Leading Problems Confronting Onr Governmem Ably Discussed By the Executive CURRENCY REFORM PLAN The Eesnlation of Ptiblic Service Corporations is Necessary, Bat Tney Must Havo Fair Treatment Inteirity of Administration of Public Affairs a Duty That Ap Pliei to All. To the Senate am) House of Repre sentatives: No nation has greater rMVKH than ours, and I think it can be truthfully said that the iWmm of no it judgment it is necessary, to make as shown both in the legislation of the Congress and the administration of the lnw by the Department of Justice. The most vital need is in connection with the railroads. As to HMOS, in my judgment there should now be cither a national incorpora tion act or a law licening railway companies to engage in interstate commerce upon certain conditions. I tie law should ho so framed as to give to the Interstate Commerce t ommission power to pass upon the future issue of securities, while am ple means should be provided to en able the ( ommission, whenever in rtatiou possess greater energy and in dust rial ability. In no nation arc the fundamental business condi tions sounder than in ours at this very moment ; and it is foolish, when audi i.s th" for people to honrd money instead""' keeping it in sound banks; for it i.s such hoarding thai la the immediato occasion of money stringency. Moreover, as a rule, the business of our people is conducted with honesty and probity, and this applies alike to farms and factories, to railroads and hanks, to all our leg itimate commercial enterprises. In any large body of men, how ever, there are certain to be some who are dishonest, and if the condi tions arc sucn niai tnese men pros per or commit their misdeeds with impunity, their example is a wry evil thing for the community. Where these men are husiness men of great sagacity and of temperament both unscrupulous anil reckless, and where the conditions are such that they act without supervision or control and at first without effective check from public opinion, (hey delude many in nocent people into making invest ments or embarking in kinds of bus iness that are really unsound. When the misdeeds of these successfully dishonest men are discovered, suffer ing comes not only upon them, but upon the innocent men whom they have misled. It is a painful awak ening, whenever it occurs; and, nat urally, when it does occur those who suffer aro apt to forget that the lon ger it was deferred the more painful a physical validation of any railroad As I slated in my Message to the Congress a year ago, railroads should be given power to enter into agree ments, subject to these agreements being made public in minute detail and to the consent of the Interstate Commerce Commission being first obtained. Until the National flov ernment assumes proper control of Interstate commerce, in the exercise of the authority it already possesses, it will he impossible either to give to or to get from the railroads full eVdpVf-nlirihr; by lawshils m-siw U Iwh post tipdii both the Department of Justice and the courts an impossible binder. ; it is not feasible to carry on Dlnra III an a limited number of such suit. Such a law to bo really ef fective must of course be administer ed by an executive body, and not merely lJ means of lawsuits. The design should be to prevent the abuses incident to the creation of un healthy and improper combinations, instead of wailing until they are in existence and then attempting to de stroy them by civil or criminal pro ceeding. Furo-rood Law. Incidentally, in the passage of the pure-food law the action of the var ious State food onil dairy commis sioners showed in striking fashion how much good for the whole peo ple results from the hearty coopera tion of the Federal and State offi cials in seeming a given reform. It .Any plan must, of course, guard tht cilo-jld set the example isi this re interests of western and southern tpect. hankers as carefully as it guards the Compulsory Investigation of Indntr i;:lercts of New York or Chicago' ' trial Disputes, bankers, and must be drawn from the Strikes and lockouts, with their at ttaudpoints of the fanner and the tenrlant loss and suffering, continue merchant no less than from the to increase. For the five years end slandpoints of the city banker and , ing December 31, 1905, the number of the country banker." j strikes was greater than those in any I again urge on the Congress the previous ten years and was double need of immediate attention to thil I the number in the preceding five hiMtor. We need a greater elaetic-1 years. These figures indicate the in ity in our currency; provided, of, ci casing need of providing some ma course, that we recognize the even chinery to deal with this class of dis grcater need of a safe and secure j turbances in the interest alike of the currency. There must always be the employer, the employee, and the gen- most rigid examination by the Nat- eral public. nsl authorities. Provision should he made for an emergency currency The need for some provision for auch investigation was forcibly il- Thc emergency issue should, of course ! lustrated in the recent strik he. made with an effective guaranty, I of telegraph operators which serious and upon conditions carefully pre- ly interfered with telegraphic corn scribed by the Government. Such munication, causing great damage to emergency issue must be based on , business interests and serious incon adennate securities approved by the ' venience to the general public. is primarily to the action of these, dovernment, and must be issued tin- Inland Waterways. BUM commissioners that we owe the dor a heavy tax. This would permit The conservation of our natural re enactment of this law; for thoy currency being issued when the de-i sources and their proper use eonsti aroused the people, first to demand j mand for it was urgent, while soeiir-tute the fundamental problem which the enactment and enforcement of. ing its retirement as the demand fell underlies almost every other problem Mate laws on the subject, and then off. It is worth investigating to dc- of our National life. We must main the enactment of the Federal law, tormino whether officers and dircc without which the State Inws were tors of national banks should ever largely ineffective. There must lie be allowed to loan to themselves the closest cooperation between thej Trust companies should be subject to ivational and State irovernraents in tho same supervision as banks; lepis- administering these laws Currency. I for the District of Columbia and the In my message to Congress a year Territories, ago I spoke as follows of tho cur- Enforcement of the Law. rency; A few years ago there was loud "I especially call your attention (e ! complaint that the law could not be ii. e condition oi our currency law., invoked against wealthy offenders tain for our civilization the adeqiint material basis without whteh that civilization can not exist. We must show foresight, we must look ahead. As n nation we not only enjoy a won- lation to this effect should be enacted derful measure of present prosperity but it this prosperity is used aright it is an earnest of future success such as no other nation will have. The reward of foresight for this Na tion is great and easily foretold. Hut there must be (he look ahead, there must be a realization of the fact I In; ed a great purpose in aiding the course of the Department of Justice to waste, to destroy, our natural rc- enorraous business development of during the last few years has been 1 sources, to skin and exhaust the land the country, and within ten years such as to make it evident that no instead of using it so as to increase then' has been an increase in eircu- mar. stands above the low, that no i its usefulness, will result in undor- lation per capita from $21.41 to corporation is so wealthy that it can i mining in the days of our children $.111.08. For several vears evidence not he held to account. The De- the very prosperity which we ought justice. The railroads and all otherlThe national-bank act has ably serv-j There is no such complaint now. The treat corporations win do welt to recoenizo that this control must come the only question is as to what gov ernmental body can most wisely ex sreise it. The courts will determine the limits within which the Federal authority can exercise it, and there has been accumulating thai addition-1 partment of Justice has been as by right to hand down to them am- Wtll still remain ample work within al legislation is needed. The recur- prompt to proceed against the . pliHed and developed. each State for the railway commis-; rence of each crop season emphasizes wealthiest malefactor whose crime Tariff on Wood Pnlp. sion of that State; and the National the defects of the present laws. Theroj was one of greed and cunning as to There should be no tariff on any Interstate Commerce ('ommission will must soon be n revision of them, be- proceed against the agitator who in-j forest product grown in this coun- work in harmony with the several cause to leave them as they are mean cites to brutal violence. Everything try; and, in especial, there should Mate commissions, each witnin lU t . incur liability of business disaster. ! that .'an be done under the existing be no tariff on wood pulp; due no- own province, to aeuieve uie uesireci , oii.ee your body adjourned there has law and with the existing state of tiee of the change beinp of course end. been a fluctuation IB the interest nnl nnblic oninion. which so nrofonndlv I c-iven to those en.r.io.e.1 In Mm RL cell money from 2 per cent to 30 per cent, and the fliKtatton was even Income' Tax. Reference is here made to the diffi rulty of framing a law that will with-' i;ieater during the preceding six stum! the test of the courts. The months. The Secretary of the Trea argement is made by the President ary had to step in and by wise action that such a tax is not a tax on thrift put a stop to the most violent period or industry. The German law is giv- j of oscillation. Even worse than such en as an interesting example. fluctuation is the advance in commer- Sherman Antitrust Lav. cial rates and the uncertainty felt in Moreover, in my judgment there the sufficiency of credit even at high should hi' additional legislation look- rates. All commercial interests suf- it would be. In the effort to Danish I ig to the proper control of the great f'cr during each crop period. Kxecs- the guilty it is both wise and proper I business concerns engaged in inter- sive rates for call money in New to endeavor so far as possible to mi n - stats business, this control to be ex- York attract money from the interior imize the di-tress of those who have j ercised for their own benefit and banks into the speculative field. This been misled by the guilty. Yet it is ! prosperity no less than for the pro- depletes the fund that would othcr- not possible to refrain because of lection of investors and of the gen- wise be available for commercial uses such distress t'rom striving to put an eral public. As I have repeatedly and commercial borrowers are forced end to the mi-deeds that arc the ulti-Uaid in Messages to the Congress and to pay abnormal rates, so that each mate causes of the suffering, and, as elsewhere, experience has definitely fall a tax, in the shape of increased a means to Ihis end. where; possible l-thown not merely the unwisdom but interest charges, is placed on the to punish those responsible for them. "IC futility of endeavoring to put a whole commerce of the country. Our steady aim should be by legis- stop to all business combinations ''The mere statement of these facts lation, cautiously and carefully uu-1 Modern industrial conditions are show that our present system is scr- derfaken, but resolutely persevered Suefc that combination is not only iously defective. There" is need of in, to assert the sovereignty of the National Government by affirmative action. Interstate Commerce. No small part of the trouble that we have comes from carrying to an extreme the national virtue of sclf roliance, of independence in initiative and action. It is wise to conserve this virtue and to provide for its fullest exercise, compatible with soo ing that liberty does not become a liberty to wrong others. Unfortu nately, this is tho kind of liberty thai the lack of all effective regulation inevitably breeds. The founders of the Constitution provided that the National Government should have oompleto and i;ole conirol of inter state commerce. There was then practically no interstate husiness sstc such as was conducted by water, and this the National Government u -. ' . :. 1 1 . t . : :.. i , . ,. , . iisisassij dui liicwuioic. ii is so 111 a enange. I niortuniitclv, however, the world of business just ns it is so many of the proposed changes must in the world of labor, and it is as be ruled from consideration because liiliuenees both the courts and juries, 1 ness so as to enable them to adjust has been done. But the laws them- i themselves to the new conditions. selves need strengthencing in more The repeal of the duty on wood pulp llian one important point; they should it possible be accompanied should be made more definite, so that , by an agreement with Canada that no honest man can lie led unwittingly i there shall be no export duty on Ca- to oieak them, and so that tho real nadian pnlp wood. wtoflgdow can be readily punished. Injunctions. Instances of abuse in the granting of ii.junetions in labor disputes con tinue to occur and the resentment in the minds of those who feel that their rights are being invaded and their liberty of action and of speech The Panama Canal. Work in now progressing si a satisfactory rale. The private bids for the construction of the canal were all unsatisfactory, and in con sequence were all rejected. Postal Affairs. I. commend lo the favorable con- unwnrrantubly restrained continues federation of the Congress a postal like-wise to grow. Much of the al- savings hank system, as rccommciid tack on the use of the process of in- e l by the Postmaster General. The junction is wholly withoi t warrant ;' primary object is to encourage among but T am constrained to express the our people economy and thrift and belief that for some oj it there is by the use of postal savings banks to warrant. This questio i i.s becoming give them an opportunity to husband more i.r.d more one of prime import-' their resouces, particularly Those who rpcc, and unless the courts will them-! have not the facilities .'it hand for selves deal with it in effective man-' depositing their money in savings ncr, it is certain ultimately to de- banks. Viewed, however, from tho uiar.d some form of legislative ac-' experience of the past few weeks, it tion. It would be most unfortunate is evident that the on a nf idlo to desire to put an end to all lliey are complicated, are not ensv of: for our social welfare if we should such nn institution ana dill .. c.. corporations to all big combinations comprehension, and tend to disturb permit many honest nnd lawabiding reaching. Timid depositors have of capital, as to desire to put an end existing rights and interests. Wc citizens to feel that they had just withdrawn their savings for the time to combination of labor. Corporation must also rule out any plan which ueUM for regarding our courts with being from national banks, trust and labor union alike have come to would materially impair the value of hostility. I earnestly commend to I companies, and saving! banks; iudi- stay. Each if properly managed is the United States 2 per cent bonds & attention of the Congress this, victuals have hoarded their cash and a source of good and not evil. When- now pledged to secure circulation, matter, so that some way may be de-1 the workingmen their enrnings; all of ever in either there is evil, it should the issue of which was made under ' rised which will limit the abuse of which monoy has been withdrawn he promptly held to account; but it conditions peculairly creditable to the' injunctions and protect those rights and kept in hiding or in the safe de- diould receive hearty encouragement Treasury. do not press any espec- j which from time to time it unwar- porit box to the detriment of pros- -o long as it is properly managed. It ial plan. Various plans have recent- rantably invades. Moreover, discon- j penty. Through the agency of the is profoundly immoral to pot or keep ly been proposed byexpert committees' tout is often expressed with the use' postal savings banks such money on the statute books a law, nominally of bankers. Among the plans which f tr,e process of injunction by the would be restored to the channels of in the interest of public morality, are possibly feasible and which cer-1 eourts, not only in labor disputes, but trade, to the mutual benefit of eapi- Ihat really puts a premium upon tainly should receive your considera- 'where State laws are concerned. I tal and labor. publio immorality, by undertaking tc lion is that repeatedly brought to refrain from discussion of this ques-1 I further commend to the Congress forbid honest men from doing what your attendtion by the present Secre- tion as I am informed that it will the consideration of the parcel post, must be done under modern business tary of the Treasury, the essential oon receive the consideration of the eieoiallv on the rural routes. There conditions, so that the law itself pro- features of which have been appro-1 Supreme Court. I are now :i8,21.r rural routes, servin "idei that Us own infraction must ved by many nrominent banker no. I Accidents. nearly 15.000.000 iwi.nl. ud, ,l ,T at once proeoodod to regulate in i be the condition precedent upon busi- businessmen. According to this plan ! The lo.es of life and limb from rail- have tho advantages of the inhabi- thorongh:' ing and effective fashion. neat snOOOSS. To aim at the accom- national banks should he permitted road accidents in this country has tants of cities in obtaining (heir 8Up. Condition:, bare now so wholly j plishment of too mnoh usually msdns bo issue a specified proportion of become appalling. It is a subject plies. These recommendations have changed that tho interstate commerce j the accomplishment of too littio, and their capital in notes of a given kwid, of which the National Government been drawn up to benefit the farmer by water is insignificant compared i often the doing of positive damage, the issue to be taxed at so high a rtotrtd take supervision. It might be and the country storekeeper; othor- wilh amount that goes by land, and The antitrust law should not bo re- rate as to drivo the notes back when WII to begin by providing for a Fed- wise, I should not favor them, for I almost all big business mi arc pealed; but it should bo mado both not wanted in legitimate trade. This eral inspection of interstate railroads believe that it is good policy for our now engaged in interstate commerce. ! more efficient and more in harmony plan would not permit the issue of somewhat along the lines of Federal Government to do everything pos.si- Aa a result, it can be partially and! with actual conditions. It should be currency to rive banks additional inspection of steamboats, although ble lo aid the, small town '.,,. ihn imperfectly controlled or regulated so amendsd as to forbid only the profits, but to meet the emergency j not going so far. country districts. It is desirable thai by the action of any 0M of tho sev-kind of combination which does harm presented by times of stringency. I The National Government should the country merchant should not be j oral Stale.,; such action inevitably j t" the general public, such amend- "I do not say that this is the right he a model employer. It should de-: crushed out. tending to bo either too drastic orient to be accompanied by, or to be svstem. I only advance it to empha mand the highest quality of service' Roports show that during tho past else too lax, and in either case inef-ian incident of, a grant of suporvi- size my belief that there is need for from each of its employees and it year we made a clear profit on our festive for purposes of justice. Only sory power to the Government over tho adoption of some system which 1 should caie for all of them properly foreign postal business of more than, the National Government can in I these big concerns engaged in inter- shall he automatic and open to all in return. Concrress should adopt three and a half million dollars. Thai thoroughgoing fashion exercise the late husiness. This should be ac- sound banks, so as to avoid all pos- i legislation providing limited but ded- President recommends that profit bo! 1 I . I ml . . 1 1 f . 1 . .., m . . .... r I. . . ... - . Dccooci control. I ins does not mean companies oy provision mr turn com- sinilily or discrimination and favor that there should be any extension of pulsory publication of accounts and itism. Such a plan would tend Federal authority, for such authority already exists under the Constitution in amplest ami most far-ieaching form; but it does mean that then, abould be an extension of Federal activity. This is not advocating ceil- Corporal ions. tralization. It is merely looking fact T) 10 antitrust law should not pro in tho f:tce, ami realizing that ecu nihil combinations that do no injus- to the subjection ot books and papers prevent the spasms of high money ma pispecuon oi mo uoverwnout una speculation which now obtain in New York market; for at present there is too much currency at cer tain seasons of the year, and its ac cumulation at New York tempts bankers to lend it at low rates for speculative purposes; whereas at ffii iuls. A beginning has already boon made for such supervision by I'e establishment of the Hureau of tralization in business has already tiee In tho public, slill less those the other times when the crops are being come and cannot be avoided or un-1 cvistctiee of which is on the MMM done, and that the public at large of bettefil to the public. But even iT ean only protect itself from certain this featuro of the law were abolish vil effects of this husiness oentrali- ed, there would remain as an equally sation by providing better methods objectionable feature the difficulty for the exercise of control through and delay now incident to its cn the authority hlieady centralized in foreement. The Government must the National Government by the Con- now submit to irk.iome and repeated stitution itself. There must be no delay before obtaining a final duets halt in the healthy constructive ion of the courts upon proceedings course of action which this Nation instituted, and even a favorable de has cie.etud to pursue, and has stead- orec may mean an empty victory, fly' pursued, during the last six years, Morcovei, to ultcinpt lo conirol these moved mere is urgent need lor a large but temporary increase in the i urrency supply. ' It must never be forgotten that this question concerns business men generally quite as mucn as bankers; especially is this true of stockmen, farmers, and business men in the West; for at present at cer tain seasons of the year Ihe differ ence in interest rates between the Fast and West is from 6 to 10 per cent, whereas in Canada the correfc pjiiding difference is but 2 per cent. nito compensation for accidents to expended all workmen within the scope of the; Federal power, including employees! Oklahoma of the navy yards and arsenals. Eight Hour Law. The Congress should consider Iho extension of the eight-hour law. The constitutionality of the present lav improving tho service. Oklahoma. has becomo a Slate. standing on a full equality with her elder sisters, and her future id assur ed bv her great natural resources. The duty of the National Govern ment to Kiiara tne personal am has recently been called into questioi: property lights of tbc Indians with-' and the Mupreme Court has decide' that the existing legislation is un questionably within the powers of Congress. The principle of thei eight -hour day should as rapidly and as far as practicable be extended to the entire work carried on bv the Gov- in nor Holders remains or course un changed. German Tariff Agreement. A re-adjustment of the Gurman tuiiffs made it necessary to appoint a comission composed of experts to invesliirate conditions and secure Ihe ernment; and the present law should fullest measure of rights to shippers, ' u aiuenoeci io einnraco contracts on both exporters and i-niwrtors. those public woiks which the present Porto Rico, wording of the act has been con-' I again lecommcnd that the rights trued to exclude. Tho general intro- of citizenship be conferred upou the duction of the eight-hour day sho. people of Porto Hico. A bureau of be the goal toward which wo should mines should be created under the steadily tend, and the Government control and direction of the Secre tary of the Interior; tin bureau to have power to collect stntislics and make investigations in all matters pertaining to mining and particularly to the accidents and dangers of tho' industry. Vlcksbnrr National Psrk. I further recommend that a nnval monument bo established in the Vieksbiirg Notional Park. Thir. nat ional park gives a unique opportun ity for commemorating the deeds of those gallant men who fought on water, no less than of those who fought on land, in the meat civil war. The Thirteenth Cousu3. Legislation should be enacted at the present session of the Congress for the Thirteenth Census. The es tablishment of the permanent Census Korean affoids the opportunity for a better census than we have ever had, but in order to realize the fnll advantage of the permanent organiz ation, ample time must be given for preparation. Presidential Campaign Expense;. Under our form of government vot ing is not merely a right but n duty, and, moe ,er, a fundamental and necessary duty if a man is to be a good citizen. It is well to provide that corporations shall not contrib ute to Presidential or National cam paigns, and furthermore to provido for the publication of both contri butions and expenditures. 'I he need of collecting lage cam paign funds by the parties vvoiud vanish if Congress should provido an appropriation ample enough to meet the ligitinwle expenses of each of the groat parties. Then the stipu lation should be made that no party receiving campaign funds from the QovornDMDl should accept more than a llxrd nag from any individual, subscriber or donor, and the neces sary publicity for receipts nnd dis bursements could easily be provided. The Army. Novcr in our entire history has the nation suffered in the loast particu lar because too much care has been given lo tho Army, too much prom inence been give it, too much money spent upon it, or because it has been toa large. As a nation we have al ways been shortsighted in providing for the efficiency of the army in time of peace. I think it is only lack of foresight that trembles us; not any hostility to the Army. In the matter of efficiency it is urged t lint officers and enlisted men should be paid sufficient compensa tion to warrant them in making the army a life occupation. Among offi cers there should be examinations rigid enough to weed out the ineffi cient. The practice marches and field maneuvers of the pa?t two or thrco years have been valuable, and these should bo continued perhaps the most important legislation needed for the benefit o the army is a law to equa lize and increase the pay of officers and enlisted men in the army, navy, marine corps and revenue-cutter ser vice. Tho Public Health. There is a constantly growing in terest in this country in tho question of the public health. At last tb) public mind bj awnke to the fact that many d leases, notably tuberculosis, are National scourges. The work of the State and city boards of health should be supplemented by a con stantly increasing interest on the part of the National (lovernpient. The Navy. It is recommended that this year provision be mado for four new bat tleships, nnd that docks, coaling sta tions, colliers and supply ships he provided to meet the needs thus crea ted. Our coast line i.s on the Pacific ns well as the Atlantic and occas ionally the fleet should be dh, patched to the waters of the Pacific. Our duty to California, Washington and Oregon is the r.ame ns to Maine, New York, Lousiann and Texas. I sin cerely hope that the fleet will be shifted from the Atlantic to the Pa cific every year or two until our navy is of suffioiont strength to ad mit of division. Foreign Affairs. In dealing with other nations it should bo our policy to be neighbor ly and do ail wo can to help others without meddling; and at the same time to give them to understand in a proper way that wo do not mean io be imposed upon. The Philippines. The Secretary of War has gone to the Philippines. On his return I shall s.ibrait to you bis report on tho itinnd;, International Bureau of American Republics. One of the results of the Pan-Am-orican Conference at Rio Janeiro in the summer of 1000 bas been a groat increase in tho activity and useful ness of the International Bureau of American Republics. That institu tion, which includes all the American Republics in its membership and brings sll their represent stives to gether, is doing a really valuable work in informing the pcoplu of the United States about tho other repub lics and in making the United States known to them. Its action is now limited by appropriations determined when it was doing a work on a much smaller scale and rendering muoh less vnluablc service. I recommend that the contribution of this govei nin. i.t to the expenses of the bureau ba made commensurate with its increas ed work. T1IKODORK ROOSEVELT, The Whito House, Doc. 9, 1907. The Modern Variety. "Now Willie Bright," said tho' Sunday school teacher, "can you tell vie what a prophet isi" "Sure," replied Willie, "a pro-; plie.t is one of those fellows who's al-1 ways ttoiu' around lookiu' for ' chance lo sa) 'I told you so.' " Everybody Says Ii. Once more this bromide Now we bear : "Good gracious, isn't Christmas neart" News Notes. The Italian government is report ed to be on file point of adopting electricity to a large extent upon its railroads and the Italian Parliament ltely voted $10,000,000 for this pur pose. The longest seotions which are to be electrically operated nt the start are from Naples to Salerno, a distance of thirty-two n.iles, and from Milan to Lecca, fcimilar distance. Pert Paragraphs. The number of childieu's play grounds in increasing rapidly in I many cities. Recent statistics cover ing 24 citios between 25,000 and 300, 000 population show that there have I been in two years an increase of 94 I per coot in park and municipal pluy ' grounds, and a total increase of all kinds of playgrounds of 54 per ocnt in that period. Itles:.: in disguise would make a greater feit if tho disguiso weren't so thi;k. Current Happenings. Lord Curzon is extremely method;, cal. It is said of him when in India thai in a single moment ho could place his bunds on nay paper in his possession (hut be winded relating to tho country of which he wo Vice roy. Stumped. Bestir yourself!" her father eriecj, ' ' Have dono with foolish mooning, ' ' "Why should 1 stir," the youth re plied, "When l.am busy spooning I" Washington Post. Carry Nation has declared that she would not kiss n man who ohows to bacco. She would find it a difficult matter to kiss some men who do not chew tobacco. Philadelphia Press. Teas- So Mrs. Roxlcy iau't going lo apply for a divorce after all. Jess - No, she found out that (bore were three other girls who were rraay to get him if he was free. Ranks Third in Imports. The United Sites ranks third among the nations in tho mugnitudu of her import), according to a state ment published by the Department of Comiueroe and Labor. The United Kingdom hoods the list with $2,053, 389)000; Germany socond with $1,-fi"-o,C00,000 and tho United States is crodiled with a total of $1,434,421, 000, or 14.7 per cent of the total im ports of the world. Weekly Review of Trade and Latest Market Reoorts. Dun's Weekly Review of Treat says: Improvement Is reported In retail trade and sentiment Is more hopeful In some commercial departments, but pending resumption of active demand manufacturers restrict production Financial conditions aro lees disturb ing, much relief resulting from largi Import ot geld, while a better feelinf was caused by the announcement o) further Government aid, although th proposed bonds and certificates hart not Increased the actual supply ot money. Mercantile collections are lr regular, some eectlons of tbo coun try reporting unexpectedly prompt settlement, while at other points the) aro slow. The final returns for October in dicated a favorable trade balance foi the United States of tA8.747,482. and still better reeults are promised foi November by preliminary reportj available for three weeks. No furth er difficulty Is anticipated In meeting payrolls, now that the mid month set tlements have been made without serious delay. Holiday trade has opened, wholesale houses distribut ing goods to dealers throughout the country. Little alterations is noticed In quo tations of iron and steel, reduction In price being averted by restriction ot output. Any pressure to force sales would result In concessions, but producers maintain th statistical po sition by shuting down all capacity for which there is no demand. Wholesale Markets. Ilultlniore. Wheat Southern was easier on graded lots, but steady de mand for prime wheat. Cargoes sold at 101c. for special bin No. 2 red, 100 for stock No. 2 red, 97 for special bin steamers No. 2 red, 96 for stock steamers No. 2 red, 93 for special bin relected, 92 for stock rejected and 91 for rejected to go through the drier. Small fcag lots, by sample, sold at 90 to 97c. The market for Western opened steady; spot and November, 100c; December, 100; January, 102. Corn --Western opened easy, to c. lower; spot, new 63 c; old and November, 63 to 63 V4; year, 61 62; January, 60 61. Oats White No. 2, heavy, 64 5Ec; No. 2, light to medium, 53 64; No. 3, heavy, .3 63; No. 3. medium, 52 62; No. 3. light. 51 51; No. 4, light to heavy. 60 51. Mixed No. 2. 5252c; No. 3, 50 51; No. 4, 4S049. Butter Creamery separator, 28 29; imitation. 21 22. Cheese. Market steady. Jobbing prices, 16 17c. Eggs Market continues firm un der light receipts and good goods in demand. Quote, per dozen, loss off: Maryland, Pennsylvania and nearby, firsts, 31c; Wjstorn firsts, 31; West Virginia firsts, 30; Southern firsts, 28 "B9; Guinea eggs, 15 16. New York. Wheat Spot weak; No. 2 red, 99c. elevator; No. 2 red, i 100, f. o. b. afloat; No. 1 Northern Duluth. 113. f. o. b. afloat; No. 2 hard-winter, 105, t. o. b. afloat. Corn Spot firm; No. 2. 66c; ele vator, and C6. f. o. b. alloat. Op tion market was easier with wheat closing c net lower. Decern ber closed 66c; May 64 65 closed 64. Oats Spot quiet; mixed, 26 3J lbs., 52c; natural white, 26 3J lbB., 5264; clipped white, 320 40 lbs.. 58 60. Bgg3 firm; receipts. 7,769 cases; Western and Southern firsts, 30 31c; seconds, 2629. Poultry Alive steady: Westeri chickens, 11 12c; fowls. 1 I 12; turkeys, 12 16. Dre.swd steady; Western chickens, 12W15e. : turkeys 14 18; fowls, 10 13 V.. Philadelphia. Wheat lc. low er; contract grade, November, 98 99. Corn dull" and weak; Novem ber, 6364o. Oatc quiet but steady; No. 3 white natural, 52 53 c. Butter firm, good demand; extn Western creamery, 29c; do., nearb prints, 30. Kggs Arm, good demand; Pennsyl vania and nearby firsts, free cases 32c. at mark; do. do., current re ceipts, in returnable cases, 31 at mark; Western choice, free cases 32 at mark; Western, fair to good free cases, 31 at mark. Live poultry steady; fowls, 12 14c; old roosters, 99c; spring chickens, 11 13; ducks 12 18; geese, 1214; tur keys, 14 16. Live Stock. Chicago. Cattle Market steady; steers. $46.60; cows. $3.254; heifers, $2.505: bulls. $2,609 4.76; calves, $3 7 60; stockers and feeders, $2.40 4.70. Hogs Market strong 10c. to 15c. higher; choice heavy snippers, $5.40 6.60; light, butchers', $5.40 $5.50; light mixed, $5.266.35; choice light, $5.86 6.6); packing, $4. 8596.30; pigs, $l6.i0; bulk of sales. $6.16 6. 40. Kansas City. Cattle 41 a r k e I steady tc 15c. higher; choice -export and dressed beef steers, $6.00 6.00; fair to good. $S.754.90; Western steers, $2.4094.86; stockers and feeders, $2.754.25; Southern steers, $3.26 4.0ft; Bouthorn cows, $2.003.36; native eows, $l.i!6 3.90; native heifers. $2.504 36; bulls, $2.00 98.35; oalves, $3.7 5 ID 6.25. Pittsburg, Pa. C a 1 1 1 e Supply light; steady; choice, $6.0096.25; prime, . $5.60 6.90. Sheep Supply light; steady; prime wethers, $1.40 5.60; culls. $1.502.80; lambs, $6 007.00; veal calves, $8.00 8.25. Hogs Receipts fair; active; prime heavies, $6.705.75; mediums and heavy Yorkers, $6.70; light Yorkers. $5.40 5.50, pigs. $5,159 5.15; roughs, $5.2095.25. Hon Market 15 0 26c. higher; top, $5.15; bulk of sales, $5.00ioV 6.20; heavy, $4.95 5.26; packers $6.00S.tO; pigs and light, $4.70 96.16. According to an Bngllah authority, tondon D&VS even IMF nwhr tlMC . 000,000 for the pleasore of seeing Us chliiiuurs smoke. Flreo caused Dy sooty chimneys alone Involve a yearly loss ot $10,000,000. The Pharos of Alexandria, found ,ad about 800 B. CI, is the first bulb. I tag erected as a lighthouse of which i there Is any authentic rooord. A "te-jeuy" naii means that one 1 nails wrnbth 11) pounds. .'Jfee word "poMa?" tats case Is a aarruttM t aaaad.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers