. 3? . V MEMORIAL day -flpWerctre:WnI tombs op old 7 GYPT and Greece nil made use of nnd Rome lluwer In tli..tp funeral eereiiionles. Tlio A ,1... ....i lr.ini.iiia honored their heroic dead by mngnitleent funer als nnd various anniversary celebra tions. The greatest orators of the -riod wore proud to be elected to pay tribute to the memory of their fallen warriors. Pericles was chosen to de liver the funeral oration over the slain in tin; IVIopotinesian War, nnd Demos thenes over the killed In the terrible battle of Cberonea. All great nations of the past have felt and acted upon this sentiment, nnd those of to day ure perpetuating the beautiful custom. Americans honor the heroic deeds of their patriot warriors by strewing tlow- over their graves, and by reciting iu language glowing with patriotic ur dor the historic events made immortal ly their brave citizen soldiery. The American Memorial Day Is observed In almost every part of the civilized world; American soldiers He burled In almost every clime, from the Arctic to the tropics, In the Far Hast as well ns at home. Originally designed ns n day to be set apart for patriotic teaching and for the paying of a public tribute to the men who died in their country's serv k Memorial Day has In recent years made Its observance co-extenslve with the boundaries of the nation. The dec oration of the graves of the soldier dead was one of its Impressive feat ores, but was extended In many locali- 1 -r'; !ti. M; fair mi A.I 4tf vMii.n jiiA V'J" UUi Jt GENERAL F. P. IiLAIIt. Jit. St. tiaii.icns' e,iiestrlan statue of GENERAL J. A. LOGAN. Commanded a corps in Sherman's march Ceneral W. T ("Old Tecuniseh") Sher- Served under Sherman in Northern Geor to the sea. mull the Plaza. Fifty-ninth street K,a 111 and Fifth avenue, New York City. ties to the known graves of soldiers win) had fought In uny of the wars in which the flag of the Government had ueril Imperilled. Thus soldiers of the Itevolutioii and of the War of lslli wore duly honored ns well ns those who had served in the Civil War. In thise days, however, there Is no State but which has Its national soldier dead, nnd Iu which there are not found the graves of brave men who fel! fighting on behalf of their country and under the flag which represents Its power and authority. Much has been said regarding the origin of Memorial Day, and a number of theories have been advanced calcu-lati-d to prove what suggested to (Jen oral Logan the Idea to Issue orders to the Grand Army, ot which he then was commander, designating a day on which every year "the graves of com- NEVVJEUJjJiY MONUMENT' AT AN- TIETAM. radea who died In defense of their country" should be "strewn with flow ," or "otherwise decorated." Mumn't it thrill a follow make a glitter in his eye And a hdgct in his lootstcps when the boys go 111 .1 ri-h my; by? Old liiein'rii-s throng; around him with no regret or sigh lie hails t tic Mnniim columns as the boy go man-lung by! Ho seems to hear the rattle of the rides once ngnm, , A.i in the day Cod's daisies were red dened by the rain. Tlie clamor of the captains the charge ami the retreat, And think of love that listens for unre turning feet. Doesn't it thrill a fellow? Wrinkled and gray he stands; Hut oh! the gleim o' the hayo cts, and the banners and the bands! The white hair falling over the brows of the old time braves, , At they answer to the roll-call over their comrades' graves. Frank I;. Stanton. .fi T If General Joselth Wheeler says that General Logan's attention, when on May 5. 1SHS, as commander of the Grand Army of the Kepublle, he issued orders In regard to keeping green the memory of the brave "boys In blue," had no doubt been called to the custom of the Southern people of annually set ting apart a day "to pay reverence to those who sacrificed their lives for a principle that was dearest and nearest to their hearts." He says: ' "The women of the South were ever assiduous In their care of the resting places of their dead, perhaps because of the customs peculiar on this side of the Atlantic to Mobile nnd New Or leans, where on All Souls' Day each year the cemeteries wre carpeted with untold myriads of rare nnd costly flow ers strewn by devoted hands over the graves of the beloved dead. "During the contest between the States the women nnd children of the South delighted to bring (lowers nnd evergreens to decorate the graves of the martyrs to their cause. As the spring brought the anniversary of thn doomsday of the "lost cause," the fair women of Southland instituted another nnd a special day In honor of their be loved soldiers, and the pathos of the devotion was the deeper iu that the sacrifice of tbclr lives had been made, seemingly, all In nln. "April 2(1 was the day set npart by n consent spontaneous In its universal adoption Alabama's and Georgia's first public Decoration Day was In Items. No more fitting time than the anniversary of the loss of the cause so dear to their souls could have been cho sen for the perpetuation of the memory of their heroes. "Women, and women alone, Inaugu rated the custom. Men, more reserved lu the expression of the sentiments of their hearts, might permit their de parted comrades ipiletly to become a part of the general history, but women would not have it so. The Southern States fell ijuickly into line, and then the custom found its way Into the Northern States. Put it is to General John A. Logan, a distinguished soldier, and no !es distinguished as a states man, then commander of the Grand Army of the Kepublle, that the nation owes the establishment of a National Memorial Day." General Logan Issued the following order on May 5, "The l'dth day of May Is designated for the purpose of strewing with Mow ers or otherwise decorating the graves of comrades who died lu defense of their country during the late Rebellion, and whose bodies now lie In almost every city, village and hamlet, church yard In the Intnl. In this observance no form of ceremony Is prescribed, but posts and co:ntades will. In their own way, arrange such fitting services and testimonials of respect as circum stances may penult. We are organ ized, comrades, ns our regulations tell us, for the purpose, among other things. 'of preserving and strengthening those kind and fraternal feeling which have bound together the soldiers, sailors ami marines who unlt-ed to suppress the late Rebellion.' "What can aid more to assure this result than cherishing tenderly the memory of our heroic dead, who made tbulr breasts a barricade between our country and Its foes? Their soldier lives were the reveille of freedom to a race in chains, and their deaths the tattoo of rebellious tyranny In arms. "We should guard their graves with sacred vigilance, All that the conse crated wealth and taste of the nation can add to their adornment and secur ity ! but a fitting tribute to the iem ory of tier slain defenders. Let no wanton foot tread rudely on such hal lowed grounds. Let pleasant paths In vite the coming and going of reverent b-l.v " ' rtr.fs7,i sm visitor mid fond mourners. I-.pt no vandalism of avarice or neglect, no ravages of tlmo testify to the present or tin1 coming generations that wo have forgotten ns it people the cost of a free nnd undivided republic. "I-ot us thou, nl Hie tlmo appointed, gather nrouiid their snored remnltis nnd garland the passionless mounds nbove GENERAL V. T. SHERMAN. (A Wnr Tlmo Photograph.) them with the choicest flowers of springtime; let us raise above them the dear old (las they saved from dis honor; let us iu this solemn presence renew our pledges to aid and assist those whom they have left among us a stirred charge upon a nation's grati tude, (he soldier's and sailor's widows nnd orphans. "It Is (he purpose of the commander-in-chief to Inaugurate this observance with the hope that It will be kept up from year to year, while a survivor of the war remains to honor the memory of his departed comrades. He earnest ly desires the public press to lend lis friendly aid In bringing to the notice of comrades In all parts of the country In time -for simultaneous compliance therewith." This celebration lit all the Grand Army posts set this beautiful example to the people nt large, and the custom soon became a part of the annual life of the nation. New York early took the lead and engrafted a law upon her statute books making May 30 a legal holiday, which action was also taken by most of the Northern and Western States. General Chlpmnn attributed the honor of suggesting n decoration day to n Cincinnati soldier, whose letter concerning such a custom lu Germany he laid before General Logan. General John I?. Murray, on the other hand, has advanced the claim of n cefe brntlon held nt Watortown. N. Y., Mny 27, IStltl. It has been shown that Gen eral Lognn ofteu referred to his first Memorial Day order as the "proudest act of bis life," and In the year It was 441 Si issued the lirst irreat observance was held at Arlington Cemetery, with Gen eral Arthur as the orator. May ao. Strew (lowers Fresh, radiant flowers! Walt beauteous buds and bloHsoms rare Cover the ailent mounds. Wreath the white tablets o'er With flagrant garlands Where sleep the brave The brave whose memory is sweet; Sweet us the breath ot roses; Lusting as the slieen of immortelles! Strew flowers! Cover the silent mounds with blooml Ami where the white tablets gleam lluug I'i ki no t gurlunds! -ICd. Mott, in the New York Sun. THE GRAND REVIEW. 'n6 -n iV'w'e. ""id beat of drum, . llirill the avetiue once again. Unee agan, have thn soldiers come uiay and broken, the inarching men. Here a man, of a company; Last of all-he is old and bent, Ihera a wavering lino we aee 1 hat platoon was a regiment! Drums are throbbing, and bugles sing, flags are blaring above the line; Cornea tho clinking that sables bring. Wanning one like the rarest wine; Comes the rumble of cannon wheels, Glint of button and epaulet; Lilt of filing and trumpet peals; rar-olt gleam of a bayonet. What an armyt A fading line! Yet its fading is more than grand This, the memory fair and fine Of the army that made the land. Shout! Till cheering has wholly drowned Ware of bugle and beat of drum! Cheert Till cheers from the sky resound! Unee again have the soldiers coma. W. D. f'ibet, in Baltimore Americas. Watering tlis Fniiltrr. May we spenk again of wntorlng the poultry ? This Is generally the weak point In Hie poultry yard. Had water Is a wonderful vehicle for carrying dis ease. Provide clean water nnd keep the drinking vessels clean. Have all arranged so that the young chicks can not get into (he water. A shallow ves sel filled with large gravel nnd then with water, ns mentioned In n previous Issue, makes nu excellent watering place for young chicks, but both gravel nnd vessel should be cleaned everyday or two.-t'p-to-Dnte Farming. . ItFrlnlmlnc Murk Fnrtn f.nnils. Muck soils, when properly drained, arc of great value, and many lauds which have lain Idle for generations can be reclaimed to great and lasting fertility. Experience, or the use of ex. perietice of others. Is, however, neces sary In their draining. Such soils settle rapidly when drying, nnd It tile Is used It must be laid at considerable depth. Most of such soils are under'ald with sand or gravel. In such cases holes or wells can be sunk at Intervals down to this sand nnd the tile lines run or emptied into them. This Is sometimes milch easier than the digging- of deep open ditches Into which to ruu the tiks.- American Cultivator, 1ul llrore l'asturft ft Is not an easy matter to keep up the flow of milk except by heavy grain feeding during the period when the pasture Is not yet lit to graze heavily. Just before good pasture we find it an excellent plan to tempt the cows to cat as much of the roughage ns pos sible, so ve cut the cornstalks or the straw, whichever happens to be avail able, lu very small pieces, and after wetting It well mix a portion of grain or a few vegetables chopped line through the fodder. It Is a freakish cow who will not eat this dish with avidity, even though It has been pretty well stuffed with roughage during the winter. We even go so far, for the sake of change, as to drop the cor.i slalks and give theiu the cut straw fixed In the maniiei specified, later going back to the cut cornstalks, but iu both cases wetting the fodder so that the grain used, sometimes cornmeal and again bran, will stick to It, else they will mouth It over and eat the grain without the fodder. Indianapolis News. Trrnlinont of Swituipy Lands For any one who has a piece of low land flint Is liable to overflow It tuny be made very profitable by setting It In willows. The common or coarse spe cies is used extensively by the powder factories and the wood brings a good price. It is also used for making coarse baskets and other articles. The red osier (;sallx purpuria) Is the kind used for making the finest grade baskets, and Is easily cultivated. The ground should be prepared as early In the spring ns possible. The cuttings, which can be had of a first-class nurseryman, and sometimes In one's own neighbor hood, should be set iu rows about three and one-half feet apart, from eight to twelve Inches apart in the lows, nnd about eight inches deep, and should have at least one good cultiva tion before the ground is shaded. They MTill grow rapidly on good land. It should be cut late in summer close to tle ground, the whips nsslsted into sizes, counted, tied Into neat bundles nnd shipped to market. It can gener ally be engaged at a good price. The roots will continue glowing and fur nish a regular income. G, M. Huui phreys, in The Ep tomlst. Scientific Fannin? The recent discussions in the Aus trian papers on the subject of indirect medication have been followed by vari ous articles In the French papers. The agricultural-bacteriological station of Vienna Is continuing its experiments with the cultivation of vegetables, in creasing by artificial means the propor tion of salts of Iron contained la them. The Idea is by no means new, as In 15711 Dr. Miraud wrote a book showlug that the therapeutical virtues of vari ous vegetables might be Increased If alimented with certain substances eon tabling medicinal properties. In 18(10 Dr. Chnmpouillon communicated to the French Academy of Sciences the re sults of his experiments with the strawberry plant and the vine which had been watered with nitrate and carbonate of potash. Dr. Chnmpouillon mentions two cases of dropsy which were cured by a diet of strawberries saturated with nitrate ot potash and White wine mineralized. In 191)7 M. Emlie Levy tried the c: perliuent of feeding fowl with corn and salts of Iron. It appears that the eggs thus obtained contained a fare share of these salts iu a form perfectly assim ilable. Newark (N. J.) Sunday Call. ltadikhes. The radish Is one of the early season garden crops, quick growing and hardly. For best development it re quires rather cool weather, nnd to grow tender radishes It Is necessary to have a continuous growth from begin ning to end. As soon ns the ground enn be worked In spring sow lurge, heavy seed. The soil should be clean, rich garden soil. It Is advisable to sow a new crop every ten days, to keep up a continuous sup ply. In uliout four to six weeks after planting the radishes will be ready for table use. The rows should be from six inches to a foot apart, nnd the seed covered about half un Inch In depth. Drop two or three seed every inch In the row. It will require about nn ounce of seed for 100 feet of row; eight to teu pounds for an acre. When grown In hot weather radishes aro apt to be stringy and tough. Winter radishes are planted the lat ter part ot July or the first of August, and are grown the same as turnips. Being firm and tender they keep well over winter If stored lu pits or a dry cellar. The most popular market radish is tho French Breakfast. Bcarlet .Short Top, Cbartlcr and Wood Early Frame. For winter the White and Black Na yles and the White Vienna are very good. Indianapolis News. ltalslu Bolliouse Vegetables, A general diictusion of the vegetable I raising was n Nature of a recent meet ing nt Horticultural Hall, Huston, Mass. W. W. Itawson was the principal speak. er, nnd lie estimated that nearly 200 acres In Massachusetts nre tinder glass. The product Is sold In Hoston, New York, Philadelphia, P.ulTaso and Chi cago. J he vegetable grower to-ilny should have several houses In order that each may be nt the proper tem perature. In no other part of the Pnlted States has the growing of Aegetobles under glnss renched the point of perfection that It has hete. There are more than 12(H) market gardeners who bring pro duce to toston, nnd the number Is In creasing. To-day H Is a problem what to grow, nnd the man must study the market, know how to produco n good crop by close nttoutlon to details, and confine himself to a few kinds he Is most familiar with, and which nre best ndapted to his soil and market. Mr. Itawson advocated growing vegetables by electric llgbl, nnd the use of steril ized soli. lie thought the cucumber crop could be Increased fifteen per cent. by the use of the electric light. Yarnnm Frost, another well-known market gardener, said It was an Insult to common sense to speak of growing vegetables by electricity. He had never used It nnd nevet would, nnd it was n ood deal like another "fad" which Mr. Rawson had started of painting glass white. J. C. Stone said lie liked to henr these comments, because when two market gardeners lived In the same town and disagreed so well, It was n sure sign that both were good growers. -American Cultivator. s'hrlfty Tom ittn l'lanfn. This Is how I raised 13,000 tomato plants after March 10: I planted part of them In a hotbed ten feet long nnd two nnd oue-hnlf feet wide, In rows about three Inches apart. .This gave room to cultivate them, I sowed the seed thickly In trenches one Inch deep nnd covered with soil. When the plants came up 1 thinned to about 100 to the row. I planted the other bed the same way, but this bed was lu the plain soli nnd was five feet wide and nearly twelve feet long. This allowed no to cultivate from both sides. When the plants were a week old I carefully loosoued the soil between tho rows with a table fork, but did not disturb the plnnts. I did this twice n week till they were large enough to set out. When they were ten days old I sprayed them with a gallon of liquid manure to a pail of water. If the manure Is used stronger It will Injure the plnnts. But how they did grow treated this way! When about six Inches high I transplanted to another bed, giving them more room. This should be done about twice before they are ready to place In the field. This was the 20th of May here, and the phvits had stalks as large as a lead pencil and were ten to twelve Inches high. 1 kept up the cultivating and spraying nil the way through. Perhaps all do not know how to get the liquid manure. Bore the bottom of n barrel full of holes; place it on blocks In a slant; fill in a little straw, then stable manure to at least two-thirds full. Place boards under neath to run off the liquid; then pour on two pnlls of water. It will run through in an hour or two. Then pour on water enough each day to keep the supply of liquid just as your needs are. This liquid is just as good for other plants. Phoebe Journey, lu TUu Epitotnlst. The Cause of Tuberculosis. , The Cornell University Experiment Station In bulletin 225, just published, gives most Interesting facts about this drended animal disease, its cause and how it is spread. It says that the disease Is caused by a micro-organism, tho bacillus tuberculosis, which nre only visible under the microscope. The bacilli aro often found in tuberculous cattle and people, and differ very little ; lu appearance and belong to the same species. The bacilli escape from dis eased animals, hi the saliva and mucus from the mouth, also from the pus from tubercular abscesses that open through the skin, nnd in the milk of the cow. Some cows show fifteen per cent, of them in their milk. The infection nnd spread ot the dis ease among animals Is largely through tho digestive tract, and by inhaling particles of dirt or dust carrying bacilli, or by getting them Into wounds of the skin. The latter is possible, but not common. Healthy cattle "nosing" with Infected ones, or feeding nnd drinking after them Is the most usual way of In. fection. The Infection of calves by feedihg them milk from tuberculous cows Is a frequent means of spreading the disease. This upon calves Is slow and sometimes does not show the dis ease for years. This Is on.; of tho very important ways that the disease Is spread among breeding herds. The disease Is often found In swine fed upon milk from Infected cows. Last year the I'nlted States meat In spectors condemned about 20.000 hogs for tuberculosis. The sniii3 res't may follow when milk from Infected cows is fed to children or adults. Practically the only way tuberculosis gets' Into a herd of cattle Is by the Introduction of a tuberculosis animal. Tho disease Is of very slow progress In developing. If often requires years for It to destroy Its victim. The germs pass Into the blood or lymph and tiro carried to other pnrts of the body, where each germ starts a new tubercle. The tuberculin test is by far the most reliable way to determine whether animals have any trace of tho disease. There have been many unjust things raid about tuberculin and many cattle owners have come to fear thut it is a danger ous agent to use. It has been found, howevei, that tuberculin Is as harm less as need bo to the health of the animal. The dangers that are supposed to come from It are the results ot poor tuberculin, unclean Instruments, of other avoidable causes. Tho tuber culin Is a prepared fluid. If the ani mal Is sound when tuberculin I In jected no reaction Is observed. If, how. ever, the animal contains the active tubercle there Is a reaction which shows itself In a rlso ot temperature beginning for from eight to sixteen hours after the injection and continuing for from six to ten hour and foslbly longer, New York City. Draped waists made over perfectly fitted linings nre among the latest fancies of fashion, nnd nre always graceful and attractive when worn by tho women to whom their folds are becoming. Illustrated Is an admirable one that Is cut to form n be coming point nt the front, and that al lows of high or decollete neck. Iu the Illustration It Is shown made of gray chlfTon with applique of the saino shade, and with cream medallions of lace applied on the yoke. It would, however, be equally desirable made from any of the fashionable materials that are soft enough to make Its ful ness attractive, while trimming can be varied Indefinitely. An entire yoke of lace or of tucked chiffon Is always pretty, while the frill which forms the bertha can be of lace In place of the material whenever liked. In the mod el the sleeves are made In elbow length and finished with frills of the material beneath which are those of lace, but long cuffs qan be added, making them full length whenever desirable. The waist Is made with fronts and A LATE DESIGN backs that are shirred and arranged I over a smoothly fitted lining, over which tho yoke ulso Is adjusted. The sleeves aro shirred to form two pud's with frills below, and nre held lu place by the foundations. The quantity of material required for the medium size Is four and u half yards twenty-one, four yards twenty seven or two nnd flve-elgbth yards forty-four inches wide, with one and one eighth yards of medallion lace, five yards of uppllque and two yards of lace for frills to trim as Illustrated. Latest In Skirt Fashions. Although fashion dictates that the 18.'1() modes are still having a great vogue tiud that as the season advances they will become more prominent, It Is qulto evident that women are not tak ing to the extreme of this fashion so readily ns might be expected. There nre but very few who look well when thus nttlred, nnd it requires a tall and slender figure to carry well a gown con sisting of many yards of material and a quantity of lace. Tucks, rnllles and pleats all help to carry out the effect of 1830 styles, and the latest skirts are almost Indescribable with their many little touches of originality. Lnee Is employed extensively In skirts, and the bertha and Helm are alike popular nov elties. Tho train is no longer a fash ionable accessory to the new gown, which has a straight, round length. Spangled appliques are also used to a great extent, nnd odd effects nro achieved by Inserting Into an otherwise plain skirt several rows of this Import ed decoration. Net gowns made over taffeta silk offer many opportunities with the skirt trimming, and the new est wrinkle Is to drape the flounce up in several places with cblffou roses and foliage. EBecllve HeiMng-otes, Rather effective are the redlngotes of taffeta, peau de sole, or lace, worn over a plain cloth skirt, and these in light shades are also permissible for deml-toilet. A pretty toilet of pale pastel blue, cut en Prlncess-e. or rnther with a very deep corselet band, had a kind of blouse bodice of cream nccor dlon pleated chlfTon, over which was mounted some very fine Bnibnnt bice. This gavo a pretty fluffy effect, which would be particularly becoming to a slight woman, Many spotted taffetas In vleux rose, white nnd pastel shades will be seen, and the charms of mous sellne de sole nnd soft crepe de chine nnd chlfTon velours will be ns popular ns ever. New York Evening Mail. Wot f Color. As to color, It Is tip nnd tie between the dark nnd the light. The '.ntter ex ist In a thotisnnd variations, nearly nil springing from tan ns a base, though fan as a shade has gone out. Instead there nre subtle suggestions of pink nnd mauve In pastel tones, nnd on tho other Hide, pale olives and sago greens. Among the darker coats the tone known ns Oxford gray Is very popular. It Is quite dark-altogether beyond the steel or mouse color, and looks nntty with a small turn-down collar of do Clded check. Of ltlaeK Straw. A charming black Rtrnw lint had the) brim rolled and pinched back and side In n Jaunty shape, Impossible to de scribe. There was a twist of velvet ribbon ending In n bow around the crown, while on the crown at one side were set two wings, the tips pointing In opposite directions. These were in sev eral tones of rose, deepening to ma genta, n color which contrasted bril liantly with file black straw. ltlouse or Shirt Waist. No gown of the spring Is more popu lar than the one In shirt waist style, nnd no model for the waist Is better liked thnn this one. In the Illustration It Is shown In golden brown pongee with the stole, trimming and cuffs ot Oriental embroidery, but It Is nn excep tionally adaptable model, and can bo utilized for the many washable fabrics of the summer ns well ns for the silk BY MAY MANTON, Hid wool materials of Hie Immediate present, and would be equnny effective In all. Wheu silk and wool are used, embroidered banding, embroidery worked. onto the material, lace and fancy braid all are appropriate for the trimming, while for linen and cotton goods there ure Innumerable bandings, embroideries and luce which are cor rect. The waist Includes a' fitted founda tion, which Is optional, and is mude with fronts and backs. The buck is tucked from the shoulders to the waist line, but the fronts to yoke depth only, while the closing is made Invisibly at the centre. The sleeves nre tho new ones, tucked above the cuffs and full at the shoulders. The quantity of material required fot the medium size Is four and u quartet yards twenty-one, four yards twenty seven or two and an eighth yards forty-four inches wide, with one and three-quarter yards for trimming.
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers