Migher Earnings l\y 11. .SMITH, IVoston, Mass. TIIK establishment of a successful shipyard at Quincy has meant iif invessitv tin' applii atioti of every possible principle of scien tific management in all t!ie many branches involved. We feci that only by constant hettermcnt of our efficiency and the conse quent training of a proper working force, are we assured of a proper fut tire. .Scientific management, to my mind, is tlie application of certain principles to the directing and guiding and the assisting of lahor along proper business and economic lines. These principles ate universally recognized in the business world today, and are necessarily becoming more evident in evary American shop as the competition grows keener and the necessity for the utmost proficiency correspondingly greater. This is especially true in a plant where so many different trades are involved as in a shipyard. Only by dint of constant attention to details and careful booking of results for future comparison can efficient results be arrived at. The difficulty of obtaining such results is greater in pro portion as the repetition is less. For some years past we have endeavored to keep careful account of work done and the time spent thereupon in every department, and the use of this information has given us a definite idea of the efficiency of our working force, and has allowed them in turn to make higher, earnings, with correspondingly greater satisfaction to us both. Specialization of the work to which this points the way, elimination of unneeesary processes, and the necessity for proper aids to efficiency are three of the cardinal principles of scientific management which we have used, and are using more and more every day in the development of this shipyard. We have not adopted the Taylor system as such, as our work is so complex a variety that we cannot employ any such general scheme in all our departments. We are, however, as is everyone else at present, con stantly striving to increase the efficiency of the labor employed, and, with very few exceptions, in every case where a systematic study of the ques tion has permitted tho introduction of premium or contract work lessened costs have meant greater earnings to the workers who brought them about, _ * 0 and this with no injurious results " False » Teeth ! Tend to ; Shorten i Lnfe By H. E. CROSSWELL IV. C. —-_„ mm J 1 icles of food which other people can eat without any difficulty. Now, after ten years, perhaps, of abstinence from heavy foods, difficult to masticate, and getting older every day, he purchases a set of false teeth. Immedi ately he feels rejuvenated and starts to eating anything and everything with the avidity of a schoolboy. But his stomach rebels, although in many cases the man feels no ill effects at the time. lilll after a while he gels indigestion, dyspepsia and a thousand other complaints, and all because of his false teeth. If he had let. them alone he would have continued eating easily digestible food and his stomach, to sav nothing of years to his lifetime, would have been No, sir, 1 don't wear false teeth, and 1 never shall. Man Needs I to Know but Three Tongues By I. 11. GEIfRING know but three tongues—English, German and French. The Russian matters little, for one can go all over the czar's dominions on one or two of the predominant languages. The English will keep at the head of the procession, for many more millions employ it than any other one tongue. While a great language, it is in some respects very inferior to the German. One can express his thoughts more clearly, I think, and convey his exact meaning more accurately in German. By reason of this the Ger man literature is preferable to the English. Why Allow Guilty Persons to Escape? By K. J. MARSHALL Could not the legislature amend the present law and grant the trial judge or jurv hearing a divorce case the power at the same time of sen tencing the corespondent if guilty to the penitentiary for from one to five years, at the same time making other statutory grounds punishable by penitentiary sentence? This would soon cure the divorce evil, save the home ties and protect the children. Proper Training of Working Force Assures Future I believe that false teetli are one of the elements in modern times which contribute to shorten life. That is one of my pet hobbies, and al though I am often laughed at for holding such an opinion, 1 believe it is correct and I will tell you why. A man rarely needs a set of false teeth until he is nearing fifty at the earliest, and he usually manages to got along for perhaps eight or ten years before that on a few natural teeth. He is getting old in the meantime, and finding himself hampered by inadequate teeth. He must perforce forego many ar- I possess the, same fluency and com mand of German and English, but possibly 1 can use the English just a trifle more readily as I converse in it oftener than the other, which is my native tongue. When speaking with mv father and mother I in variably speak German. A good many years ago I had a very fair mastery of Italian and Spanish, but through disuse I have utterly lost the abil ity to converse in either. French I read with ease, but seldom essay to talk it be cause of bad pronunciation. After all, a man nowadays needs to In many of the sensational divorce cases reported in the newspapers a core spondent is named, with dates and places. The judge hears the case and a decree is given. But is the corespondent to a divorce suit not a criminal if the trial judge finds the allegations true? Is not the one who has broken up a home, robbed another of that which is most precious and sacred, a worse robber than a burglar? Then why are (lie guilty ones not prosecuted after being found offenders in a divorce suit? Stolen articles can be replaced, but home ties and peace of mind never. ~I I | | — Hifalk7 [ft J * "PEPPERY PARAGRAPHS" The merchant who "takes every thing as it comes" doesn't take much. Success is not measured in feet, but by head and heart. The time to prove yourself a real merchant is when times are bad —any- one can sell goods v\heu business is good. . Try as hard to please customers as you do to get them to come to your store. People won't buy at your store un less there is some better reason tbau that you want them to. Where prices are fairest and goods the best, it doesn't make much differ ence to most people what church, lodge or political party the merchant belongs to. The only genius required for suc cess in business is the genius tor hard work. You'll gain far more by co-operat ing with your competitors than by fighting them. If you give all the attention you should to your own business you'll have no time to work against an other's. The surest way to keep customers !s to make it so profitable for them to trade at your store that they'll lose money to leave. Some merchants conduct their stores as though one sale is all they ever expect to make —and It generally is-—to the same person. MERCHANTS MUST ADVERTISE Every Issue of Local Newspaper Should Contain Some Mention of His Goods. No business man In any town should allow a newspaper published in his town togo out without his name and business being mentioned some where in its columns, says an ox change. This applies to all kinds of business—genral stores, dry goods, groceries, furniture dealers, manufac turing establishments, automobile dealers, mechanics, professional men, in fact all classes of business men. This does not mean that you should have a whole or half or even a quarter of a page ad in every issue of the paper, but your name and business should be mentioned if you do not use more than a two-line space. A stranger picking up a newspaper should be able to tell just what kind of merchants the town has by a glance at the advertising. This is the best possible town advertising. The man who does not advertise his •business does an injustice to himself and his town. He is the man who ex pects the newspaper to do the most free boosting for his town. The man who insists on sharing the business that comes to a town but refuses to advertise his business is not a valu able addition to any town. The life of any town depends upon the live, wide-awake and liberal advertising business men. PLAN CHURCH "AD" CAMPAIGN American Missions Will Spend $50.- 000 for Newspaper Publicity Next Fall. Fifty thousand dollars' worth of newspaper advertising space is to be purchased next fall by the American Home Missions council in order to present current social and religious problems fully and frankly to the people of the United States. The money has been appropriated by the home missions council, com posed of the twenty-seven general boards engaged in national home mis sion work and the council of women for home missions, which has nine con stituent women's boards, national in their scope, these organizations repre senting practically the entire Protes tant home mission forces of America. The campaign is to be under the direc tion of the Kev. Charles Stelzle of the bureau of social service of the Presby terian church. The campaign will begin early In the fall, culminating in "home mis sion week" from November 17 to 24 Committees will be organized in tne 2,500 American cities having a popu lation of 2,50) or more, these commit tees to become responsible for the campaigns in nearby towns and vil lages. Only One Kind of Honesty. It is the liar who is hum stringing the body politic today. I believe that the day is coming when the law will prohibit untrue advertising in Amer ica. as it does today In Germany. No man can be permanently successful unless he Is honest. In spite ot the fact that t-onie men seem to think there are fifty-seven varieties, but one kind of honesty, the good, old-rash loned kind remains.—Hon. b\ W. Heron ADVERTISING AS AID TO SALESMANSHIP By FRANK M. DU NOYER. The day Is dawning when the pub lishers of magazines and newspapers, one and all, who are given to exploit ing inflated circulations will be ex tremely unfashionable in the advertis ing world, and it will be the same with those unscrupulous and incompetent advertising agents whose only stock in trade is being able to arrange for placing accounts with Inferior publica tions. An enthusiastic man will create en thusiasm in others-- not only by word of mouth but by means of the written word. It is so with a commonplace news Item dressed up by a live man who has an imagination, and equally so with ad writers. Enthusiasm will take you right through to the cus tomer. The subject of clerk hire is always interesting to an advertising man, for though his ads have the pulling power to fill a merchant's store, unless the clerks are well posted on the mer chandise that is featured from day to day; unless they are courteous, alert, painstaking and obliging it is obvious that results will not be satisfactory. I have asked why indifferent and in competent clerks are so often found In important positions. Sometimes the answer is that this is a mill town and efficient help can command big pay in the mills. Now, that answer would not satisfy you if you were an advertising man with your heart and soul In your work, for you know from observation that one good clerk is worth more to a merchant than four incompetents. But conditions in that respect are rapidly changing, and we are all studying efficiency and how to get the best results for the money expended. There are many things that people must buy somewhere, and they are apt to buy most of these things through persuasive ads. And there are many more things they would buy if they were properly waited upon. There is always a reason for every thing whether it be success of failure. The great success of John Wanamaker of course is not due to any one par ticularly good idea that emanated from that brilliant inind, but there is one rule in his big Philadelphia store that surely has helped toward that end —Jt is that no clerk must see a customer stand waiting if it is pos sible to excuse himself from the cus tomer he is waiting on and approach the one waiting with a remark some thing like the following: "I will be pleased to wait on you very soon;" and this must be said pleasantly; in fact the clerks must be pleasant and agreeable at all times under all cir cumstances to customers. The text of an ad may be ever so well written, but if it is not attrac tively Illustrated or displayed it will not arrest, the attention —and Is lost. This is a technical feature of adver tising and I will pass onto the text. The text of an ad should always contain the facts. But just plain facts is not enough. T T nless the ad contains that spark of life that is born of en thusiasm—-unless the writer is really interested in this work and is able by what he says to hold the interest that has been awakened by the illustration or display, the ad will surely fail of its purpose. This principle is well known to local news writers. The en thusiastic local scribe who ip able to embellish a commonplace news item with a lively imagination will get it past that city editor, unless it is a big day for news, without a mark on it —because it is readable and has hu man interest. When a concern has been doing business the old way, without adver tising, for several years, and has been successful, it requires patience, perse verance and much persuasion to get them to look toward the light. I have in mind the very trying experience of an advertising man with the head of a very old and conservative business concern. A young man just through college secured the assistance of the advertising man and they undertook to show the father the new and bet'er way to do business. Of course there was some objection on the start, and the ad ntan was subjected to the in dignity of being referred to in uncom plimentary terms very often. But the ardent young college man said we must not mind father—the ad man must bear with him until the turning of the tide —when results began to show he would be on our side. One fine day the ad man called the young fellow in and told him he didn't think he could stand any more jolts like the one he received from his father that day. Among other things he said that the bill for advertising last mon'h was outrageous and asked if he had come up that day to blow in the re mainder of the plant. The son admit ted that was pretty tough treatment, and said he wouldn't care to be pres ent when the next month's bill ar rived —about four times as much as the last one. Well, about tills time results from the advertising began to show, and the life of that ad man was more fit to live. But that same man had the satisfaction at the end of four years of being told that the output of that cohcern had been mul tiplied by three, and that it was due in large part to Judicious advertising. Honesty In Advertising. Honesty in advertising as a policy as well as moral necessity was the theme of an address delivered to the Springfield Ad Men's club by Andrew N. Fox of Chicago, '""here is only one better way to Incj- a man's en mity than by calling him a loot." Mr. Fox said, "and that is by treating him like a tool 011 the surmise that he doesn't recognize the treatment. You can't tool the u«iple in advertising." [g WMA RADFORD.--^, Mr. William A. Radford will answer questions ami give advice FREE OF t'OST on nil subjects pertaining to the subject of building, for the readers of this paper. On account of his wide experience as Editor. Author and Manufacturer, he is, without doubt, the highest authority on all these subjects. Address all Inquiries | to William A. Radford, No. ITS West Jackson boulevard. Chicago. 111., and only enclose two-cent stamp for reply. It would be difficult to design a prac tical house any cheaper than the one | illustrated herewith. It. is a small af fair intended for a new married couple ; who don't require much room. It is ! a very neat, pretty little story and a ■ half house,2s feet 6 inches wide by 127 feet 6 inches long, exclusive of porches. Ix>ve in a cottage used to mean more or less discomfort in the winter time as soon as the weather got cold, but modern inventions have lately been introduced into the smaller houses, and we are applying them in a sensible way. Besides a hall, we have three good, large rooms 011 the first floor, and I we have two very good bedrooms and a bathroom tucked away in the roof gables. In fact it might properly be I called a gable end house. All the win dows you get upstairs are in the ga bles; and, by the way, these windows just add the necessary finishing touches to the large gables. A house gable was never finished satisfactorily until the three window frame was in vented, and that didn't happen until | quite recently. There was some objec ! tion at first to triple windows like this, until the women found out how to dress them up satisfactorily; but we don't hear any complaint now. The fashion seems to have come to stay, | because the women have given it their sanction. When the women nail a fash ion, it stays nailed until they change their minds; and they haven't publish ed any change of sentiment in regard j to a triple window, especially when it decorates the gable end of a house i roof. The reason probably is that they have found a satisfactory way to arrange the shades and curtains; and they have also found out that a win dow of this kind admits more light, sunshine and air than a narrow, con tracted, old-fashioned affair. One great advantage of a house like this is the ease with which the house work is carried on. There are many j pleasant features about the plan, one .of which is the combination living ' room and dining room which makes practically one room nearly 27 feet long by 13 feet in width. The partial division in the center may be hung with curtains or not; but usually the —i j4'"t I?rcrPT KMLL I OW ki rb«cH First Floor Plan archway is ieu opru, especially in the summer time. ir a woman has handsome portieres, she likes to display them at the prop- I er time; but she also likes to put , ' them away in summer, out of the way j ' of moths and the fading propensities J :of sunlight. And 1 often think that j she does it to have a change. 1 don't j j care how handsome a curtain is. If J it hangs before you the year round, j I you become indifferent to it; iu fact, j ! you don't see It, you don't know it is i j there. But ii your wife puts it away ! ] you miss it, and when it comes back I again you are pleased to renew old quaintances. A real, live, womanly woman is fully alive lo the fact that most uien and some women forget things when they are out of sight and out of hearing; so next tail the old curtains [Kiss for new draperies. The front hall connects with the kitchen by way of a sort of cellar ves tibule. This arrangement is all right. A great many houses are so built that you can't get from the kitchen to the front hall is likely to disseminate the dining room and parlor. The idea seems to be that a door opening from the kitchen in the direction of the front hall is likely to disesmlnate the savory odor of cooking when certain vegetables are undergoing the boiling process, and the perfume is not con sMeiod sufficiently "bon ton" to as sociate on equal terms with guests in the parlor. This plan, however, provides for doublo doors, a precaution that is like- I Second Floor Plan ily to meet with approval from the | most fastidious housekeepers. The cellar-way leads down from this little j vestibule, and there is also a set o£ i shelves reaching from the floor to the ceiling. This set of cellar-way shelves j is about as useful as any other fea- J ture of the house. For some reason |it is almost impossible to keep jellies !in the cellar without having theru 1 mold in the glasses. If kept in the kitchen the jellies shrink until the j glassses are not more than half full; j but shelves in a cellarway built like tftls j seem to hit the happy medium, dad the fruit comes out just as nice in the win ter time as when put up in summer. Dry air in the house and damp cellar air meet here, and the results are very satisfactory. The value of a house is made up of little things. It is the many little things added together that make the round, satisfactory whole. The man or woman who wants a house to suit them must study the details before starting to build; otherwise the house will be unsatisfactory when finished. The fact is, few families can find a satisfactory ready made. It is difficult for anyone to feel really, thoroughly at home in a rented house. There are fifty little things you would like to have different, but you positively re fuse to put time and expense on a house that belongs to someone else. This is one reason why I so orten rec ommend young people to start out In a home of their own. It may not be elaborate, but if it tits the pocketbook it is very likely to prove the nucleus of a happy and prosperous life. This little six-room dwelling has been built for SI,BOO. It should not cost very much more than that today. Couldn't Keep Him Out. I.ittle Freddie was playing in the garden, when he happened to notice that the blinds were drawn down la the next house. "Mother," said Freddie, "why are the blinds down in Mrs. Brown's house?" "Only to keep out the sun." said she. A few days later Freddie's mother informed him that Mrs. Brown had got a son. After thinking deeply for a few minutes. Freddie said: "Seems to me. mother, it wasn't much good keeping the blinds down!" Modern Entertaining. "He must have spent a mint on his daughter's coming out party. They had both ham and chicken sand wiches." "Oh, these large alTalrs don't cost as much as an outsider would imagine. Those chicken sandwiches were only rented for the evening "
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers