EAULY one thousand Sun day-school teachers have gone from America to Jeru salem to attend the Intornu tlonnl convention nt Easter. Wlmt are the scones wlilcll they nre witnessing at this bright and beautiful den son V J'lie spring brings happiness to the Holy Laud. During the winter the earth Is wet and cold, the low houses are damp, and the people mirier lie cause tliey liii ve almost nothing to burn. But as soon as tlie spring comes the brown fields become bright with the white and red cyclamens, the wild gladioli, the orchids, the yellow chyrs nifthomuuis, the scarlet popples, the high and the low purple hollyhocks. The people begin moving toward .leru. solera, to lie there at the time of the great festival. Most of the people In l'alcstlne are very poor, and have to walk, each vil lage forming one group, I'erhaps the chief of n villogo rides a donkey. Some times the pilgrims carry a banner, and generally a drum or tambourine. At Jerusalem tor several days the citizens are waiting about the gates to welcome the visitors, whom they lead Into the city to places of rest. Of course tlie narrow si reels soon become crowded. J he bazaars do a brisk business; many soldiers are on duty to keep order. Travelers from ninny countries pour In to swell the crowds. Every body Is excited mid Joyful. Not all the people keep Knster, ror not all are Christians; but they ull keep some festival in the spring. . The Jews keep the I'assover in mem ory of their escape from Egypt. They JEWS' WAILING WALL, City meet in their houses, with everything done up as if fot u Journey, and with the lamb and the bread and the bitter herbs to remind them or that event. The bread is not raised, but Is made of flour and water, und is linked In tliln sheets. It is used for seven days. The Jews nre not very happy lu Pal estine, and have orten been attacked nt the I'assover time, when they could not defend themselves. Hut they are not afraid of Americans, who have never harmed them. Onee, In Jerusalem, 1 was taken to a Hebrew house to see how such a family kept the feast. They lived a little wuy from the wall, in a small stone house of one story. We could see that a small, lilgli window was lighted, but no answer was made to our knock. We waited a little, and knocked again. This time we got an answer, but tlie door was not opened, and a voice Inside only sld: "tJo away and do not trouble us." A new thought now came to us, and so we knocked again, mid this time we culled out: "American!:" As soon as they heard that word they set up a Joyrul shout and threw the door wide open, with cries of "Wel come, welcome, American!:" The room Into which we now entered was nearly square. There was a low sent, or divan, alonr; two sides, and on one side we were given a place. The family were across t: e room, all ex cepting a little ooy, who was in the middle. "UNTIL 1 CAN COUNT SIX STAUS." We observed that the father had a Jargo bundle In his right hand and an other In his left, and we understood that &o he carried out the idea of hav ing everything mude retdy to leuve, as his ancestors had left Egypt by night Immediately i.fter eating the I'assover. 1'resently the boy said, "What Is the meaning of this service V" and then tho futuer, as the Scriptures require, told ull about trie first 1'uss over, how the Jews were oppressed in Egypt, and were set free, and were tfomniu ided co keep this feast every year nfterwaru. We spent a long evening, listening to him and tasting of the feast and having everything explained. We In vited our host to come and eat some or our rood at the eud or the days. He came and was requested to take bis place at the table, but he shook his head. We walled awhile and then asked him to be seated, but he still shook his bend. "Cau you not come at all?" we asked. "Yes, 1 cau coino. but the day are not over uutil 1 can count six stars." So he stood by the window, and at last ho turned round wltli a bright face and said. "Now 1 can eat with you." H certulnly had uot lost bis appetite while waiting. I Naturally the Jews keep iliclr lestt- val the most quietly, but they are very earnest about It, especially those in Palestine, who have gone there In or der to live ns nearly as possible like their ancestors of thirty centuries ago. They nre poor, lint very religions, and every Friday the year round they meet In a place behind the wall of the Temple, and shed tears over their mis fortunes, and pray tU.it they may have their city again. The Moslems, the followers or Mo hammed, would not i.e likely to have any part lu the Easter festival, but they do have a grrat celebration nt that time, mid their large milliners make It very Imposing. Their renst Is called Neby Mousa. that Is. the prophet .Moses. The :tiblo says that Moses