements a sufficiently encouraging approach to the views of his own gov ernment to Justify him in believing t!iat it furnishes a basis for a more do t r-.Tled discussion of purposes by the two governments. He is represented to have Intimated that the views he was expressing had been communi cated to me beforehand, and that I was o.ware of them at the time he was uttering them, but in this I am sure he was misunderstood. 1 had received r.o intimation of what he intended to pr.y. There was, of course, no reason v.Oiy he should communicate privately with me. I am quite content to be one of his public audience. Hertling's Reply Confusing. "Count Von Hertling's reply is, I must say, very vague and very confus ing. It Is full of equivocal phrases r.nd leads It is uot clear where. But it Is certainly in a very different tone from that of Count Czernin, and ap parently of an opposite purpose. It confirms, I am sorry to say, rather than removes the unfortunate Impres sion mde by what we had learned of the conferences at Brest-Lltovsk. His discussion and acceptance of our gen eral principles lead him to no prac tical conclusions. He refuses to apply them to the subs'jmtive items which must constitute the body of any final settlement. He Is Jealous of international action and of international counsel. He ac cepts, he says, the principle of public diplomacy, but he appears to Insist that it he confined, at any rate In this caw, to generalities and that the several particular questions of territory and sovereignty, the several questions uion v.-hose settlement must depend the ac ceptance of peace by the 23 states now engaged in tho wa.r, must be discus-sed and-settled, not in genera! council, but severally by the nations most imme diately concerned by interest or ne.lgh boi'hood. He agrees that the seas should be free, but looks askance at any limitation to that freedom by in ternational action In the Interest of the common order. He would with out reserve be glad to see economic barriers removed between nation and nation, for that could in no way Im pede the ambitions of the military patty with whom he seems constrain ed to keep on terms. "He seems constrained to keep on terms. Neither does he raise objec tions to a limitation of armaments. That matter will be settled of itself, he thinks, by the economic conditions which much follow the war. But the German colonies he demands, must be returned without debate. Ho will dhcuss with no one but the represen tatives of Russia what disposition shall be made of the peoples and the lands of tho Baltic provinces, with no oue but the government of France the con ditions under which French territory shall bp evacuated, and (.nly with Aus tria what shall be done with Foland. In the determination of all questions offectjng the Balkan states he defers, m I understand him, to Austria and Tut key; and with regard to the agree ments to be entered Into concerning the non-Turkish peoples of the pres ent Ottoman empire, to the Turkish au thorities themselves. After a settle ment all around, effected In this fashion, by Individual barter and con cession, he would have no objection, if RUSSIA OUT OF WORLD WAR. Orders Complete Demobilization Of Forces On All Fronts. Amsterdam. Russia has declared the state of war to be at an end and has ordered the demobilization of Russian forces on all fronts, accord ing to a d Is-patch received here dated Brest-Lltvosk on Sunday. The dis patch followa: "The President of the Russian dele Cation at today' (Sunday's) sitUmj I correctly interpret his statement, to a league of nations which would under take to hold the new balance of power steady against external disturbance. "It must be evident to everyone who understand what this war has wrought in the opinion and temper of tho world that no general peace, no peace worth the infinite sacrifices of these years of tragical suffering, can possibly be arrived at in any such fashion. The method the German Chancellor proposes Is the method of the Congress of Vienna. We cannot and will not return to that. What Is at stake now Is the peace of the world. What we are striving for is a new in ternational order based upon broad and universal principles of right and Justice no mere peace of shrews and patches. Is it possible that Count von Hertling does not see that; doesn't grasp it; Is, In fact, living in his thought In a world dead and gone? Has he utterly forgotten the Reichstag resolutions of the 19th of July, or does he deliberately ignore them? They spoke of the conditions of a general peace; not of national aggrandizement or of arrangements between Btate and state. Ihe peace of the world depends upon the Just settlement of each or the sev eral problems to which I adverted in my recent address to Congress. I, of course'do not. mean that the peace of the world depends upon the acceptance of any particular set of suggestions as to the way In which those problems are tb be dealt with. I mean only that those problems each and all affect the whole world; that unless they are dealt with In a spirit of unselfish and un biased Justice, with a view to the wishes, the natural connections, the racial aspirations, tho security and the peace of mind of the peoples involved, no permanent peace will have been at tained. They cannot be discussed separately or In corners. None of them constitutes a private or separate in terest from which the opinion of the world may be shut out. Whatever af fects the peace affects mankind, and nothing settled by military force, if settled wrong, is settled at all. It will presently have to be reopened. "Is Count von Hertling not aware that ho is speaking in the court of mankind; that all the awakened na tions of the world now sit In Judgment on what every public man, of what ever nation, may say on the issues of a conflict which has spread to every region of the world? The Reichstag resolutions of July themselves frank ly accepted the decisions of that court. There shall be no annexations, no con tributions, no punitive damages. Peo ples are not to be handed about from one sovereignty to another by an Inter national conference or nn understand Inn between rivals and antagonists. National aspirations must be respect ed; peoples may now be dominated and governed only by their own con sent. " 'Self-determination' is not a mere phrase. It Is an Imperative principle of action, which statesmen will hence forth Ignore at their peril. We can not have general peace for the asking, or by the mere arrangements of a peace conference. It cannot be pieced together out of individual understand ings between powerful states. All the parties to this war must join in the settlement of every issue anywhere Involved In it; because what we are seeking is a peace that we can all unite to guarantee and maintain and every Item of It must be submitted to the common Judgment whether it be right and fair, an aot of pus-tice, rather than a bargain between sovereigns. "The United States has no desire to Interfere in European affairs or to act as arbiter in European territorial disputes. She would disdain to take advantage of any Internal weakness or disorder to impose her own will upon another people. She is quite ready to be shown that the settlements she has suggested are not the best or the most enduring. They are only her own pro visional sketch of principles and of Hip way in which they should be ap plied. But she entered this war he cause she was made a partner, whether she would or not, in the sufferings and Indignities Inflicted by the! military masters of Germany against the peace and security of mankind; and the con ditions of peace will touch her as near ly as they will touch any other nation to which Is entrusted a leading part In the maintenance of civilization. She cannot see her way to peace until the causes of this war are removed, its re newal rendered as nearly as may be Impossible. "This war had Its roots in the disre gard of the rights of small nations and of nationalities which lacked the union and the force to make good their claim to determine their own allegiances and their own forms of political life. Covenants must now be entered into which will render such things lni'pos sible for the future; and those cove nants must be backed by the united force of all the nations that love jus tice and are willing to maintain it at any cost. If territorial settlements and the political relations of great populations which have not the organ ized power to resist are to be deter mined by the contracts of the power ful governments which conslder-them-selves most directly affected, as Count von Hertling proposes, why may not economic questions also? "It has come about in the altered world In whieh we now find ourselves that Justice and the rights of peoples affect the whold field of international dealing as much a access to raw ma terials and fair and equal conditions of trade. Count von Hertling wants the essential basis of commercial and in dustrial life to be safeguarded by com- stated that, while Russia was desist ing from signing a formal peace treaty, It declared the state of war to be ended with Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria, simultane ously giving orders for complete de mobilization of Russian forces on all fronts." Leon Trotsky, the Bolshevik Foreign Minister, alluding later to the further, dlsr-usslons that will arise from the situation created between the Central Powers and Ruesla for the establish ment of reciprocal diplomatic, con- l mon agreement and guarantee, but he cannot expect that to be conceded him If the other matter to bo determined by tho articles of peace are not hand led In the same way as Items in Che final accounting. "He cannot ask the benefit of com mon agreement In the one field -without according in the other. I take It for granted that he sees that separate and selflBh compacts with regard to trade, and the essential materials of marfufocture would afford no founda tion for peace. Neither, he may rest assured, will separate and selfish com pacts with regard to provinces aud peoples. "Count Czernin seems to see the fundamental elements of peace with clear eyes and does not week to ob scure them. He sees that an independ ent Poland, made up of all the indis putably Politfh peoples who lie con tiguous to one another, is a matter of European concern and must, of course, be 'conceded that Belgium must be evacuated and restored, no matter vhat sacrifices and concessions that may involve; and that national aspira tions must be satisfied, even within his own empire, in the common interest of Europe and mankind. If he is silent about questions which touch the interest and purpose of hiB allies more nearly than they touch those of Austria only, It must, of course, be because he feels constrain ed, I supppose, to deler to Germany and Turkey in the circumstances. See ing and conceding, as he does, the es sential principle- involved and the necessity of candidly applying them, he naturally feels that Austria can re sjtond to the purpose of peace as ex- pressed by the United States with less embarrassment than could Germany. Ho would probably have gone much farther had it not been for tho embar rassment of Austria's alliances and of her dependence upon Germany. "After all, the test of whether It Is possible for either government to go any further in this comparison ct views is simple and obvious. The principles to be applied are these: "First, that each part of the final settlement must be based upon the es sential Justice of that particular case and upon such adjustments as are most likely to bring a peace that will be permanent; "Second, that peoples and provinces are not to be bartered about from sov ereignty to soverlgnty as if they were mere chattels and pawns in a game, even the great game, now forever dis credited, of the balance of power; but that "Third, every territorial settlement involved in this war must be mado In the Interest nnd for the benefit of the populations concerned, and not as a part of any mere adjustment or com promise of claims among rival states; and, "Fourth, that all well-defined na tional aspirations shall be accorded the utmost satisfaction that can be accord ed them without introducing new or perpetuating old elements of discord and antagonism that would be likely in time to break the peace of Europe and consequently of the world. "A general peace erected upon such foundations can be discussed. Until such a peace can be secured we have no choice but to go on. So far as we can judge, these principles that we re gard as fundamental are already every where accepted as imperative, except among the spokesmen of the military and annexationist party In Germany. If they have anywhere else been re jected the objectors have not been sufficiently numerous or1 Influential to make their voices audible. "The tragical circumstance is that this one party In Germany Is apparent ly willing and able to send millions of men to their death to prevent what all the world now sees to be just "I would not be a true spokesman of the people of the United States If I did not say once more that we entered this war upon no small occasion, and. that we can never turn back from a course chosen upon principle. Our re sources are in part mobilized now, and we shall not pause until they are mobilized in their entirety. "Our armies are rapidly going to the- fighting front, and will go more and more rapidly. Our whole strength wilt be put into this war .of emancipa tion emancipation from the threat and attempted masterly of selfish groups of autocratic rulers whatever the difficulties and present partial de lays. We are Indomitable in our pow er of independent action and can In no circumstances consent to live in a world governed by intrigue and force. We believe that our own desire for a new international order under which reason and Justice and the common In terests of mankind shall prevail is the desire of enlightened men everywhere. Without that new order the world will bo without peace nnd Unman life will lack tolerable conditions of existence and development. Having set our hand to the task of achieving it, we shall not turn back. "I hope that It is not necessary for me to add that np word of what I have said is Intended ns a threat. That is not the temper of our people. I have spoken thus only that the whole world may know the true spirit of America that men everywhere may know that our passion for Justice and for self-government is no mere passion of words;, but a passion which, once set in action, must be satisfied. The power of the United States is a menace to no nation of people. It will never be used In ag gression or for the aggrandizement of any sclflsliv interest of our own. It springs out of freeodiu and is for the service of freedom." sular legal and economic relations, Indicated a method of direct inter course between the governments con cerned, as well as employment of the commissions of the Quadruple Alli ance which already are at Potrograd. A curious feature of the recent air raids on London has been the rapid detection by dogs of the presence oi hostile aircraft. Bomb dropping at r distance of three or four miles alwayt causes the dog in London suburbs Ui bark. 170 SOLDIERS LOST ON THEJUSCANIA Not More Than That Number Believed to Have Perished VICTIMS REST IN SCOTLAND Countryside Is Raising Funds For Permanent Memorial Villagers Pay Tribute At Fu neral. Washington. War Department ad vices indicate that very few American soldiers lost their lives in the destruc tion of the liner Tuscanla in addition to the 1C4 rcportod as burled on the" Scottish coast. The latest reports place the American loss at not more than 170 of the 2,179 who were on board the ship, although the list of rescued still Is far from complete. Seven additional survivors were of ficially reported, reducing the depart ment's list ef those not recorded as saved to about 260. The War Department Is exchanging dally long cablegrams with the em bassy at London In an effort to com plete the survivors' roll and untangle numes garbled in transmission. In spite or the fact that only some 260 of those nn the passenger list are offi cially unaccounted for, the department has more than 270 names of survivors which it has been ur.iblo to decipher. About 40 of these are supposed to be duplications nnd as many more are names of men of whom there Is no record. Of the 18-i Americans burled in Scot land It was not possible to identify 33 ho were disfigured beyond recogni tion. Praise for efficient co-operation by 'the British War Office In the rescue of survivors Is given by General Tersh ing in a cnblegram received at the War Department. The Young Men's Christian 'Association and tfio Red Cross also are cited for valuable as sistance. r Vast 17 Are Burled. A Scotch Seaport. Up to Tuesday night, a week after tho dl.-aster, 171 victims of the ill-fated Tuscanla bad been laid to rest at different points on the Scottish coast. These were divided as follows: Americans, 131 Identified and 33 unidentified; crew, Identified und 3 unidentified. The last 17 bodies, all Americans, were buried Tuesday afternoon, vil lagers again coming many miles In a downpour of rain to pay their simple tribute to the American dead. The bod'ies were brought to the burial place on one big motor truck, which was followed along the route several miles Ions by the squad of 25 khaki clad American survivors and the vil lage mourners. One of the villagers carried the Union Jack, while an American soldier held aloft the Stars and Stripes. At the graveside the Americans sang the "Stnr-Spangled Banner," fol lowed by the natives singing "God Save the King." The usual military salute was the n fired, ending the cere mony. DRYS GAIN 88 COUNTIES. 2,374 In U. S. Now Bar Liquor And 615 Still Wet. Washington. The Board of Tem perance, Prohibition and Public Morals of the Methodist Church an nounced that a survey It has Just com pleted shows that there are 2,374 dry counties and 615 wet counties in the United States, a dry gain for the year 1917 of 88 counties. The District of Columbia was made dry by act of Con gress, while New Hampshire, Utah and Indiana were added to the prohibition states by legislative action and New Mexico by vote of the people. New York added 117 towns to its dry list and Illinois closed saloons In Its state capital. 100 POUNDS PER MAN A DAY. That Is What It Takes To Keep A U. S. Soldier In France. Chicago. To maintain the Ameri can Army in France one hundred pounds of gross tonnage a day must bo landed at French ports for each man. according to Captain Earl J. Zimmerman, executive officer of the depot quartermasters' department here. "The American people have no conception of the quantity of supplies needed for the men 'over there,' " said Captain Zimmerman, "nor of the diffi culty of getting it to them. For exam ple, it takes 23,000,000 pounds of frozen beef each month to feed a million soldiers." U-BOATS MAKE BIG HAUL. Thirteen British Ships Over 1,600 Tons And Six Smaller Sunk. London. Nineteen British , mer chantmen were sunk by mine or sub marine in tho past week, according to the Admiralty statement. Of these 13 were vessels of 1,600 ton9 or more and fix wero under that tonnage. Three fishing craft also were sunk. TO INTERN ARMY SERGEANT. Accused Of Stealing And Copying Im portant Papers. Seattle, Wash. Sergt.-Maj. Thomas Helmuth RItter, held at Camp Lewis, Tacoma, will be sent to Fort Douglas, Utah, and interned fo rthe duration of the war, United States District At torney Clay Allen announced. Bitter a native of Germany Is charged with stealing and copying important papers from the headquarters of the Three Hundred and Sixty-first Infantry SUSPICIOUS OF TROTZKY "PEACE Germany Worried Over Latest Move By the Bolshevik). DEMOBILIZATION STOPPED Order For Russian Demobilization Said To Have Been Canceled And Berlin Fears Trick War Prisoners. Amsterdam. Judging from the lat ent indications In the German pres. much dissatisfaction and suspicion has been aroused by the latest move of Foreign Minister Trotzky. 'Important political and military leaders are said to be conferring busily to find th best solution to the puzzle. The Kreuz Zcitung, of Berlin, on Tuesday declared "on reliable informa tlon," that Trotzky's proposal is in no Circumstances to be regarded as a peace offer, while It is pointed out by other papers that the Russian war theatre was mentioned especially in the official army report ol Tuesday. A Berlin telegram to the Koeleniche Volkszeltung of Wednesday says: "The Government is not willing to continue re'ntlons with Russia on any basis whatsoever unless the present Russian Government signs a regular peace treaty, As, however, it must be reckoned, for tho present at any rate, that Trotzky docs not think of sign ing ony formulated peace declaration, a situation is created which makes necessary a thorough discussion be tween the Government and the su preme army command." Tho correspondent In an apparently inspired passage adds: "The Chancellor is resolved under no circumstances to conduct further negotiations in any neutral centre, anil it will be the affair of the Central Pow ers to determine where such negotia tions may best he held. The recall of the economic commission from Petro grad Is under consideration. On the other hand, it is evidently realized that the question of the big army of Austro-German prisoners of war in Russian territory still con trolled by Petrograd cannot be over looked." A telegram from Vienna to the Tag llsuhe Rundschau says: "It is pointed out In well-informed quarters that the confusiou and uncer. talnty of Internal conditions in Russia demand that the Centra! Towers adopt a cautious and waiting attitude, and that in spite of the absence of a for mal conclusion of peace, there be no hindrance to the exchange of prison ers." All German newspapers note the fact that three hours after a message was sent out announcing the Issuance of a demobilization order to the Rus sian Army', another Russian message was issued ordering that circulation of this communication be stopped. It Is suggested that this indicates that the Bolshevik government no longer thinks of adhering to the declaration of Foreign Minister Trotzky. The Zeltung Am MIttag goes so far as to say that there are proofs thnt Trotzky's promiseo a Russian de- . mobilization Is a sham manoeuvre. It declares that reliable reports repre sent the Bolshevlkl as energetically forming a red guard army out of the remnants of the Russian army in the hope of raising 1,000,000 men to estab lish Bolshevik power in the border states. The line of demarcation along the eastern front must be maintained, in consequence of the Russians' refusal to sign a peace treaty, a Vienna dis patch to the Lokal Anzelger of Berlin ays. Turkish troops will take posses sion of all Turkish territory which hitherto has been occupied by Rus sians. FOR ENEMY ALIENS ON ROADS. 8tate Highway Officials Want Interned Germane To Work. , Washington. The executive com mittee of the American Association of State Highway Olllclals met here to discuss a program of road buildini? and maintenance as a means of assist' ing In the succcessful prosecution of the war. 1 A Joint resolution pending in the House authorizing the Secretary of War to provide regulations for Intern ment camps and to employ the prison ers as agricultural laborers on public highways was approved by the high way officials, who said the problem of labor for road work virtually would be solved it' the Government author izes tho employment of convict labor. 35,596 ENEMY ALIENS IN N. Y. Number Considerably Below Federal And Police Estimates. New York. When the time limit for German enemy aliens to register expired here 35.5D6 had filed their affidavits in New York City. Thi number Is considerably below esti mates made by Federal and police au thorities, who calculated that from 47, 000 to 60,000 were liable Tor registra tion here. POLISH TROOPS REACH WARSAW. Arrive Secretly On Special Mission To The Cabinet. Amsterdam. The Taeglische Rund schau, of Berlin, announces that deputation of Polish troops from Rus sia ha's arrived secretly at Warsaw on a special mission to the Polish cabinet. "Weems" is the correct pronuncls1 tlon of the last name of Sir Koslyn Wemyss, new first sea lord of Great Britain.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers