I SS9tttttf f tt?t s SUNDAY SERMON 5 m if 2 M -A SeHolarlx Dlioouri By JJ Kv. Dr. II. M. Stndtri, J Iisxcsstacassssstsa Brooklyn, N. T. At the Washington .' venue Baptist Church, In the absence of the pastor, the Rev. Vr. Robert MncDonald, the pulpit was occupied Sunday morning by the Hev. Henry M. Sanders. D. II., of Mnnhnttnn. The preacher's subject was. "The Character of Jesus." Hlii text was Matthew xxll:42: "What think ye of Christ? Whose Son Is He?" and he said: The chnraeter of Christ Is the ultl matf fact In Christianity. It I the central citadel of our faith. What Hugomont was to Wnterloo the charac ter of our Lord la to our religion. 'Around It the fiercest fight nnd Mood iest cnrnnee raged, but It was found Impregnable, and becnuse it was not captured Napnloon was defeated. So the character of Christ stands to Chris tendom. If It could lie shown to be false all would he (rained by Its foes, but that character stands becnuse It conies out of the (la nes of criticism, without so much ns tlm smell of (Ire upon Its garments. Who Christ was and what He was, therefore, are ques tions that have not lest their Interest for mankind. Ever Jesus Christ Is the most powerful spiritual force. lie is to-day what He was for centuries, the object of t li s love and reverence of the ftood: and the cause of hope and repent, one? to bad: of strength to the mor ally weak: Inspiration to the despond ent: consolation to the desolate: cheer to the dying. He has b?en the Incen tive (;f the most unbounded benevo lence, the most s-vf-sncriticing devo tion, the InHnite withir. the limits of our humanity, and faith has bdieid In His sufferings the sacrifice for human sin. Sur-dy no other has done such n work as this. He Is to-day the world's Imperishable wonder; its everlasting probii'i i The 11,1111 who would assail our fa'th with a -y decree of success must i'.j it through the Founder. I want i ) direct ycur attention to some of tl e features of that character which, strike 1 as bcinc unique. In the first place, it Is the iViwl-ss. lies 1 ' that character. lie completely Fatislii otir Ideal of human virtue. You (annot thi.ik of Cod as le-'ng ti ore holy than He. In the world II" lived a perfectly sinless life at all point. We shall seek in vain for any trace of sin in that life which would Indicate a will defected from tied. No pri.le. ambition, covetousr.ess. t.iali'-e, paltcrirvi with truth, no deviation from the n est exact rectitude. It was a life of the highest purity, of the most im partial i:;nity, uncalciilating self-sacri-15 ce mid sternest veracity. And yet our Lord's fau'.tlessness of character doe Dot rest upon our inability to detect evil. Iii the first place. He never ac knowledged Rin in any form, but lives Ili.VM?lf tree from every kind of sin, eithr. of commission or omission. Sin is the transgression of the law or any wnr.t of conformity thereto. Hut ,lcus never left undone anything He ousht to have done. He said, "I have glorl ll"d Thpe on earth." and "I do always the things that please Him." He throws down the challenge. "Which of you coininecth Me of si.i'.-" Then, again, the faultlesscess stands the test tf intimacy. "No .nan is a lip'.o to his valet," said Thackeray. When Whitfield was asked whether 11 cer.i.in nan were a Christian, he said: "How dc I know? I have never lived villi hi lint the people who lived with Jesus are the most outspoken In the expression of Ilia holiness. John lpeiare.- that He was "A huib without ri' or blemish." Such was the t"stl- j moi.y of friends. His sir.lossn-.'ss i stiu.iis the test of enmity, of those who I lay in wait to entrap Him. and yet their testimony Is explicit. Pilate de- I hired: "I find no fault in II in;" the ! centurion who superintended tile 1 roci- fixio;, said. "Truly this was ihe S) of God.'' at d the traitorous disciple ile- , claiel tiiat he had "betrayed i.inocont 1 I li ml." AYIien we look it.to tli- life of 1 Jesus we find that the record gust." Ins ; this testimony of friend and foe al I.e. lie never repents, never expresses re- jrret fur anyt.li.ig. It is clar tlutt Ile 1 Juts no compunction, of cnsc-lone. no feeling of unworthinoss. lie tells us that lie goes hack to God untarnished. And all this In view of the well known fact th.:t the nearer a rr.nn lives to Cod the more lie realizes his defects, 'i he tiiiiisu'v of hunaii perfection is the 1:0.1s cie ice. (.'ail.'le says that t.ie givatB.it of faults is to be conscious of nothing. The worse a man Is the less conscience speaks to him. If the shield te dull r re u- less spots upon it mako little difference, but it perfectly pol ished one spot mars it. Jesus never accused Himself. Abra ham, Moss, Samuel and Ezekiah all hud t) acknowledge imperfections. 1 ctr wept tears nnd Paul speaks of hki self as "the chief of sinners." lid--vard i'liyson says be did jot know any evil of which he did not feel the possibility li bis awi. l:ature, ami Joi r.tlian Edwards in writing his diary sialned the ina.msuipt with tears of contrition as he wrote. You detect no such rhing with Jesus. Why? lie. c;.i: lie was a Pharisee, satislied whii 'Menial righteousm ss? Had lie fan-ta-'le ideas of lioliress? He ll'ade t..e n.cit cMillcd Haiilard for K.en and yet nevrr gave the slightest, intimat I ill that He fell t,bw it. lie said: "If ye (net wei repeat;" und "Ye (not wel must l.e born again." In all matters it hit 1 an kyin inthy where He toll lit r.ily 1 1 i 1 : self with man lie did so, but li sil. He always separated Himself. The Mi-called "Lord's I'rayer" is not (lie Lord's prayer except that lie gave It. When He said. "Onr Father, wlio me !n lieaven. forgive us our sins." it v.'.is a prayer He never meant for Hini fielf. Tlie symmetry of His character, the cou.plctcnesg of It and the idea of fondness wtilch Is presented by Him is harmonious. There is nothing one sided or narrow which is so often dis cernible in the greatest of men. As a rul tve cannot exemplify one aspect of human goodness except at the cost) of the rest. It would seem as if nature, exhii usted Itself by success in a certain direction. '1'he hollow answers to the bill in li 11 mn 11 character. It was not so with .leius. Iu His character each vir tue was balanced by its counterpart; He was magnificent, yet weak: humble, jet firm; Just, yet benevolent; dignified, yet condescending; pure, yet sympa .ee.ic; commanding, yet tuuiuM'v: spiritual, out not ascetic, a cm-.v many virtue are only vices that have goue to eed. Our Lord never went too fur. He was In perfect equipoise; unique, but not eccentric. He was a combination of the masculine and t lie feminine. I like to think that He took mi all human nature, r.ot simply that of the man. 5V need not to wor ship tlie vlrnlu'MHry. when we have Jesus Christ. He ympathlzes with everything that I beautirul In hiiuinu life. He was sensitive, but not senti mental; brave, but not rash: always firm, but not obstinate or pigheaded; Ills dlanity never approachlinr pride; Ills svuiputhy never becomes eusy-vo- Ing familiarity: He unites implacable hatred of sin with the warmest love for the sinner, nnd keeps a beautiful bal ance between severity and tenderness. Our human nature, even at its best, can hold nothing settled. The scales nre always slipping oft the balance. The finite nature seems to exhaust It self In success ft) any one line of hu man achievement. Hut this balance of the character of Jesus is never dis turbed nor needs readjustment. In Him the diverse prophecies of the Old Testament unite. In one place lie is descrllied as "n root out of a dry ground;" In another as "the living branch:" ns "despised and rejected of men" iu one passage nnd as "the desire of all nations" in another. In His character lie combines the char acteristics of moral excellence. Think also of the universality of (lie character of Jesus. No nation or race, no time or sect can claim Him as its own. Willie a Hebrew, yet there does not seem to be any particular Hebrew, or even Oriental, chi.racteristle about Hint. And this is the more remark nbl it we remember tint the Jews there have been no other such people in the world have kept tlie mood of irlnd, the passive disposition through all generations, and they have llowed, like tae gulf stream, through the ocean, yet unaffected by it. They have been n.ore eternal than the "Eternal City" Itself, 'lne race remains a3 wlien 1'ompey led their captive fathers to the Imperial city. "JKH years ago. Cut of this unir.L.gliiig race there emerges Jesus, tne cosmopolitan, the n.n of the whole world. We cannot seem to account for Kim or bring Him into line with His predecessors. In all centuries He lias been recognized as the type of human virtue, .-cerates would tut be considered an exetr.plary mu i tt-ibiy. nor Maveus Aiirellus. A gejd tr.ai.y sr.ir.ts have been canonized t nit ous.ht tt have been cannonaded. Jsus Christ was what He always called lli nself, "Tlie Sen of Man." as If hi Him hu manity was complete. Again, think of tlie uniqueness of Jos n In His facliing. I'lato hai. been a d':..i..ant Inllmnce in tile world, l.y comparing sclio:I with school he be ca jie one of the most Warned men. N it so with .Testis. H did not sit at the fret of any Jewish rablil. lie was only n carpenter's son in a rural district. "How kiiowcth this man letters, hav ing never learned':" was asked. II as sociated witl' t.mse wlio weiv His mas. trs in lej.rnii.g, and yet co-.if und (! them. Kruilite lawyers and "'liarlsces .Hii.cd to catch Iii:n. and yet He al ways answered tlucu iiii i ediateiy and never asked fcr time to consider. His replies were in terms so "xplicit ti nt Kis teachings have settled casuistry for 2'XH years. No man has ever he.-n nble to add a single lo.fl to the moral nnd spiritual truth He taught. Once more think of the uniqueness of His chnraeter in regard tt Lis jiiglity works, and His ii.a.i.ier of d-Lig tiie.n. He never ascends to I'u.s work, but always descend.!. His efforts are with out laboriousness or strain, as if rather a relaxation, unlike oilier ren when engaged iu a great perl'r:Tiauce. .le never prepared Himself for a miracle or studied the laws of dy ramies or force. In the first chapter of (Jenesis it is written, "God said. Let there he light." That seems to ii dicate the wi: in which Jesu3 porfonred "lis nira cles. He acted as if He were accus tomed to dois them, as if they were spangles on the regalia of a ki::g. Tlie disciples rejoiced tiiat "the devils were subject" to then), nnd He told then) rather to rejoice that their names were "written in htavei." That is the best thi.ig. So we come bark to the question, "What thil k ye of Christ? Whose Son Is He?" Vhat answer are we going to make? We have gut to answer; no man caa escape it. That personal query siands dc.ninant and persiste'it In front of every irun alive: the one vreat interrogation popit facing every generation and every Individual. We know answers that have been given: That He was the natural product of tile outgrowth of the ages; the (lower f the preceding ages, the proceed of the force long held in solution. That is tne explanation Willi which evolu tion accounts for Jesus Christ. Then vl:y docs nut evolution produce an other Jesus, or something like Ilini? So, i.e say He was a literary product, the Ideal of Inventive minds, ltcnari tells us the gospels are the supremo ro n.enres of tlie world. My friends. It wru.d seem to be as credible that a Zulu composed "I'aradise Lost" as that tins superb, marvellous character should be simply the weaving of liu p:an brains. That interrogation point still stands: "What think ye of Christ?" 1'iilntlng Die l.llv. In the vicinity of the Duomo. 'n Florence, are the bronze sates, that Michael liigelo said were tit to be the gates of raradise. Once they were covered wilh exquisite enamel work. The decorators gilded the bronze with 'old loaf. ,,ut the veneer was very .liiir. soi.ii the damp, the cold, the beat, racked the delicaio frosiing and now it is ail g inc. Tu-ilay tin? gates stand forth ciothcl only iu their simple .splen dor. And vet. In-hold tin- rich bronze is more beautiful in i:s simplicity than with irx gilded veneer. The storms we're kind to the '.'i!es and removed what was nierei rh-ioiis and gaudy and restored them to the.r native beauty. So men have piinled portraits of Jesus; they have tried to "paint tho lily an.l gild refined gold." l'.ur we go back to the portraits of the gospels and in their simple portrayals find u beauty that itad been lost. Krltli-itreii of I.oth, One of the greatest evidences of Hod's love to those that love Him is to send them ntllictions with grace to hear them. John Wesley. In normany a commercial traveler ...u: drinks loses the respect of his te. FIND FOREST OF BURIED OAKS I Trees In England Have Been Under ground 2,000 Years. A wonderful relic of tho past nap been brought to light at Yaxley, Pe terborough, in the discovery of what ia most proh.-'hly a burled forest. At a depth of seven feet have been fo:in:l a number o." oak trees which have lain burled for sumo 2,000 years. Most of the t -ees tiro almost perfect In condition, and are being sold to furniture mr.'.iufacturers and others. Altogether a!:out eighty trees have been raised, rnd hundreds more are left in the giound untouched at a depth of five cr six feet. In nearly all the cases the roots are found at tached. The Loes are In clusters of three or four, rintlns In different di rections, and in some instances they llo across each other. The wood Is extremely hard, and can only be worked by machinery; It turn the edge of an axe. Some of the trees are being rut up for usd In the mysterious mansion which Is be ing built for Mr. Astor. London Chronicle. THE SUNDAY SCHOOL INTERNATIONAL LES30N COMMENTS FOR APRIL 29. ob,)rtI The fsrahlo of ttm Sower. Mark It., 1-30-Ontitrn Tr, I.nkn vlll., It Mninnrr Vrr, 30 Topic ; How to Hear tha Went. I. The parable of the sower (vs. 1 8). 1. "Began again to teach." The summer passed in a succession of ex citements nnd an unbroken recurrence, of exhnustlng toll: He seems to have spent the mouths In successive circuits, from Capernnnm ns a centre, through nil the villages of (Jalllee. "The sea side." The Sea of Calllee. "Oreat multitude." The Pharisees had been laboring by base calumnies to drivo the people awny from Jesus, but they still Hocked after Illm ns much as ever. Christ will be glorified In spite of all opposition; He will be followed. "A ship." Jesus sat iu a boat which had been prepared for Mini. "In the sen." The boat was Iu the sen. "On the laud." The multitude stood on the shore. J. "Taught by pnrn lilos." A par able Is an allegorical relation or rep resentation of something ren I in life or nature,, from which a moral is drawn for Instruction. Christ's pnr nbles nre a comparison of spiritual things with natural in order that the spiritual things may be better under stood. "In His doctrine." That Is, in His teaching. 3. "heboid a sower." The animated introduction gives plaus ibility to the view that our Lord point ed to some distant sower In sight scat tering his seed. 4. "Tlie way side." There are four kinds of ground men tioned. The tirst is tlie wayside where no plow hail broken It tip. .". "Stony ground." Luke says, "up on a rock." The rocks of I'nlcstine und Syria nre mostly limestones, with many tint stretches, covered with an inch or so of soil. Tills Is the second kind of ground. "Sprang up." A thin surface of poll above a shelf of rock is like a hotbed; the stone keeps the beat and stimulates the growth. Dur ing the rainy season In Palestine the growth would be rapid, ii. "Withered away." Luke says "It lacked moist ure." The hot sun dried up the moist ure and .scotched the grain. T. "Among th'.rns." The third kind of soil was good. a:id there was hope of a harvest, but the ground was tilled with pernic ious seeds. Thorny shrubs and plants abound In Palestine. S. "Cood ground." The fourth kind of soli was rich and well prepared. "Some an hundred." This represents the highest degree of faithfulness. II. Why Christ taught in parables (vs. !MUt. '. "Hath ears." etc. This usually follows an Important statement inti mating that he who has the discern incut to understand will tind the deepei meaning. 10. "When alone." Either this explanation to the disciples was made later, or he withdrew a short dis tance from tlie multitude so 1 s to be nlone. Christ evidently spoke further to the people on this same day. II. "I nto you." To yon. disciples, who Inquire, nnd seek to know the truth; to you who nre "within" in con trast to those who tre "without." "To know the mystery." Tlie true disciple lias a knowledge of the "mystery of godliness" the mystery of the atone ment nnd tlie great plan of salvation, Including repentance, faith, conversion. i:. ."'Hint seelnjf." etc. See Isa. 0:!. lie did not speak in pnr.thles becnuse He did not wish them to know the truth and see the light, but because they were iu darkness and closed their eyes to the light. III. The parable of the sower ex plained (vs. Kt-'JO). M. "Know ye not." etc. Jesus now proceeds to an swer the second question isee note 011 v. 10). 14. "The sower." Consider the sower, tlie seed, the soil. 1. Who ever preachoth the word of Cod to the people is tne sower; Jesus Christ, the apostles, every true minister of the gospel, all whose holy example Illus trates and Impresses gospel truths. "Soweth the word. 2. "The seed is the w. d of Cod" (Luke :11. Tho soil is the heart of man. The seed can not grow without soil; but the life is iu 'the seed, not In tlie soil. The re sults, however, depend largely upon the kind of soil in which the seed Is sown. 15. "By the way side." The four kinds of soil represent four classes of Individuals. The wayside hearers nre those wlio do not understand be cause they do not pay proper atten tion. Sin has hardened tho heart. F.vll habits, profanttv. uucleau thoughts nave tramped it solid. "Word Is sown." In each case the seed was good. Have heard." All hear; Cod speaks to every person; nil might heed and become fruit-bearing Christians if they would. "Satan cometh." .Mat thew says "tlie wicked one," and Luke says "the devil." IT. "Have no root." He did not cunt the cost (Luke II :S-;i: 1. His emotions were touched, but his soul was not deeply convinced of Its right eousness. "Endure but for a time." While everything goes smoothly ,md they are surrounded by good'lntlu ences. is. "Among thorns." The soil was goo, I. but was preoccupied. The thorny ground hearers go farther than either of those mentioned in the former in stances. They bad root in themselves and were able to endure the tribula tion), persecutions and temptations tiict came upon them: but still they al lowed other things to onuse theiy to become unfruitful. 1:0. "Cood ground." Good and hon est hearts. "Kring forth fruit." Who Icing forth fruit to perfection? 1. 'i ii".-- who have heard and received tho word. . Those wlio "keep If (Luke S:1.-j:; Hint Is, obey the truth. 3. Those who have pure hearts (Acts lo:!)! hearts made tree from sin P,om. 4. Those who bring forth fruit "with patience" (Luke 8:15i. Trained Cats. The cat Is the latest member of the animal kingdom to receive an educa tion. France is the country where tho Idea originated, and some of tlie results have been remarkable. One animal trainer In Franco Bays that he has been astonished at the Intelli gence of the cats, in unexpected ways, too. For Instance, ho was attempting to make one stand on her hiud legs and having done it once readily enough she evidently thought It was sufficient, and did not want to do It again. The trainer then hit the cat and Immediately she stood on her hind legs and with her front paw reached up and gave the trainer a long scratch on his hand. Then she got down and ran g-.:ickly away. Hat Violin Mad Long Ago. A violin, said to be 206 years old, It owned by Susie E. Maxwell of Harpa well. Me. The instrument la Inscribed as followa: "Chiafredo Owippa fecit. Cremoue, Anno 17." EPWQHTH LEAGUE LESSONS SUNDAY, APRIL 29. City Evangelization. Dcut 8. 10-18; Ezek. 27. 28. Do we believe the city can be saved? Is the gospel really within reach of these thronging multitudes, not as a theory, but as a living fact? Can we hope to enthrone our Christ over all the busy life and work of tne town? Can Its commerce be brought Into subjection to him? Can Its social life be made Christian In spirit? Do we know what methods are needed to bring about the results that are re quired of us? Can we adapt ourselves to the Infinite variety of conditions which exist In the cities? Have we the resources with which to meet the de mand for workers, nnd for money to cairy on the works? Have we men and women who are fitted to do the work and willing to attempt It? Have we tne means with wnieh to support them? To every one of these questions tht only possible Chilstinn answer is, "Yes!" Other answer Is confession cf failure, not In tho cities only, but everywhere. For we have preached Christ as the answer to the deepest human need; but tho deepest human need to-day is found in New York and Chicago and Canton and Peking, and all the other centers where nuinanity is massed In multitudes, mo world's cities must become like the city which John saw in his vision, or Christianity will fall, and with it civilization will fall Into hopeless ruin. CliriHt knew the city well during his human life Most of his work was done In the centers of population. In the week before the crucifixion he set a most striking example for his fol lowers ho went to the solitudes that he might gain strength, and then re turned to tlie city that he might spend tt for others. Many of his followers do just the opposite thing; they go to tho city that they may gain wealth, and then return to pleasant country homes that they tuny spend it on them selves. Christ knew the city's selfishness, its wickedness, its Burrows, its indif ference, Its hunger. Its avarice he scouraged; its sorrow he sought to heal; its hunger he fed; over us In difference ho wept; and for Its sin be died. Christ has no wholesale Scheme to save tho city. Ho Is always seeking to save the Individual, not the mass. And he begins with the individual heart, rather than any outward need. There are many ways of Improving people's condition in life, hut there Is only one way of saving them from sin. , Christ's teaching Is followed least of all in the ctiy. His greatest ene mies are there at their strongest. For that reason his friends should bo at their best in tho city. The city Chris tian should be the most thoroughgo ing of all Christians because the tes timony of his life Is most urgently needed there, and because ho has the largest and hardest field of service. APRIL TWENTY-NINTH. Home Missions Among Foreigners In America. Eph. 2:13-19. Whoever thinks of any man as ''far off is not near to Christ. Whatever wall separates men whether of intellectual or social caste, money or rank or fashion is unchris tian. AH separation is potential war, but Christ Is the Prince of Peace. The Christian Ideal is that of tho household, and the larger the Chris tian, the larger Is the family of his Interests and affections. Suggestions. The American ideal Is Incorporation one body each for all and till for each, like hands and feet and eyes. The only prosperity or foreign mis sions Is homo missions. Home mis sions are the fulcrum on which the lever of foreign missions moves. In helping the foreigners, now In America we are probably merely re paying the help given to our own Im migrant ancestors. Our cities rule America and the for eigners rule tho cities. New England Is now made up of fif ty different nationalities. Every year about one- million Im migrants enter our country. Said an Italian In New York not long ago: "Americans are not a race; they are Just a society of different races, and I have a right to join them too." Six Arabic newspapers are published In New York by Syrians. Our Foreign-Born Americana. It is a great mistake to class any body of foreign Immigrants as "un desirable." Most of them have been oppressed for ages, but all havo valu able qualities to contribute to our civilization. Few immigrants have any Idea of free Institutions. Recently a party of eypslca, detained at the Immigrant station on Ellis Island, were frenzied with foar for thVr children, who had been removed to a hospital because they had measles. They had heard that the authorities would drown the children, and were only quieted when a deputation of mothers was allowed to go and see that all was well. Tho Snowdrop. When Adam and Eve hml been suit out of the Garden of Eden ull the flowers felt bo sorry for them that they folded tholr petals and gradually faded away. Then lly? earth looked so desolate that a kind angel sent the first snow Btorrn to cover with Itj beautiful white flakes the forlorn looking earth. Hut the beautiful snow did not comfort Eve, and she mourned for the flowers. The angel, pitying her, came down from heaven to speak 11 kind word to her. Now there was one little cleared place yet, where a small bush-like tree grew, and as the angel talked to Eve a particularly large flake fell In a bend of one of Its boughs, and presently when they looked at tt a second time It had turned to a large white, flower. , The angel pointed to the flower and said to Eve: "Let that be a symbol of rejoicing to you. For tt meana that by and by simmer will come again and all the flower bloora an mora." v --m h m - tea mm urn tm mm xm. 1 Uj j2lSJL UL1 11 V Barley In HunilriMl Tlowlng and fitting the ground for barley needs to be done moro deeply and thoroughly than for wheat or any other grain crop, says Farming. It Is good practice to follow with barley nr tor some hoed crop thnt has been well fertilized with bnrnynrd manuro. Ex cellcnt yields are secured after alfalfa or rot crops. The crop matures In about 1(X) days from seeding nnd requires a rich. warm, easily ponetrnted seed bed, well supplied with plant food, for It Is distinctly a surface feeding crop. When ami How in Plant Corn. The old saying thnt "It it time to plant corn when the dogwood Is in bloom" is ns close ns one can come to fixing a date that will suit ail latitudes. Certaliiiy tho ground should be in good condition before tho seed Is planted, snys Farming. No time is gained by planting before tho soil Is somewhat warm and In condition for the seed to germinate and grow rnpldlr. The thickness of planting or the fertility of tho amount of seed that should be put in tlie ground depends uponmany conditions, such as the fertility of the soil, rainfall and variety of corn grown. Varieties that produce, largo stalks and large ears and those thnt produce sev eral ears to the stalk require thinner planting than smaller growing varle UO. How to .'r()lrte xrerl. Seeds of mnny annuals retain their vitality several years, nnd, if they be come abundant In tho soli, germinate at Irregular Intervals, which causes trouble for a long time, even If 110 fresh seed is sown. Hy preventing tlie production of seed you reduce the quantity of weeds and prevent further spreading. l!y following this method. lawns, pastures nnd roadsides can be kept free of weeds. In llelds thnt nre to be cultivated, first burn It over to destroy ns mnny ns possible of the seeds of the surface. Then plow shal low, so ns not to bury the seeds deep In the soli, cultivating not deeper thnn the plowing. This induces germination of seeds in tlie layer of soli nnd klll3 the seedlings ns they appear. Then plow tlie land deeper nnd repeat the cultivation until the weed seeds nre thoroughly cleared out. This depth should be eight to ten inches. Very few weed sends can germinate and push a shoot to the surface. Cood re sults enn be obtained by spraying with two to four per cent, solution of cop per sulphate to destroy charlock of wild mustard In growing grain. This application is not very good for killing annual plants where cultivation Is pos sible. Otto Irwin. Ornnco I".ni. For Nests. In nearly every town orange boxes may be bought at moderate prices. They make the very best nest boxes, especially If they nre arranged in the following manner: As every one knows the orange box is partitioned through the centre, thus making plenty of room for two nests In each box. Take a number of boxes nnd stand them on 1 '"liiiinji.,.,. ...mb&ir.y m end, and fasten them securely together wirh strips of wood. Then from old boxes or other sources obtain sutliclent lumber to make an alley way darkened by a board over the top. Place a little walk so that the heiiR may readily go to tho second tier of nests, iu the renr of oneii box or nest, near tho top, make a holo Just Inr'o enough to get one's hand in, so thnt the eggs may be removed in this way and the nest material changed wheu neces sary. With this arrangement each hen has a nice dark place to lay, and Is not disturbed by nnythinir. The Illustration shows the idea clearly. Indianapolis Now j. lietlnr l'oullrr nn tha Fiirio. Now that poultry is in such demand and nt double tha former prices for eggs and chicks, poultry on tlie farm has beeoni3 a greater interest than ever before. It is Just as easy to grow good chickens ns scrubs, and they ent no more nnd bring much more money. A lady who gives much nttentiou to growing chickens on the farm sends tlie following letter on tho subject to tho Farmers' Review. She enys: I would like to see more and better poultry on our farms, nnd I believe there Is no way In which we enn more readily mid surely Increase tho returns from our farms. The point at which wo should stop Increasing the size of our flocks is that at which there Is nothing more for the fowls to glonu from the fields in tho way of bus and lost grain. Tho tender grass and tho young clover that are to be found all over the farm in late summer and fall make good feed for fowls and we should utilize them as much as possible by having a large number of fowls to use It, We need more poultry on tho farms, at Is evidenced by the Increasing prleo for poultry products. This menus that tho demand Is ahead of the supply. When the prices get high there la a tendency for the people to buy other food In the place of poultry products; therefore we are tho losers. Thero Is another reason why we should Increote the nmoiuit of poultry on our farms and that Is that poultry meut is not ns solid as other meat, and therefore Iu selling it w6 get more for the same food. value parted with than from a like weight of beef or pork. The butter the poultry the more wo will get for the food consumed, which Is, of course, of great moment. We have in most of our flocks bens that eat and eat and never lay an egg. Borne of them have passed beyond the age for laying and the owuer hai lost Ti track of them In the flock. We can gel better flocks by weeding out these un profitable lnynrs. Indiana Farmer. XVood Aahea on tha Farm. On all farms wood ashes are consid ered valuable on grass crops. In fact, wood ashes have always held a high place In tho preference of farmers for fertilizing purposes, and ns long as ashes can be had of standard quality they will continue to be used. Hard wood ashes are regarded as far su perior to the ashes of soft woods, yet the variation In the amounts of potash derived from the ashes of bard woods Is so great as to render it difficult to draw the line of value between bard and soft woods. Experiments made at the Ontario Station with Canada ashes show that hickory asbes contain 0.17 per cent, of potash; red onk, C.75; but ternut, 3.0i); walnut, 4.02; cherry, 5.28; penr, 0.73; plum, 4.81; pencil, 0.08; quince, 0.32, and grap cuttings, 12.21 per cent. It will be noticed, therefore, thnt the ashes of grape cuttings largely exceed all others In percentage of potnsh contained, while the pear wood goes nbove hickory. These facts show that nn farmer can purchase wood ashes with n knowlcdgo of their cor rect value unless he learns something of the place nnd manner in which the nslies nre produced. If he procures red onk ashes he will secure about sixty per cent, of potash, compared with hickory ashes, and their value will further depend (In weight) upon the exposure to which the nshes were subjected before reaching the farms, ns potash Is easily leached out and the weight of tlie ashes Is Increased by absorption of moisture from tlie atmos phere. Ashes should always be an alyzed before purchasing in order that tholr correct proportion of potash mny be determined. If such Is not feasible, then they should be sold tinder gunr nntee, in all cases making an allowance for the amount of moisture contnlned, the purchaser procuring bis supply from some reliable and well-known denier. tlpn ltrlefn. ' No bee ever nunettires fruit. Tho bee but follows the punctures made by the yellow jackets or ivnsps. A bee does not sling when working nnd active, but only when loafing nnd Irritable. A mosquito bile is more painful nnd harmful than the sting of a nee. Smoke injected into a hive causes tlie bees to feed upon honey, makes them contented, nnd then thev mnv ha handled with impunity. Dr. K. K. Phillins. of tho DnnnrtmAiit of Agriculture, nt Washington, bns demonstrated that bees to nn extent re flect tlie temperament of the people of the countries of which they are native. Carillollllll nnd Italian heps Ilka 4ha Caucasian, nre gentle. The Cyprians offset their vlndlctlveness by the fact tant they are tho heaviest honey-producers. A queen bee mates but once In n llfn. tlme and that at the age of five days. The average life of n oiiopm to nlumf three years, so that marrying at tho nge or nve nays brings about a condi tion In which the bee differs radically from humans. Itees Mvnrm for various reasons. sometimes becnuse they want moro room, or the old uiicon wants to ohdl- cnte as sovereign nnd give place to a younger one. When there is a revolu tion in the colony and the old unpen Is superseded In swarming time, two or three quoins go out with the colony nnd one queen will sting the others to death, for there must be but one queen In a colony. Queens have been knpwn to reign four years, but nre generally regarded as unlit 'and superseded when throe years old. Honey will always bo one of the luxuries and there will never come a time when pure honey cannot bo sold nt n good price. The cities nro full of rank Imitations of honey that sell at honey prices and anyone who is able to furnish a supply of pure comb honey und get it to the market In good shape, may be sure of getting from fifteen to twenty cents a pound for it. The Epltomlst. Rnoil Horn stall. The matter of having the proper sort of an accommodation for tho horse Is a very Important one. An Idea, with tho description of the same, for a good stall Is given by a corresjioudent in Success ful Farming, which is as follows: "The features of tho horse stall shown Iu cut are the liny rack and manger. The former is built outside the utall, and mny bo connected with, second floor by n chute. It should bo made about three feet wide and eigh teen inches deep, ud tlie wood grat ings be at least eight Inches apart, so that tlie horse may easily pass in his head up to eyes, llottom should slant toward the manger, thus catching all llttor. The horse grasplug a mouthful of bay will hold It over the mauger while eating, where all loose particles will be caught. Tho uneaten portions remaining In tho rack will not be mussed over. "Feed box should be placed at oppo site end of manger. If the construction of stable permits have door at back, to feed groin through without entering the stall. Every detail should be car ried out as indicated in cut, even to floor boards run leugtbsvlse, so sweep ing can be mora easily disposed of." A wagonette containing a wedding party was upset by a motor car in Paris. The bridegroom thrashed the motor car driver, nnd then took him to the police station. CROWTH OF STOCK THAOiNC, tre dprratlnn of Tan rar A, A Peujr Ieal Now. "Until Inst week we had nu broken run of mllllon shnre days PT ceptlng Saturdays, for live month, snld on old Wall street broker, "ti,,,, Is a big chnnge from the old wny 0 doing thing. And by the 'old wny don't mean to go bnck before the c-v: War. Ten years Is a long time in V,'.,u street. Speculators of lo-dny wnuid turn up their noses at the 'heavy u-ui lug' so-called-prior to 1S(J5. In tu!w dnys a brokerage concern that hail t customer who swung a thoti.und shares hnd a client that was much to be desired. Ills account was one for which the average broker would giv, wine suppers nnd theatre pnrties tf get hold of. Now the thonsand-fliari customer Is tt small flsh In. a bit pond. "There ore trndors on the floor of tht Exchange men like C. 13. MacDonnld Harry Content and a dozen othern who will 'turn over' a block of fifteen or twenty thousand fihares for '(n eighth.' This makes business nctlvt and swells the total of shares done In a day. Moreover these operntlouj, which are conducted merely for 1 'scalp' nre frequently mistaken by tht tapeworms for a real 'move,' and tliui the little trnder who ordinarily would keep out of the market gets iu and frequently gets shorn. "The operations of ten years ago really seem laughable. Why. I cun re member when tho Street used to get excited over n speculative combat be tween New York and Chicago. New York would be 'bull' on the niurket nnd Chicago would bo 'bearing' it. Operatlous were a matter of local prldo ami there was Just about the same Interest in trndlng as there would be over the result of bnli games he tween the Glnnts and Anson's Colts. "Strange ns it mny bo seem, the chnugo bus been brought about Isro-ni by Chlcngo or the operations of the eo-cnilod Western crowd. Yes, humili ating r.s it may be for the New York ers to confess It, John W. Gates and his following have dono more to put stock market operations on a scale of magni tude than J. Piorpont Morgan, the Rockefellers and Rogerses nnd all tin other big follows, with tho possible exception of Koene, put together. "It is all tho result of 'easy money.' John W. Gates ami the coterie with which his name is associated muds money so easily that they hesitated 110 more to risk it than the bookmaker who, after a successful day at the track, goes into a gambling bouse nnd bucks the faro bank. Not much more than ton years before he left Chi cago John W. had been peddling, bai l) wire fences. When he came to New York he hnd mnde millions in the Illinois Steel Company, later In the American Steel & Wire, nnd to swell his fortune still further he made an advantageous deal with the United States Steel Corporation. He is game nothiug small In tho way of a plunger nnd be nnd his crowd made things hum when they hit Wail street. On more than one occasion they have jumped into a quiet market and turned things upside down by the purchase of 100,000 shares of one stock In a single day. If you don't think such opera tions have an effect on prices and sen timent just watch tho ticker while the buying Is going 011. "Of course, the Gntes buyin. Is not always considered 'good buying,' but just the samo It has set r. new pace for Wall slreet. and the magnitude 01' the trading has thrown Into the sunde the 'big', operations of n decade ago." iNew Yrrk Press. Poor 1'ajr For Imtnutrr. In Europe many kinds of mnnufact uriu2 are conducted iu households. Not long ago 1111 exhibition of wares produced in this manner was opened in lierlin. The articles shown were nil of German origin. One of the Ameri can consuls iu Germany says in regard to tho display that everything which one naturally connects with a great fair is strikingly absent. Tlie products of tenement and sweatshop, small piecework evolved by the needy, are laid bare to the public. Each exhibit is ticketed, letting forth the pay for piece, time employed in making, anil the profit per hour. If tho object Itself does not particularly attract the atleu tion of the visitor, tho descriptive tan. certainly appeals to hlin. A few exam pies may be given: A boy's suit of clothes, three pieces, made for nboul seventeen cents; artistic, wooden cruel' Axes, curved nt less than two cents 1111 hour; 1-14 toy menagerie animals for eleven cents; putting up 1000 needle.'! for less than one cent for the lot; mounting hooks and eyes on otiil card., with twenty-four pair 011 each, alto gether 17,20 pieces, for twenty-eight cents, nnd nt) extreme case is that of a bit of lace from Platieu worked at the rate of about one-quarter of a cent 1111 hour. Progress and poverty are no where more abruptly contrasted than In this pitiful display. Expressions of amazement aud sympathy, manifested by the highest classes of society, nr echoed' throughout tho German, press This would seem to beat even Chinese cheap labor! New York Tribune. Alau an Accident. The great majority of men nre acci dents. I mean that they are creatures of clrcuiustunees and victims of ete vlronment. How small Indeed must ht tho number who set out in life at nu early age to become this, that 01 t'other and nre not switched off tW track by Just n little Incident. Some ol us are switched off early and some late; nay, some too Inte. I do not be lieve It advisable for a mou to chang his occupation after he Is forty-five. Yet mnny men do tnnke a chango, nnd for the better, even after fifty or fifty live. A man should be settled down Nt about thirty-three. At that age he it old cnouglKto have snmo sense, and should know pretty well his beut nnJ capabilities. Most of us, however, are the straws of every wind that blow. New York Press. Ha Hh4 Not I.oit It. A txmdou bus driver had shouted, "ilgh Oborn!" jays a writer In tue Daily News, till the passenger on the' seat beiilnd hi 111 could 110 longer resist the temptation to make a joke. "Excuse ine," said the passenger, "but haven't you dropped something?" o tymi juu iv tuirjug Ul, turned the driver, keeuly. "but never mind. I shall pick tt "Jj when we get f to Hoxford street" ' I'f u a Mrnt ......'.. -.It -a. t
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers