i
SECRET NOT LOST
Composition of Greek Fire of An
cient Days Still Known.
,n This Department: Our Readers In Fultor
Around the NAorld NAl-th -the
of History INIatclng
bounty a
Damera
id Elsewhere May Journey
n -the Trail
Ingredients Are Said to Be Identical
With Those of Liquid Used In
Modern Times by 8ome of
Warring Powers.
appenln
THE FULTON COUNTY NEWS, McCONNELLSBURO, PA.
Pictures
of
for
Mews
Readers
UNCLE SAM'S BIGGEST ARMY AVIATION SCHOOL
i-it. L:t:m:n..iJrv. " 1
4
' f
Qtncrnl scene showing tho Rrounds of the lorgHt of Uncle Sinn's nnny aviation schools, at North Island, located
;c::r Eun Diego, Cal. The school Is commanded by Col. W. E. Glassford. It Is the crack school of the country, and
It Is expected mat over zuu aviators win De grauuated from this instruction post every year.
A FRENCH SAUSAGE BALLOON
'1 .
7 A 1
.Wri '& " - : .-"..T 2- i-.' Willi I I i f
IS LEARN TO SHOOT
r
or ;
a;
'1C.
v:
iV xi
Jtudents In a New York school
I ladles are leamlnu ,how to
Jllle. The young lady In the
tukl"g a kneellnB nlm.
JNG OF GAS ATTACK
9
le horns are used In the
oches to give warning .to
dugouts of a gag Wnve or
NEW DEATH-DEALING RIFLE
i ; Wit' r -OTMt;', , ; , , , flSBtii-Mfe "ifcllitlf
The nltlsropo rifle, tho latest denth-donlor to make Its appenranre. The
action of the rifle Is similar to that of tho submarine periscope, the firing be
ing done after the atin Is found through the reflecting lenses. The mnrksnuin
Is crouched far below tho edge of the trench, his entire head being concealed
from tho enemy. Taking tho modern Sprlngfleld rifle, as used by the United
States army, the two Inventors built Into It a frame of compressed Bteel to
lower or raise the barrel. They also added reflecting lenses to permit the
marksman to hold the butt of the gun In tho customary shoulder position and
get his aim through the sights of the elevated barrel. In this wny the barrel
of the rifle projects over tho edge of the trench while the marksman remains
fully covered. Experts who hove examined the Invention declare It to be as
effective as the regular rifle nud It can bo operated with a greater degree of
safety by the soldier. It can be fired without raising the barrel or used as an
altlscope gun at will.
THE BATTLE CRY OF WAR
Miss Ethel Darrymoro as "'Grief," Mrs. Oliver Hnrrlmnn as "Victory"
and Mine. Frances Alda as "Amcrtcn" In the "Battle Cry of War," given for
the Junior Patriots of America In New York.
BUSINESS MEN UNDERGOING VOLUNTARY MILITARY TRYING
-rTTTTTTZr ff,,.f,1Fr,g;ij ;
This picture shows a number of New York and Brooklyn business men undergoing voluntary military trulnlug
at Governor's Island. Offlcers from the post are drilling the men. iruimun
MACHIN ON THE FRENCH FRONT
fags v$&st5ifmi r SS5. --i:
FRENCH FRONT IS NETWORK OF LIGHT RAILWAYS
Nlifc..,.:A.. aaaK-'MK
Most of the roads In the western war area now have light railways on cither side over which the peculiar little
engines, one of which Is shown here, transport supplies to tho trenches.
SOLDIERS ENJOYING A SWIM
t5 Tszwr
Is
WW'','wwvW'".nww.vi,.vii.wiii ...-..,,.,.,
This stone swimming tank was built by the Zouaves two miles In the rear
of the "trenches.
UNITED STATES SUBMARINE TENDER
'J JWL
I tmf T'IK fTWir if
J -'4 i urn ii iiMiinin.Miviit f .wJ
WOMAN JOINS THE NAVY
t fib a
. 0 D
rjl X 'ii'f
1 x Y?
f " '( '
- I - T- - ' ' :
The Tallahassee, a submarine tender, a type of the United States navy's
tooting submarine bases.
Miss Loretta Walsh, a twenty-year-old
Philadelphia girl, has been sworn
In as chief yeoman and thus became
tho first woman In the United States
navy. She has been assigned to re
cruiting duty.
In 1492.
Willie rop, why did the people In
Columbus' tlnio believe the world was t
roundT
Pop Principally because they didn't .
think Columbus was on the square. -
It Is a common error to suppose
thut the secret of the composition of
the Greek fire so Jculously guarded by
the emperors of Constantinople Is
lost. On the contrary, It Is set out at
length In an Arabic manuscript of
the year 1225, now In the Royal mu
seum at Leydcn, as well as In the bet
ter-known "Liber Ignlum ad Combuf
endiim Hostes" of Martin Graecus,
written flvo years later and repub
lished In 13-12. Its ingredients are
there given us naphtha, pitch, resin
and sulphur and are Identical, accord
ing to n scientific writer, with those
of the liiiild used today by some of
tilt! warring nations.
The well-known passage In the Sire
de Jolnvllle's Memoirs about It "com
ing flying through the air like a
winged dragon, about the thickness
of a hogshead, with the report of
thunder and the speed of lightning so
that the darkness of the night was dis
pelled by this horrible Illumination,"
has misled scholars us to the way It
was projected. Pots contulnlng it
were undoubtedly hurled by engines
on board ship resembling the modern
which was also tho ancient cata
pult; but the Greek sailors of the
Middle Ages also used a chclroslphon,
or hand tube, worked by on officer,
culled a slphonotor, which enubled
him to direct It on any point he
pleased of tho enemy's vessel. This
was undoubtedly the parent of tho
modern method.
llow the liquid In question was
forced out of the tube may still be
doubtful but Professor Bury, In the
notes to his edition of Gibson, thinks It
was done by gunpowder, the composi
tion of which was, according to him,
already known to tho Greeks of Do
Jolnvllle's time. This would, perhaps,
get over the difficulty of Igniting the
liquid beforo It wus pumped on the
enemy. The Germans, for example,
seem to have Improved on their model
by using compressed air. The Ignition
was also arranged by mixing with th
naphtha an organic substance which;
will spontaneously take fire when ex
posed to the atmosphere. But this
was found to have Its disadvantages.
Tho liquid, once Inflamed, was liable
to blow buck upon Its projectors, and .
hud the Inconvenience of revealing the.
currier of the engine and thereby ex
posing him to the attention of "tmlp
ers" of tho other side. Hence It was
found to be more prudent to separate
the burning fluid Itself from Its means
of Ignition. Attacks are now begun,
by throwing fireballs Into tho enemy's
trenches, with a fuse which lights
them as soon as they touch the grouud.
Louisville Courler-Journul.
Texans Hall Birthday.
Texans celebrate their own private
Independence day, commemorating the
signing of the declaration In 1330,
which freed their ancestors from Mex
ican rule.
Texas wns In nil probability n part
of the ancient Aztec empire, and since
then It has been under six lings. Spnln
claimed tho country by right of Its
conquest of tho Aztecs, and France,
too, claimed It as a part of tho ter
ritory of Louisiana, with the IUo
Grande as the southwestern boundary
of French possessions. When th
Mexicans gained their freedom Texas
become n part of their republic, and1
so remained until ISM, when the Lone
Star banner of the republic of Tcxuh!
was raised. In 1845 tho Stars and
Stripes wero rnl.sed over Texas, to ba
temporarily reduced by tho stars und!
burs of the Confederacy during tha
Civil war.
A Man's Work.
The distinction and end of a sound
ly constituted man Is his labor. Use
Inscribed on all his faculties. Use
Is the end to which he exists. As the
tree exists for Its fruit, so a man for
his work. A fruitless plant, nn Idle.
animal, does not stand In tho universe.
They are oil tolling, however secretly
or slowly, In tho province assigned
them, and to a use In the economy of
tho world, to higher and moro catholic
service. And tho man seems to piny,
by his Instincts and activity, a cer
tain part that even tells on the gen
ral face of the planet, drains swamps,
leads rivers into dry countries for their
Irrigation, perforates forests and
stony mountain chains with roads,;
hinders tho Inroads of the sea on tho
continent, as If dressing the globe for
happier races. Emerson.
Mother Knows Better.
Willie liked to look through tho
pages of nn Illustrated history, and
had a good memory for tho pictures.
One day a friend of his mother came
In wearing n new hat.
"Oh," Willie exclaimed, "you look
Just like a witch."
The lady was Tery much compli
mented, as she thought he meant she
was bewitching, but his mother was
much embarrassed because sho knew
he had reference to a very ugly Salem,
witch In the book.
8tandard Time.
Standard time Is a uniform system,
of time reckoning In the United
States and Canada adopted In 1803
by the principal railways, and since
then by tho principal cities and towns
of both countries. By this system the
continent Is divided Into four sections,
each extending over 15 degrees qt
longltudo (making a difference of time
of exactly one hour) the time prevail
ing In each belug that of its central
meridian.
The Average Citizen,
"A man ought to attend to his own
business."
"It can't be done," answered Mr.
Crosslots. "Every time a strike Is
threatened people who don't know me .
get together and decide whether I
hall be able to ride to work."