died and was buried over tho .'ordan, In Mo.ib, but the Moslems say that Ills tomb is down In the wilderness of .ludea. I'ossihly the place to which they go Is where funeral ceremonies were held for Jacob, ns is told In the Inst.clinpter ' Genesis. For days the Moslems nre gathering at Jerusalem, the rich otlicials, the mer chants and farmers, and the wild He douiiis, who are not very religious. The .Moslems bold he place where the Temple wns, and they have two mosques, Omar and EI-Aksa, In what was the enclosure of t'.:e Temple. They have also many other mosques in the city. lu all these they spend much time In preparation, and thi on the appointed day they takeout witlrmueh ceremony their green banners mid form n pro cession through the eastern gate. Some high ottlcers start who do not go all the way. They ride white horses with red bridles and saddles. The people wear bright turbans. The soldiers curry guns, but the desert peo pie huve spears. l or an hour they all come streaming out or the city, going down the bill to the valley of the Keitron, and so over the Mount or Olives and uu. or sight. And they are gone for a week. Then they come back and return to their homes. Christians are not allowed to go, but a Moslem rriend has told inn that they hold tunny services, and have some thing like what Is called by us a "re vival." o one who hns heard the music or the Turkish military banns will tor get tlie plaintive nirs which they al ways play, as if the life of the people was a sad one; as If tlie soldiers longed for their homes, and as If their raith did not make Moslems happy. It is lu a minor key, also, that men call out from the minarets of the mosques live times a day the call to prayer: "Cod 1 great: Cod is great: Come to prayer:" Jews and Moslems are not nt strife among themselves, but it is very un fortunate that Christians of different sects ure at odds In 1'ulcMinc. first are the Creeks, as they are called, who come from Greece and Kussia, and other countries which belonged to the eastern part of the Itoinan Empire, with Its capital nt Constantinople. Then there ure Latins, who are or all nations that look to Home as their centre. The Latins do not acknowledge the patriarch, and the Greeks do not ac knowledge tho l'ope. They do not keep the same days for Christmas and Easter, because the Eust was not will ing to follow the West In the ndoptlon of the Gregorian calendar. There are now thirteen days between their dnt Ings, and the difference increases by one day every century. The Lutiu Kaster comes Brst. WHEUE THE TOMB WAN. There are also the Armenians, who claim to be the oldest of all notions, the Copts, who come from Egypt, and he i'rotestants, who come from Europe atid America. The Protestants nro not all agreed on the place where our Lord's tomb was. Some think that the place of the cross Is a little hill shaped like a skull Golgothu or Calvary means place ot a skull north ot the city. The Moslems have a graveyard on this bill, and have lately fenced it to prevent Christians from holding services there, as they have sometimes done. The famous General Gordon thought that he bad round the right tomb near this bill, and some people bought It for $20,000 and are taking care of It We only know that the tomb was In a garden, that It belonged to a rich man, and that It was new at that time. It was common lu those days lor wealthy families to linve tombs made in their own gardens. There are many such on all sides of Jerusalem, and sometimes poor people live In them. All the Christians except the 1'rot estants celebrate Kaster In the Church of the Holy Sepulcher, which tins two great domes, one of the Greeks, tlie other of the Latins. This church was llrst built round the sepulcher about auo years after our Lord's death; wben It bad stood about three centuries It was destroyed by the Persians. It was rebuilt In three parts, and afterward enla rged. That edifice also suffered Injury, and the Crusaders built this one obout HUU years ngo. Additions have since been made to it. In Its last form It is about Kin years old. There are some forty parts of the building, chapels and altars and the like, but the chief part Is, of course, the sepulcher. This Is entered by steps downward, and Is a room about six feet square, rit'teen silver lamps hang from Uie low celling. Of these tlie Creeks own live, tlie Latins live, the Armenians lour and the Copts one. Masses are said here at short Intervals. The priests nt tlie different altars almost elbow one another. The sounds make a babel. THE SOU It Y I'AltT Ol' IT. The bitterness In the hearts of the rival sects hns so often caused quarrels ami murders in tills church that the Turkish soldiers, who are Moslems, are always present near the door, lounging, drinking coffee and chatting, yet ready at any sign of conllict to ar rest the antagonists. The bells lu the two great domes are Creek In one and I .a tin In the other, and they are always rung In discord, so that the Moslems all over the city nre disturbed by them, and speak in contempt of ti)e Christians. Tlie court before the church Is a very busy place nt Easter, for pilgrims are buying candles to place on the nl tars and relics to take home, and there of Jerusalem. seems to be no other place in thu world where so many nations meet. The Latins, the Armenians and the Egyptians do not have any .services very different from those held at their homes. The Greelc Christians have a strange rite, called the "Holy Fire." Their Easter comes later, as I have already explained, and this Is rortuuate, Tor they crowd tho church to suffocation, and stay ull night In It. The reason for this Is that, when the lire comes, It will be made to light torches, and these will be carried by runners to all the villages; the one who comes llrst to his village will have a prize. Thus It Is a contest of athletes to get nearest and start tirst. There are chanting and yelling and pushing and falling and r.ilntlng and every kind of vio lence. CAltKYlXG THE "HOLY IT UK." At one point stands a priest to catch tho tire through au opening rrom the tomb. Hundreds or bare arms thrust forward candles. At lust a flame ap pears inside the hole; soon It spreads lrom hand to hand, and all rush, shout ing, to get uwuy. Another custom and it repeats au act done at the Urst Lord's Supper is the washing of feet. A row of persons representing the disciples Is formed, and one by one they seat them selves In a chair, and hold their feet over a large silver Jar filled with water sprinkled with rose leaves. The of ficiating primate kneels lu rront upon a red velvet cushion, washes the feet, dries them with a towel and kisses them. Whether or not this church stands on tlie spot or our Lord's burial depends on Its position as to the old city wall, ir It was outside it may be the true place, which wus "wlthou1: the gate." Some bits or wall huve been uncovered, but not enough to mnke the lino plain. The church Is In a crowded part of the city, and uo extended digging would be allowed there. The excava tions which are carried on are mostly In the country. No doubt we shall know niucn more In due time than we do now. First Chick "She, too. Is lucky." Second Chick "How so?" First Chlck-"Vhy, isn't she being bom with an Easter bnt on her bead J" -Lire. Easter Instructs us to live for the spirit. The imperishable element in man Is the spiritual. Jesus nourished Ills dally life wltb prayer. He lived for the spiritual side of life? for mln lstry, duty, love: for the thtni th.t never die. I Uj J21&JL HI 11 V VhIiio of Wprtivlnr. One of the best proofs of sprayng was given us recently by V. II. La fuse, or Union County. In Ills orchnrd lie lias a Tow genet In trees that have borne fruit for twenty-two years, but the apples linve always till now been Inferior and poor kecjiors. Last year lie sprayed them thoronglitly two times, nnd tlie result Is that lie lias nn abundant crop of sound fruit, that Is keeping perfectly Indiana Farmer. Lawn or (iHfttitti Itollrr. For the simplest form, saw the roll er from a hardwood log, ns nearly round ns uiny lir. Lay out the centres; nnd bore straight tlve or six Inches deep. The frame is two-by-two-lnch hardwood, nnd may be mortised or halved together and fastened up by one-fourth-inch bolts. Handle bar Is bolted In the same milliner, and seveii-clglitlis-inen hole bored near the end to receive n round hurdwood stlc!;. Diagonal braces need not be more llinn one-half Inch thick, of bard wood, boiled to bar and front cross piece. Through holes bored In the side pieces are passed three-fourths- lncli log screws, which are screwed into tho roller; straight Iron pins may be used. A cement roller would be heavier nnd more durable. Iron pins, flattened on one end tofceep them from turning nro embedded in the cement. Use n frame similar to the above. The form Is n sheet Iron tube of the desired length and diameter. If more than one roller Is wanted, three sheet iron hoops can be slipped over the tube to keep It from spreading. A piece of three-inch plank larger than the diameter of the tube, with one side planed, Is centred, and a circle, slightly larger than the tube, marked out with dividers. Uorc a bole In the centre, Insert the pin, place the Khect Iron tube over it even with the circle and pour in tlie cement made of one part of best cement to two parts sharp sand.-W. G. Iiodgcrs, in Farm nud Home. Tim (lid Hens. On ninny farms at this time of the year there are found quite a number of surplus males and females thut pos sess pure blood but which cannot be sold to fanciers, for various reasons. These may have been prize winners at an early period In life, but, on ac count of approaching end and conse quent fading beauty, they have lost out and linve become the victims of the Intense commercialism wltb which this age Is charged. These birds And their way into the huckster wagon nt commercial rates and n day or two later they "hiuy be found in the midst or a struggling, surging muss of every thing that the feathered vocabulary lias a name for. About thut time some farmer, und, so far as that is con cerned, once In while a fancier, will happen that way when his eyes will be caught instnnter by the appearance of any specimens. He becomes in terested right away und goes after such specimens as pleases bis fancy, nnd one by one examines every sec tion of the bird, ending by purchasing of said huckster the blooded bird ut the commonest kind of a price he can beat the huckster down to. Then he takes the bird home, waits until it moults nnd Uses It up for sule for four or tlve times the price ho gave for It, declaring that nobody has been harmed, for the bird was thorough bred. Inland Poultry Journal. Advantage of Jlutter. T'resli butter of high grade in ninny places commanded forty cents u pound during December. January and Febru ary. Very dubious butter from the West, suspicious lu appearance, ran cid, mottled, shaded, sU-lix'd nnd lu general repulsive lu appearance, sold in Eastern markets ut thirty-four to thirty-seven cents a pound. I'roduceis of milk testing four to six per cent, of butter fat should study what these prices might mean to them In case they made their line milk Into high grade butter, instead of wasting it on the profitless liquid nnd condensory lines. A hundredweight of six per cent, fut milk will produce about sev en pounds of butter. If the butter were high grade butter it would have sold for forty cents a pound during the past three months, which Is equiv alent to ?2.S0 per hundredweight for the milk. The skim milk or butter milk fed back to the farm stock would meau twenty cents more In re turns, or a total of f3 per hundred weight. That is equivalent to $2.58 per forty quart can of milk, or tf.45 cents a quurt for the milk. Producers of Just such milk sold It to the con densers for 3.44 cents to 3.54 cents a quart in December nnd January, and for 3.225 cents to 3.333 cents a quart In February. Co-operative "but ter factories would enable the produc ers to net 0.45 cents a quart for their fine winter milk, while they net only 3.225 to 3.54 cents for it Trom the condensers, nnd the condensers sell It at eight- to fifteen cents a quart to the city consumers. Of course some pro ducers will Insist that "dairy farming does not pay." It would be remark able if it did pay so long as the dairy farmers refuse even to try to better their condition. N, y. Fanner, Oxen on tlie Farm. As good horses have become sewee and high in price, it would seem that oxen might again be profitably em ployed to do some work of the farm. It is bard for the people of the pres ent day to rcallso that until a compar atively recent date the ox was the ahlef draft animal of the world. Even now in some countries oxen are used quite extensively. It seems that with the draft horse and improved machinery the ox sud denly went out of use ns n work ani mal In this country, yet even now on many farms an ox team would lie a good Investment. One reason why they nre not used more is that it take.') so long to get them thoroughly broken, nnd the av erage farmer does not relish the idea of having to walk by their side all the time, or If perchance he gets on the wagon to ride have them take ad vantage of him and rtu away. A few years ngo I broke n pair of steers, and after working them in the usual way for over n year anil having a good deal of trouble to keep them from running nwny when they hnd n chance I concluded to try putting bridles nud lines on them. I got two bridle lilts a half dozen snaps nnd fifty feet ot hnlf Inch rope and made bridles nnd lines, putting four rings on top of the yoke to hold the checks In place. The whole outlit, yoke nnd nil, cost me less than one uollar. After they got "brldlewlse" they worked nil right. My nephew, ti boy too small to lw en trusted with a team of horses, drove them easily, doing nil my harrowing and dragging while I kept the horses to the plow, lie can plow three or four acres with them for beans while I was cutting wheat. Oxen have a very steady, even mo tion to the plow, unlike the unsteady, j uneven motion of horses, that Is wear ing on the nerves. I think the yoke make oxen slower than they would otherwise be. They generally use more strength pulling out from one another than In going ahead. If 1 were brenking another team I would teach them to work in harness ns well as In the yoke, using tlie yoke for heavy work where speed was not nn object, and using harness to tlie wagon nnd other work where I want ed them to walk faster. It is said thai the Devons mnke the best oxen. The Herefords ure also recommended. I think the Holsteins would be good as they .are large and docile and ought to be as active as any. We bad some of them a few years ago that could Jump most uny fence on the place, and "out run a horse." 15. S. C, In Indiana Furnier. The Water of the Soli. soil may have In it too much wat er, or it may have too little water, or it may have Just the right amount of water for the best germination of seeds and the best growth of plants. To discuss the management of soils so that they shall hold the most nearly proper amounts of moisture for crop production and at tho same time re tain these amounts ns far ns possible from unnecessary losses Is the object of this bulletin. When water stands upon the surface face during tho growing season, the land should be drained preferably tile drained. When soils take on the appearance nnd feel of dryness al though they may still contain n mens uruble amount of moisture, they have reached a point where the.v will in. longer yield moisture to the growing crop. Capillary moisture is the visible moisture which clings to the walls of the soil grains or remains suspended In the smaller openings between the grains. Capillary moisture does not occupy nil the pore spuce of a normal soil, and, therefore, leaves room for the entrance of nir Into the soil. But there may be too much capillary mois ture in a soil or too little for tho best growing of crops. Tiie plant obtains nil of Its food. excepting carbon, from tho soil or through it. In nature nil these ex cepting a part of the nitrogen are de lved from the soil materials, both mineral nnd organic, of which they form n part. These foods are dissolved In the soil water and the water with its dissolved materials is taken in through the roots of the plant and thence conveyed to the leaves where the food materials nre reconstructed and much of the water thrown off Into the air. From the leaves tho remain ing water with the reconstructed food, moves out through the plant to the growing parts where the food is trans formed Into plant tissue or is stored for future use. But the food materials in the soil before they can be dissolved by the water must undergo n change by which they are made soluble. What- ver this change mny be. water is ono of the ugents by which It Is produced. Water then Is Important: J. In the changing of plant food into soluble form. 2. To dissolve and convey plant rood to and Into the roots of tho plant 3. To convey plant foods from the roots to the leaves for elaboration. 4. To convey the elaborated foods from the leaves to other purts of the piunts ror use. Bulletin 210, Michigan Ag ricultural Experiment Station. Camplnc Out In the ltoeklet. About dusk ycu straggle in with trout or game. Tho game-keeper lays aside his mending or his repairing or his note-book, and stirs up the cooking fire. The smell or brolllngand frying and boiling arises in the air. By the danc ing flame of the camp-fire you eat your third dinner for the day In the moun tains all meals are dinners, and are formlduuio ones at that. The curtain of blackness drawn down close. Through it sl.iues stars, looms moun tains cold aud mistake in the moon. You tell stories. You smoke pipes. After a time the pleasant chill creeps down from the eternal snows. Some one throws another handful of pine cones on the fire. Sleepily you prepare for bed. The pine cones flare up, throwing their light in your eyes. You turn over and wrap the soft woolen blanket close about your chin. You wink drowsily and at oneo you are asleep. Late in the night you awaken to find your nose as cold as a dog's. Y'ou open one eye. A few coals murk where the fire has been. The mist mountains have drawn nearer, they seem to 'tend over you in silent con templation. The moon Is sailing high In the heavens. With a sigh you draw the canvas tarpaulin over your bend, Instantly It is morning. Mountutti. by E. 8. White. 1 washio New Tork City. Blouse waists worn with chemisettes, niak- pronounced favorites, nnd will extend their vogue for many mouths to come. This one Is charmingly graceful und simple, and in cludes sleeves of the latest fcort that are shirred to form puffs above the elbows, so reducing the apparent brendth. In the case of the model the material Is almond green chiffon tuffetn, the chem isette and cuffs being of the material, bunded with tiny braid, and the belt of chiffon velvet. The tucks nt the back give the effect of broad shoulders with a small waist, while those at the front provide becoming fulness. The waist consists of the fitted lining, which closes nt tho centre front, fronts and back. The chemisette Is separate nnd arranged under tho fronts, nnd the shirred sleeves nro arranged over foundations which ore faced to form cuffs. The quantity of material required for the medium size Is five nnd one-half ynrds twenty-one, four und three-fourth yards twenty-seven, or two nnd three- i A LfllE DEJIQN fourth yards forty-four Inches wide, with five-eighth yards twenty-one inches wide for belt. Skirts In round length that touch, or just a little more than touch the floor, make one of tho most fashionable of nil models for all Indoor occasions and for the handsome street costumes. This one Is exceedingly-graceful at the same time that it is simple in the extreme and Is adapted to all inuterials that are soft enough to take graceful folds, but Is shown In raspberry red chiffon broadcloth stitched with cortlcelli silk. The skirt Is cut In five gores and Is laid lu three tucks of generous width. The upper edge is shirred to give the effect of a shallow yoke, nud the ful ness Is so distributed as to give less at front, more at the sides and buck. . The quantity of material required for the medium size Is nine yards twenty one, seven and one-hulf yards twenty seven, or four and one-half yards forty four Inches wide. In I.tlau Linen. A charmingly novel lilac linen rig suitable for most sorts of day weur shows one of the deep yokes fairly a cape effect of thotllneu. It Is edged With au cmplocvmcnt of linen in the some quality and of an amethyst color. The combination Is exquisite. A cor responding emplecenient of the ame thyst colored llneu forms tlie lower part of the mandolin shaped sleeves. Very many small buttons form the finish in every possible place, and these buttons are of amethyst color and are put on In clusters of three, Tho House buttons down the back, UTiOUHK waist and tucked BKIRT, i I 0 Simplicity mnrks the skirt. It Is plain the trout gore being In the form of a double box pleat. Tills Idea could be carried out in two tones of any color, and In many It would be as pretty ns It Is In this. It might be done entire ly, too, In white with pearl buttons. For the far South such a dress Is de rlgueur right now. A Henrlng flown. Any youthful dancing gown is ap propriate for a girl enjoying her first gay season. The flowered chiffons In hydrangea tints nre usually lovely and nre wonderfully popular. They nre made very simply, with wide tucks nnd high girdles of silk or liberty satin. With high bodices the chiffons are charming for theatre wear or for restaurant dinners. A fulfill Hint. The bertha lu some form, or else n llehu, Is present on most of the sen son's low necked gowns. The sim plest gowns worn by young girls do not follow tills rule, however. Neither do they follow any extreme tendency to decollette. ' A girl's dancing gowns are usually the simplest, us far us dec orations nre concerned, In her entire wa rdrobe. In Mnnlln 8trnw. A hat of Manila straw was trimmed with black velvet ribbon nnd block wings. The brim was wide nud flexi ble, and was turned up irregulurly on one side. There was a rouche of vel vet ribbon extending around the crown, a fancy buckle In front holding two long black swallows' wings, which were brought around to the side ou the brim of the hat. Cloth Nklrt. Cloth skirts nre this season worn with velvet Jackets. This Is a new Idea nnd one which bids fair to be decidedly popular. This Jacket, however, to be In good stylo, must be ono cut with basques nnd to be uite elaborately trimmed. The skirt is of broadcloth, matching exactly the color of the Jacket. Walking Skirt With Flounce. Flounce skirts of nil sorts mnke nota ble features of the latest styles, and are much liked for the soft silks nnd wools ns well os for the mony dainty cotton materials. This ono Is exceptionally dainty nnd shirred nt the upper edge, the flounce being Joined to the lower, BY HAT M1NT0N. su providing more perfect finro than is possible when It is applied over the skirt. As Illustrated tho material is foulard, peach pink in color, but the available ones are almost without num ber. The skirt proper is cut In five gores, which are shirred and nrranged over a shallow foundation yoke, then Joined to tho belt. Tho flounce is straight at . its lower edge, turned indervto form a heading and shirred In successive rows, then arranged over the lower edge of the skirt, -which serves ns a stay. Tne quantity of material required for the medium size Is ten yards twenty- one, nine yards twenty-seven, or tlvs and one-fourth yards fortv.four iuchee wide
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