'u-.fl-..iiw r'Mrwfl''rvi-'yi'W' I True Patriotism rjy REV. DAVID F. NYCREN Pallor of Sw.cliih Btptitt Church ' Himu.Io, IIL j Ti;T-As free, nnd not u.'ilni? your lit). rt ' f"i clonk of miilli'lmiMnnsH, but as Jr,,.' s. n it.is of Oml.-I I'oter II. 10. ;, just as at Christmas and itt Easter, o Ilnd many persona who revive their allegiance to religion, so wo Una k strenuous attempt on tin- part of many in resuscitate their sleeping pat riotism, which they express In a great measure by flro and smoke, the her lta.! of our warring ancestors. I would first any that this ought and 'inula not bo so, all depending on ii.,t we mean with patriotism. If patriotism ho of tho right kind, we Hill Indorse It. If to ho patriotic Hi mum to he loyal, not to n mere bel li, i, (iiiise, hut to a general high and guide cause, then we Indorse it. Our ,.,ir "I' S. A.," though ling", is not aiT, enough. We would have the hili' world, nay, more, all the vorlds: yea, the heavens, too. As till" MTvan'a we would ho Interested u all the possessions of our Masler. 1 Chris ianity does not ciicourge par tlnilar pat! iotlsm 111 opposllioli to gen era! In niciiity. If It did. It would not fc.. inl.ii ted for "the world." The du ties ill ' lie subjects of one Htato would olt. n I,.- in opposition to those of the ( t of another, and men might In Diit evil or misery upon neighbor na tions in conforming to the Christian riiNstliuiity la designed to henellt got a (''immunity hut "the world." The pioaiottiiii of the Interests of ne community hy Injuring another--that s. laliiotisni In opposition to gen ial Ik t.lgnlty" Christianity utterly yelecls as wrong. .Still would not a doctrine of gen ei.il patriotism he rational? We would answer in the affirmative. And Chris tianity does not appear to encourage the doe'rlne of being B "cltien of the Voriii," and of paying no more regard to our rointnunliy than to every other. That opposes to the natural and virtu ous feelings. j If ii "ere put In practise. It would des'roy ((infilled benignity without ef Itt ct ills' a counterbalancing amount of Universal philanthropy. Who Indeed ha!! support and cherish and protect a rliikl if Its parents do not? That - eculntlve philosophy is vain which would supplant these dictates by doctrines of general phllantliropy. It cannot he applicable to human af fairs until there Is an alteration In the human (institution. Not only religion, tliereinie, hut reason and nature, re jet that philosophy which teaches tl.at no ii, an should prefer or aid an OMi.'i In cause he la his countryman, tit ic.gl.bor or his child, if This is an Idle system of philosophy Hindi si is out with extinguishing those piinclples of human nature which the Creator has Implanted for H'lsi' i.ial good ends. J He that shall so far succeed In prac tising i his philosophy as to look with lii'lifT'-r- t-(e upon his parent, his wife and his son, will not often he found i Vli much zeal to exercise kindness and lictievolence to the world nt large. I Hut to cherish and support our own tlilMn ti rather than others; to do food to our neighbors rather than to ti -lingers; to benefit our own country rs h'T than another nation, does r.ot J "ply that by so doing we must In ire other nations, or strangers, or tyi'lr children, In order to do good to W own. Here is our point of dls fruiiiiiiituin which we will enlarge I on pn sently a point which vulgar Putrlntistn and vulgar philosophy have $Iikp overlooked. Jl (hire not stop by saying that the tjlKhl kind of patriotism would be to do good to my nation, and by doing tins, not to do any menace to other I tiitlnns That would just simply be litii;!r.g the Golden Kule to nothing. !'v having this kind of nn idea I "alii say: "Do nothing unto others." T!en a person In order to be n gen i d p: irlotlc" would need do "not li fe : " iN". cur Christian way Is better; It Hi" h-:-t. "Do unto others, etc." that makes n man take oft his coat, ttn'ti up his sleeves and go to work! Not only so good that one does no 'i:n; hut so harmless that ono must i" good' Not only a negative in re find to not doing harm; but bo strong n"air,i uiat one becomes a posl- ". hi the second Place. I would sav. thai it ought, but nnHltlvelv that it -lit not be go, n regard to tho way f tho , our patriotism. As wo have "'lioiii.l tills expresses Itself in n I1' n niea: ore by fire and smoko. by 4" H and a general disturbance; this 1" ii" li e heritage of our wnrring an- I .spirit of true patrlotlsin does J1' limt its expression In boosting of ' ce- s in K:irs which were fought be 5'" e wore horn. I' lhas ui i,nd experience both forbid T ": ;1 the lather of our country, 7" 'Meet that national morality can f - uul in exclusion of religious priii- f. ' ' h" trim patriots is to bring the o !1 in every creature, beginning In ;?'tisale:,i, our own land, and then to ' uttcraiost parts of tho earth. " la Mated that when Columbus, , " f 'ostorie voyage, was approach t ie shores of the western world, lili. k. rlng. nKllt w dlnly 80on "I'Kh tho darkness by ono of his "It may he," said Columbus. ?"'t the fllUllflll w,f0 of Bome flsl)er nn is waving ,. . i. i.. , . , . i'jicii iu kuiuo uim ...o uoiueward way." "Let Us Alone." i-et us alone." fill V a M 10 I I o Krlnnn is tho cry of the liquor trafuek- , ua aionj" was of old the L.Jk 1 BIllrl,g when, the great, fnd 'r-hearted brother of men came give deliverance to the captlveg. fcvlm" ,0llay tbe Bl1 ' the nt l, . nnd n,,8Wer back- "We will fe'irt i yr nlono unU1 every broIten H ev. ery caPtlvo 1'uer- tutikni-H " ('"1 lH-,e1. every pkaid factory abolished." i'l'S Pllo. Uiterlna it 18 moneT and hard T If ONCE MILL HAND, NOW IfO " l. ; .-' ':' .:.-V. . '-v Ii i- , a-w ''' t VrtVv . y,l' i . : 1 1 V:V',-vJ? - ! A NHW YORK. At sixteen eais of age James K. I'arrell was working lu a wire mill at New Haven for $4.ti"i a week. A few days ago he was ap pointed president of the I'nited Slates Steel Corporation by J. Plcrpont Mor gan and oilier of its directors, at a salary of $lul),(HlO a year. His rise from humble circumstances to wealth and business prominence la due to his capacity for work and his unswerving loyalty to his associates. Mr. Karrell la of Irish-American descent, 48 years of age. fi feet 1 Inch In his stocking feet, of athletic build, has hair that Is prematurely white - and a drooping mustache of the same hue. He Is married and the father of five children. He has had 2a years' experience in tho steel business In bolli the com mercial and manufacturing departments. Railroad Companies Have Made Big Increase in Earnings. Argument That Advanced Rates Are Necessary for Continued Payment of Dividends Is Disproved by Figures From Reports. Within the past ten years the cost of labor and supplies has increased so greatly and so rapidly that the rail ways are facing n serious crisis. Un less they are permitted to raise freight rates, they must cease to pay divi dends and will be forced out of busi ness. Such Is the burden of the argu ments that ho people of the Celled States have heard and read frequent ly of late, and so often have the state ments been repeated that the people aro beginning to wonder If they are not in a measure true. Hut there Is another side to the story, found In the reports of tho rail way companies themselves, and this shows plainly that though the operat ing expenses have Inert used In bulk, the earnings have made a still greater Increase. Annual reports of their ex penses und earnings are made by the railway companies to the Interstate rommerco commission, and these, com plete for the years from June 30, 18S7, to June 30, 1907, and In pnrt for 1908, 1909 and 1910. are at hand. From theso reports the commission's bureau of statistics has prepared the following table: auosa KAitM.vns rem orr.rtATTON. Tho earnings of American rallroiuls from the oi;milxiillon of tho ItitcrFlalu eommorcii commission down to thn pres ent tlnii) from J ilno SO, 1SS7. to Junu 30. 1510. -1 V i V. X S O ; r?"a" J ,'2 i 3 v f " ' r 33 ; K : fi g r- : : 3 : SO" : : : a " : ; . r. 1KSH 1.001 $ SIO.KI.EO tm.KXM ;!,307 1W9 JC3 9M.Mit.iai S'-'O.liiO.IIM 2(iS7 KM !Ml l,0.-il,K77.W! S.V.i,7M.i;i;i MWrt isiu Ma i,iii!.7i;i.ti.". iM.s73.5m i.ya we l,17l.4n7.::i.l 3iio,4ii!.:ii7 2.4u S7S l,:!!n.75l,K74 .n.'.MiH.riT.i ;U4 1VI4 S'lO l,07li.:Sill,?.l7 31l.Ht7.475 1.II4H 1WI5 M9 1.07'...17l.4iy MU.al.iil7 l.ll.;; lMiii ; i.i,",ii,iiiii,:i7ii 377. 2,07 1VI7 7f'S l.lLh.'.iK'.i,773 3'J1.:.im.ivi'I jaiii 7i.:t i.mtxwji 4:".'.i'c.;;4.-i 2x2:, wi'.i 7L'4 l.nn.mo.iH 4f,i;,t;ii,i 2.4:1:1 l!i() 711 1.4N7.044.SI4 im.Cl'i.OTI 2.7:!J i:ii 7r.o i,rs,r.2ii.m7 k.s.is.t;7 2a:,4 1IIC2 7S7 1.72il.3wi.2i;7 f!IO.l;llro) S 0IS i:hi3. . w . .7ifl l.SKi.vi'i.:!"! 6i3..ni.i.i s. 1:1:1 7mi .:i7ri.i;i. r.:w.;;7.vis 2.'.:s 1!W .r 71H1 2.iN2,4.2,4iH f.:tt,SMi,J,-,4 5 jvi ' I'H'ii 7s 2.;i-.'r,.7ii."i,ii;7 ""is.ssr.sim a r.is , l!f7 T.'.;i 2.5vi.lnr...riTH Mn.f,s'.l.7'i4 S. ir.il ' l'.ms 7.'.4 2 4,.M..M:.i,ii4 7:I.:!:i;.H-!1 S.21S ; lliii'J 7J 2.441.3l2.3i K?7.KI4.!r. S.RT.3 VMD 2,77!t.'Jtli.vli'5 93S.12I.IK7 S.W3 ' Compiled from reports on the statistics of railways In Ibu United Slates, mid STUDY FARMING AT OXFORD New Branch to Be Taught at Famous School Grant cf Land Is Eagerly Awaited. Loudon.--It Is likely that within a very short tlmo Oxford university will be augmented iu notable degree by a new school of learning and new facilities for special research and study. ' The subject of agriculture has been taken up eagerly at Oxford, and Ox ford men, likely In after life to have control of land, are encouraged to study agriculture and kindred subjects Ins a proper part of their training. This branch of university learning, which owes very much to Professor ,Somcrvlllo, who left the board of agri culture to take up this work at Ox ford, promises well, but the lack of land for practical experiments, and of money for carrying them on, has ihltherto prevented such a develop etit as has taken place In Cambridge, 'Where tho university htj done splen STEEL TRUST HEAD. .'.' "."; 1 jy A''. ' :.,: 'l.'eJjy' t ' . '' v- - - C. "', -v,v I . a-.i--' '-a Illlllelllll of revenues nml expensnn of steam roiuls In tint t'nllefl Suites, pr pinil by tlin hiiri'itu of xtiiliHtti'S nml nc eoiinls of the IntiTHtnte coinmerc? corn m'hslon. Sliillstl.n for tl'lit aro ndvnner ti Mires siibieet lo minor revisions. The Item left I. link ran not bo obtained us yet. The nbovi fltrures represent sub stantially ull the inlliiii!" In tho United Plates. The llcin "Net KarnlllKS," used iibovo, refers to the rnrnliiKs from npi r.i tlon of all the railroads In the United St ites nfier Kiiblriiellng till (ipcratln ex I" 'ives. which Include: (1) tin. cnsi of transportation hihI traffic expens,-: (2t the cost ef ii'ilntcniiuco of eiiiliment ; i.ll the cost of niiilntenanei' of way and Mructures; nnd (4) Keneral ivihiisis. The statistics given for 1'KiS. imi.i nnd iniO nre not conipllid entirely according to tho rules nf prior yenrs becmise of chances In tho rules of the commission tnklie; effet during tlm fiscal year r"t. but the final results In the foregoing table are elnso enough In lustlfy the cotn imrlson given above for tho p'urpos Vflted. Study of this table reveals two Im portant facts. One is that In tho last ten years changes amounting to a revolution have occurred In the busi ness of operating railroads, theso be ing brought about by greater tralllc. Improved methods, larger and better cms and locomotives and more stable roadbeds. The last column of the table shows that the average net enrn Ings for ench mile of railway In the I'nited States Increased about 70 per MANY NEW YORK COMMUTERS Population of District Tributary to City It Estimated at 7,000,000 Few Figures. New York. One thing from which New Yorkers did not swear oft on .lunuiiry 1 Is commuting, slnco figures lust compiled show that this city's army of conimuiers, the dally travel ers hy city and suburban transit lines Is over 2,000,000. The population of the area, Including those who do business 111 tho city, Is nearly 7.000,000. Tho exact figure la 0,810,097, which Is moro than l.OoO.OOO greater than the population of Illi nois, the third stale In the Union, in cluding Chicago, tho country's second city. This commutation district, consist ing of tho territory lying within thirty miles of Times square, contains one thirteenth of all the people in tho con tinental territory of tho I'nited States. It equals the population of six large southern slates, with 100,000 to spare. It exceeds the combined population of Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina by something over 1,000,000. Going nest one finds that the dis trict of New York has n greater popu lation than the 11 westernmost states, with nearly 2,ri0.000 in population still unmatched, notwithstanding that two of these states, Washington nnd Cali did agricultural work, especially In tho domain of research. It is hoped that theso obstacles are to bo removed, and that private gen erosity will presently enable tho best brains In Oxford to' Investigate nrac Ileal agricultural science on such n scale as to rival not only Cambridge, but such splendid Institutions as the Macdonald college In Canada. For this work much land, as well as other equipment, will be necessary In the neighborhood of Oxford, and the pro vision of both is understood to be within the scope of the scheme. It will be a cause of the greatest re joicing among past and present Ox ford men If a "pious founder and benefactor" tbould glvo to Oxford the opportunity of leadership nnd useful work in a subject so full of nutlonal, Indeed of human, welfare. Several types of cameras are now made for taking snap ebuU from or of aeroplanes. cent, between 1898 and 1910, while between 1888 and 1898 the Increase of) such net earnings was ulinost negligi ble only eight-tenths of one per cent, for each mile of road. Thus In a decade the development of methods of operation was marvelous. Iu the column showing the average revenue for each ton hauled one mile Is revealed the second great eco nomic fact, namely, that the com panies in the years of their greatest earnings have been ablo to prevent further reductions In freight rates. Assuming that tho character of com modities hauled has not changed sub stantially, tho statements of reve nue for each ton-mile Is a fair index as to the average rates charged, though the variation In long and short huuls would make It not exactly ac curate. The 23 years covered in the table divide themselves Into two periods, the first being the 11 years from 1SSS to 1S98, and the second the 12 years from 1899 to 1910 Inclusive. The first period la that In which competition caused a reasonable distribution among the shippers and consumers of the country of the profits resulting from the development of the railroad Industry. For while during that period the annual net earnings of the rail ways increased about $100,(lli0,ooo, there was a decline of about 25 per cent. In freight rales. This was In line with what Is expected and what generally has resulted from great s' rides In Industrial progress. Hut with 1899 came u great change. In that year the aunual net earnings of tho railways began to Increase rapid ly, and since then they have Increased almost $r,0O,000,000. and the net earn ings for each mile hnve Increased more than GO per cent. Have the freight charges decreased correspond ingly? Glance at that column of ton mile revenue and you will see that tho rates have entirely censed to decline and that consequently the people have been denied for more than n decade any sharo In the profits resulting from the Immensely greater volume of traf llco and tho rapidly increasing net earnings of the railways. For It years the freight rates fell steadily, and then all nt once the decline was checked and the railways began to withhold from the public all the bene fits resulting from their new prosperi ty and new methods, being enabled to do this through the tremendous con solidations that largely destroyed com petition. Half a billion dollars a year Increase In net earnings and freight rates practically stationary that Is not a good argument for further In crease In transportation charges by the railways of tho United States. What la a reasonable rate of return and what Is the value of the property entitled to such return are questions upon which the railway magnates must depend to prove their conten tion. Gold Fillings as Property. San Francisco. A new way to col lect dentists' hills has been invented by the state hoard of dental examln ers. The first case under It Is thai of "John Doe" Dreyfus, who has beer arrested on the charge of obtaining property by false pretenpes. The property In question is gold put In tlx teeth of sahl Dreyfus by Dr. M. II Schord of this city, Dr. Schord seek lo collect $t;o. Puts Ban on Hatpins. Rochester, N. Y. The. common council has unanimously adopted nn ordinance making it a misdemeanor for n woman to wear a hatplu that protrudes more than half nn inch from the crown nf her hat. Violation is punishable by flno or Imprison ment. fornia have more than 1,000,000 each. Many foreign countries have armies and navies and pretensions to bolus, world powers have smaller populations than tho New York district. Anions them are the Netherlands, excluslvo ol colonies, with 5,591,701): Portugal prop er, with 5.42:1,000; Sweden, with 5,291, 000; Argentine Republic, with 0,210,. 000; Chile, with 5,noo,0iii); Greece and Denmark, with an aggregate popula tion of about 5,000,00(1, while the dis trict Is within a few hundred thou sand of all Relgliini. In view of these figures It Is not dif ficult to understand tho reason for tho millions of dollars which nre being spent hero for transportation Improve, month. To Teach Police Boxing. London. liaron Albrecht von Knohlesdorf Dienkenhotr, who was for ten years an officer In tho German army, has been appointed official in structor to tho city police In wrest ling and the art of sell'-defetise. Ho gives lessons three times a week to young policemen and is very proud of Ills pupils. YVhllo engaged In military life the baron w.s celebrated as a steoplechaso rider, and ho owned Pensioner, an Kngllsh jumper, which he rode to victory on several occasions. Later he took to wrestling, boxing and jiu-jitsu. House Cleaning Proves Profitable. Newark, N. J. No one In this sec tion of tho state has found honso cleaning more profitable than hns Miss Ida Slnionson, who got $1,000 as tho result of her annual overhauling of her homestead In Vernon, N. J. While cleaning a closet she lifted a loose board in the floor nnd brought to light the treasure, $300 In gold and the remainder In bills of largo denomi nations. The money probably was hid deu there about 40 years ago by a rel ative, who died soon after. Tolstoi's Grave It Mecca. Moscow. Tolstoi's grave at Yasml Poliana Is likely to become one of tlm chlof places of pilgrimage In the em pire. Since the funeral largo numbers of peasants arrive there dally. They come mostly on foot, and many are now on tho way there afoot At the grave many hundreds mny be seen on their knees chanting and kiss lng the soli. The pilgrims are allowed to pass through tho rooms which Tol stoi occupied, whora nothing has boen disturbed. ELIJAH APPEARS IN ISRAEL SuniUf School Leitoo for Feb. 5, 1911 Specia.ly Arriiid forThu Paper l.i:sso TKX'f-l KIiiks 17. Memory Verses 14-ltl CHILD KN TK. XT -"They Hint Lord hIihII not nunt uuy Kood seek tl! thlolf." I'mi. .11 : In TIMIv l.lljnb lived during thr relcns of Ahub In lrnel, und Jehosnphat In .linliib. and their successors 11. ('. U'.D-D'iO (or Assyrian. STS-Si7l. l'LA( 'K Vitt-lolm nlm-ft In th klliL'donl of Israel. Ilf iirobubly llrst met Abnb In HaiiKirm bis CHpltnl. Cberltb wnn a brook In n ravine. Mowing Into the Jor diui on thn ICasl. Zarspath wss ft town In I'henlcla between Tyre nnd Kldon, Si u ports m tho Mediterranean. It was a dark day for Israel when Jezebel "set herself, with her hus bands tacit connivance, to extirpate the religion of Jehovah from the laud of Israel, mid to substitute In Its place opon and avowed paganism the wor ship of Ashloreth and of Una!. Kplen did shrines were built, especially one of vast size In the capital; and the rites and ceremonies of the new cult were exhibited on a grand scale, with sensuous accompaniments of all kinds -- music, statuary, processions of robed priests, victims. Incense, bands of fa antics worked up to frenzy by relig ious ixci'i nt, and the like." They had "forsaken thy covenants, thrown down thine altars, and slain thy proph ets with the sword." A hrave, strung prophet dared to stem the tide alone. And lie dared because he knew lluit God had com manded him, and stood with him, and worked through him. II la probable Hint Klijah belonged to the northern kingdom but was living In Gllend, find that the parents of Klijah. or Klijah himself when n young man, had gone from Galilee to Gllend to escnpe the persecutions of the lliialltes, and Its dangerous moral deterioration. Keared amid exalled and solemnizing scenes, l he young prophet must have medi tated IdiiK dp tile nhirlons past of h:s country, and must havo been filled with horror as tldln;;s came of the In troduction of rankest heathenism, of Jezebel's abominations, the fierce cru ellies and reeking licentiousness of Allah's Idolatrous capital. Indignation binned within him like the flumes of Vesuvius or Martinique, till It sud denly burst forth upon ihe king and his court The word of the lxrd came unto him. In what way we do not know. Perhaps In the ways Ills word conies to us. Perhaps In more vivid ways. Hut. In either rase he became sure that It was God's word. After the an nouncement of the famine three and a half years slowly passed away he fore Klljuh again appeared before the king. Hut the silent work of theso years was hs essential as I lie an nouncement. Having taken one course of h-sons, God sends Klijah to another school. This was best not only that Klijah might learn other lessons, but in or der that ho might he safer. Ahab was seeking everywhere for him. Hut he kept outside of Ahah's dominion. Ev ery town, large or small, required In those times a wall for defense. His first need ufler his hnvg walk through the famine-stricken land would he waler. The gift of water to the thirsty Is nlways regarded as a sacred duty In the Kast. Note the wisdom of this way of becoming acquainted, by ask ing a simple favor; as Christ asked Ihe Samaritan woman for a drink from the well. As she was going to fetch Ihe water. Klijah called to her, and said: "Hrlng me a morsel of bread." This, too, was a modest request. This would have been selfish had not Klijah known that the meal nnd oil would not fall. The request was also, for the widow, an education in faith. "According to your faith be It done unto you." All through the re maining years of the fnmiiie, she would need this training, as day by day she cooked the last vlslblo hand ful of meal, and used the last drops of tho oil. Sho as a widow may havo needed tho same faith for years to come. The widow's faith was still further rewarded during Elijah's stny. One day her young son sickened nnd died. In tho bitterness of her grief sho cried out uion tho prophet, thinking that his presence had directed God's special attention to her house, nnd I his calamity had been sent her In punishment for her sins. Thereupon Klijah carried the lad to his own up per chamber, and stretched himself upon hint ns If to Impart his own vi tality, Imploring God for his life. And God heard him; tho soul returned to the boy's body nnd ho was delivered to his rejoicing mother, who testified eagerly her faith In the prophet as a man of God, nnd her faith In (lie ill vino messages he uttered. Elijah suffered with tho people. Tho reformer, the preacher, must partake of the sufferings of those whom he would help. Like Christ, he must he "tempted like ns we are, yet without sin." Ho must gain tho victory In the snine kind of hatiles, nnd learn les ions In the same schools. Ho "learns that the mightiest of Gud's servants nre just ns dependent upon I Cm In every w ay as the hum blest and weakest of Ills people." All these experiences were prepar ing Elijah for his great work of re form. Every net of guldnnco from God, every strango experience unex pectedly working out good, every promise fulfilled, every prayer nn swered, culminating In the raising of the dead boy to life, Increased the prophet's faith, strengthened his cour age for the tlmo when he must "beard ihe Hon in his den," and nrouso a whole people to new life. The Rett We Seek. Human nature Is restless. There Is restlessness caused by the greatness of our nature, as well as that caused by sin. Wo were made for God, and we cannot find satisfaction In things. Only the divine fullnoss can satisfy our aspirations. Circumstances are fluctuating, the angel in us contends with tho carnal nature, our fellow men oft decelvo nnd disappoint us; only In God can we find rest. Life's restless sea with all its roaring bil lows of uncertainty, Is held In the hoi low of God's hand. 1 mpemnS B lH " I OA.'.' '. WHISKY NO GOOD FOR COLDS Persons Partaking of Alcohol Are More Likely to Surfer From Ex posure Than Others. At tills season of the year the advlco Is freely given, "take a Hi tie brandy or whisky to keep out the cold or drive I away II chill To all such we coin- mend the teachings of Dr. Norman Ei it, than whom on this subject there is no higher amhorliy. W hen he was asked If brandy or whisky was good lo ward off a thnut ning cold or drive away a chill? "No," replied Doctor Kerr. "On tlm contrary, It is an entire lallacy to sup pose thai brandy or alcohol, lu jiny shape or form, either warms the sys (em or keeps off cold A. a matter of fad, alcohol, alter a very temporary rise of temperature, ntc tiding over a few minutes only, lowers the Vllal leui pelallire. In conxcqiK lice of which the drinker Is nctunly robbed of heat In stead of acquiring an additional sup ply. IVimuis partaking alcohol arc more likely to suffer from cold or ex poMire lo It than those who abhlalti from It. It Is for liils reason that In c'lteales such as Lower Canada the Milliters on guard are instructed nevei to take alcohol when about to go on duly. I have known several death arising from disobedience lo tlil rule." "Urnndy, then." said his lib ml, "Ii. practically useless." "Certainly," replied the doctor ' Hrnndy does not warm the system, as to many vupposc; It merely warms the "kin. and has a paralyzing notion on the nerves which control the blood supply This accounts lor the Hush which one sei s on the face of a person w ho has Just laken a glass of spirits. Ilrandy, In short, causes a relaxation of the blood vessels, and Is responsible for the flush on Ihe skin. Intelligent voy ! agers never now lake alcohol with them, unless It he In minute quantities In their medicine chests I have been In the arctic regions myself, and I know very well that brandy cannot only be dispensed w ith, but I hat one la decidedly better without It. An Im mense number of pi ople, whenever they feel a i hlll. resort to alcohol, on the mistaken assumption that It warms the body; It Is a pity they do not know that it has an absolutely contrary ef ! feet." On being asked what he would rec ommend In cases of cold, he snld: "There Is nothing better than simple hot water and getting under the hlau kets. The water call, of course, lie flavored with lemon or orange, accord ing to taste. A good drink of hot wa ter has all the beneficial effects of hrnndy and none of Its accompanying risks. If the feet -an be put into hot water at the same time, so much the better. Spirits generally are worse than useless In cases of Illness. An enormous number of people have taken rum under the Impression that It keeps the Influenza at a distance. As a fact, however, rum invites the Influenza, from the depressing effects of alcohol nn the nervous system. A nervous sys lein depressed through the agency of alcohol Is much more likely to take on any form of epidemic than one not sim ilarly affected. Inasmuch as tho vital ity Is lowered." Intoxicants on Board Steamer. Thn consumption of Intoxicants on hoard of the large ocean steamers ply ing between New York and European ports reaches a large aggregate. Tho New York Sun gives from the stew ard's department of the Ctlliard fleet for a year the following figures of the quantities of wines and liquor used: "Eight thousand and thirty quarts nnd 17. f'.i:'. pints of champagne, 13,911 quails and 7,:!lo pints of claret, 9,2o0 quarts of other wines. 4N9," 14 pints of ale and porter, 171.921 quarts of min eral water'!', and S I. ono quarts of spir ituous liquors." Of tills enormous liquor consumption on shipboard, It Is undoubtedly true that by far the larger portion Is by European voyagers, but It Is also true that ninny Americans, a great many too many, drink a full sharo of these wines and liquors. A total abstinence mission is nowhere more needed than among thoso who, as well-to-do passengers, go down to tho sea In ships. Pest Without Drink. Ihe Medical Hrief says: "Without doubt men who drink no spirits hold out better and do their work better than those who drink. Armies made of men of tho former ( lass march bet ter, hold up longer under fatigue, en Joy better health, ran bear exposure iK-tter, and consequently aro free from drunkenness, suffer liltlo from disease and crime. It lessens the pow er of resistance In expc ;ure to great cold and becomes dangerous to use it. It may excite for a time, but Is always followed by great depression. This has been clearly demonstrated in nr.' tie explorations. In exposure io great heat the evidence Is equally conclu sive against Its use Tie array of testimony Is Indisputable." Rumsellers In Politic. Men may bo drinkers without be ing content that the laws shall bo made for them by the dealers In rum. Indeed, It strikes must men us a humiliation that in politics, especially ill the cities, tho liquor dealer Is con sidered as un Important factor, nnd tho Liquor Dealers' association re ceives more attention and courtesy nnd favor lluiii any other class or ele ment in the community Tho ten dency in this hns been to place rum sellers In Innumerable positions of public trust, which have been gen erally most unworthily and viciously filled by them. New York Press. Liability for Death. The Pennsylvania supreme court do rides that If any person meets a vio lent death at tho hands of a man who Is Intoxicated, under the civil damngo act, tho dependents of tho derentu person can recover damages f-..f. those who sold tho liquor which Intox icated the one who committed the violence. THE POTASH CONTROVERSY. German Claims Preeented at Wash. Ington Ars Contradicted by American Interests. Vai hlngton, D. C, Jan. Tho cotton growing bliiua nio particularly Inter ested iu tho potash controversy be tween tho Statu Department and Her lln, since the fal in e price of fertilizer Is directly affected by I he outcome, German Interests havo J'.:.'t made roD teccnlai Ion to Secretary Knox similar in effect to Uh.io assertions made by circular letter to ihe miners through out the South claiming that the Ger man potash law, which pines a pen nl'y on mines selling heavily to Amer icans ut a lower ih e than has for merly ruled, l.i merely a part of the. general i observation policy of Gel i.iany. According to Ocbslmus, a lending German geole;;l.t, there are ubuut :;9.0II0 scua re It.ilcS of 1 ' tush In OUS Feeihm ef (h rinaiiy, cadi of these containing some f.ti.O' 'i '.'n 0 tons of pure potash. This s.i:.'o authority stale;! that the annual output from I In so iii i ties Is about I'.uii.i on ions each. and he figures that If t! e annual out put should J'.tiip to fi.Onii, i' I'd tons an nually, it would still l' piire 021,600 j ''in ; to i xh.vist the sii ; Another of Germany's Ilia! the law docs r.ot ::g::.';ist Americans. The Ataiihau Jota.-h buy" siibinitied to congress pi 1 y. ,i: -ertlons Is. ill criminate h: i( f of the s committee its oat that. under the l..v ns reccti' 'y :i:ised by Geriii.'ipy, the mines of truit in that country in ; proportion ( f output kii!' tl e potsvh re I 'lmvcd a clet, I to m:p iin'"pendent I ly the h (irld, while the mines that h;ul mailt- coirra la to sup ply the I'nited Slates it n reduced price were limited to unc-foiii'th' of tin lr actual sales already made to us. In addition a penalty of $2'.' per ton ih Imposed for overpn ! a lion. Thus tie) penally falls exclusively upon shipments to this coiin'ry and indi rectly upon the consumer. An effort Is apparently b"injr mado to cteato the Impression t'.;.it Gils con troversy Is really .1 copies! between !ho policy of the German government nnd un American trust. The fact Is that there Is no such complete and puweiful trust In tho Called States as this German potat-li syndicate. This syndlcato actually monopolizes the entire potash supply of tho world, savo for the two ntlnri that broke away from tho trust und .old to Amer ican buyers. In this c iunii y I here aro about 70 different fertilizer manu facturers using potash, and of these about "5 per cent are Independent of any trust affiliation. Another claim made by the German (ommi'ten at the White lioi;so was lo the effect that the Amcican buyers knew that a law would be passed pro viding lor government taxes and en-alllc-i to be assessed, rnd that they ir.ade these com rifts w:li thU knowl edge in mind. The Anieric.iu commit tee states positively that this Informa tion was broigl.t Li then after tht enn'racta were made, and used as a club In an attempt to force thorn to give up tho contrnets already entered into, which would l...ve i educed th price of fertilizer materially iu this country. An iil'ili ial high In the government hero la authority for the statement that the cost of this controversy must necessarily full upon the consumer, nnd that It should, therefore, be set tled quickly. While the .'. uiei lean 'ompanles paying a penalty buvo wet (he prices made by the German trust that pays no penalty, this has been done at a loss, nnd should they with draw from the field because of this, tho price of fertilizer In this country would ha dictated by the German monopoly untrununelled In Berlin. A Transaction in Stamps. The stamp vending machines In stalled In many stores and diups about tho city are not favored by a woman Mho hurried Into a drug .-'i ii.' in Mas sachnsolts avenue several days ago. Ahere there Is a branch pus' o'Pcc. "How do you sell our I wo cent stamps?" she Inquired Indignantly. "Two cents nplece," replied lhjisett. "Well, that's all right," she replied, while she fished In her purse for a coin. This Is the 111 ill place I have visited after stamps. At ull tho ot'- ' places they had I huso slot macliint.. where you havo to spend n nickel for two two-cent stamps. 1 made up my mind not to bo held up if 1 bad to walk nil over tho city. Glvo mu two stumps." Tho woman laid down a dime and hurried out wiih two two-cent stamps, leaving six coin In change lying on tho show case. Sho did not return. Indianapolis News. Crutches or S,;rs. Illchard Croker. lit a dinner in New York, expressed a distrust for uero planes. "There's nothing underneath them." ho said. "If the least thing goes wrong, down they drop. "I snld to a Londoner tho other day: ' How Is you son gelling on since he bought a Hying machine? "'On crutches, like the rent of them,' the Londoner replied." Nothing Much. "I don't know whether I ought la recognize him hero In the city or not. Our acquaintance at the sca.iho; waa very s!l;',hl." "You promised to marry him. didn't you?" "Yes, bill that was all." To Economize Space. "Hut why la It that yon always serve toast with each slice stood up on edge?" "Oh, I Just got into tho habit; you, knew we lived in a flat when we were first msrrled." ' Dr. Pierce's I'lensnnt Pellets rcKuhte and invigorate itnnisch, liver and bow!. Sujtnreonted, tiny granules, euy U ti u candy. Led by the Nose. "Pa, whnt U a 'leading wo-nan' "Any woman, my son." Po Transcript. ton (wi t onw "imoMO ctxiNr." Tlwt it I.aAAI'IVH lUliii'i) obiMNul. Ns fsr tln lk-r.niei- i.t I V i.II'V. . It! x .U liver lu (. uru a cold iu inn cuy. V,', . It l hotter to lose lu loving hi g I ; by self seeking. (ban
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers